2. The medical profession has existed as a mystery from the very origins of
civilization, but despite the progress in knowledge of anatomy and physiology,
both in ancient times as in modern, the doctor could do little more than relieve
pain, alleviate patient anxiety and predict more or less accurately the progress of
the disease
Some of the most characteristic developments are:
vaccines { tools drugs operations

5. Hematopoietic stem cells are immature cells that are capable of developing into the three types of blood cells:
Hematopoietic stem cells can be found in bone marrow the bloodstream, or the umbilical cord blood of newborn babies.
A steam cell transplant can replenish a child`s supply of healty hematopoietic stem cells. It[s used to tread a wide range of
diseases, including cancers and certain cancers; blood disorders; immune system diseases; and bone marrow
syndromes.transplanted hematopoietic stem cells are introduced into the bloodstream through an intravenus line , much
like a blood transfusion. Once in the body .they can pruduce healthy new blood and immune system cells
Types of transplant :
Autologous hematopoietic : Which this type of Allogeneic transplant :The stem cells come from a donor-
transplant,,patiens act as their own donor.That is,a child often a silblingbut sometimes another volunteer –whose cells
who is about to undergo cancer treatment will have his or are considereda “match” for the patient. Unlike with an
her own stem cells removed and frozen for late use. autologous transplant , there is a risk of rejection .

6. Robotic surgery seems an idea taken from a science fiction movie, and certainly the vision we have
of it has been influenced by images like the movie Star Wars.The possibilities of application of
robots in the surgery have motivated the investigation in this field, and nowadays already they are a reality.
The robotic surgery is considered by many authors as the future of the surgery due to the important advances
that it has experienced and to the great impact caused during the last two decades. His development has
been rapid, and has demonstrated to possess numerous advantages that help to the improvement of the
surgical technologies. Thanks to the robotic surgery changes have taken place in the practice and the
education of the surgery.

7. The foetal surgery has had a relatively recent development and has stopped being a model of experimental study to turn into a
diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for determined pathologies . The advances in the diagnostic prenatal technologies as the
ultrasound scan of high resolution, the biochemical analysis and the studies cytogenetic of the amniotic liquid and / or the foetal
blood, not only have facilitated the recognition of foetal anomalies, but have increased the usefulness of this new therapeutic
technique minimizing maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality both intra-and postoperatively.
The ultrasound scan of high resolution is a diagnostic The biochemical analysis are the concentration of various
test that allows to detect certain malformations of the chemicals found in the blood at the time of analysis and
fetus, being totally innocuous both for the mother and determination serves the doctor for:
for the fetus and of great diagnostic profitability. . Confirm a diagnosis in a patient with symptoms of a disease.
• Monitor response to treatment of disease.
• For early diagnosis in people with no symptoms, but may have
any risk factors for different diseases.

8. Medicine has made great strides in the last century, but technological
innovations continue to occur:
- Genetics and biotechnology for tissue regeneration
- Internet to revolutionize medical care and communication between hospitals ...
Genetics, biotechnology, cell biology and medicine, accompanied by chemistry,
computer science and many engineering, the engine will be responsible for
addressing the disease in the XXI century.