Research Methodology

1. Chapter-1
MCQ’S

2. 1) Research involves all of the following except—
--Validation
– Control
– Compilation
– Testing
– Formulation
– Promotion
Ans - Promotion

3. 2) According to the authors, research methods are
everything except:
– Unstructured
– Unbiased
– Sequential
– Directed
– None of the above
– All of the above
Ans- Unstructured

4. 3) The procedures followed at each stage of research
are directed, well documented, and, as much as
possible, planned in advance. The previous
statement defines the _____ aspect of the definition
of research.
– Systematic
– Accuracy
– Identification of information
– Collection of information
Ans- Systematic

5. 4) Of the following statements which reflects why
business research information is advantageous for a
managerial decision?
– It describes what is occurring in the marketplace.
– It may provide detailed information about specific
mistakes or why failures occurred.
– It provides information to help managers learn about
changing environments.
– All of the above are reasons
Ans- All the above reasons.

6. 5) The primary function of business research is to:
– Provide the solution to a business problem.
– Attempt to predict future behavior.
– Identify personal needs.
– Provide information to assist managers in making
decisions.
Ans- Provide information to assist managers in making
decisions

7. 6) A research that is oriented towards building theories
and models in the field of management is called:
– Theoretical research
– Model testing research
– Basic research
– Management research
– None of the above
– All of the above
Ans- Basic research

8. 7) Applied research is directed towards
– Problem solving
– Action oriented research
– Real time problems
– Management decision making
– a & b
– All of the above
Ans- All of the above

9. 8) A company wants to know what are the problems
are faced by employees in the night shift duties. The
company is intending to undertake
– Pure research
– Applied research
– Basic research
– Causal research
Ans- Applied Research

10. 9) Which statement best describes the nature of basic
research?
– Basic research requires the use of experimentation.
– The primary purpose of basic research is to facilitate
the managerial decision process.
– Basic research might lead to theory or model
building.
--Because basic research is exploratory, it does not
require the use of scientific methodology
Ans- Basic research might lead to theory or model
building

11. 10). Exploratory research studies are
– Loosely structured
– Followed by conclusive research
– Involve hypothesis testing
– Involve hypothesis building
– Require a skilled investigator
Ans- Loosely structured

12. 11) Kingfisher wants to evaluate the impact of a
promotional offer of thousand rupees off on return
ticket fares on ticket sales. The kind of research being
conducted is
– Applied research
– Conclusive research
– Causal research
– Management research
– All of the above
---None of the above
Ans- All of the above

13. • The variables in a conclusive research design are
– Derived on the basis of an exploratory research
study
– Are derived on the conduction of the conclusive
study
– Are structured and definite
– Are quantifiable
– b & d
– c & d
– None of the above
Ans- c & d

14. 13. How many people visit the mall on a weekend is an
example of
– Applied research
– Conclusive research
– Basic research
– Causal research
– Descriptive research
– All of the above
Ans- Descriptive Research

15. 14.) The Census carried out by the Government of India
is an example of
– Applied research
– Conclusive research
– Basic research
– Causal research
– All of the above
Ans- Basic research

16. 15) The impact of higher interest rates in PPF (public
provident fund) on individuals investment in the
instrument is an example of
– Applied research
– Basic research
– Causal research
– Descriptive research
---All of the above
Ans- Causal Research

17. 16) Which of the following statements about the
research process is not true?
– Is structured
– Is sequential in nature
– All steps in the process are carried out
– Reflects the orientation of the researcher
– All the statements are true
Ans- All steps in the process are carried out

18. 17) Which of the following problems require research
– Acceptance of a recycled paper packaging at
McDonalds
– Flexible work hours on turnover intentions
– Acceptance of more women oriented serials on
prime time
– Investments in insurance policies
– Voting patterns of western versus eastern UP
– a & b
– a & c
– All of the above
Ans- All of the above

19. 18) All of the following are stages in the research
process, EXCEPT:
– Determining sample characteristics
– Defining the problem.
– Formulating a research design.
– Managerial decision making.
– All the above are stages
Ans- Managerial decision making

20. 19) When attempting a research for a business
manager at what stage does the researcher enter
the decision making process?
– Problem identification and definition
– Alternative formulation
– Evaluation of alternatives
– Implementation
Ans- Problem identification and definition

21. 20) Hypotheses formulation is a stage in all the
following studies except:
– Basic research
– Applied research
– Exploratory research
– Descriptive research
Ans- Exploratory research

22. 21.) -------------------is a flexible contract about the
proposed methodology and once formalized and
accepted the research is ready for initiation.
–Research contract
–Research proposal
–White paper of research
–Manager’s contract
–None of the above
Ans- Research proposal

23. 22) Segmentation is a kind of
– Marketing research
– Production & operation research
– Personnel & HR research
– Financial & accounting research
– None of the above
Ans- Marketing research

24. 23) Environmental analysis is a kind of
– Marketing research
– Production & operation research
– Personnel & HR research
– Financial & accounting research
– Cross functional research
– None of the above
Ans- Cross functional research

25. 24) The following are features of a good research
study except
– Should be ethical
– Should be replicable
– Should be systematic
– Should be unbiased & objective
– All the above features are valid..
Ans- All the above.

26. 25) Deductive logic refers to the:
– analytical reasoning used to arrive at general
propositions on the basis of observation of certain
phenomena.
– analytical reasoning used for the purpose of leading
individuals to reason.
– analytical reasoning of linking different propositions
on the basis of abstraction.
– logical process of deriving a conclusion from a known
premise or established facts.
Ans- logical process of deriving a conclusion from a
known premise or established facts.

27. 26) Consider this statement: ‘All research scholars who
have studied here are analytical in approach.
Therefore, we conclude that all research scholars are
analytical.’ This is an example of:
– A variable
– Inductive logic
– The ladder of abstraction
– Deductive logic
– None of the above
Ans- Inductive logic

28. 27) Consider this statement: ‘All research scholars are
analytical in approach. Madhavi Mehta is a research
scholar, therefore we conclude that Ms Mehta is
analytical.’ This is an example of:
– A variable
– Inductive thought
– The ladder of abstraction
– Deductive thought
– None of the above
Ans- Deductive thought

29. 28) _____ is a problem that requires taking a decision on
what information is needed and how it can be obtained
in the most feasible way.
– The environmental context of the problem
– The management decision problem
– The management research problem
– Problem definition
Ans- The management research problem

30. 29) A typical problem definition process involves all
the following steps except:
– Discussions with the decision makers
– Interviews with industry experts
– Analysis of project costs
– Analysis of secondary data
Ans- Analysis of project costs

31. 30) The opening vignette of the chapter would
essentially require
– A simple research problem
– Complex research problem
– Causal research problem
– Does not require any research
– Any of the above is possible
Ans- Any of the above is possible

32. 31) The process of arriving at the management
research problem through a systematic process is
called
– A research proposal
– Problem analysis
– Problem audit
– Review of literature
– Dipstick survey
Ans- Problem audit

33. 32) In order to arrive at a scientific and meaningful
research problem the researcher needs to understand
the nature of the problem that the decision managers
face and what they hope to learn from research is one
of the reasons to conduct _____.
– Discussions with company experts
– Discussions with subject experts
– Interview with experts
– Secondary data analysis
– Qualitative research
Ans- Discussions with company experts

34. 33) Which of the following observations about problem
definition is incorrect?
– Organizational analysis helps familiarize managers
(researchers) with the decision area.
– Research objectives should be stated as broadly as
possible to permit flexibility in applying the research.
– Business manager is not able to define the problem in
specific operational terms.
– Sometimes the very fact about what exactly is the
problem is not clear to the business manager.
Ans- Research objectives should be stated as broadly
as possible to permit flexibility in applying the

35. 34) Which of the following is a step in the process of
problem definition?
– Obtain permission from the decision maker’s
organization to research the problem
– Establish the business decision maker's objectives
– Understand the context and background of the
problem
– Determine the cost of collecting data
– b & c
– a & b
– All the above are steps
Ans- b & c

36. 35) As studied, discussions with experts help to develop a
perspective about defining the research problem. Which
of the following statements about this discussion is
correct?
– The experts may be found both within the company as
well as outside.
– Typically primary method of semi-structured interview
is used to collect information from them.
– A small group of experts is enough to arrive at a
perspective.
– The stage is loose and flexible in approach.
– All of the above are true.
Ans- All of the above are true.

37. 36) Which of the following statements about review of literatur
is true?
– The literature has been formalized by the researcher for
the specific purpose of addressing the research problem a
hand.
– Literature review generally involves collecting information
through secondary sources of information.
– Literature review generally involves collecting information
through primary sources of information.
– Both b and c are true.
– All the above statements are true
Ans- Literature review generally involves collecting informatio
through secondary sources of information

38. 37) A _____ is a set of variables and their
interrelationships designed to represent, in whole or
in part, some real system or process.
– Mathematical framework
– Graphical framework
– Verbal framework
– Theoretical framework
Ans- Theoretical framework

39. 38) If one is studying the impact of variable pay
component on job satisfaction, then variable pay
component is
– Moderating variable
– Independent variable
– Intervening variable
– Dependent variable
– Unknown variable
– Extraneous variable
Ans- Independent variable

40. 39) If one is studying the impact of variable pay
component on job satisfaction, then job satisfaction
is
– Moderating variable
– Independent variable
– Intervening variable
– Dependent variable
– Unknown variable
Ans- Dependent variable

41. 40) _____ are statements/assumptions made -about the
likely outcomes of the problem-which may or may not
be true.
– Hypotheses
– Research questions
– Marketing research problems
– Analytical models
– None of the above
Ans- Hypotheses

42. •
41) Which statement about hypotheses is not true?
– A hypothesis is an assumption or proposition about the
topic that is of interest to the researcher.
– Hypotheses are in declarative sentence form.
– It is possible to formulate hypotheses for all research
studies.
– An important role of a hypothesis is to suggest probable
relationship between the variables under study.
Ans- It is possible to formulate hypotheses for all
research studies.

43. 42) Which of the following are criteria that need to be
kept in mind while designing a hypotheses
– It must always be a question about the relation
between variables.
– It must have clear implications for testing the stated
relationship.
– There must be a clear mention about the unit of
analysis.
– b & c
– All of the above statements are important.
Ans- It must have clear implications for testing the
stated relationship

44. 43) Job anxiety leads to lowered performance – this is an
example of a
– Relational hypotheses
– Descriptive hypotheses
– Non-directional hypotheses
– Directional hypotheses
– a & c
– a & d
– b & d
Ans- a & d

45. 44) Women drivers have fewer road accidents – this is an
example of a
– Relational hypotheses
– Descriptive hypotheses
– Non-directional hypotheses
– Directional hypotheses
– a & c
– a & d
– b & d
Ans- Descriptive hypotheses

46. 45) Social media have a significant impact on marketing
of teenage products – this is an example of
– A relational hypotheses
– A descriptive hypotheses
– A non-directional hypotheses
– A directional hypotheses
– a & c
– a & d
– b & d
Ans- a & c

47. 46) The most significant difference between problems
and hypotheses is that
– The problem mentions the variables under study.
– The problem is in question form.
– The problem is part of the research study.
– All the above are differences and not there in the
research hypotheses.
Ans- The problem is in question form.

48. Thank You