This document discusses passages from Matthew 26 related to Jesus' crucifixion and events leading up to it. It provides context on Caiaphas being the high priest at the time and discusses the Last Supper being held in an upstairs room with a large three-sided reclining table. It examines Jesus referring to himself as the Good Shepherd and references other passages that also call him the Shepherd. The document analyzes Jesus praying in the Garden of Gethsemane, noting it means "Olive Press" and describes the olive pressing process.

1. Matthew 26:1-75

2. 1st Use Of any Crucified, Crucify,
Crucifixion Words (Matthew 20:19)
• The only 1 X’s NAU use “crucifixion”,
Matthew 26:2 "You know that after two days
the Passover is coming, and the Son of Man is
to be handed over for crucifixion.“

3. Matthew 26:3, High Priest, Caiaphas
• Matthew 26:3 Then the chief priests and the elders of the
people were gathered together in the court of the high
priest, named Caiaphas;
• Archaeological Study Bible on 26:3 says, “Caiaphas was the
high priests from A.D. 18 – 36. He was the son-in-law of
Annas, a former high priest, who served from A.D. 6– 15
and still wielded much influence following his tenure in
office. Caiaphas knew well how to maneuver the political
scene. The reputation of the office had been ruined, since
the Roman governor appointed and he deposed the
officeholder. The Jewish Qumran community (which
produced the Dead Sea Scrolls) was especially critical of
this Roman puppet, whom they called the “Wicked
Priest.".… In 1991 and ossuary (a limestone chest
containing the bones of the dead) was discovered in
Jerusalem, inscribed with the name Caiaphas.”

4. Matthew 26:3,
Who Really Is The High Priest
• Matthew 26:3 Then the chief priests and the
elders of the people were gathered together
in the court of the high priest, named
Caiaphas;
• Numbers 35:25 =1st. Mention of High Priest
• Hebrews 3:1 …consider Jesus, the Apostle and
High Priest of our confession;
• Jesus is our High Priest fulfilling Psalm 110:4
The LORD has sworn and will not change His
mind, "You are a priest forever According to
the order of Melchizedek."

5. Matthew 26:3, Jesus The High Priest
• Jesus’ high-priestly work is/was different than OT;
• Hebrews 4:15 For we do not have a high priest who
cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who
has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without
sin.
• Hebrews 7:26…a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled,
separated from sinners and exalted above the
heavens; 27 who does not need daily, like those high
priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins and
then for the sins of the people, because this He did
once for all when He offered up Himself.
• Hebrews 8:1…we have such a high priest, who has
taken His seat at the right hand of the throne of the
Majesty in the heavens,

6. Matthew 26:14-30

7. Matthew 26:17-20, The Last Supper
• Can we know what the table was shaped like
at the Last Supper? Christ in Prophecy Show
• Dr. David R. Reagan and Dr. James Fleming,
one of the most knowledgeable teachers of
Biblical Archaeology.

8. Problems with Da Vinci's "The Last Supper"
• Dr. Fleming: ....There certainly are. As you know, Da
Vinci's "The Last Supper" is unique from his perspective
and for the facial expressions, the hand movements,
and so on. For example, it's too bad that he painted
daylight coming in, for the Passover is held in the
evening. It occurs in the eve after sun goes down. It's
also too bad Da Vinci painted table and chairs. The Last
Supper was a reclining meal. Sure, that Jesus and the
Apostles are all painted as being on one side of the
table makes it easy to observe their facial expressions,
but that wouldn't be how you would have been seated
at the time of Jesus....

9. Clues as to What Type of Table
• There are four words we look to in Luke 22:11-12 for
understanding the room where the Last Supper was
held....First Century people understand those four
descriptive words?... The first word is "large." Think mega.
Now, if it was a small room, you'd have a one-sided
reclining table. Archaeologists have discovered such like
that where food gets put on a little bench along one wall
with a mat in front of it... If it was a medium sized room, it
would be an "L" shaped reclining table where you recline
on two sides. If the room was mega-sized, then the table
was a large, three-sided, reclining table. They would have
use the word "triclinium" even though it is based on a Latin
word. Today in modern Israel, a couch in the living room is
also called a triclinium. And so, we can deduce that the Last
Supper was held at a three-sided reclining table.

10. Clues as to What Type of Table
• The second word is "upstairs." The reclining table for
the Last Supper is in a large room particularly located
upstairs. Most downstairs rooms have to have supports
to support a heavy upstairs and a roof, so larger rooms
tend to be located upstairs....
• The third word is "furnished." The upstairs room is
furnished actually with a table with mattresses. This
can be translated as "furnished" or a "table with
cushions." In all the Gospels the Apostles are said to be
reclining at the table....

11. Clues as to What Type of Table
• The fourth word is "guest." The guest chamber is called
a "kataluma." The guest chamber is a room where a
guest both eats and sleeps, meaning there is a table
that also happens to be with one step down from the
mattresses. ... The Last Supper was clearly in a guest
room where guests could both eat and sleep....
• So, in Jesus' day you were supposed to both eat and
sleep in the guest room. Archaeologists have actually
found over a thousand First Century reclining tables in
the triclinium form....

12. Matt 26:21, Some Will Betray Him
• Matthew 26:21…"Truly I say to you that one of
you will betray Me."
• Too many of us have a Christian vocabulary rather
than a Christian experience. Charles F. Banning
• John 6:64 "But there are some of you who do not
believe." For Jesus knew from the beginning who
they were who did not believe, and who it was
that would betray Him.
• Acts 8:21 "You have no part or portion in this
matter, for your heart is not right before God.

13. Matthew 26:24,
Not Your Sunday School Jesus
• Matthew 26:24 "The Son of Man is to go, just as it
is written of Him; but woe to that man by whom
the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been
good for that man if he had not been born."
• Much of the history of Christianity has been
devoted to domesticating Jesus- to reducing that
elusive, enigmatic, paradoxical person to
dimensions we can comprehend, understand,
and convert to our own purposes. So far it hasn't
worked. Andrew Greeley

14. Back In Matthew 15:31, The Crowd
Marveled, But They Should Not Have
• Isaiah 29:18 …the deaf will hear…the blind will see.
• Isaiah 32:3 Then…not be blinded…ears of …will listen.
• Matthew 26:28 for this is My blood of the covenant,
which is poured out for many for forgiveness of sins.
• This should not have been a surprised them either…
• Isaiah 42:6 …I will appoint you as a covenant to the
people, As a light to the nations, 7 To open blind eyes,
To bring out prisoners from the dungeon, And those
who dwell in darkness from the prison.

15. Matthew 26:31-46

16. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane
• Matthew 26:36 Then
Jesus came with them
to a place called
Gethsemane, and said
to His disciples, "Sit
here while I go over
there and pray."

17. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane= Olive Press
• Hosea 14:4 I will heal their apostasy, I will love them
freely, For My anger has turned away from them. 5 I
will be like the dew to Israel; He will blossom like the
lily, And he will take root like the cedars of Lebanon. 6
His shoots will sprout, And his beauty will be like the
olive tree And his fragrance like the cedars of
Lebanon. 7 Those who live in his shadow Will again
raise grain, And they will blossom like the vine. His
renown will be like the wine of Lebanon.

18. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• Explorations in Antiquity Center: Vine and the Branches
• The Christ in Prophecy Journal , Dr. Reagan and Dr. James Fleming

19. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• Explorations in Antiquity Center: Vine and the Branches
• The Christ in Prophecy Journal , Dr. Reagan and Dr. James Fleming

20. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• Dr. Fleming: We are now where we press olives. Understand
that you would have baskets or sometimes sacks held up by
stones in the back. A large stone is made ready so you can
really have a flat surface.
• Dr. Reagan: The olives are put under the stone on top and
then you'd hang weights on the beam that holds the stone
down?
• Dr. Fleming: Notice there are places to put more than one
weight. We just have a second weight on right now. Usually a
weight is as big as two people can lift up. Imagine as you put
the weight on seeing the olive juice running down the sides
and then into a collection vat for the olive oil.

21. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• What is interesting is that this oil press is called, believe it or
not, a gethsemane. Geth means press and semane means oil,
so "pressed oil." Therefore, Jesus liked to pray at a garden
called The Garden of the Oil Press. If you ask anyone what do
you picture when you picture an oil press, they'll say liquid
running down the sides and something getting flatter and
flatter under pressure. So, I think the imagery is there. Jesus
feels pressed in The Garden of the Oil Press. With four
different weights there can be four different grades of olive
oil. When you put the first weight on, that's called the first
pressing for the virgin oil, which is used for religious purposes.
It's for anointing the sick. It's for the menorah in your
synagogue with the special seven day ceremony used in

22. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• your synagogue with the special seven day ceremony used in
the lamp stand in the Temple.
• After you cupped the virgin oil all up, then you'd put the
second weight on. That becomes the largest press which is
used for cooking and eating.
• After taking the cooking oil away, you'd add the third weight.
The third press is a little bit bitter, so it is for your oil lamps.
You'd have a place for the wick in your lamp and you'd pour
the oil in the top.
• The fourth and final pressing is to make lye. Lye is used for
soap. We joke about Palmolive soap, but palm and olive oil
are actually used in soap. Isn't that amazing?

23. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press
• Olive trees have so many uses that the people in Bible times
would see them as beautiful trees. The book of Hosea says,
"Like as an olive tree to a beautiful tree." In terms of olive
wood, the doors of the Temple were made of olive wood.
Then they got healed with anointing oil. For cooking, they had
salad oil used for eating. Today we can use olive oil to
generate electricity which provides lighting. It's used to make
soap. So, the olive tree truly makes for a beautiful tree....

24. Matthew 26:36
Gethsemane, Olive Press

25. Matthew 26:31, Who Is The Shepherd?
• Matthew 26:31 Then Jesus said to them, "You will all
fall away because of Me this night, for it is written, 'I
WILL STRIKE DOWN THE SHEPHERD, AND THE SHEEP
OF THE FLOCK SHALL BE SCATTERED.‘
• Zechariah 13:7 "Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd,
And against the man, My Associate," Declares the
LORD of hosts. "Strike the Shepherd that the sheep
may be scattered; And I will turn My hand against the
little ones.
• Genesis 49:24 …From the hands of the Mighty One of
Jacob (From there is the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel),
• 1 Peter 2:25…the Shepherd and Guardian of your souls.

26. Matthew 26:31, Who Is The Shepherd?
• 1 Peter 5:4 And when the Chief Shepherd appears, you
will receive the unfading crown of glory.
• Micah 5:4 And He will arise and shepherd His flock In
the strength of the LORD, In the majesty of the name
of the LORD His God. And they will remain
• Ezekiel 37:22-28….24 "My servant David will be king
over them, and they will all have one shepherd;
• Psalm 23:1 …. The LORD is my shepherd…
• John 10:14 "I am the good shepherd, and I know My
own and My own know Me,
• Hebrews 13:20 Matthew 2:6 Mark 14:27 Isaiah
44:28 Psalm 28:9

27. Isaiah 40:9-18, Who Is The Shepherd?
• Isaiah 40:9… O Jerusalem…"Here is your God!" 10 Behold, the Lord
God will come with might, With His arm ruling for Him. Behold, His
reward is with Him, And His recompense before Him. 11 Like a
shepherd He will tend His flock, In His arm He will gather the
lambs, And carry them in His bosom…12 Who has measured the
waters in the hollow of His hand, And marked off the heavens by
the span, And calculated the dust of the earth by the measure, And
weighed the mountains in a balance, And the hills in a pair of
scales? 13 Who has directed the Spirit of the LORD, Or as His
counselor has informed Him? 14 With whom did He consult and who
gave Him understanding? And who taught Him in the path of justice
and taught Him knowledge, And informed Him of the way of
understanding? 15…Behold, He lifts up the islands like fine dust….17
All the nations are as nothing before Him, They are regarded by Him
as less than nothing and meaningless. 18 To whom then will you
liken God? Or what likeness will you compare with Him?...

28. Ezekiel 34:11-17, Sheep And Goats
• Ezekiel 34:11 For thus says the Lord GOD, "Behold, I Myself will
search for My sheep and seek them out. 12 "As a shepherd cares for
his herd in the day when he is among his scattered sheep, so I will
care for My sheep and will deliver them from all the places to which
they were scattered on a cloudy and gloomy day. 13 …I will feed
them on the mountains of Israel, by the streams, and in all the
inhabited places of the land. 14…on the mountain heights of Israel.
There they will lie down on good grazing ground and feed in rich
pasture on the mountains of Israel. 15 "I will feed My flock and I will
lead them to rest," declares the Lord GOD. 16 "I will seek the lost,
bring back the scattered, bind up the broken and strengthen the
sick; but the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed them with
judgment. 17 "As for you, My flock, thus says the Lord GOD, 'Behold,
I will judge between one sheep and another, between the rams and
the male goats.

29. Matthew 26:47-56
• Last Time, The Shepherd

30. Matt 26:31, Last Time,
Who Is The Shepherd?
• We examined the deity of The Shepherd;
• Genesis 48:15 He blessed Joseph, and said,
"The God before whom my fathers Abraham
and Isaac walked, The God who has been my
shepherd all my life to this day,
• Genesis 49:24 But his bow remained firm, And
his arms were agile, From the hands of the
Mighty One of Jacob (From there is the
Shepherd, the Stone of Israel),

31. Matt 26:31 Psalm 23:1,
Shepherd/King
• Dr. George Gunn, Professor at Shasta Bible College (to order CD
or DVD call (530) 221-4275) did a great on Psalm 23, showing the
OT, NT and extra Biblical ancient references to and
understanding of a Shepherd/King.
• Very clearly, the ancient Middle Eastern understanding of a
Shepherd/King was not “your Christmas card theology” view.
• When David wanted to kill “…this Philistine and takes away
the reproach from Israel...” (1 Samuel 17:26)
• David explained that he was a shepherd and had killed the
lion and the bear (Daniel 7:4-5) and that was in the context of
Israel being blasphemed, and threatened with extinction.
• Then David, the Shepherd to be King, killed Goliath, who
makes me think of the beast of Revelation 13. Who will, in
the Great tribulation, blaspheme God and threaten Israel
with extinction.

32. Matthew 26:48-49, Kiss/ Kissed
• Matthew 26:48 Now he who was betraying Him
gave them a sign, saying, "Whomever I kiss [φιλέω
(phileo)] , He is the one; seize Him.”
• Matthew 26:49 Immediately Judas went to Jesus
and said, "Hail, Rabbi!" and kissed [καταφιλέω
kataphileo, Meaning: to kiss fervently] Him.
• Judas told the chief priests and elders he would
give Jesus a Middle Eastern peck on the cheek.
• Then, in deception, Judas kissed Jesus fervently.
• John 3:16 "For God so loved [<25> ἀγαπάω agapao] the
world…

33. A Kiss Can Be A Trojan Horse
• Another Kiss Of Deceit in;
• 2 Samuel 20:9 And Joab said to Amasa, "Is it well
with you, my brother?" And Joab took Amasa by
the beard with his right hand to kiss him. 10 But
Amasa was not on guard against the sword which
was in Joab's hand so he struck him in the belly
with it…
• Proverbs 27:6 Faithful are the wounds of a friend,
But deceitful are the kisses of an enemy.

34. Matthew 26:50, Friend
• Matthew 26:50 And Jesus said to him, "Friend,
do what you have come for." Then they came
and laid hands on Jesus and seized Him.
• 2083 ἑταῖρος hetairos {het-ah'-ee-ros}
• Meaning: 1) a comrade, mate, partner 2) in
kindly address 2a) friend, (my good friend)
• Origin: from etes (a clansman); TDNT -
2:699,265; n m
• Usage: AV - friend 3, fellow 1; 4

35. Matthew 26:50, Friend (hetairos)
• Matthew 26:50…Friend… (hetairos)
• This word for love is only used 3X’s in the whole Bible,
all in Matthew, all by Jesus
• Matthew 20:13 "But he answered and said to one of
them, 'Friend, I am doing you no wrong; did you not
agree with me for a denarius?
• Matthew 22:12 and he said to him, 'Friend, how did
you come in here without wedding clothes?' And the
man was speechless.
• All 3 uses are in an adversarial situation, of a superior
speaking to a lesser, all other uses are leading up to
this betrayal scene.

36. Matthew 26:51,
Other Gospels Give Additional Info
• Matthew 26:51 And behold, one of those who were
with Jesus reached and drew out his sword, and struck
the slave of the high priest and cut off his ear.
• John 18:10 Simon Peter then, having a sword, drew it
and struck the high priest's slave, and cut off his right
ear; and the slave's name was Malchus.
• Luke 22:47 …Judas, one of the twelve, was preceding
them… Luke 22:49 When those who were around Him
saw what was going to happen, they said, "Lord, shall
we strike with the sword?"

37. Matthew 26:51, Cut Off His Ear
• Matthew 26:51 …struck the slave of the high
priest and cut off his ear.
• Luke 22:51 But Jesus answered and said, "Stop!
No more of this." And He touched his ear and
healed him.
• Jesus is still in control of the entire proceedings.
• Some think that Jesus healed him because
otherwise Peter would have been charged with a
capital crime and executed. This was attempted
homicide, not a little cosmetic surgical operation.

38. Matthew 26:52,
Keeping Your Sword In Its Place
• Matthew 26:52 Then Jesus said to him, "Put your
sword back into its place; for all those who take
up the sword shall perish by the sword.
• Luke 22:49 When those who were around Him
saw what was going to happen, they said, "Lord,
shall we [plural] strike with the sword?"
• These guys were “packin’ heat”
• And at least Peter wasn't afraid to use it
• <3162> μάχαιρα machaira
• Meaning: a short sword or dagger…

39. Matthew 26:52, How should a
Christian view gun control? Got Questions Ministries
• Question: "How should a Christian view gun control?"
Answer: ...Guns are readily available in the U.S., and
ownership is protected by the Constitution. ... the Bible
records many accounts of wars, battles, and the use of
weapons. Warfare is presented as an inevitable part of
living in a fallen world (Mark 13:7; James 4:1), and
weaponry is a necessary part of warfare. Weapons in the
Bible were also used for personal protection....In fact, it
was mentioned in a positive light by Jesus Himself on one
occasion (Luke 22:35-38) [Luke 22:36 And He said to them,
"But now, whoever has a money belt is to take it along,
likewise also a bag, and whoever has no sword is to sell
his coat and buy one.].

40. Matthew 26:52, How should a
Christian view gun control?
• Christians are called to submit to governing authorities, and
they are to obey the laws of the land (Romans 13:1-7; 1
Peter 2:13-17)....Another biblical principle to consider is
that “all who draw the sword will die by the sword”
(Matthew 26:52)....There is “a time for war and a time for
peace” (Ecclesiastes 3:8), and Peter confused the two.
Christianity supports personal freedom. Romans 14:1-4
indicates that, when Scripture does not clearly address a
particular issue, there is freedom for individual choice.
...Since the very beginning of humanity, people have been
killing other people, with and without weapons (see
Genesis 4). ...As far as the Bible is concerned, the use of
guns is a matter of personal conviction. There is nothing
unspiritual about owning a gun or knowing how to use one.

41. Matthew 26:52, How should a
Christian view gun control?
• There is nothing wrong with protecting oneself or loved
ones, even if it involves the use of weapons. We need not
pretend there is never a need for guns, but pointing a gun
at a person should always be a last resort. We should seek
to neutralize threats without violence whenever possible.
So, how should a Christian view gun control? With the
authority God has entrusted to it, the government has the
right to allow or disallow gun ownership to whatever
degree it deems right. We, as citizens, are called to submit
to whatever gun control laws the government institutes.
This is not, however, a statement on the wisdom of gun
control.

42. Matthew 26:52, How should a
Christian view gun control?
• There are good reasons to allow law-abiding citizens to own
guns. Ultimately, guns are not the problem. Sinful people
are the problem.
Recommended Resource: Politics - According to the Bible:
A Comprehensive Resource for Understanding Modern
Political Issues in Light of Scripture by Wayne Grudem.
• http://www.gotquestions.org/
• Got Questions Ministries | 6050 Stetson Hills Blvd., #254 |
Colorado Springs, CO 80923
• [DLK adds, “If you ever need input on self defense, call Karl
Poppelreiter. As a pastor and law enforcement officer, he’s
done a complete study on this.]

43. Matthew 26:53, 12 Legions Of Angels
• Matthew 26:53 "Or do you think that I cannot
appeal to My Father, and He will at once put at
My disposal more than twelve legions of angels?
• 3003 λεγιών legion {leg-i-ohn'}
• Meaning: 1) a legion, a body of soldiers whose
number differed at different times, and in the
time of Augustus seems to have consisted of
6826 men (i.e. 6100 foot soldiers, and 726
horsemen)…
• More than twelve legions=?

44. Matthew 26:53, 12 Legions Of Angels
• Matthew 26:53…more than twelve legions of angels?
• Easton’s says, “2267 Legion, a regiment of the Roman
army, the number of men composing which differed at
different times. It originally consisted of three thousand
men, but in the time of Christ consisted of six thousand,
exclusive of horsemen, who were in number a tenth of the
foot-men. The word is used Mt 26:53 Mr 5:9 to express
simply a great multitude.”
• 2 Kings 19:35 Then it happened that night that the angel of
the LORD went out and struck 185,000 in the camp of the
Assyrians; and when men rose early in the morning,
behold, all of them were dead.
• 6600 X 12= 79, 200 X 185,000 = 14,652,000,000,
• More than 14 billion! These Romans haven’t got a clue

45. Matthew 26:54, It Must Happen
• Matthew 26:54 "How then will the Scriptures be
fulfilled, which say that it must happen this
way?“
• Matthew 26:24 "The Son of Man is to go, just as
it is written of Him…
• Matthew 1:22 Now all this took place to fulfill
what was spoken by the Lord through the
prophet:
• Luke 24:44 …all things which are written about
Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and
the Psalms must be fulfilled."

46. Matthew 26:54, Which Scriptures?
• Matthew 26:54 …the Scriptures be fulfilled…
• Acts 1:16 "Brethren, the Scripture had to be fulfilled,
which the Holy Spirit foretold by the mouth of David
concerning Judas, who became a guide to those who
arrested Jesus.
• John 13:18 "I do not speak of all of you. I know the ones I
have chosen; but it is that the Scripture may be fulfilled, 'HE
WHO EATS MY BREAD HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST
ME.‘
• Psalm 41:9 Even my close friend in whom I trusted, Who
ate my bread, Has lifted up his heel against me.
• Psalm 55:12 For it is not an enemy who reproaches me,
Then I could bear it; Nor is it one who hates me who has
exalted himself against me, Then I could hide myself from
him.

47. Matthew 26:54, Which Scriptures?
• Psalm 109:8 Let his days be few; Let another take his
office.
• Zechariah 11:12 I said to them, "If it is good in your
sight, give me my wages; but if not, never mind!" So
they weighed out thirty shekels of silver as my wages.
• Psalm 2:2 The kings of the earth take their stand And
the rulers take counsel together Against the LORD and
against His Anointed, saying,
• Psa 118:22 The stone which the builders rejected Has
become the chief corner stone.
• Isaiah 52:14 Just as many were astonished at you, My
people, So His appearance was marred more than any
man And His form more than the sons of men.

48. Matthew 26:54, Which Scriptures?
• Psalm 22:1 …My God, my God, why hast Thou
forsaken me?
• Psalm 22:8 "Commit yourself to the LORD; let
Him deliver him; Let Him rescue him, because
He delights in him.“
• Mat 27:43 “…let Him deliver Him…"
• Psalm 22:17 I can count all my bones. They
look, they stare at me; 18 They divide my
garments among them, And for my clothing
they cast lots.

49. Matthew 26:57-68

50. Matthew 26:3,57, Jesus’ Trials
• Matthew 26:57 Those who had seized Jesus led
Him away to Caiaphas, the high priest, where the
scribes and the elders were gathered together
• Jesus went through an unfair trial in our place so
that we would not have to face a fair trial and
receive the well-deserved punishment for our
sins. Life Application Study Bible
• Matthew 27:2 and they bound Him, and led Him
away and delivered Him to Pilate the governor.

51. Matthew 26:63, I Adjure You
• Matthew 26:63 But Jesus kept silent. And the
high priest said to Him, "I adjure You by the living
God, that You tell us whether You are the Christ,
the Son of God.“
• Adjure=“…to charge, bind, or command
earnestly and solemnly, often
under oath or the threat of a penalty…”
• The Archaeological Study Bible, on page 1613,
Matthew 27:3. " Jesus was legally obliged to reply
after having been "charged" under oath.”

52. Matthew 26:63,
The Christ, The Son Of God
• Matthew 26:63…the Christ, the Son of God.“
• Matthew 16:16 Simon Peter answered, "You are the Christ, the
Son of the living God.”
• Martha said in John 11:27 “She said to Him, "Yes, Lord; I have
believed that You are the Christ, the Son of God, even He who
comes into the world.”
• Matthew 4:3 And the tempter came and said to Him, "If You
are the Son of God, command that these stones become
bread.” Mark 5:7…Jesus, Son of the Most High God…
• John 1:49 Nathanael answered Him, "Rabbi, You are the Son of
God; You are the King of Israel.“
• Zephaniah 3:15 The LORD has taken away His judgments
against you, He has cleared away your enemies. The King of
Israel, the LORD, is in your midst; You will fear disaster no
more.

53. Matthew 26:65,
The High Priest Tore His Robes
• Matthew 26:65 Then the high priest tore his robes and
said, "He has blasphemed! What further need do we have
of witnesses? Behold, you have now heard the blasphemy;
• Leviticus 10:1 Now Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron,
took their respective firepans, and after putting fire in
them, placed incense on it and offered strange fire before
the LORD, which He had not commanded them.
• Leviticus 10:6 Then Moses said to Aaron and to his sons
Eleazar and Ithamar, "Do not uncover your heads nor tear
your clothes, so that you will not die and that He will not
become wrathful against all the congregation…
• Leviticus 21:10 'The priest who is the highest…shall not
uncover his head nor tear his clothes;
• This “kangaroo court” is in session at night (Mat 27:1)

54. Matthew 26:65, Blasphemy
• Matthew 26:65…you have now heard the
blasphemy;
• Leviticus 24:16 'Moreover, the one who
blasphemes the name of the LORD shall surely be
put to death; all the congregation shall certainly
stone him. The alien as well as the native, when
he blasphemes the Name, shall be put to death.
• John 10:33 The Jews answered Him, "For a good
work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy;
and because You, being a man, make Yourself out
to be God."

55. Matthew 26:65, Why Blasphemy?
• Matthew 26:64 Jesus said to him, "You have said it yourself;
nevertheless I tell you, hereafter you will see THE SON OF
MAN SITTING AT THE RIGHT HAND OF POWER, and COMING
ON THE CLOUDS OF HEAVEN.“
• Psalm 110:1…The LORD says to my Lord: "Sit at My right
hand Until …
• Daniel 7:13 …And behold, with the clouds of heaven One like
a Son of Man was coming, And He came up to the Ancient of
Days And was presented before Him. 14 "And to Him was
given dominion, Glory and a kingdom, That all the peoples,
nations, and men of every language Might serve Him. His
dominion is an everlasting dominion Which will not pass
away; And His kingdom is one Which will not be destroyed.
• 1 Sam 7:3…direct your hearts to the LORD and serve Him
alone…

56. Matthew 26:67, Almighty God Abused
• Matthew 26:67 Then they spat in His face and
beat Him with their fists; and others slapped Him,
• Isaiah 52:14 Just as many were astonished at you,
My people, So His appearance was marred more
than any man And His form more than the sons
of men. 15 Thus He will sprinkle many nations,
Kings will shut their mouths on account of Him;
For what had not been told them they will see,
And what they had not heard they will
understand.
• Please open your Bibles to Isaiah 50:1-11

57. Matthew 26:67, Almighty God Abused
• Isaiah 50:1 Thus says the LORD…
• 2 "Why was there no man when I came? When I called, why was
there none to answer? Is My hand so short that it cannot ransom? …
• 3 "I clothe the heavens with blackness And make sackcloth their
covering."
• 4 The Lord GOD has given Me the tongue of disciples, …
• 5 The Lord GOD has opened My ear; And I was not disobedient Nor
did I turn back.
• 6 I gave My back to those who strike Me, And My cheeks to those
who pluck out the beard; I did not cover My face from humiliation
and spitting.
• 7 For the Lord GOD helps Me, Therefore, I am not disgraced;
Therefore, I have set My face like flint…I will not be ashamed.…
• 9 Behold, the Lord GOD helps Me; Who is he who condemns Me? …

58. Matthew
26:69-75

59. Matthew 26:74, God Knows The Heart
• Matthew 26:74 Then he began to curse and swear, "I
do not know the man!" And immediately a rooster
crowed.
• We should not try to guess about some ones salvation;
• John 13:29…because Judas had the money box…
• Acts 15:8 "And God, who knows the heart…
• Psalm 44:21 Would not God find this out? For He
knows the secrets of the heart.
• 1 John 3:20…our heart condemns us; for God is greater
than our heart and knows all things.
• <2617a> καταθεματίζω katathematizo
• Meaning: to curse vehemently…

60. God Knows The Heart
• So let’s try to keep
your hearts right
the rest of this
day, at least!

61. THE END
Meteora, Greece

63. Romans 1:30 Proverbs 1:8; 13:1; 30:17 Matthew 26:39 Luke 2:51 2
Timothy 3:2 Jeremiah 35:18-19 Ephesians 6:1-3
Exodus 20:12, Honor Father And Mother
• Question: "What does it mean to honor my father and mother?"
Answer: Honoring your father and mother is being respectful in word and action and having an inward attitude of esteem for their position. The Greek word for honor means “to revere,
prize, and value.” Honor is giving respect not only for merit but also for rank. For example, some Americans may disagree with the President’s decisions, but they should still respect his
position as leader of their country. Similarly, children of all ages should honor their parents, regardless of whether or not their parents “deserve” honor.
God exhorts us to honor father and mother. He values honoring parents enough to include it in the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:12) and again in the New Testament: “Children, obey
your parents in the Lord, for this is right. Honor your father and mother which is the first commandment with a promise, so that it may be well with you, and that you may live long on the
earth” (Ephesians 6:1-3). Honoring parents is the only command in Scripture that promises long life as a reward. Those who honor their parents are blessed (Jeremiah 35:18-19). In
contrast, those with a “depraved mind” and those who exhibit ungodliness in the last days are characterized by disobedience to parents (Romans 1:30; 2 Timothy 3:2).
Solomon, the wisest man, urged children to respect their parents (Proverbs 1:8; 13:1; 30:17). Although we may no longer be directly under their authority, we cannot outgrow God’s
command to honor our parents. Even Jesus, God the Son, submitted Himself to both His earthly parents (Luke 2:51) and His heavenly Father (Matthew 26:39). Following Christ’s example,
we should treat our parents the way we would reverentially approach our heavenly Father (Hebrews 12:9; Malachi 1:6).
Obviously, we are commanded to honor our parents, but how? Honor them with both actions and attitudes (Mark 7:6). Honor their unspoken as well as spoken wishes. “A wise son heeds
his father's instruction, but a mocker does not listen to rebuke” (Proverbs 13:1). In Matthew 15:3-9, Jesus reminded the Pharisees of the command of God to honor their father and
mother. They were obeying the letter of the law, but they had added their own traditions that essentially overruled it. While they honored their parents in word, their actions proved
their real motive. Honor is more than lip service. The word “honor” in this passage is a verb and, as such, demands a right action.
We should seek to honor our parents in much the same way that we strive to bring glory to God—in our thoughts, words, and actions. For a young child, obeying parents goes hand in
hand with honoring them. That includes listening, heeding, and submitting to their authority. After children mature, the obedience that they learned as children will serve them well in
honoring other authorities such as government, police, and employers.
While we are required to honor parents, that doesn’t include imitating ungodly ones (Ezekiel 20:18-19). If a parent ever instructs a child to do something that clearly contradicts God’s
commands, that child must obey God rather than his/her parents (Acts 5:29).
Honor begets honor. God will not honor those who will not obey His command to honor their parents. If we desire to please God and be blessed, we should honor our parents. Honoring
is not easy, is not always fun, and certainly is not possible in our own strength. But honor is a certain path to our purpose in life—glorifying God. “Children, obey your parents in
everything, for this pleases the Lord” (Colossians 3:20).
RecommendedResource: Your Family God's Way by Wayne Mack.

64. Matthew 25:5, They All Got Drowsy
• Matthew 25:5 "Now while the bridegroom was
delaying, they all got drowsy and began to sleep.
• Matthew 26:38-45 Then He said to them, "My soul is
deeply grieved, to the point of death; remain here and
keep watch with Me." …40 And He came to the disciples
and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, "So, you
men could not keep watch with Me for one hour?...41
"Keep watching and praying that you may not enter
into temptation; the spirit is willing, but the flesh is
weak.“… 43 Again He came and found them sleeping,
for their eyes were heavy…45 Then He came to the
disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and
resting?

65. • Mat 26:1-16. CHRIST'S FINAL ANNOUNCEMENT OF HIS DEATH, AS NOW WITHIN
TWO DAYS, AND THE SIMULTANEOUS CONSPIRACY OF THE JEWISH AUTHORITIES
TO COMPASS IT--THE ANOINTING AT BETHANY--JUDAS AGREES WITH THE CHIEF
PRIESTS TO BETRAY HIS LORD. ( = Mar 14:1-11 Luk 22:1-6 Jhn 12:1-11). For the
exposition, see on JF & B for Mr 14:1-11. Mat 26:17-30. PREPARATION FOR AND
LAST CELEBRATION OF THE PASSOVER ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE TRAITOR, AND
INSTITUTION OF THE SUPPER. ( = Mar 14:12-26 Luk 22:7-23 Jhn 13:1-3, 10, 11, 18-
30). For the exposition, see on JF & B for Lu 22:7-23. Mat 26:31-35. THE
DESERTION OF JESUS BY HIS DISCIPLES AND THE DENIAL OF PETER FORETOLD. ( =
Mar 14:27-31 Luk 22:31-38 Jhn 13:36-38). For the exposition, see on JF & B for Lu
22:31-38. Mat 26:36-46. THE AGONY IN THE GARDEN. ( = Mar 14:32-42 Luk 22:39-
46). For the exposition, see on JF & B for Lu 22:39-46. Mat 26:47-56. BETRAYAL
AND APPREHENSION OF JESUS--FLIGHT OF HIS DISCIPLES. ( = Mar 14:43-52 Luk
22:47-54 Jhn 18:1-12). For the exposition, see on JF & B for Joh 18:1-12. Mat
26:57-75. JESUS ARRAIGNED BEFORE THE SANHEDRIM CONDEMNED TO DIE, AND
SHAMEFULLY ENTREATED--THE DENIAL OF PETER. ( = Mar 14:53-72 Luk 22:54-71
Jhn 18:13-18, 24-27). For the exposition, see on JF & B for Mr 14:53-72.

66. Romans 13:4 John 18:10 Mark 14:47 Matthew 26:52,
Gun Control, Self Defense
http://www.gotquestions.org/
• Question: "How should a Christian view gun control?"
Answer: The recent shootings across the United States have caused much heartache. The senseless and tragic incidents have also renewed the intensity of discussion regarding American
gun laws. Politicians, sportsmen, and theologians have all weighed in on the issue of gun control. Guns are readily available in the U.S., and ownership is protected by the Constitution.
How should a Christian view gun control? What does the Bible have to say that would apply to gun control?
The Bible was written long before the invention of any type of gun, so the phrase “gun control” will not be found in Scripture. However, the Bible records many accounts of wars, battles,
and the use of weapons. Warfare is presented as an inevitable part of living in a fallen world (Mark 13:7; James 4:1), and weaponry is a necessary part of warfare. Weapons in the Bible
were also used for personal protection. In some parts of Israel, robbers were common (see Luke 10:30), and many people carried weapons when they traveled. Carrying a weapon for
self-defense is never condemned in the Bible. In fact, it was mentioned in a positive light by Jesus Himself on one occasion (Luke 22:35-38).
Christians are called to submit to governing authorities, and they are to obey the laws of the land (Romans 13:1-7; 1 Peter 2:13-17). This would have to apply to gun laws, too. If American
gun laws change, American Christians should submit to these changes and work through democratic means toward any desired alternatives. The Bible does not forbid the possession of
weapons, and neither does it command such possession. Laws may come and go, but the goal of the believer in Jesus Christ remains the same: to glorify the Lord (1 Corinthians 10:31).
Another biblical principle to consider is that “all who draw the sword will die by the sword” (Matthew 26:52). Jesus said this to Peter when Peter tried to mount an imprudent “defense”
of Jesus against the mob that had come to arrest Him. Peter’s actions were not only futile against such a “large crowd armed with swords and clubs” (verse 47), but his rash behavior also
belied Jesus’ submissive attitude (verse 50) and worked against the fulfillment of Scripture (verse 54). There is “a time for war and a time for peace” (Ecclesiastes 3:8), and Peter confused
the two.
Christianity supports personal freedom. Romans 14:1-4 indicates that, when Scripture does not clearly address a particular issue, there is freedom for individual choice. America has
historically embraced the concept of personal freedom that resonates with this principle, and the founding documents guarantee wide freedoms regarding firearms. Some point to
Matthew 5:9, in which Jesus pronounces a blessing on the peacemakers, and apply it to the issue of gun control. The idea is that guns are antithetical to peace. This may be more of a
philosophical or political idea than a theological one, however. There is nothing theologically, or even logically, that links guns to a lack of peace; sometimes, guns help maintaincivil
peace.
Debates over whether to control guns or how much to control them depend largely on political and philosophical arguments, not moral ones. This is not to say that there is no moral
component to the issue. Obviously, the gun itself is amoral, an object that can be used for good or for evil. More important is the morality of the person wielding the gun, and that is too
often the missing consideration in the gun control argument. The fact that some sinners use guns to commit sin does not mean guns are the problem. Sin is the problem, and that’s a
moral and spiritual issue. Since the very beginning of humanity, people have been killing other people, with and without weapons (see Genesis 4). Taking a certain weapon out of
circulation might make murder more difficult but by no means impossible.
As far as the Bible is concerned, the use of guns is a matter of personal conviction. There is nothing unspiritual about owning a gun or knowing how to use one. There is nothing wrong
with protecting oneself or loved ones, even if it involves the use of weapons. We need not pretend there is never a need for guns, but pointing a gun at a person should always be a last
resort. We should seek to neutralize threats without violence whenever possible.
So, how should a Christian view gun control? With the authority God has entrusted to it, the government has the right to allow or disallow gun ownership to whatever degree it deems
right. We, as citizens, are called to submit to whatever gun control laws the government institutes. This is not, however, a statement on the wisdom of gun control. There are good
reasons to allow law-abiding citizens to own guns. Ultimately, guns are not the problem. Sinful people are the problem.
RecommendedResource: Politics - According to the Bible: A Comprehensive Resource for Understanding Modern Political Issues in Light of Scripture by Wayne Grudem.
•
•
• http://www.gotquestions.org/
• Got Questions Ministries | 6050 Stetson Hills Blvd., #254 | Colorado Springs, CO 80923
• Question: "How should a Christian view gun control?"

67. Matthew 26:17-20, The Last Supper
• By Dr. David R. Reagan
• Can we know what the table was shaped like at the Last Supper?
• This question was posed to Dr. James Fleming, one of the most knowledgeable teachers of Biblical Archaeology, on our show Christ in Prophecy. Dr. Fleming lived and taught in Israel for
37 years at Jerusalem University College and at the Hebrew University. His first claim to fame is that he discovered the ancient Eastern Gate buried beneath the current one. Dr. Fleming
has walked or motorcycled about every square mile of Israel, and is so familiar with Israel past and present that Israeli tour guides come to him for training.
• He now operates the Explorations in Antiquity Center in LaGrange, Georgia, an interactive museum where people here in the U.S. can experience the life and times of Jesus Christ in the
First Century. It's a fascinating place, and so in this series we're going to tour the facility to glean new insights into the Bible by understanding the manners, customs and times of the
Bible.
•
•
Problems with Da Vinci's "The Last Supper"
• Dr. Reagan: Jim, I want to talk with you about the Last Supper. As you well know, whenever Americans think of the Last Supper they always think of one thing — the magnificent painting
by Leonardo Da Vinci. But, there's some problems with that painting, right?
• Dr. Fleming: There certainly are. As you know, Da Vinci's "The Last Supper" is unique from his perspective and for the facial expressions, the hand movements, and so on. For example, it's
too bad that he painted daylight coming in, for the Passover is held in the evening. It occurs in the eve after sun goes down.
• It's also too bad Da Vinci painted table and chairs. The Last Supper was a reclining meal. Sure, that Jesus and the Apostles are all painted as being on one side of the table makes it easy to
observe their facial expressions, but that wouldn't be how you would have been seated at the time of Jesus.
• At the Antiquity Center, one of the things we've tried to do here without demeaning that iconic picture is to help people better understand what the real setting may have been like.
•
Clues as to What Type of Table
• There are four words we look to in Luke 22:11-12for understanding the room where the Last Supper was held. Do you remember that Jesus told Peter and John to make the
preparations? Well, they were to follow a man with a water pot. When they got to the doorman they were supposed to inquire of him. Jesus said that he would show them a — large,
upstairs, furnished, guest — chamber. How would First Century people understand those four descriptive words? That is what we have tried to do at the Antiquity Center.
• The first word is "large." Think mega. Now, if it was a small room, you'd have a one-sided reclining table. Archaeologists have discovered such like that where food gets put on a little
bench along one wall with a mat in front of it. I have a replica in our little village in the museum.
• If it was a medium sized room, it would be an "L" shaped reclining table where you recline on two sides.
• If the room was mega-sized, then the table was a large, three-sided, reclining table. They would have use the word "triclinium" even though it is based on a Latin word. Today in modern
Israel, a couch in the living room is also called a triclinium. And so, we can deduce that the Last Supper was held at a three-sided reclining table.
• The second word is "upstairs." The reclining table for the Last Supper is in a large room particularly located upstairs. Most downstairs rooms have to have supports to support a heavy
upstairs and a roof, so larger rooms tend to be located upstairs. Jerusalem is a hill and valley city, so the upstairs often had a balcony that looked out over a lower roof. Just lovely!
• The third word is "furnished." The upstairs room is furnished actually with a table with mattresses. This can be translated as "furnished" or a "table with cushions." In all the Gospels the
Apostles are said to be reclining at the table. Modern translations might say "sat at the table" to make it modern, but the word is actually "reclined," and so we know it was at a table with
adjoining mattresses.
• The fourth word is "guest." The guest chamber is called a "kataluma." The guest chamber is a room where a guest both eats and sleeps, meaning there is a table that also happens to be
with one step down from the mattresses. If they hadn't gone to the Garden of Gethsemane they would have slept in the room of the Last Supper. In your house you have some rooms
where you eat and other rooms where you sleep, but every house that is able to afford a guest chamber or guest room in Jesus' time had a place where your guests both eat and sleep.
The Last Supper was clearly in a guest room where guests could both eat and sleep.
• Because the room was a guest chamber, I have a hunch that Judas first brought the guards back to the room of the Last Supper. Remember that he left during the meal? He did probably
because he thought they were going to be sleeping there. When they weren't there, Judas must have known Jesus enough as a person of habit that there was a favorite garden where He
liked to pray. Judas then may have said to the Temple guards something like, "Don't worry. I can take you to another place where you probably can get Jesus when He's away from the
crowds."
• So, in Jesus' day you were supposed to both eat and sleep in the guest room. Archaeologists have actually found over a thousand First Century reclining tables in the triclinium form.
•
In the eleventh part of this series with archaeologist Dr. James Fleming at his Explorations in Antiquity Center, we'll glean some biblical insights by learning where at the Last Supper Jesus,
John and Judas Iscariot would have sat.

68. Genesis 48:15, 49:24 Micah 7:14 Zechariah 11:15, 13:7
Matt 26:31 Psalm 80:1, 23:1, Shepherd/King
• Hi Josh, George Gunn did great on Psalm 23. Call me when
you can and remind me to talk to you about Goliath. Love
Bapa David killed the lion and the bear and that was in the
context of him explaining that he was a shepherd. And then
when Israel is being blasphemed, threatened with
extinction, he killed Goliath who reminds me of the beast
of chapter 13 Revelation, in the Great trib..
• Genesis 48:15 He blessed Joseph, and said, "The God
before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked, The
God who has been my shepherd all my life to this day,
• Genesis 49:24 But his bow remained firm, And his arms
were agile, From the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob
(From there is the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel),

69. DLK & JLK
• Judith said that not understanding the
distinction between Israel and the church is
like having one piece in the wrong place in the
puzzle border. You can squeeze and force the
pieces, to kind'a fit, but something still seems
not quite right. I said the distinction is more
like having the wrong colored glasses while
putting the puzzle together by colors.