Matter and energy
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The document discusses the different states of matter. It defines matter as a substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. There are four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Solids have a fixed shape and volume, while liquids and gases flow easily and take the shape of their containers but gases are more easily compressed. Plasma is the fourth state and consists of ionized gas that is highly electrically conductive.
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Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules that come together to form solids, liquids, and gases. Solids have a fixed shape and volume, with particles closely packed and held tightly together. Liquids flow to take the shape of their container, with molecules able to move around each other but still experiencing attractive forces. Gases have no fixed shape or volume, with particles moving freely in all directions and experiencing only weak forces between each other.
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Matter and energy
- 1. Matter and Energy Jonis V C Assistant Professor Department of Physics St. Xavier’s College for women, Aluva
- 2. Different phases of matter • Matter –a substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. • Made up of atoms. • Massless particles photons sound are not matter. • A state of matter is one of four distinct forms solid, liquid, gas and plasma. • These are the states in which matter can exist. • Liquids and solids are referred to as condensed phases particles are held very close to each other. 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 2
- 3. 1. Gas • Atoms are well separated with no regular arrangement. • Assumes the shape and volume of its container. • Compressible • Flows easily(is a fluid) 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 3
- 4. 2. Liquid • Atoms are closely packed with no regular arrangement. • Assumes the shape of the part of its container. • Not easily compressible. • Flows easily(is a fluid). 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 4
- 5. 3. Solid • Atoms are closely packed with regular or irregular arrangement. • Have fixed volume and shape. • Not easily compressible. • Does not flow. 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 5
- 6. 4. Plasma • Is a hot ionized gas consisting of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons highly electrically conducting. • Exists inside fluorescent lamps,arc welding, lightning and inside some high temperature flames.(not candle flames) 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 6
- 7. Comparison 9/21/2021 Jonis V C, Dept.Of Physics,St.Xavier's College for women,Aluva 7