MATSCI 303 Project II Presentation
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The document proposes constructing a novel 3D lithium anode/current collector design to prevent dendrite formation in rechargeable batteries. It would involve fabricating holes in the current collector using lithography and coating the cathode-facing surface with a dense polymer to inhibit lithium growth. The aims are to demonstrate prevention of dendrite formation toward the cathode and improved cyclability. Key challenges include forming a stable SEI layer, electrolyte penetration issues, and maintaining conductivity while adding porosity. Experiments will test different geometries, analyze cyclability, and image pores to monitor dendrite growth over cycles. The goal is improved grid storage and automotive battery applications.
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MATSCI 303 Project II Presentation
- 1. Novel Current Collector for Rechargeable Batteries David Llanos, Nick Montes, Theodore Wou MATSCI 303: PROJECT 2
- 2. Content • Proposal Description & Schematic • Background & Significance • Specific Aims & Proposed Experiments • Key Technical Challenges
- 3. 3 Proposal Description Construct a 3-D Li anode/current collector designed so that dendrite formation does not occur in the direction of the cathode. We would do by: 1. Implementing a novel geometry for the anode/current collector design a. Holes fabricated using lithography or sol-gel templates 1. Utilizing a coating on the cathode facing surface to inhibit Li growth in that direction a. Utilize a highly dense polymer such as HDPE cathode current collector insulator porous current collector anode dendrites housing
- 4. 4 Background & Significance Z. Li et al. / J. Power Sources 254 (2014) 168-182 ❖ Reviewed failure mechanisms of lithium metal and lithium-ion anodes batteries, and methods to prevent dendrite formation. Yang, C.-P. et al.. Nat. Commun. 6:8058 ❖ Showed that a 3D current collector with a submicron skeleton and high electroactive surface area can significantly improve the electrochemical deposition behaviour of Li. Körner, C. and Singer, R. F. (2000), Adv. Eng. Mater., 2: 159–165. ❖ Reviewed the merits of various fabrication techniques of porous metals, with particular emphasis placed on the demands of the various applications and the suitability of each process to meet these demands.
- 5. 5 Specific Aims & Proposed Experiments Demonstrate prevention of dendrite formation in direction of cathode Demonstrate improved cyclability of lithium metal batteries Big Picture: ▪ Improved applications for energy storage › Grid storage › Automotive Testing of different current collector geometries (e.g. metal foams) • Cyclability analysis • Imaging of pores to monitor dendrite growth as a function of cycles (SEM) • Power density
- 6. 6 Key Technical Challenges Formation of SEI layer Electrolyte penetration issues Coating material of insulating layer on porous current collector surface Decreasing electrical conductivity of current collector from porosity Structural integrity of current collector Steiger,J. (2015) Mechanisms of Dendrite Growth in Lithium Metal Batteries (Doctoral Dissertation) Karlsruher Intitiute of Technology
- 7. References [1]: Yang, C.-P. et al. Accommodating lithium into 3D current collectors with a submicron skeleton towards long-life lithium metal anodes. Nat. Commun. 6:8058 doi: 10.1038/ncomms9058 (2015). [2]: Körner, C. and Singer, R. F. (2000), Processing of Metal Foams— Challenges and Opportunities. Adv. Eng. Mater., 2: 159–165. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1527-2648(200004)2:4<159::AID-ADEM159>3.0.CO;2-O [3]: Li, Z. et al. A review of lithium deposition in lithium-ion and lithium metal secondary batteries, J. Power Sources, 254, 168-182, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.099 (2014)