mastectomy and its types

1. Mastectomy and Its Types

2. Introduction to Mastectomy
• Surgical removal of one or both breasts
• Treats or prevents breast cancer

3. Indications for Mastectomy
• Breast cancer diagnosis
• Prophylactic mastectomy (e.g., BRCA1/2)
• Recurrent breast cancer
• Large or multiple tumors
• Patient preference

4. Types of Mastectomy (Overview)
• Total (Simple) Mastectomy
• Modified Radical Mastectomy
• Radical Mastectomy
• Skin-Sparing Mastectomy
• Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
• Double Mastectomy (Bilateral)

5. Total (Simple) Mastectomy
• Entire breast tissue removed
• No lymph nodes or muscles removed
• Often used in prophylactic cases

6. Modified Radical Mastectomy
• Entire breast tissue + axillary lymph nodes
removed
• Chest wall muscles preserved
• Common for invasive cancer

7. Radical Mastectomy
• Breast, lymph nodes, and chest muscles
removed
• Rare today
• For extensive cancer cases

8. Skin-Sparing Mastectomy
• Breast tissue removed, most skin preserved
• Suitable for immediate reconstruction
• Not for tumors near skin

9. Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
• Breast tissue removed, nipple and skin
preserved
• Cosmetic benefits
• Not for all cancer types/locations

10. Double (Bilateral) Mastectomy
• Both breasts removed
• Therapeutic or prophylactic
• Increasingly chosen by high-risk patients

11. Risk and Complications
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Lymphedema
• Sensation loss
• Psychological effects

12. Recovery and Postoperative Care
• 1–3 days hospital stay
• Drain management
• Pain control
• Physiotherapy
• Emotional support

13. Decision-Making Factors
• • Cancer stage/location
• • Genetic testing
• • Patient preferences
• • Surgeon advice

14. Thank you