The document discusses value chain finance and the government's role in it. It defines value chain finance as financial services and products flowing within and through a value chain. Value chain finance can be internal, between chain participants, or external from outside institutions. The government can help by identifying financing needs, tailoring financial products, reducing costs, and mitigating risks. The document lists various financial instruments used in agricultural value chains like trader credit, input supplier credit, and marketing company credit. It concludes that successful value chain financing requires strong financial institutions, organized producer groups, infrastructure, enforceable contracts, and engaged buyers.

1. GOVT ROLE IN VALUE CHAIN
FINANCE
BY T.PRIYADHARSHAN
1ST YEAR PG
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

2. Value chain…..

4. VALUE CHAIN IN FINANCE;
• The term “value chain finance” refers to the flows of funds to and among
the various links within a value chain.
• It relates to any or all of the financial services, products and support
services flowing to and/or through a value chain to address the needs
and constraints of those involved in that chain,
• Be it to obtain financing, or to secure sales, procure products, reduce
risk and/or improve efficiency within the chain….
•

5. Internal and External Forms of Finance:
• Internal value chain finance is financing that takes place within the
value chain, such as when a supplier provides credit to a farmer or
when a lead firm advances funds to a market intermediary
• External value chain finance is financing from outside the chain made
possible by value chain relationships and mechanisms; for example,
when a bank issues a loan to a farmer based on a contract with a
trusted buyer or a warehouse receipt from a recognized storage
facility.

6. Value chain in agriculture
• A ‘value chain’ in agriculture identifies the set of actors and activities
that bring a basic agricultural product from production in the field to final
consumption, where at each stage value is added to the product.

7. Value chain fn

8. . A value chain can be a vertical linking or a network between various independent business
organizations and can involve processing, packaging, storage, transport and distribution.
The terms “value chain” and “supply chain” are often used interchangeably.
Traditional agricultural value chains are generally governed through spot market transactions
involving a large number of small retailers and producers.
Modern value chains are characterized by vertical coordination, consolidation of the supply base, agro-
industrial processing and use of standards throughout the chain

9. Value Chain in Agriculture…..

10. Government ROLE IN VC
• Value chain finance offers an opportunity to expand financing for
agriculture, improve efficiency and repayments in financing, and
strengthen or consolidate linkages among participants in value chains. It
can improve quality and efficiency in financing agricultural chains by:
• Identifying the financing needed to strengthen the chain;
• Tailoring financial products to suit the needs of the participants in the
chain;
• Reducing financial transaction costs through the direct discounting of
loan payments at the time of product sale; and
• Using value chain linkages and knowledge of the chain to mitigate risks
to the chain and its partners

11. VC in agriculture

12. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS USED IN AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN
FINANCING
• Product financing
• Trader credit
• Traders advance funds to producers to be repaid, usually in kind, at the harvest
time. This allows traders to procure products, and provides a farmer with the
needed cash (for farm or livelihood usage) as well as a guaranteed sale of
outputs.
• Input supplier credit
• An input supplier advances agricultural inputs to farmers (or others in the VC) for
the repayment at the harvest or other agreed time. The cost of credit (interest) is
generally embedded into the price. Input supplier credit enables farmers to
access the needed inputs while increasing sales of suppliers.

13. • Marketing company credit…
• A marketing company, processor or other company provides credit in cash or in
kind to farmers, local traders or other value chain enterprises
• Lead firm financing
• A lead firm either provides direct finance to the value chain enterprises including
farmers, or the guaranteed sales agreements enabling access to finance from the
third party institutions.

14. Physical asset collateralization
• Warehouse receipts
• Repurchase agreements (Repos)
A buyer receives securities as collateral and agrees to repurchase
those at a later date.
• Financial lease (Lease-purchase)
A purchase on credit that is designed as a lease with an agreement
of the sale and ownership transfer once full payment is made.

17. Risk mitigation product
• Insurance
• Forward contracts
A sales agreement between two parties to buy/sell an asset
at a set price and at a specific point of time in the future, both variables
agreed to at the time of sale.
• Futures
Forward contracts that are standardized to be traded in
futures exchanges.

18. Financial enhancement
• – Securitization instrument:
• Cash flow producing financial assets are pooled and repacked into
securities that are sold to investors.
• – Loan guarantees:
• Agricultural loan guarantees are offered by 3rd parties (private or public)
to enhance the attractiveness of finance by reducing lending risks.
• – Joint venture finance;
• A form of shared owner equity finance between the private and/or public
partners or shareholders

19. VALUE CHAIN FINANCING activites IN INDIA
• – Integrated agriculture development projects
• – Warehouse construction financing
• – Warehouse receipt financing
• _Cold chain financing
• – Dairy financing
• – Contract farming
• –Funding start up entrepreneurs
• – Agricultural extension services and agricultural infrastructure
projects

20. VC based on….
The farmer, buyer and credit union should all be involved in deciding which
crop is the best suited for the value chain. Some factors to consider include:
– Crop value
Market demand
Availability of inputs – Ease of transport
Climate and growing conditions
Farmers’ experience and ability to perform labour
Monitoring crop performance
Receiving payment through credit union.

21. Value chain in SEEDS AND EDIBLE OIL…

22. Value chain in diary;

25. Value chain in tomato

26. Government activites

33. CONCLUSION For a successful value chain financing
• – Solid financial institutions that have offices near the producers and
are committed to the rural sector.
– Organized producer groups with market potential.
– Basic infrastructure including roads, electricity and telephone
networks.
Legal systems that enforce contracts and provide some type of the land
ownership documentation (not necessarily a title).
– End buyers who are willing to actively participate in the value chain.

34. TODAYS FARMERS SITUATION