The chapter discusses a teacher's role in guiding children. It states that teachers must first develop good relationships with children through demonstrating respect, acknowledging them, and paying attention without distractions. A teacher's caregiving style is defined by its level of responsiveness and demandingness. An authoritative style, which is high in both, is considered most positive and helps children feel secure, competent, and develop empathy and self-control. Authoritarian and permissive styles can negatively impact children's self-esteem and behavior. Teachers influence children through modeling, instruction, feedback, and managing their environment.

1. Guidance of Young Children
Tenth Edition
Chapter 1
A Teacher’s Role in
Guiding Children
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Learning Objectives
• Defend the idea that teachers must develop good
relationships with children to guide them effectively.
• Explain the two major dimensions of a teacher’s style of
caregiving.
• Describe major caregiving styles in terms of an adult’s
level of demandingness and responsiveness.
• Explain the basic processes through which teachers
influence children.

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Developing Good Relationships with
Children
First step in guiding children effectively: develop good
relationships with them
• Demonstrate respect and show interest
• Acknowledge and learn about children
• Find out what is important to children
• Pay attention (no texting, emailing, or other conversations)
• Show appreciation
• Show genuine enjoyment in your interactions with children

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Major Dimensions of Caregiving Styles
There are two dimensions of caregiving
• Responsiveness
• Demandingness

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Responsiveness Refers to an Adult
• Warmth
• Child development knowledge
• Belief that she/he is a partner with a child in any
interaction
• Communication style
• Willingness to give explanations

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Demandingness Refers to an Adult’s
Knowledge and Skills
• In setting boundaries, limits, and expectations
• In monitoring and supervising children
• With guidance strategies
• In confronting children when necessary

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Three Styles of Caregiving
There are three styles of caregiving
• Authoritative
• Authoritarian
• Permissive

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Authoritative
• Positive style
• High in “demandingness”
• High in “responsiveness”

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Permissive
The two forms of permissive include:
• Indulgent
• Uninvolved

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How are These Forms of Permissiveness the
Same? How are They Different?
Indulgent
• Low in demandingness
• Highly responsive to
children: warm, nurturing
• Made active choice to be
permissive
Uninvolved
• Low in demandingness
• Not very responsive to
children
• Does not want to be
permissive

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An Adult’s Style of Caregiving Affects
Children’s Development (1 of 4)
Authoritative caregiving helps children to feel:
• Safe
• Secure
• Competent

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An Adult’s Style of Caregiving Affects
Children’s Development (2 of 4)
Authoritative caregiving helps children to develop:
• Empathy
• Self-esteem
• Core of personal values
• Self-control
• Self-responsibility

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An Adult’s Style of Caregiving Affects
Children’s Development (3 of 4)
Authoritarian caregiving has a negative effect on children’s
development:
• Poor self-esteem
• Poor self-control
• Fosters aggression
• Does not stop unacceptable behavior

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An Adult’s Style of Caregiving Affects
Children’s Development (4 of 4)
Permissive caregiving has a negative effect on children’s
development:
• Poor impulse control
• Not self-reliant
• Not self-responsible

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How Adults Influence Children
Adults influence children through
• Modeling
• Instruction/teaching
• Giving feedback
• Managing the child’s environment
• Stating expectations for appropriate behavior
• Helping children understand ‘why’
• Helping children change their understanding and attitude

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