ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the impact of OLS-01, a proprietary formulation, on cognitive function
in individuals aged 35 to 75 years who suffer from cognitive dysfunction. The study was randomized, double-blind, and placebo-
controlled. Each capsule of OLS-01 contained Extract of Marigold flowers, which is equivalent to 10mg of Lutein and 1mg of
Zeaxanthin. The participants received two capsules of OLS-01 per day, providing a daily dose of 20mg of Lutein and 2mg of
Zeaxanthin. Methods: The study recruited 30 individuals who had been diagnosed with cognitive dysfunction resulting from
either Parkinson's disease or stroke. The participants were block-randomized and divided into two groups, G1 and G2. Group G1
received OLS-01, while Group G2 received a placebo for a duration of five weeks. Compliance was assessed by conducting
participant interviews and questionnaires. The participants underwent cognitive performance testing using the
Standardized Cognitive Assessment Revised (SCAr) at the beginning of the study and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Results: The SCAr
test results showed that 46.6% of the individuals in the treatment group exhibited notable improvement in cognitive abilities. In
contrast, none of the participants in the placebo group showed any improvement in cognitive function throughout the study period.
Conclusion: The results indicate that taking the Lutein supplement formulation OLS-01 for five weeks can
enhance cognitive function in people who suffer from cognitive dysfunction due to Parkinson's disease or stroke. These findings
suggest that OLS-01 supplementation could be a hopeful intervention for individuals seeking to preserve and enhance
their cognitive abilities. Findings of this study gives hope for further research on Cognitive benefits of OLS-01.
Keywords: Marigold Extract, Cognitive Performance, Mood In Adults, Stroke, Parkinson’s Disease
The primary onset of this study is to determine the short and longer term effects of dual task training gait on walking performance when dual tasking in people with Parkinson’s disease.. The aim of the study is to analyze the efficacy of dual task training to improve functional gait performance in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease subjects. Design and setting: A randomized controlled study design was used to examine the differences in conventional therapeutic exercises and conventional therapeutic exercises with specific external cueing strategies given between two groups. Subjects: A sample of 10 subjects with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease was screened using Timed up and go test (TUG Test) and those who scored 24% less was taken for the study .the subjects were of both genders aged between 50-75 years of age with medically stable patients. They were divided into two groups of control and experimental group.the study was done in Masterskill College of nursing and health. Outcome Measurement: Functional gait performance will be measured using the timed up and Go (TUG) test with added motor and cognitive tasks, participants will be asked to walk as quickly as they safely can under all conditions and will be permitted to use their usual gait aid. Results: Data Analysis of the subjects after dual task training led to a greater improvement in functional walking capacity and step length. The average percentage of improvement in timed up and go test is 53%. Conclusion: According to this study Dual task training had improved step length and functional walking capacity in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
Effects of yogic practices on polypharmacy Dr. Balaji P.A Dr. smitha r varne.pdfDrBalaji8
The occurrence and concurrency of Noncommunicable chronic diseases increase
with age, and therefore, the number of medications used increases
correspondingly. Polypharmacy is a scenario in which five medications or more
are consumed concurrently (regardless of dose and duration of consumption),
which leads to reduced quality of life, physical problems, increased drug
interactions, adverse effects, and medical complications and increases the cost
of treatment. Moreover, polypharmacy increases the incidence of falls, frequency
of hospital admission, length of stay, and the death rate among patients, especially
in the elderly population. This would allow therapies like Yoga, pranayama,
and meditation to act as an effective mainstay or adjunctive or alternative therapy
for many disorders, as it can be cost-effective, patient-compliant, and clinically
efficacious with the most negligible side effects. However, very few studies
have focused on the impact of yogic practices on reducing drug dosage or
polypharmacy among patients. Hence, a Medline English literature search was
planned to review all the studies demonstrating a dose-response effect between
yogic practices and the number/dosage of medication reduction in different
disorders. Data extracted and analyzed depicted that the practice of Yoga,
pranayama, and meditation can result not only in reducing the number of
medications but also the dosages in hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus,
bronchial asthma, arthritis, sleep disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD), gastrointestinal disorders like constipation and irritable bowel syndrome
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The primary onset of this study is to determine the short and longer term effects of dual task training gait on walking performance when dual tasking in people with Parkinson’s disease.. The aim of the study is to analyze the efficacy of dual task training to improve functional gait performance in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease subjects. Design and setting: A randomized controlled study design was used to examine the differences in conventional therapeutic exercises and conventional therapeutic exercises with specific external cueing strategies given between two groups. Subjects: A sample of 10 subjects with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease was screened using Timed up and go test (TUG Test) and those who scored 24% less was taken for the study .the subjects were of both genders aged between 50-75 years of age with medically stable patients. They were divided into two groups of control and experimental group.the study was done in Masterskill College of nursing and health. Outcome Measurement: Functional gait performance will be measured using the timed up and Go (TUG) test with added motor and cognitive tasks, participants will be asked to walk as quickly as they safely can under all conditions and will be permitted to use their usual gait aid. Results: Data Analysis of the subjects after dual task training led to a greater improvement in functional walking capacity and step length. The average percentage of improvement in timed up and go test is 53%. Conclusion: According to this study Dual task training had improved step length and functional walking capacity in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
Effects of yogic practices on polypharmacy Dr. Balaji P.A Dr. smitha r varne.pdfDrBalaji8
The occurrence and concurrency of Noncommunicable chronic diseases increase
with age, and therefore, the number of medications used increases
correspondingly. Polypharmacy is a scenario in which five medications or more
are consumed concurrently (regardless of dose and duration of consumption),
which leads to reduced quality of life, physical problems, increased drug
interactions, adverse effects, and medical complications and increases the cost
of treatment. Moreover, polypharmacy increases the incidence of falls, frequency
of hospital admission, length of stay, and the death rate among patients, especially
in the elderly population. This would allow therapies like Yoga, pranayama,
and meditation to act as an effective mainstay or adjunctive or alternative therapy
for many disorders, as it can be cost-effective, patient-compliant, and clinically
efficacious with the most negligible side effects. However, very few studies
have focused on the impact of yogic practices on reducing drug dosage or
polypharmacy among patients. Hence, a Medline English literature search was
planned to review all the studies demonstrating a dose-response effect between
yogic practices and the number/dosage of medication reduction in different
disorders. Data extracted and analyzed depicted that the practice of Yoga,
pranayama, and meditation can result not only in reducing the number of
medications but also the dosages in hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus,
bronchial asthma, arthritis, sleep disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD), gastrointestinal disorders like constipation and irritable bowel syndrome
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Case StudyMrs. A is a 71 year old widow with CHF and osteoarthriMaximaSheffield592
Case Study
Mrs. A is a 71 year old widow with CHF and osteoarthritis who has recently been exhibiting quite unusual behavior. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's ability to remain independent and wishes to pursue nursing home admission arrangements. She fears the development of a dementing illness. Over the last two to three months Mrs. A has become confused, easily fatigued and very irritable. She has developed disturbing obsessive/compulsive behavior constantly complaining that her lace curtains were dirty and required frequent washing. Detailed questioning revealed that she thought they were yellow-green and possibly moldy. Her prescribed medications are:
· Furosemide 40 mg daily in the morning
· Digoxin 250 micrograms daily
· Paracetamol 500 mg, 1-2 tablets 4-hourly PRN
· Piroxicam 20 mg at night
· Mylanta suspension, 20 ml PRN
· Coloxyl 120 mg, 1-2 tablets at night
Assignment Questions
1. Critically discuss this case study in terms of the problematic nature of this patient's pharmacological management.
2. Outline some pharmacokinetic changes in the geriatric population that may affect drug disposition.
3. Outline how changes in renal and hepatic function may affect treatment strategies.
4. In the drug regimen presented above – discuss potential side effects and potential interactions, if any?
5. Your response should include a discussion of the problems of polypharmacy as it is related to this case study and the assessment/management and educational strategies which could have been implemented to improve the outcome of Mrs. A.
Instructions
· Prepare and submit a 3-4 page paper [total] in length (not including APA format).
· Answer all the questions above.
· Support your position with examples.
· Please review the rubric to ensure that your assignment meets criteria.
· Submit the following documents to the Submit Assignments/Assessments area:
· Case Study: Polypharmacy
Here is an example of what it should look like
Case Study
Mrs. A is a 71-year-old widow with CHF and osteoarthritis who has recently been
exhibiting quite unusual behavior. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's ability
to remain independent and wishes to pursue nursing home admission arrangements.
She fears the development of a dementing illness. Over the last two to three months
Mrs. A has become confused, easily fatigued and very irritable. She has developed
disturbing obsessive/compulsive behavior constantly complaining that her lace curtains
were dirty and required frequent washing. Detailed questioning revealed that she
thought they were yellow-green and possibly moldy. Her prescribed medications are:
Furosemide 40 mg daily in the morning
Digoxin 250 micrograms daily
Paracetamol 500 mg, 1-2 tablets 4-hourly PRN
Piroxicam 20 mg at night
Mylanta suspension, 20 ml PRN
Coloxyl 120 mg, 1-2 tablets at night
Problematic of the patient's pharmacological management.
The problematic nature of this patient's pharmacological s management is inappr ...
Effects of souvenaid on plasma micronutrient levels and fatty acid profiles i...Nutricia
A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial
The efficacy of supplementation with the novel medical food, Souvenaid, in pa...Nutricia
The efficacy of supplementation with the novel medical food, Souvenaid, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Diet for the brain the right nutrition may prevent dementia rdns.com.aurdnscomau
At RDNS we believe one of the best ways to receive healthcare and remain independent is in the comfort and safety of your own home. That’s why, through life-changing events and throughout life’s changes, RDNS is by your side.
On any given day, we provide home nursing and healthcare to more than 9,500 people throughout Greater Melbourne, parts of regional Victoria, New South Wales and New Zealand. In any given year, we make more than 2 million visits to over 40,000 people, mainly in their own homes.
We offer a wide range of general and specialist care and we operate 24 hours a day, every day of the year. The care we provide enables you to remain in your own home so you can maintain your independence and have some say in your own healthcare.
Home nursing is also beneficial if you’re returning home from hospital. We can ease the transition out of a hospital bed and into the familiarity and comfort of your home environment more quickly.
Your needs are our primary concern, and we consider it a privilege to be allowed into your home to help you. To make sure you get the right care, we will look at your individual situation and prepare a personal, tailored healthcare plan. Where possible, we will also involve your family, friends or carer in planning your healthcare so everyone is part of the plan.
RDNS is also at the forefront of developing innovative home healthcare programs, so we’re always on the lookout for better ways to treat you.
RDNS staff number around 1,600, with over 1,200 nurses and 120 other staff providing personal care, who each year travel in excess of 8 million kilometres to deliver professional nursing and healthcare to those who require it. Basically, we are never far away.
When you need us, whoever you are and wherever you are, we are by your side.
How we are funded
Want to know how a not-for-profit healthcare agency gets to care for so many people? Click the heading to find out more information.
Annual reports
Tune in to what we’ve been doing – the money that’s been raised, how it’s been spent, innovations, celebrations, the works! Click heading for the latest reports.
פירוט הרכיבים הטבעיים שנמצאים ב Cane תוסף תזונה טבעי המסייע לחולי סוכרת להגיע לאיזון ברמות הסוכר שלהם. Cane הוא תוסף תזונה מבית קיורהלייף, חברה הדואגת לאיכות חייהם של החולים במחלות כרוניות.
http://www.cane-curalife.com/
Case StudyMrs. A is a 71 year old widow with CHF and osteoarthriMaximaSheffield592
Case Study
Mrs. A is a 71 year old widow with CHF and osteoarthritis who has recently been exhibiting quite unusual behavior. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's ability to remain independent and wishes to pursue nursing home admission arrangements. She fears the development of a dementing illness. Over the last two to three months Mrs. A has become confused, easily fatigued and very irritable. She has developed disturbing obsessive/compulsive behavior constantly complaining that her lace curtains were dirty and required frequent washing. Detailed questioning revealed that she thought they were yellow-green and possibly moldy. Her prescribed medications are:
· Furosemide 40 mg daily in the morning
· Digoxin 250 micrograms daily
· Paracetamol 500 mg, 1-2 tablets 4-hourly PRN
· Piroxicam 20 mg at night
· Mylanta suspension, 20 ml PRN
· Coloxyl 120 mg, 1-2 tablets at night
Assignment Questions
1. Critically discuss this case study in terms of the problematic nature of this patient's pharmacological management.
2. Outline some pharmacokinetic changes in the geriatric population that may affect drug disposition.
3. Outline how changes in renal and hepatic function may affect treatment strategies.
4. In the drug regimen presented above – discuss potential side effects and potential interactions, if any?
5. Your response should include a discussion of the problems of polypharmacy as it is related to this case study and the assessment/management and educational strategies which could have been implemented to improve the outcome of Mrs. A.
Instructions
· Prepare and submit a 3-4 page paper [total] in length (not including APA format).
· Answer all the questions above.
· Support your position with examples.
· Please review the rubric to ensure that your assignment meets criteria.
· Submit the following documents to the Submit Assignments/Assessments area:
· Case Study: Polypharmacy
Here is an example of what it should look like
Case Study
Mrs. A is a 71-year-old widow with CHF and osteoarthritis who has recently been
exhibiting quite unusual behavior. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's ability
to remain independent and wishes to pursue nursing home admission arrangements.
She fears the development of a dementing illness. Over the last two to three months
Mrs. A has become confused, easily fatigued and very irritable. She has developed
disturbing obsessive/compulsive behavior constantly complaining that her lace curtains
were dirty and required frequent washing. Detailed questioning revealed that she
thought they were yellow-green and possibly moldy. Her prescribed medications are:
Furosemide 40 mg daily in the morning
Digoxin 250 micrograms daily
Paracetamol 500 mg, 1-2 tablets 4-hourly PRN
Piroxicam 20 mg at night
Mylanta suspension, 20 ml PRN
Coloxyl 120 mg, 1-2 tablets at night
Problematic of the patient's pharmacological management.
The problematic nature of this patient's pharmacological s management is inappr ...
Effects of souvenaid on plasma micronutrient levels and fatty acid profiles i...Nutricia
A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial
The efficacy of supplementation with the novel medical food, Souvenaid, in pa...Nutricia
The efficacy of supplementation with the novel medical food, Souvenaid, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Diet for the brain the right nutrition may prevent dementia rdns.com.aurdnscomau
At RDNS we believe one of the best ways to receive healthcare and remain independent is in the comfort and safety of your own home. That’s why, through life-changing events and throughout life’s changes, RDNS is by your side.
On any given day, we provide home nursing and healthcare to more than 9,500 people throughout Greater Melbourne, parts of regional Victoria, New South Wales and New Zealand. In any given year, we make more than 2 million visits to over 40,000 people, mainly in their own homes.
We offer a wide range of general and specialist care and we operate 24 hours a day, every day of the year. The care we provide enables you to remain in your own home so you can maintain your independence and have some say in your own healthcare.
Home nursing is also beneficial if you’re returning home from hospital. We can ease the transition out of a hospital bed and into the familiarity and comfort of your home environment more quickly.
Your needs are our primary concern, and we consider it a privilege to be allowed into your home to help you. To make sure you get the right care, we will look at your individual situation and prepare a personal, tailored healthcare plan. Where possible, we will also involve your family, friends or carer in planning your healthcare so everyone is part of the plan.
RDNS is also at the forefront of developing innovative home healthcare programs, so we’re always on the lookout for better ways to treat you.
RDNS staff number around 1,600, with over 1,200 nurses and 120 other staff providing personal care, who each year travel in excess of 8 million kilometres to deliver professional nursing and healthcare to those who require it. Basically, we are never far away.
When you need us, whoever you are and wherever you are, we are by your side.
How we are funded
Want to know how a not-for-profit healthcare agency gets to care for so many people? Click the heading to find out more information.
Annual reports
Tune in to what we’ve been doing – the money that’s been raised, how it’s been spent, innovations, celebrations, the works! Click heading for the latest reports.
פירוט הרכיבים הטבעיים שנמצאים ב Cane תוסף תזונה טבעי המסייע לחולי סוכרת להגיע לאיזון ברמות הסוכר שלהם. Cane הוא תוסף תזונה מבית קיורהלייף, חברה הדואגת לאיכות חייהם של החולים במחלות כרוניות.
http://www.cane-curalife.com/
Similar to Marigold lutein and zeaxanthin 1.pdf (20)
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Struggling with intense fears that disrupt your life? At Renew Life Hypnosis, we offer specialized hypnosis to overcome fear. Phobias are exaggerated fears, often stemming from past traumas or learned behaviors. Hypnotherapy addresses these deep-seated fears by accessing the subconscious mind, helping you change your reactions to phobic triggers. Our expert therapists guide you into a state of deep relaxation, allowing you to transform your responses and reduce anxiety. Experience increased confidence and freedom from phobias with our personalized approach. Ready to live a fear-free life? Visit us at Renew Life Hypnosis..
1. Indian Journal of Medical and Allied Research
Volume 12, Issue 4, May 2023 pp 1-7. www.ijmar.in ISSN: 2278-0890
Page | 1
A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial To Evaluate The Efficacy Of
Marigold Extract On Cognitive Performance And Mood In Adults With Stroke And
Parkinson’s Disease
C A Anzar*1, Joseph M V1, C P Prasad1, Vadiraj G Bharawaj1, Prasanna Anjaneya Reddy Lebaka1,
Shobith Jagadeesh2
1. OLIVE LIFESCIENCES PVT LTD No.165/5, Near NH-4, Nelamangala, Bangalore – 562123, Karnataka, India
2. Clinical Research Millikatta Neuro Centre, Mallikatte, Kadri, Mangaluru, Karnataka 575002, India.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
Submitted: 09-3-2023 Accepted: 10-5-2023
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the impact of OLS-01, a proprietary formulation, on cognitive function
in individuals aged 35 to 75 years who suffer from cognitive dysfunction. The study was randomized, double-blind, and placebo-
controlled. Each capsule of OLS-01 contained Extract of Marigold flowers, which is equivalent to 10mg of Lutein and 1mg of
Zeaxanthin. The participants received two capsules of OLS-01 per day, providing a daily dose of 20mg of Lutein and 2mg of
Zeaxanthin. Methods: The study recruited 30 individuals who had been diagnosed with cognitive dysfunction resulting from
either Parkinson's disease or stroke. The participants were block-randomized and divided into two groups, G1 and G2. Group G1
received OLS-01, while Group G2 received a placebo for a duration of five weeks. Compliance was assessed by conducting
participant interviews and questionnaires. The participants underwent cognitive performance testing using the
Standardized Cognitive Assessment Revised (SCAr) at the beginning of the study and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Results: The SCAr
test results showed that 46.6% of the individuals in the treatment group exhibited notable improvement in cognitive abilities. In
contrast, none of the participants in the placebo group showed any improvement in cognitive function throughout the study period.
Conclusion: The results indicate that taking the Lutein supplement formulation OLS-01 for five weeks can
enhance cognitive function in people who suffer from cognitive dysfunction due to Parkinson's disease or stroke. These findings
suggest that OLS-01 supplementation could be a hopeful intervention for individuals seeking to preserve and enhance
their cognitive abilities. Findings of this study gives hope for further research on Cognitive benefits of OLS-01.
Keywords: Marigold Extract, Cognitive Performance, Mood In Adults, Stroke, Parkinson’s Disease
INTRODUCTION
Lutein and zeaxanthin belong to the carotenoid family of fat-
soluble nutrients. Lutein can be found in dark green leafy
vegetables like kale and spinach, as well as in egg yolks and
corn. Meanwhile, zeaxanthin is predominantly present in
yellow and orange foods such as egg yolks, corn, orange
capsicums, tangerines, persimmons, mandarins, and oranges
(PMID: 20608883, PMID: 23571649). These nutrients are
present in various parts of the body, including the eye, brain,
breast, and adipose tissue. Although lutein is not the most
prevalent carotenoid in our diet, it is the carotenoid with the
highest concentration in human brain tissue (PMID:
23840953). Lutein and zeaxanthin together account for
approximately 66 to 77% of the total carotenoid concentration
in the human brain tissue, and have been identified in various
areas of the brain including the hippocampus, cerebellum, and
frontal, occipital, and temporal cortices (PMID: 35252311).
Due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties, there is growing interest in their potential
neuroprotective effects.
Numerous studies have explored the relationship between the
dietary intake of carotenoids, such as lutein and zeaxanthin,
and cognitive health. These studies have consistently found a
positive association between lutein and zeaxanthin intake and
cognitive function. For instance, in middle-aged women, a
higher intake of lutein and/or zeaxanthin was linked with a
lower risk of experiencing moderate-to-poor cognitive
function (PMID: 32386230). Similarly, in older adults, higher
intake of lutein and/or zeaxanthin was associated with better
immediate and delayed word recall, as well as higher scores
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on cognitive-based measures in adults over 60 years old
(PMID: 30326796). Moreover, studies have found that higher
plasma concentrations of lutein and/or zeaxanthin were
related to better cognitive function in older adults, improved
visual-spatial functioning in older adults, and enhanced
relational memory performance in young and middle-aged
adults. Additionally, macular pigment optical density
(MPOD), a measure of lutein and zeaxanthin concentration in
the brain, was found to be positively associated with better
cognitive performance in older adults, adults with mild
cognitive impairment, and adults with age-related macular
degeneration (PMID: 29610850).
Stroke is a leading cause of cognitive dysfunction, including
impairments in memory, attention, executive function, and
language. The damage caused by stroke can disrupt neural
networks and alter the structural and functional connectivity
of the brain, leading to persistent cognitive deficits. Research
has shown that stroke-induced cognitive dysfunction is
associated with both gray matter and white matter alterations
including reductions in cortical thickness, changes in brain
activation patterns, and disruptions in white matter tracts
(PMID: 27090751). These changes can result in deficits in
various cognitive domains, including working memory,
attention, and language processing. Treatment options for
stroke-induced cognitive dysfunction are limited, and there is
currently no universally effective intervention.
Cognitive dysfunction is a significant clinical nonmotor
symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). It encompasses a range
of cognitive deficits, including mild cognitive impairment and
dementia, particularly executive dysfunction and other
impairments in speech, visual spatial ability, and memory.
Notably, cognitive dysfunction is found to be prevalent
among individuals with PD, including those who are newly
diagnosed. According to recent epidemiological studies, the
cumulative prevalence of Parkinson's disease dementia
(PDD) over an eight-year period is as high as 78.2%.
Furthermore, about 40% of PD patients at an earlier stage also
exhibit mild cognitive impairment, which substantially
increases their risk of developing PDD (PMID: 32269747).
Considering the reported benefits of lutein and prevalence of
cognitive dysfunctions in patients with stroke and/or
Parkinson’s disease, the objective of the current clinical study
was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of OLS-01. OLS-01 is
a product that is licenced under AYUSHas a proprietary
ayurvedic medicine. Each capsule under these codes contain
Extract of Marigold flowers equivalent to Lutein 10mg and
Zeaxanthin 1mg. These capsules were administered twice
daily which corresponds to 20mg of Lutein and 2mg of
Zeaxanthin as a daily dose.
The study is designed as a double-blind randomized placebo-
controlled trial, which means that neither the researchers nor
the participants know who is receiving the active treatment or
the placebo. The ethical clearance was obtained at Mangala
Institutional Ethics Committee vide letter Ref. No.
MIEC/V6.1/015 and the trial was registered at CTRI vide
registration Number CTRI/2022/06/043208 The study aims to
assess whether the formulation OLS-01 can improve
cognitive function, as well as to identify any potential side
effects or adverse reactions associated with its use.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Trial design - The trial was a randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled clinical study with two parallel treatment
groups. Healthy individuals aged between 35 to 75 years were
recruited from the community through advertising. After
screening, 30 participants were enrolled in the study and
block-randomized into two treatment groups G1 and G2 using
a computer-based randomization model. The study arms were
equally balanced regarding age and gender. To be eligible to
participate, individuals had to meet specific inclusion criteria,
including the ability to give informed consent, diagnosed with
required disease/severity/symptoms, and be willing to comply
with all trial requirements. Individuals had to meet exclusion
criteria such as significant renal or hepatic impairment,
scheduled elective surgery or other procedures requiring
general anaesthesia during the trial, or any significant disease
or disorder that could put the participants at risk or influence
the result of the trial. Female participants who were pregnant,
lactating, or planning pregnancy during the trial were also
excluded. See supplementary information for more details
Intervention - During the intervention period, participants in
the treatment group (G1) ingested two capsules daily,
containing marigold extract, standardized to Lutein 10 mg and
Zeaxanthin as 1 mg. Participants in the placebo group (G2)
consumed capsules which were similar to the capsules
provided to treatment group. The capsules were provided as
sealed bottles with 60 capsules each, and stored at room
temperature for the study's duration. The label on the bottles
contained a comprehensive set of information such as -
Manufacture date, Expiry date, Serial number assigned to the
trial dose, a clear indication that it was intended solely for
clinical trial purposes and not for commercial use, and a
warning that it was an investigational product. Additionally,
the label cautioned against taking a higher dosage, advised
that it be kept away from children and stored in a cool, dry
place, recommended taking the medication with water to
avoid swallowing difficulties, and suggested exercising
caution if experiencing any discomfort. Participants attended
the investigating units at baseline, 1st
2nd
3rd
4th
and 5th
weeks,
where they underwent cognitive testing and completed
questionnaires. Compliance was measured by counting the
number of returned capsules at the end of the study and by
participant interviews during the scheduled clinic visits.
Cognitive tests – During the visits, participants underwent a
battery of cognitive tests according to Standardized cognitive
assessment revised (SCAr). SCAr provides a comprehensive
evaluation of cognitive function across multiple domains. It
has been used in a wide range of clinical and research settings
to assess cognitive impairment in various neurological
conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease, the tests assess various cognitive abilities
(orientation, remote memory, digit repetition, word recall,
visual memory, word finding, reading comprehension,
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abstract thinking, calculation, writing, right/left orientation,
verbal comprehension, delayed word recall, word recognition,
copying, spatial reversal, ideometer, clock drawing, and
perseveration) in a quantitative manner.
The scores were recorded across 5 visits for the participants
were used as a measure to assess if there were any changes in
the cognitive abilities during the intervention period. Based
on these scores, the participants were assessed either as
“improved” or “no improvement”.
Statistical analysis: The sample size in each group for this
clinical trial was 15 and the efficacy of the intervention was
measured as two categorical outcomes –“improved” or “no
improvement”. Two tailed Fisher exact test was used to
measure the statistical significance using stats package in R
programming. Two tailed test was adapted to ensure the effect
of intervention is scored in either direction.
OLS-01 formulation: The OLS-01 used for treatment group
contains extract of Tagetes erecta (flower) standardized to
Lutein 10mg & Zeaxnthin 1 mg in Oil of Cocus nucifera
(MCT), packed into vegan capsules. For the placebo group,
capsules containing MCT oil 500 mg, packed into vegan
capsules were used.
RESULTS:
Participants and grouping: As described in materials and
methods, 30 participants diagnosed with cognitive
dysfunction due to Parkinson’s disease and/or Stroke, were
randomized into two groups – G1 or G2. Details of the
participants, their diagnosis, age and gender distributions are
as detailed in Table-1A, B, C, D, E.
Table-1A
PatientID Diagnosis
during the
recruitment
Group Age Gende
r
1001 PD & Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
51 Male
1002 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
40 Male
1003 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
64 Male
1004 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
59 Male
1005 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
61 Male
1006 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
50 Female
1007 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
49 Female
1008 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
60 Male
1009 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
38 Male
1010 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
53 Male
1011 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
70 Male
1012 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
53 Female
1013 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
38 Male
1014 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
56 Female
1015 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
45 Male
1016 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
71 Male
1017 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
65 Female
1018 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
62 Male
1019 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
51 Male
1020 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
52 Female
1021 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
63 Male
1022 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
63 Female
1023 Stroke 1, (OLS-
19-01)
65 Male
1024 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
58 Male
1025 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
60 Male
1026 PD 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
65 Male
1027 PD 1, (OLS-
19-01)
48 Male
1028 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
41 Female
1029 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
58 Female
1030 Stroke 2 , (OLS-
19-02)
63 Male
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Table – 1B Table – 1C Table – 1D
Gender Counts % Types of Patients recruited
Cross Table-1 (Patient categories
based on Gender)
Female 9 30 Number % Female Male
Male 21 70 PD 14 46.67 PD 4 10
PD & Stroke 1 3.33
PD &
Stroke 0 1
Stroke 15 34.88 Stroke 5 10
Table-1E
Cross Table-2 (Patient Groups based
on Gender)
Groups Female Male
G1,OLS-19-01 5 11
G2, OLS-19-02 4 10
Effect of OLS-01 treatment on cognitive functions: Each of the participants was administered either OLS-19-01 (group G1) or OLS-
19-02 Placebo capsules (group G2) twice daily for 5 weeks. Their cognitive performances were scored based on Standardized
cognitive assessment revised (SCAr) test as described in materials and methods. At the end of 5 weeks, based on the scores of the
SCAr assessment test, each of the participant were assessed as ‘Improved’ or ‘no improvement’ by qualified clinicians. The results
as shown in Table-2 and Figure-1.
Table-2A
PatientID Diagnosis
during the
recruitment
Group Age Gender Clinician
impression
1001 PD & Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
51 Male IMPROVED
1002 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
40 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1003 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
64 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1004 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
59 Male IMPROVED
1005 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
61 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1006 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
50 Female IMPROVED
1007 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
49 Female IMPROVED
1008 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
60 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1009 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
38 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1010 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
53 Male NO IMROVEMENT
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1011 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
70 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1012 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
53 Female NO IMROVEMENT
1013 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
38 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1014 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
56 Female IMPROVED
1015 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
45 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1016 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
71 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1017 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
65 Female IMPROVED
1018 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
62 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1019 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
51 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1020 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
52 Female NO IMROVEMENT
1021 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
63 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1022 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
63 Female NO IMROVEMENT
1023 Stroke 1, (OLS-19-
01)
65 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1024 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
58 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1025 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
60 Male IMPROVED
1026 PD 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
65 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1027 PD 1, (OLS-19-
01)
48 Male NO IMROVEMENT
1028 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
41 Female NO IMROVEMENT
1029 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
58 Female NO IMROVEMENT
1030 Stroke 2 , (OLS-19-
02)
63 Male NO IMROVEMENT
Table-2B Table-2C
Treatment outcomes based on Gender Treatment outcomes in different class of patients
Female Male PD PD&Stroke Stroke
IMPROVED 4 3 IMPROVED 4 1 2
NO IMPROVEMENT 1 8
NO
IMPROVEMENT 4 0 5
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Page | 6
Figure 1
As evident from the Figure-1, 46% of the people treated with
OLS-01 showed improvement in their cognitive performance.
Considering the sample size and type of variables measured,
Fishers exact test was used to score the significance of the
effect of OLS-01. A two tailed Fishers exact test resulted in
the p value of 0.007305, indicating a strong association
between the intervention and the outcome.
Discussion and conclusion: The brain's activity plays a vital
role in cognitive function, behaviour, and subjective
experience. Neural networks interact to produce mental
activity. Aging causes changes in neural cell assemblies
leading to cognitive decline, necessitating larger portions of
networks to complete the same task, slowing down dynamic
cognition compared to static functions (PMID: 8759042).
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease,
conditions such as stroke are debilitating conditions that
significantly impact cognitive function. These disorders affect
the nervous system, resulting in the loss of nerve cells and
synapses, leading to cognitive decline. Several interventions
have been proposed, including pharmaceuticals, cognitive
rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes, but they often provide
only modest benefits. Therefore, there is a growing interest in
exploring the potential of health supplements to improve
cognitive function. While several interventions have been
proposed to improve cognitive function in patients with
neurodegenerative disorders, there is still a significant need
for safe and effective health supplements to address the
cognitive decline associated with these conditions.
Lutein, a dietary antioxidant found in green leafy vegetables,
has potential for maintaining brain structure by reducing
chronic oxidative stress (PMID: 26566524). The brain is
highly vulnerable to damage from chronic inflammation, and
Lutein and Zeaxanthin (L and Z) have potent anti-
inflammatory properties (PMID: 22465791). However, it
remains uncertain whether such dietary components that
prevent loss are effective in later life, after significant loss has
already occurred.
Preliminary data suggests that supplementing L and Z in
younger individuals increases systemic levels of brain-
derived neural growth factor compared to a placebo (PMID:
28661438). Additionally, clinical trials have found that L and
Z supplementation increases visual processing speed and
reaction times in younger individuals (PMID: 25251377,
PMID: 25483230). In our study, the patients belonging to
debilitating conditions such as Parkinson’s disease and stroke
were employed to evaluate the effect of OLS-01. The study
results indicate that about 46% of the patients who consumed
OLS-01 showed significant improvement in cognitive
functions.
Our results showed that supplementing with OLS-01 for 5
weeks, can result in significant improvements in cognitive
performance compared to the placebo group. Specifically, in
treatment group 46% of the patients showed significant
improvement in cognitive functions such as memory,
attention, and executive function. The intervention was well-
tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported.
These findings suggest that Marigold extract standardised to
Lutein and Zeaxanthin, holds promise as a potential
intervention for cognitive dysfunction and may improve
quality of life in affected individuals.
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