Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights and Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R. Petrick

Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights
and Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R.
Petrick download
https://ebookultra.com/download/making-computers-accessible-
disability-rights-and-digital-technology-1st-edition-elizabeth-r-
petrick/
Explore and download more ebooks or textbooks
at ebookultra.com

Here are some recommended products for you. Click the link to
download, or explore more at ebookultra.com
Disability Rights and Wrongs 1st Edition Tom Shakespeare
https://ebookultra.com/download/disability-rights-and-wrongs-1st-
edition-tom-shakespeare/
Studying Disability Multiple Theories and Responses 1st
Edition Elizabeth G. Depoy
https://ebookultra.com/download/studying-disability-multiple-theories-
and-responses-1st-edition-elizabeth-g-depoy/
Digital Research Inventing With Computers The Digital
World 1st Edition Ananda Mitra
https://ebookultra.com/download/digital-research-inventing-with-
computers-the-digital-world-1st-edition-ananda-mitra/
Computers Software Engineering and Digital Devices Richard
C. Dorf
https://ebookultra.com/download/computers-software-engineering-and-
digital-devices-richard-c-dorf/

Digital Music Computers That Make Music The Digital World
1st Edition Ananda Mitra
https://ebookultra.com/download/digital-music-computers-that-make-
music-the-digital-world-1st-edition-ananda-mitra/
The Minority Body A Theory of Disability 1st Edition
Elizabeth Barnes
https://ebookultra.com/download/the-minority-body-a-theory-of-
disability-1st-edition-elizabeth-barnes/
Disability Rights and the American Social Safety Net 1st
Edition Jennifer L. Erkulwater
https://ebookultra.com/download/disability-rights-and-the-american-
social-safety-net-1st-edition-jennifer-l-erkulwater/
Computers phones and the Internet domesticating
information technology 1st Edition Robert Kraut
https://ebookultra.com/download/computers-phones-and-the-internet-
domesticating-information-technology-1st-edition-robert-kraut/
Disability Citizenship and Community Care A Case for
Welfare Rights 1st Edition Kirstein Rummery
https://ebookultra.com/download/disability-citizenship-and-community-
care-a-case-for-welfare-rights-1st-edition-kirstein-rummery/

Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights and
Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R. Petrick
Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Elizabeth R. Petrick
ISBN(s): 9781421416472, 1421416476
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 27.02 MB
Year: 2015
Language: english

This page intentionally left blank

Making Computers Accessible
Disability Rights and Digital Technology
Elizabeth R. Petrick
Johns Hopkins University Press
Baltimore

© 2015 Johns Hopkins University Press
All rights reserved. Published 2015
Printed in the United States of America on acid-
free paper
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Johns Hopkins University Press
2715 North Charles Street
Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363
www.press.jhu.edu
Library of Congress Cataloging-
in-Publication Data
Petrick, Elizabeth, 1978–
Making computers accessible : disability rights and digital technology /
Elizabeth Petrick.
pages cm. — (History of science, technology, and medicine)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4214-1646-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-4214-1647-2
(electronic) —ISBN 1-4214-1646-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) —
ISBN 1-4214-1647-6 (electronic) 1. Computers and people with
disabilities—
United States. 2. Assistive computer technology—
United States. 3. Microcomputers—
Social aspects—
United States. I. Title.
HV1569.5.P47 2015
004.16087—
dc23 2014033485
A cata
log record for this book is available from the British Library.
Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more
information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or
specialsales@press.jhu.edu.
Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials,
including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent
post-
consumer waste, whenever possible.

Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction. The Development of Accessible Personal
Computer Technologies 1
1 Disability Rights and Technology before the Personal Computer 9
2 Early Personal Computer Accessibility, 1980–1987 35
3 Corporate Philanthropy and the National Special
Education Alliance 73
4 The Growth of Disability Rights and Accessible
Computer Technologies 98
5 Accessibility and Software Applications in the 1990s 120
Conclusion. The Promises of Personal Computers 152
Notes 161
A Note on Theory, Method, and Sources 179
Index 191

Acknowledgments
This book would not have been possible without the help and guidance of many
people. I began this project as a PhD student in History and Science Studies at
the University of California, San Diego. I would like to thank my graduate advisor,
Cathy Gere, who did her best to make me a better writer, and I will always appreci-
ate it. I also want to thank Charles Thorpe for making the time to run a disserta-
tion workshop group with all of his students; his and their feedback was invalu-
able, particularly in helping me to consider interdisciplinary views. I am grateful
to Tal Golan, Robert Westman, and Kelly Gates for their encouragement and
feedback along the way. The graduate students also helped me, throughout my
time there, by letting me bounce ideas off of them and providing necessary critique,
in par
tic
u
lar: Kevin Walsh, Emily Lee, Monica Hoffman, Katrina Petersen, Krystal
Tribbett-McCants, Bob Long, Leah Cluff, and Jon Stern.
I would also like to thank some of the people this book is about, whose history
I have told, especially the Brand family and Alan Brightman. Their work to pro-
mote accessible computer technologies for people with disabilities made this book
possible and also gave me an often intimate look at the role of individual people
in the technology development pro
cess. The materials on their work and that of
others mostly came from oral history interviews they conducted and from the
archive at the Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. In addi-
tion, Alan met and talked with me, offering me much-
needed insights into the
accessibility work done at Apple Computer. Jackie Brand provided me with signifi-
cant materials from her personal collection, both photographs and documents,
and encouraged my telling of this history. I thank her daughter, Shoshana Brand,
for allowing me to share images of her own use of accessible personal computer
technology and thus put a face to the significance of this technology.
I also appreciate Robert J. Brugger at Johns Hopkins University Press for his
patience and assistance in guiding me through this publication pro
cess. I am grate-
ful as well for the feedback in the review done by Howard Segal from the University
of Maine.

viii Acknowledgments
I cannot thank my friends and family enough for their support in getting me

here and enabling me to complete this book. In par
tic
u
lar, I want to thank Holly
Zynda for her copyediting expertise, Kristofer Lee for endless conversations in
which I mulled over problems, and Matt McGuire for providing me with operat-
ing system images. Finally, I never could have done this without the support of my
parents, who encouraged me to change disciplines entirely, from computer science
to history, and work toward a goal that seemed a very long way off when I started.

Introduction
The Development of Accessible
Personal Computer Technologies
With regard to the major physical and sensory disabilities, I believe that in
a couple of de
cades we will come to herald the effective end of handicaps.
As amplifiers of human thought, computers have great potential to assist
human expression and to expand creativity for all of us.
raymond kurzweil, the age of spiritual machines:
when computers exceed human intelligence
In 1974, not long after developing the first optical character recognition technol-
ogy that could recognize any printed text, Raymond Kurzweil sat next to a blind
man on a plane flight. Kurzweil was searching for a use for his new software—
looking for a problem to which the software might provide the solution. At this
time, no computer program existed which could translate text of any font into
speech for blind people to understand. The man on the flight described this limi-
tation as “the only real handicap” his blindness presented. Kurzweil, a computer
technology developer and later futurist phi
los
o
pher, decided that this would be the
use to which he would put his new innovation, to “overcome this principal hand-
icap of blindness,” as he saw it—that is, the inability to read printed texts.1
By 1976,
the Kurzweil Reading Machine existed as a working prototype that could scan
printed texts and translate them into speech. People expressed immediate inter-
est in the technology; after seeing it featured on the Today Show, Stevie Wonder
contacted Kurzweil’s company and was given their second-ever version of the ma-
chine.2
The Kurzweil Reading Machine would set the bar for other text-to-speech
software in terms of accuracy and vocabulary. The Reading Machine was not Kurz-
weil’s only accessible technology innovation. In 1982, his company created the
Kurzweil Voice, general purpose dictation software that was the descendent of spe-
cialized medical dictation technology. Kurzweil found that this software was par-
ticularly useful for people whose disability affected the use of their hands; it allowed
them to compose text in word-
processing software by speaking.3
These early

2 Making Computers Accessible
accessible computer technologies placed Kurzweil at the forefront of innovations
for people with disabilities and demonstrated the possibilities of computers to im-
prove people’s lives.
Looking toward the future, Kurzweil predicted that one day advanced computer
technologies would eradicate disability itself, first by accommodating all the needs
of people with disabilities and later by fixing their bodies. In Kurzweil’s vision of
the future, computer technology created for people with disabilities acted as the
first step in people transcending the limitations of their bodies, thus altering what
it means to be human. This transhumanist utopian vision descends from utopian
ideals dating back to Plato and defined by Thomas More’s 1516 novel, Utopia. Kurz-
weil’s utopia follows from Enlightenment dreams that flowed into the Industrial
Revolution and looked not to an ideal society hidden away, waiting to be found,
but to the future, when science and technology would inevitably improve society
to a point where utopia might be attainable.4
For most utopianists, the Christian
belief in original sin prevented the full realization of any true utopian society for
human beings; they could only be improved upon, not made perfect. Unlike this
idea of an inherently limited utopia, Kurzweil’s vision of a better future is one where
all problems with the human body are fixed by technology, and, ultimately, the
body itself is left behind. Technology is capable of solving all human physical prob-
lems, eliminating the barriers that prevent certain people from fully participating
in society but also offering the potential to transform human existence itself. Tech-
nologists, Kurzweil believed, could aid the creation of this future by working on
innovations that aided people in the present.
Disability and technology activists also looked at developing computer technol-
ogy and saw its potential to overcome barriers and improve the lives of people with
disabilities, taking a celebratory perspective toward the use of computers. Unlike
Kurzweil, however, these activists did not reach toward a utopia in some distant
future. Instead they focused on the daily reality of people with disabilities strug-
gling for fuller participation in society. Theirs was a more pragmatic vision of tech-
nological potential, promoting the development of computer technologies, such as
those Kurzweil himself created, but with an emphasis on the unique needs of in-
dividuals and the often messy realities of using technology to augment their abil-
ities. Disability activists focused on people with disabilities as technology users,
as people who might incorporate technology into their lives in order to meet their
individual needs and desires.
Throughout the history of accessible computer technologies, people with dis-
abilities acted as the paradigmatic computer users. Technology created for their

Introduction 3
use was the foundation for technologies intended to augment all humans, a goal
in line with Kurzweil’s arguments for technology benefiting people. Developers
had to design specifically for people with disabilities in mind—making their needs
primary—
before they could expand the scope of computer technology to include
everyone. This was not a one-
way relationship between developers and users,
however; people with disabilities and nondisabled activists pushed for changes to
personal computers that would make them more inclusive of different needs. This
history of the creation of accessible personal computer technologies did not play
out in a futurist vision of ever-
accelerating technological progress toward a state
of bodilessness but rather in the actual development of personal computer tech-
nologies for people with disabilities. Innovators, users, activists, and policy mak-
ers worked to build an inclusive technology instead of one developed according
to ideas of normalcy that excluded people with disabilities, to put their needs at
the forefront of the development pro
cess.
The role of everyday users, and people with disabilities in particular, lies mostly
unexplored within the history of computers. This history tells us about the influ-
ences of the military and counterculture in creating computers and embedding
them with values that influenced the place of the technology in society, as well as
about the importance of innovators, companies, and computer professionals. Hack-
ers or people who blur the line between users and developers, such as hobbyists
or computer professionals, generally define the “user.” We know less about how
everyday consumers play a part in the development of computers or how the de-
sign of technology affects people’s use of it. From the perspective of people with
disabilities, various rich histories detail the civil rights struggle and the use of
assistive technologies, but fewer studies examine everyday technologies. The
history of accessible personal computer technologies for people with disabilities
combines the history of computers and the history of people with disabilities in
order to understand the role of users in the development of computers and the
significance of computers in the lives of users.
By accommodating physical needs, personal computer technology played a po
liti
cal role in the historical enactment of civil rights for people with disabilities.
The development of accessible technologies intersected with the history of civil
rights and the emergence of identity politics; as disability became an identity that
people could claim and as their consciousness as a marginalized population within
society grew, people with disabilities increasingly advocated for changes to the so-
cial environment that would address concerns about equity. Technological accom-
modation, in the form of personal technology and in the public built environment,

4 Making Computers Accessible
is necessary for people with disabilities to experience full participation in a soci-
ety that has not been built with their needs in mind. Technology alone, however,
does not change anyone’s lives for the better; people must be aware of it, and it must
be available to them for its benefits to be realized. This element of technological
development and use does not appear in Kurzweil’s account of technology and so-
ciety. Activists created social technologies, in the form of networked advocacy
groups, to share information and disseminate knowledge to consumers. In some
instances, federal antidiscrimination legislation was necessary to mandate access
to computer technologies.
Accessible personal computer technology took three forms during this history:
a political technology, which made equity possible; a legal technology, which was
required and funded by the federal government; and a social technology, which
created new forms of information sharing and communication. For its potential
as a political technology to be realized, developers needed to build these technolo-
gies into the personal computer, and corporate philanthropy played an essential
role in creating accessible computer technologies and supplying them to users. First
though, developers had to rethink who counted as a user in order for these tech-
nologies to work for a variety of uses. By embracing the values behind what
would become universal design, developers met the needs of different people by
creating technologies that
were flexible enough to accommodate bodily varia-
tions. This approach started with hardware and the physical input and output
devices people use to interact with the computer, then it was applied to creating
software that allowed people to experience the same computer functions in dif-
ferent ways. The federal government mandated some of these accessibility devel-
opments in order for the civil rights potential of the technology to be realized. As
a social technology, the personal computer was a part of its own network of
technological dissemination—
informing people of what was available and what
was possible. On a more personal level, the technology also enabled new forms
of communication for users. These three aspects of the development of accessible
personal computer technology fit in well with Kurzweil’s philosophy of technol-
ogy changing individual lives, but beyond the personal lay a social level absent
from his view, where technology was built within companies, promoted and dis-
seminated by activists, talked about and requested by users, and legislated by the
government.
All three aspects of the technology—
political, legal, and social—
came together
in the form of technological accommodations to enact civil rights. For these rights
to be realized, access had to be built into the technology. The hard, messy process

Random documents with unrelated
content Scribd suggests to you:

Edited By Ernest Hartley Coleridge
CONTENTS OF VOL. IV.
Preface to Vol. IV. of the Poems v
The Prisoner of Chillon.
Introduction to The Prisoner of Chillon 3
Sonnet on Chillon 7
Advertisement 9
The Prisoner of Chillon 13
Poems of July-September, 1816. The Dream.
Introduction to The Dream 31
The Dream. First published, Prisoner of Chillon, etc.,
1816 33
Darkness. First published, Prisoner of Chillon, etc.,
1816 42
Churchill's Grave. First published, Prisoner of Chillon,
etc., 1816 45
Prometheus. First published, Prisoner of Chillon, etc.,
1816 48
A Fragment. First published, Letters and Journals,
1830, ii. 36 51
Sonnet to Lake Leman, First published, Prisoner of
Chillon, etc., 1816 53
Stanzas to Augusta. First published, Prisoner of
Chillon, etc., 1816 54
Epistle to Augusta. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, ii. 38-41 57

Lines on hearing that Lady Byron was Ill. First
published, 1831 63
Monody on the Death of the Right Hon. R. B. Sheridan.
Introduction to Monody, etc. 69
Monody on the Death of the Right Hon. R. B.
Sheridan, Spoken at Drury Lane Theatre, London 71
Manfred: A Dramatic Poem.
Introduction to Manfred 79
Manfred 85
The Lament of Tasso.
Introduction to The Lament of Tasso 139
Advertisement 141
The Lament of Tasso 143
Beppo: A Venetian Story.
Introduction to Beppo 155
Beppo 159
Ode on Venice.
Ode on Venice 193
Mazeppa.
Introduction to Mazeppa 201
Advertisement 205
Mazeppa 207
The Prophecy of Dante.
Introduction to The Prophecy of Dante 237
Dedication 241
Preface 243
The Prophecy of Dante. Canto the First 247
Canto the Second 255
Canto the Third 261
Canto the Fourth 269
The Morgante Maggiore of Pulci.

Introduction to The Morgante Maggiore 279
Advertisement 283
The Morgante Maggiore. Canto the First 285
Francesca Of Rimini.
Introduction to Francesca of Rimini 313
Francesco of Rimini 317
Marino Faliero, Doge of Venice: an Historical Tragedy.
Introduction to Marino Faliero 325
Preface 331
Marino Faliero 345
Appendix 462
The Vision Of Judgment.
Introduction to The Vision of Judgment 475
Preface 481
The Vision of Judgment 487
Poems 1816-1823.
A very Mournful Ballad on the Siege and Conquest of
Alhama. First published, Childe Harold, Canto IV.,
1818 529
Sonetto di Vittorelli. Per Monaca 535
Translation from Vittorelli. On a Nun. First published,
Childe Harold, Canto IV., 1818 535
On the Bust of Helen by Canova. First published,
Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 61 536
[Venice. A Fragment.] MS. M 537
So we'll go no more a-roving. First published, Letters
and Journals, 1830, ii. 79 538
[Lord Byron's Verses on Sam Rogers.] Question and
Answer. First published, Fraser's Magazine, January,
1833, vol. vii. pp. 82-84 538
The Duel. MS. M 542

Stanzas to the Po. First published, Conversations of
Lord Byron, 1824 545
Sonnet on the Nuptials of the Marquis Antonio Cavalli
with the Countess Clelia Rasponi of Ravenna. MS. M 547
Sonnet to the Prince Regent. On the Repeal of Lord
Edward Fitzgerald's Forfeiture. First published, Letters
and Journals, ii. 234, 235 548
Stanzas. First published, New Monthly Magazine,
1832 549
Ode to a Lady whose Lover was killed by a Ball,
which at the same time shivered a portrait next his
heart. MS. M. 552
The Irish Avatar. First published, Conversations of
Lord Byron, 1824 555
Stanzas written on the Road between Florence and
Pisa. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830, ii.
566, not 562
Stanzas to a Hindoo Air. First published, Works of
Lord Byron 563
To —— First published, New Monthly Magazine, 1833 564
To the Countess of Blessington. First published,
Letters and Journals, 1830 565
Aristomanes. Canto First. MS. D. 566
The Blues: A Literary Eclogue.
Introduction to The Blues 569
The Blues. Eclogue the First 573
Eclogue the Second 580

THE WORKS OF LORD BYRON.
Vol. V.

Poetry
CONTENTS OF VOL. V
Preface to Vol. V. of the Poems v
Sardanapalus: A Tragedy.
Introduction to Sardanapalus 3
Dedication 7
Preface 9
Sardanapalus 13
The Two Foscari: An Historical Tragedy.
Introduction to The Two Foscari 115
The Two Foscari 121
Cain: A Mystery.
Introduction to Cain 199
Dedication 205
Preface 207
Cain 213
Heaven and Earth; A Mystery.
Introduction to Heaven and Earth 279
Heaven and Earth 285

Werner; or, The Inheritance: A Tragedy.
Introduction to Werner 325
Note to the Introduction to Werner 329
Dedication 335
Preface 337
Werner 341
Werner. [First Draft.] 453
The Deformed Transformed: A Drama.
Introduction to The Deformed Transformed 469
Advertisement 473
The Deformed Transformed 477
Fragment of the Third Part of The Deformed
Transformed
531
The Age of Bronze; or, Carmen Seculare et Annus haud
Mirabilis.
Introduction to The Age of Bronze 537
The Age of Bronze 541
The Island; or, Christian and his Comrades.
Introduction to The Island 581
Advertisement 585
The Island. Canto the First 587
Canto the Second 598
Canto the Third 618
Canto the Fourth 626

THE WORKS OF LORD BYRON,
Vol. VI.

CONTENTS OF VOL. VI.
Dedication v
Preface to Vol. VI. of the Poems vii
Introduction to DON JUAN xv
Dedication to Robert Southey, Esq. 3
DON JUAN—
Canto I 11
Canto II 81
Canto III 143
Canto IV 183
Canto V 218
Preface to Cantos VI., VII., and VIII 264
Canto VI 268
Canto VII 302
Canto VIII 330
Canto IX 373
Canto X 400
Canto XI 427
Canto XII 455
Canto XIII 481
Canto XIV 516
Canto XV 544

Canto XVI 572
Canto XVII 608
THE WORKS OF LORD BYRON,
Vol. VII.

CONTENTS OF VOL. VII.
Preface to Vol. VII. of the Poems. v Jeux d'Esprit and Minor Poems,
1798-1824. Epigram on an Old Lady who had some Curious
Notions respecting the Soul. First published, Letters and Journals,
1830, i. 28. 1 Epitaph on John Adams, of Southwell. First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 106. 1 A Version of
Ossian's Address to the Sun. First published, Atlantic Monthly,
December, 1898. 2 Lines to Mr. Hodgson. Written on board the
Lisbon Packet. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 230-
232. 4 [To Dives. A Fragment.] First published, Lord Byron's Works,
1833, xvii. 241. 7 Farewell Petition to J. C. H., Esqre
. First
published, Murray's Magazine, 1887, vol. i. pp. 290, 291. 7
Translation of the Nurse's Dole in the Medea of Euripides. First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 227. 10 My Epitaph. First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 240. 10 Substitute for an
Epitaph. First published, Lord Byron's Works, 1832, ix. 4. 11
Epitaph for Joseph Blacket, late Poet and Shoemaker. First
published, Lord Byron's Works, 1832, ix. 10. 11 On Moore's Last
Operatic Farce, or Farcical Opera. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, i. 295 (note). 12 [S. M. Dallas.] First published,
Life, Writings, Opinions, etc., 1825, ii. 192. 12
An Ode to the Framers of the Frame Bill. First
published, Morning Chronicle, March 2, 1812. 13
To the Honorable Mr. George Lamb. First published, The
Two Duchesses, by Vere Foster, 1898, p. 374. 15
[La Revanche.] MS.M. 15
To Thomas Moore. Written the Evening before his Visit
to Mr. Leigh Hunt in Horsemonger Lane Gaol, May 19,

1813. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i.
401. 16
On Lord Thurlow's Poems. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, i. 396. 17
To Lord Thurlow. First published, Letters and Journals,
1830, i. 397. 19
The Devil's Drive. First published (stanzas 1-5, 8, 10-12,
17, 18), Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 471-474; and
(stanzas 6, 7, 9, 13-16, 19-27) from a MS. in the
possession of the Earl of Ilchester. 21
Windsor Poetics. First published, Poetical Works, Paris,
1819, vi. 125. 35
[Another Version.] On a Royal Visit to the Vaults. From
an autograph MS. in the possession of the Hon. Mrs.
Norbury, now for the first time printed. 36
Ich Dien. From an autograph MS. in the possession of
Mr. A. H. Hallam Murray, now for the first time printed.
36
Condolatory Address, To Sarah Countess of Jersey. First
published, The Champion, July 31, 1814. 37
Fragment of an Epistle to Thomas Moore. First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 561, 562
(note). 39
Answer to——'s Professions of Affection. MS. 40
On Napoleon's Escape from Elba. First published,
Letters and Journals, 1830, i. 611. 41
Endorsement to the Deed of Separation, in the April of
1816. First published, Poetical Works, 1831, vi. 454. 41
[To George Anson Byron (?).] First published, Nicnac,
March 25, 1823. 41
Song for the Luddites. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, ii. 58. 42
To Thomas Moore ("What are you doing now?"). First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 58, 59. 23
To Mr. Murray ("To hook the Reader," etc.). First
published, Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 91. 44

Versicles. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830, ii.
87. 45
Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat. First
published, Letters, 1900, iv. 93. 45
To Thomas Moore ("My boat is on the shore"). First
published, Waltz, London, 1821, p. 29. 46
Epistle from Mr. Murray to Dr. Polidori. First published,
Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 139-141. 47
Epistle to Mr. Murray. First published (stanzas 1, 2, 4, 7-
9), Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 156, 157; and
(stanzas 3, 5, 6, 10, 11) Letters, 1900, iv. 191-193. 51
On the Birth of John William Rizzo Hoppner. First
[E Nihilo Nihil; or, An Epigram Bewitched.] MS.M. 55
To Mr. Murray. First published, Letters and Journals,
1830, ii. 171. 56
Ballad. To the Tune of "Sally in our Alley." MS.M. 58
Another Simple Ballat. MS.M. 61
Epigram. From the French of Rulhiéres. First published,
Letters and Journals, 1830, ii. 235. 62
Epilogue. First published, Philadelphia Record,
December 28, 1891. 63
On my Wedding-Day. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, ii. 294. 64
Epitaph for William Pitt. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, ii. 295. 64
Epigram ("In digging up your bones, Tom Paine"). First
Epitaph ("Posterity will ne'er survey"). First published,
Lord Byron's Works, 1833, xvii. 246. 65
Epigram ("The world is a bundle of hay"). First
My Boy Hobbie O. First published, Murray's Magazine,
March, 1887, vol. i. pp. 292, 293. 66

Lines, Addressed by Lord Byron to Mr. Hobhouse on his
Election for Westminster. First published, Miscellaneous
Poems, 1824. 69
A Volume of Nonsense. First published, Letters, 1900, v.
83.70
Stanzas. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830, ii.
377. 70
To Penelope. First published, Medwin's Conversations,
1824 p. 106. 71
The Charity Ball. First published, Letters and Journals,
1830, ii. 540. 71
Epigram, On the Braziers' Address, etc. First published,
On my Thirty-third Birthday. First published, Letters and
Journals, 1830, ii. 414. 73
Martial, Lib. I. Epig. I. First published, Lord Byron's
Works, 1833, xvii. 245. 74
Bowles and Campbell. First published, The Liberal,
1823, No. II. p. 398. 74
Elegy. First published, Medwin's Conversations, 1824, p.
121. 75
John Keats. First published, Letters and Journals, 1830,
ii. 506. 76
From the French ("Ægle, beauty and poet," etc.). First
published, The Liberal, 1823, No. II. p. 396. 76
To Mr. Murray ("For Orford," etc.). First published,
[Napoleon's Snuff-box.] First published, Conversations
of Lord Byron, 1824, p. 235. 77
The New Vicar of Bray. First published, Works
(Galignani), 1831, p. 116. 78
Lucietta. A Fragment. MS.M. 81
Epigrams. First published, The Liberal, No. I. October
18, 1822, p. 164. 81

The Conquest. First published, Lord Byron's Works,
1833, xvii. 246. 82
Impromptu ("Beneath Blessington's eyes"). First
Journal in Cephalonia. First published, Letters, 1901, vi.
238.83
Song to the Suliotes. MS.M. 83
[Love and Death.] First published, Murray's Magazine,
February, 1887, vol. i. pp. 145, 146. 84
Last Words on Greece. First published, Murray's
Magazine, February, 1887, vol. i. p. 146. 85
On this Day I complete my Thirty-sixth Year. First
published, Morning Chronicle, October 29, 1824. 86
A Bibliography Of The Successive Editions And
Translations Of Lord Byron's poetical Works. 89
Notes—
Note (1).—On Genuine and Spurious Issues of English
Bards, and Scotch Reviewers. 305
Note (2).—Correspondence between the First Edition as
numbered and the Present Issue as numbered. 307
Note (3).—The Annotated Copies of the Fourth Edition
of 1811 310
Appendix to Bibliography 314
Contents of Bibliography 317
Summary of Bibliography 319
Index 349
Index to First Lines 449

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
1. Mrs. Birdmere's House, Southwell2
2. Annesley Hall38
3. Diadem Hill (Annesley Park), where Lord Byron
parted from Mary Chaworth304
4. The Prison Called Tasso's Cell, in the Hospital of
Sant'Anna, at Ferrara348
BYRON'S LETTER AND
JOURNALS, VOLUME 1 (of 2)

Edited by Rowland E. Prothero
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
List of Letters
Chapter I Childhood and School
Chapter II Cambridge and Juvenile Poems
Chapter III English Bards and Scotch Reviewers
Chapter IV Travels in Albania, Greece etc. Death of Mrs. Byron
Appendix I Review of Wordsworth's Poems
Appendix II Article from the Edinburgh Review, For January, 1808
Appendix
III
Review of Gell's Geography of Ithaca, and Itinerary Of
Greece
CONTENTS

List of Letters
number date address
1798
1 Nov. 8 To Mrs. Parker
1799
2 March 13 To his Mother
3 undated To John Hanson
1803
4 May 1 To his Mother
5 June 23 To his Mother
6 Sept. To his Mother
1804
7 March 22 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
8 March 26 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
9 April 2 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
12 August 29 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
13 October 25 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
14 Nov. 2 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
18 Dec. 1 To John Hanson
1805
19 Jan. 30 To the Hon. Augusta Byron

21 April 15 To Hargreaves Hanson
22 April 20 To Hargreaves Hanson
25 May 11 To John Hanson
26 June 5 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
27 June 27 To John Hanson
28 July 2 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
29 July 8 To John Hanson
30 August 4 To Charles O. Gordon
31 August 6 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
32 August 10 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
33 August 14 To Charles O. Gordon
34 August 19 To Hargreaves Hanson
35 undated To Hargreaves Hanson
36 Oct. 25 To Hargreaves Hanson
37 Oct. 26 To John Hanson
39 Nov. 12 To Hargreaves Hanson
40 Nov. 23 To John Hanson
44 Dec. 26 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
45 Dec. 27 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
1806
46 Jan. 7 To the Hon. Augusta Byron
47 Feb. 26 To his Mother
48 March 3 To John Hanson

51 May 16 To Henry Angelo
52 August 9 To John M.B. Pigot
53 August 10 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
58 undated To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
1807
60 Jan. 12 To J. Ridge
61 Jan. 13 To John M. B. Pigot
62 Jan. 31 To Captain John Leacroft
63 Feb. 4 To Captain John Leacroft
64 Feb. 4 To Captain John Leacroft
65 Feb. 6 To the Earl of Clare
66 Feb. 8 To Mrs. Hanson
67 March 6 To William Bankes
68 undated To William Bankes
69 undated To — — Falkner
70 April 2 To John Hanson
71 April To John M. B. Pigot
73 June 11 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
74 June 30 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
75 July 5 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
76 July 13 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
77 July 20 To John Hanson
78 Aug. 2 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot

79 Aug. 11 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
80 Oct. 19 To John Hanson
81 Oct. 26 To Elizabeth Bridget Pigot
82 Nov. 20 To J. Ridge
84 Nov. 9 (1820) To John Murray
1808
85 Jan. 13 To Henry Drury
86 Jan. 16 To John Cam Hobhouse
87 Jan. 20 To Robert Charles Dallas
88 Jan. 21 To Robert Charles Dallas
89 Jan. 25 To John Hanson
91 Feb. 2 To James De Bathe
92 Feb. 11 To William Harness
93 Feb. 21 To J. Ridge
94 Feb. 26 To the Rev. John Becher
95 March 28 To the Rev. John Becher
96 April 26 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh
97 Sept. 14 To the Rev. John Becher
98 Sept. 18 To John Jackson
99 Oct. 4 To John Jackson
100 Oct. 7 To his Mother
101 Nov. 2 To his Mother
102 Nov. 3 To Francis Hodgson
105 Nov. 30 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh
106 Dec. 14 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh

108 Dec. 17 To Francis Hodgson
1809
110 Jan. 25 To R. C. Dallas
111 Feb. 7 To R. C. Dallas
118 March 18 To William Harness
119 undated To William Bankes
120 April 25 To R. C. Dallas
122 May 15 To the Rev. R. Lowe
124 June 28 To the Rev. Henry Drury
125 June 25-30 To Francis Hodgson
126 July 16 To Francis Hodgson
127 August 6 To Francis Hodgson
128 August 11 To his Mother
129 August 15 To Mr. Rushton
130 Sept. 15 To his Mother
131 Nov. 12 To his Mother
1810
133 April 9 To his Mother

136 May 3 To Henry Drury
137 May 5 To Francis Hodgson
140 June 17 To Henry Drury
142 July 1 To his Mother
143 July 4 To Francis Hodgson
147 Oct. 2 To his Mother
148 Oct. 3 To Francis Hodgson
149 Oct. 4 To John Cam Hobhouse
1811
151 Jan. 14 To his Mother
152 Feb. 28 To his Mother
154 June 28 To R. C. Dallas
155 June 29 To Francis Hodgson
156 July 17 To Henry Drury
158 July 30 To William Miller
159 Aug. 2 To John M. B. Pigot
160 Aug. 4 To John Hanson
161 Aug. 7 To Scrope Berdmore Davies
162 Aug. 12 To R. C. Dallas
163 Aug. 12 To — — Bolton

166 Aug. 21 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh
167 Aug. 21 To R. C. Dallas
168 Aug. 22 To Francis Hodgson

BYRON'S LETTERS AND
JOURNALS, Volume 2

Edited by Rowland E. Prothero
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
List of Letters
List of Journal Entries
Detailed Contents of Appendices
Chapter V—Childe Harold, Cantos I, II
Chapter VI—The Idol of Society—The Drury Lane Address—Second
Speech in Parliament
Chapter VII—The Giaour and Bride of Abydos
Chapter VIII—Journal: November 14, 1813-April 19, 1814
Appendix I—Articles from The Monthly Review
Appendix II—Parliamentary Speeches
Appendix III—Lady Caroline Lamb and Byron
Appendix IV—Letters of Bernard Barton
Appendix V—Correspondence with Walter Scott
Appendix VI—"The Giant and the Dwarf"
Appendix VII—Attacks upon Byron in the Newspapers for February
and March, 1814
CONTENTS
List of Letters
number date address
1811

169 Aug. 23 To John Murray
170 Aug. 24 To James Wedderburn Webster
171 Aug. 25 To R.C. Dallas
172 Aug. 27 To R.C. Dallas
175 Aug. 31 To James Wedderburn Webster
176 Sept. 2 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh
177 Sept. 3 To Francis Hodgson
178 Sept. 4 To R.C. Dallas
179 Sept. 5 To John Murray
181 Sept. 9 To the Hon. Augusta Leigh
195 Oct. 10 To James Wedderburn Webster
196 Oct. 10 To R.C. Dallas
197 Oct. 11 To R.C. Dallas
198 Oct. 13 To Francis Hodgson

Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade
Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.
Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and
personal growth!
ebookultra.com

Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights and Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R. Petrick

More Related Content

Similar to Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights and Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R. Petrick

Recently uploaded

Making Computers Accessible Disability Rights and Digital Technology 1st Edition Elizabeth R. Petrick