Autotools is a collection of tools used to generate Makefiles from configure scripts. The key tools are autoscan, autoheader, automake, autoconf, libtoolize, and autoreconf. These tools take various inputs like the source code and configure.ac and generate outputs like config.h, Makefile, and configure scripts. The generated Makefiles can then be used by make to build libraries, executables, and install targets. Autotools helps manage conditional compilation and platform-specific configurations.

1. Makefile generation from Autotools Waqqas Jabbar

2. Prerequisites C, C++ gcc and its options make and Makefile configure and its options pkg-config

3. Objectives Use autotools to generate Makefiles, for Dynamic and Static libraries Executable Use libtool to generate libraries

4. Autotools Collection of utilities automake autoconf libtoolize aclocal autoheader autoscan autoupdate autoreconf Can be used separately or together

5. Inputs to autotools configure.ac Makefile.ac config.h.in Source code

6. Outputs of autotools config.h Added in project Conditional compilation #ifdef, #elif, #endif Makefile(s) Input to make

7. ? config.h Makefile Makefile.in Source code configure.ac autoscan autoheader automake config.h.in Makefile.am autoconf configure.scan configure configure

8. config.h Makefile Makefile.in Source code configure.ac autoscan autoheader automake config.h.in Makefile.am autoconf configure.scan configure configure

9. autoscan Input: Source code Output: configure.scan Template for configure.ac

10. autoheader Input: configure.ac, Source code Output: config.h.in What defines are to be generated in config.h #undef VAR -> #define VAR 1 ( by configure)

11. automake Input: Makefile.am Output: Makefile.in Convert automake variables to their values

12. autoconf Input: configure.ac Output: configure Shell script

13. configure Input: config.h.in, Makefile.in Output: config.h, Makefile(s)

14. Makefile.in Syntax of Makefile

15. Makefile.am Executables Installation binaries bin_PROGRAMS = foo1 Non-Installation binaries noinst_PROGRAMS = foo2 foo1_SOURCES = foo1.c foo1.h INCLUDES=-I $HOME/usr/include LDADD=-lpthread AM_CFLAGS=-DMY_DEFINE foo1extradir=$(datadir)/foo1 foo1extra_DATA= foo1.conf

16. Makefile.am Libraries Installation Libraries lib_LTLIBRARIES=libtest.la library_includedir= The directory where header files will be installed library_include_HEADERS= Header files exposed by the library Non-installation libraries noinst_LTLIBRARIES= libtest_la_SOURCES = libtest_la_LDFLAGS = INCLUDES = -I. libtest_la_LIBADD= (other libraries to add)

17. Makefile.am Predefined variables $(top_srcdir) : Main directory of source-code $(includedir) : Path specified in configure for installing header files SUBDIRS =

18. configure.ac Set of M4 Macros Initialization AC_PREREQ AC_INIT AC_CONFIG_HEADER(config.h) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE Checks for programs AC_PROG_CC AC_PROG_CXX AC_PROG_INSTALL AM_PROG_LIBTOOL AM_SANITY_CHECK

19. configure.ac Checks for libraries pkg-config PKG_CHECK_MODULES(SNDFILE_DEPS, sndfile >= 1.0.17) AC_SUBST(SNDFILE_DEPS_CFLAGS) AC_SUBST(SNDFILE_DEPS_LIBS) AC_SUBST passes variable from configure.ac to Makefile.am

20. configure.ac No script AC_CHECK_LIB AC_ARG_WITH(mysql, [ --with-mysql=<path> prefix of MySQL installation. e.g. /usr/local or /usr], [MYSQL_PREFIX=$with_mysql], AC_MSG_ERROR([You must call configure with the --with-mysql option. This tells configure where to find the MySql C library and headers. e.g. --with-mysql=/usr/local or --with-mysql=/usr])) AC_SUBST(MYSQL_PREFIX) MYSQL_LIBS=&quot;-L${MYSQL_PREFIX}/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient&quot; MYSQL_CFLAGS=&quot;-I${MYSQL_PREFIX}/include&quot; AC_SUBST(MYSQL_LIBS) AC_SUBST(MYSQL_CFLAGS)

21. configure.ac Checks for header files AC_HEADER_STDC AC_CHECK_HEADERS([string.h]) Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics Checks for library functions AC_CHECK_FUNCS([bzero]) Give Makefile to generate AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile]) AC_OUTPUT

22. configure.ac Adding option in configure script AC_ARG_ENABLE(option-foo,[ --enable-option-foo help for option foo], [CFLAGS= &quot;$CFLAGS -DOPTION_FOO_DEFINE&quot;], []) Disable shared libraries AC_DISABLE_SHARED

23. References http://www.elitecoders.de/mags/cscene/CS2/CS2-10.html http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/automake/automake.shtml http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/using_libraries/using_libraries.shtml http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/building_libraries/building_libraries.shtml http://bec-systems.com/web/content/view/95/9/ http://sources.redhat.com/autobook/autobook/autobook_toc.html#SEC_Contents http://www.gnu.org/manual/manual.html Examples http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/building_libraries/examplelib-0.3.0.tar.gz http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/using_libraries/examplelib_example-0.3.0.tar.gz

24. Summary You can generate distributions in tar.gz or rpm

25. Thank You