This document provides guidance on writing an argument thesis statement for an argument essay. It explains that an argument thesis must take a stand on an issue that others could reasonably disagree with and be supported with evidence. It provides examples of weak and strong thesis statements and explains the different types of argument claims a thesis could make, such as claims of definition, cause and effect, value, or solutions. The document emphasizes thinking of yourself as an advocate for your thesis and considering how to reframe a research question into an argument thesis statement.
Palliative care is an approach to care which improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness.
This presentation outlines three commonly encountered scenarios and the ethical and legal issues that may affect the choice of contraceptive. Obstetricians and gynaecologists play a key role in counselling women. Decisions regarding contraceptive choices must take into account women’s preferences, cultural and religious beliefs as well as any co-existing medical issues.
This presentation is intended to be a repository of information on the beliefs and practices of many religious groups and denominations.
While it is by no means exhaustive, and will be subject to updates as needed, it is a good quick resource when dealing with individuals who profess any of these beliefs.
While applicable for everyone, this like all of our presentations is specifically designed for caregivers in a long-term care environment.
Palliative care is an approach to care which improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness.
This presentation outlines three commonly encountered scenarios and the ethical and legal issues that may affect the choice of contraceptive. Obstetricians and gynaecologists play a key role in counselling women. Decisions regarding contraceptive choices must take into account women’s preferences, cultural and religious beliefs as well as any co-existing medical issues.
This presentation is intended to be a repository of information on the beliefs and practices of many religious groups and denominations.
While it is by no means exhaustive, and will be subject to updates as needed, it is a good quick resource when dealing with individuals who profess any of these beliefs.
While applicable for everyone, this like all of our presentations is specifically designed for caregivers in a long-term care environment.
As new scientific information becomes available through basic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies undergo changes. The author(s) and publisher have done everything possible to make this book accurate, up to date, and in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The author(s), editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of the book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised always to check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dose and contraindications before administering any drug. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs.
Presented at Kansas City University of Osteopathic Medicine 10/27/15 in Lecture Series in Bioethics. See live presentation here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr3g3PeVKeo
The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur as a rule of evidence is peculiar to the law of negligence which recognizes that prima facie negligence may be established without direct proof and furnishes a substitute for specific proof of negligence.
-Sharifa Almeera Tuahan
Ashford 5: - Week 4 - Discussion 2
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Food Justice/Food Deserts
The purpose of this discussion is to offer you the opportunity to debate the issue of food justice and food deserts. Food deserts are significant issues in poorer neighborhoods in the United States. In many of these neighborhoods, the only access to food is through local convenience stores or fast food restaurants. This severely limits the options for the poor to have access to fresh, wholesome food and has been evidenced as a key reason for the obesity epidemic in the United States. This issue is encompassed in the overarching topic of food justice, which also highlights public access to genetically modified or organic foods and the issues of equal access to positive food options in light of public health and social inequality. Prepare and post a response to the following prompt:
Read the Hilmers article, Neighborhood Disparities in Access to Healthy Foods and Their Effects on Environmental Justice. Assume that your town is a food desert and you would like to do something about it. Prepare an argument to present to your local town council that outlines an idea to offer healthy food options to your town. Use at least one ethical theory or perspective to support the moral or ethical reasoning for why this program should be implemented.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from the required resources and/or other scholarly sources, and properly cite any references in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7.
Carefully review the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate this Discussion Thread.
Ashford 5: - Week 4 - Discussion 1
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Equal Access to Health Care
insertDiscussionPromptHere
This discussion presents the opportunity for you to address the inequality of access to health care in the United States using moral and ethical reasoning. There is overwhelming evidence that social inequalities affect health outcomes. Many argue that lack of health care access due to poverty is a human rights concern in the United States that should be subject to public and social justice inquiry. As such, the Affordable Care Act was implemented to promote health equity. While there are some that have reported favorable outcomes with respect to health care access, others have reported unfavorable experiences.
What is your perspective on the ethics of providing universal health care to all U.S. citizens,.
As new scientific information becomes available through basic and clinical research, recommended treatments and drug therapies undergo changes. The author(s) and publisher have done everything possible to make this book accurate, up to date, and in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The author(s), editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from application of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of the book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised always to check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dose and contraindications before administering any drug. Caution is especially urged when using new or infrequently ordered drugs.
Presented at Kansas City University of Osteopathic Medicine 10/27/15 in Lecture Series in Bioethics. See live presentation here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr3g3PeVKeo
The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur as a rule of evidence is peculiar to the law of negligence which recognizes that prima facie negligence may be established without direct proof and furnishes a substitute for specific proof of negligence.
-Sharifa Almeera Tuahan
Ashford 5: - Week 4 - Discussion 2
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Food Justice/Food Deserts
The purpose of this discussion is to offer you the opportunity to debate the issue of food justice and food deserts. Food deserts are significant issues in poorer neighborhoods in the United States. In many of these neighborhoods, the only access to food is through local convenience stores or fast food restaurants. This severely limits the options for the poor to have access to fresh, wholesome food and has been evidenced as a key reason for the obesity epidemic in the United States. This issue is encompassed in the overarching topic of food justice, which also highlights public access to genetically modified or organic foods and the issues of equal access to positive food options in light of public health and social inequality. Prepare and post a response to the following prompt:
Read the Hilmers article, Neighborhood Disparities in Access to Healthy Foods and Their Effects on Environmental Justice. Assume that your town is a food desert and you would like to do something about it. Prepare an argument to present to your local town council that outlines an idea to offer healthy food options to your town. Use at least one ethical theory or perspective to support the moral or ethical reasoning for why this program should be implemented.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from the required resources and/or other scholarly sources, and properly cite any references in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7.
Carefully review the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate this Discussion Thread.
Ashford 5: - Week 4 - Discussion 1
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Equal Access to Health Care
insertDiscussionPromptHere
This discussion presents the opportunity for you to address the inequality of access to health care in the United States using moral and ethical reasoning. There is overwhelming evidence that social inequalities affect health outcomes. Many argue that lack of health care access due to poverty is a human rights concern in the United States that should be subject to public and social justice inquiry. As such, the Affordable Care Act was implemented to promote health equity. While there are some that have reported favorable outcomes with respect to health care access, others have reported unfavorable experiences.
What is your perspective on the ethics of providing universal health care to all U.S. citizens,.
PHI208 WEEK FIVE ASSIGNMENT GUIDANCE WEEK FIVE ASSIGNME.docxrandymartin91030
PHI208: WEEK FIVE ASSIGNMENT GUIDANCE
WEEK FIVE ASSIGNMENT GUIDANCE
Notes and Advice
This paper is a demonstration of what you have learned about moral reasoning based on our examining of ethical theories
and specific ethical issues. As such, you should focus your attention on carefully spelling out the reasoning that supports
your conclusion, and relating that to the theories we have discussed in class.
You are free to write on the same topic and question you wrote on in previous papers or choose a different topic and
question.
If you choose a different topic, you would benefit from going through the Week One Assignment exercises.
For a list of acceptable topics to start with, see the options from the list of topics available in the online course. If you are
still unsure of your topic or of how properly to focus it into a relevant ethical question, you are strongly encouraged to
consult with your instructor.
You are free to draw upon the work you did in previous papers, and reuse parts that you feel were strong, but you are not
to simply recycle the previous papers. This paper should reflect the culmination of the development of your thoughts on
this issue, and many of the requirements for the final paper cannot be satisfied by a heavily recycled paper.
The consideration of an objection against your own view is a way of showing that your view has the support of good
reasons and can answer its strongest objections. Therefore, aim at identifying and addressing the strongest opposing
argument you can, bearing in mind that a good thesis should be able to respond to the best arguments for the other side.
Thesis Statement
The thesis statement is more than just a position statement of the sort you provided in the first assignment; rather, it states
the position and the primary reasons in such a way that the reader should have a clear sense of how the reasons support the
position, which is what will be spelled out and explained in the body of the paper. Please see the handout on thesis
statements available in the online course.
Checklist
This checklist can help you ensure that you have completed all of the assignment instructions.
PHI208: WEEK FIVE ASSIGNMENT GUIDANCE
Make sure that you
Provide an introduction that starts with the question, describes the ethical problem (including the most relevant
issues), summarizes your procedure in the paper, and concludes with your thesis statement.
Explain what you think is the best way to reason about this issue, and show as clearly and persuasively as you can
how that reasoning supports your position.
Make reference to at least two of the approaches we have examined in the course.
Raise a relevant objection against your position that you can imagine being raised by someone holding a contrary
position.
Provide a strong response to that objection that shows that your own view can withstand it.
Provide a conc.
Chapter Two Principles of Health Care Ethics12JinElias52
Chapter Two
Principles of Health Care Ethics
1
2
Principles of Ethics
Extends your foundation of ethics.
Gives you ways to apply ethics to practical situations.
The four most often used in health care are nonmaleficience, beneficence, autonomy, and justice.
3
3
Nonmaleficience
Sometimes this is translated as “first do no harm”.
Ethical theories define harm in different ways.
Consequentialist says harm is that which prevents good.
Natural law says harm is something that limits our potential.
4
4
Nonmaleficence
Deontologists say harm is something that prevents you from doing your moral duty.
Virtue ethicists say harm is something that leads you away from practicing high moral character.
Ethical egoists say that harm is something that goes against your self interest.
5
5
Harm in the Clinical Setting
Harm is something that negatively affects patients.
Clinically, we think of physical harm but other harm is possible.
Harm is also caused by negligence.
Harm can be caused by violating autonomy.
6
6
Beneficience
Beneficience comes from the Latin “bene” and means to benefit.
Requires a decision to engage in beneficent acts or to be altruistic.
It is a fundamental principle of health care practice.
What theories support beneficence?
7
7
Health care and Beneficience
The standard of altruism is higher for health care professionals.
Altruism is expected.
Beneficence sometimes is extended to paternalism when the health care professional makes decisions for the good of the patient. What is this called?
8
8
Autonomy
Autonomy means that you can rule yourself.
It implies a respect for others.
In health care, we have a duty to treat, but not to judge.
What are the conditions necessary for autonomy in health care?
9
9
Specific Competence
Is defined as the ability to do some things but not others. One can be competent in a limited way.
In issues where a person is not competent, the concept of substitute judgment can be used. This also involves the idea of a reasonable person’s decision.
10
10
Specific Competence
Coercion can also affect a person’s ability to exercise autonomy.
Issues of competence and autonomy also are part of informed consent and other health care issues which are discussed in later chapters.
11
11
Justice
The term can be used to mean fairness.
Aristotle thought we should treat similar cases in a similar way unless there was some relevant or material difference.
We need to examine types of justice: procedural and distributive.
12
12
Procedural Justice
This is sometimes called due process.
It means that you get your turn; you are treated like everyone else.
Procedural injustice can occur with employee situations.
Due process is also involved with policy making in procedural justice.
13
13
Distributive Justice
This form of justice involves balancing benefits and burdens.
Health care resource allocation is one example of a distributive injustice.
Health care is a scarce resource, so
Resource a ...
Ethical ClaimsBoth ethics and morals involve considerations abou.docxSANSKAR20
Ethical Claims
Both ethics and morals involve considerations about what’s right and wrong. The term “ethics” derives from the Greek word ethos, meaning character, while “moral” comes from the Latin word moralis, meaning ethical. So the words “ethics” and “morals” are often used interchangeably.
For most of this text, we’ve been exploring the ways that people provide support that a claim is true. But now we’re exploring something quite different: how people provide support that a claim is right—not “right” in the sense of being accurate but “right” in the sense of being the morally correct thing to do.
Not everything has a moral dimension. Some things, like arithmetic, are amoral. The equation 2 + 2 = 4 is neither good nor bad, it’s just true. In contrast, consider the following claim:
It is wrong to eat meat.
This is still a conclusion, and to persuade others to believe it we will need to construct an argument (i.e., provide sound reasoning to support this conclusion). So we’re still dealing with claims and arguments, fallacies and sources, and so on, but we’ve completely left the realm of science, with its observable phenomena and replicable experiments. We’re in the land of ethics now.
We learn ethics like we learn everything else: through a mixture of personal experience and shared knowledge. Every society possesses a sense that some things are right and others are wrong. Generally speaking, we believe that it is good to help other people and bad to hurt them. We learn this from our own reactions to things as we grow up and develop our sense of self. And these lessons are reinforced by parents, teachers, friends, and strangers, as well as in the stories of our culture.
A Few Helpful Terms for Discussing Ethics
Ethics: thinking and reasoning about right and wrong.
Moral principles: rules of conduct that guide an individual’s actions to take into account the interests of other people.
Excuse: a reason offered for breaking a moral principle in a given situation.
Justification: an argument claiming that violating some moral principle is actually the right course of action in a given situation.
Killing is wrong… (moral principle)
… unless you are killing someone as punishment for killing someone else. (justification)
Moral dilemma: a situation in which there is not an obvious ethically right or wrong answer, often because there are two moral principles in conflict with each other.
An armed man has entered a school and is killing children.
It’s wrong to kill.
Should I kill him to keep him from killing others?
Answer the following questions about the material above.
Multiple Choice Question
How do moral claims differ from other types of claims?
· There’s no such thing as a fallacy in a moral claim.
· They make a claim about what’s right and wrong.
· They must be supported by evidence.
· They contain a premise and a conclusion.
Multiple Choice Question
Kayla normally believes that a mother should make her child as happy as possibl ...
Chapter Two Principles of Health Care Ethics12.docxbartholomeocoombs
Chapter Two
Principles of Health Care Ethics
1
2
Principles of Ethics
Extends your foundation of ethics.
Gives you ways to apply ethics to practical situations.
The four most often used in health care are nonmaleficience, beneficence, autonomy, and justice.
3
3
Nonmaleficience
Sometimes this is translated as “first do no harm”.
Ethical theories define harm in different ways.
Consequentialist says harm is that which prevents good.
Natural law says harm is something that limits our potential.
4
4
Nonmaleficence
Deontologists say harm is something that prevents you from doing your moral duty.
Virtue ethicists say harm is something that leads you away from practicing high moral character.
Ethical egoists say that harm is something that goes against your self interest.
5
5
Harm in the Clinical Setting
Harm is something that negatively affects patients.
Clinically, we think of physical harm but other harm is possible.
Harm is also caused by negligence.
Harm can be caused by violating autonomy.
6
6
Beneficience
Beneficience comes from the Latin “bene” and means to benefit.
Requires a decision to engage in beneficent acts or to be altruistic.
It is a fundamental principle of health care practice.
What theories support beneficence?
7
7
Health care and Beneficience
The standard of altruism is higher for health care professionals.
Altruism is expected.
Beneficence sometimes is extended to paternalism when the health care professional makes decisions for the good of the patient. What is this called?
8
8
Autonomy
Autonomy means that you can rule yourself.
It implies a respect for others.
In health care, we have a duty to treat, but not to judge.
What are the conditions necessary for autonomy in health care?
9
9
Specific Competence
Is defined as the ability to do some things but not others. One can be competent in a limited way.
In issues where a person is not competent, the concept of substitute judgment can be used. This also involves the idea of a reasonable person’s decision.
10
10
Specific Competence
Coercion can also affect a person’s ability to exercise autonomy.
Issues of competence and autonomy also are part of informed consent and other health care issues which are discussed in later chapters.
11
11
Justice
The term can be used to mean fairness.
Aristotle thought we should treat similar cases in a similar way unless there was some relevant or material difference.
We need to examine types of justice: procedural and distributive.
12
12
Procedural Justice
This is sometimes called due process.
It means that you get your turn; you are treated like everyone else.
Procedural injustice can occur with employee situations.
Due process is also involved with policy making in procedural justice.
13
13
Distributive Justice
This form of justice involves balancing benefits and burdens.
Health care resource allocation is one example of a distributive injustice.
Health care is a scarce resource, so
Resource a.
Bradley J. Thames PHI208 THESIS STATEMENTS Ashford Unive.docxaryan532920
Bradley J. Thames
PHI208: THESIS STATEMENTS Ashford University
THESIS STATEMENTS
This guide is intended to help you construct a strong thesis statement for an ethics paper. But it should not take the place
of the resources provided through the Ashford Writing Center, especially when using those resources is part of the
assignment instructions. The Thesis Generator is a helpful resource that can be found by going to the Ashford Writing
Center at awc.ashford.edu. Look under the "Writing Resources" tab, then under "Writing Tools,” and click on "Thesis
Generator.” For additional help on crafting a good thesis statement, look under the "Writing Resources" tab, then under
"Essay Development,” and click on "Thesis Statements.”
The thesis serves as the backbone of your paper. Or if you like, it states the central idea of the paper, around which
everything else revolves. Every part of your paper is meant to in some way explain and defend that thesis. So it’s really
important to construct a thesis that is focused enough that you can defend it in the space given to your paper, and for that
thesis to be clear, concrete and specific, and to include a statement of the primary reasons for that position.
So let’s look at some examples of some strong and some weaker theses. We’re going to be looking at topics that are not
under the list of options, but you can use them as models for how to construct a thesis on the topic that you choose from
this list.
First, you will be presented with a weak thesis statement, and then, you should try to think about why it’s weak and what
might make it stronger before reading the explanation.
1. Weak Thesis
Abortion is a really tough issue that has sparked a lot of controversy and debate for over four decades, and there
are many good arguments on both sides.
What makes it weak?
No position. In other words, you don’t really tell me what your stand is on this issue; you simply reiterate that it
is an ethically important issue, which should already be obvious. Be sure that your thesis clearly states your
position.
Some Stronger Alternatives
• Even though abortion involves taking the life of a biologically human creature, its relative lack of
development, considered in comparison to the burdens a woman may face in carrying it to term, means
that abortion may be morally justified in some cases, and that is a determination that should be left up to
the individual woman to make with the full support of the law.
Bradley J. Thames
PHI208: THESIS STATEMENTS Ashford University
• Anytime there is uncertainty about whether a class of beings is human, a liberal democratic society should
always err on the side of humanity, thus we should consider fetuses to be human and criminalize most
cases of abortion.
These statements specify the position that the person takes and provide a concise statement of the primary reasons
for that position. They also ...
Crime Scene Investigations Workgroup Chair Major Susan .docxvanesaburnand
Crime Scene Investigations Workgroup
Chair
Major Susan
Barker,
Miami-Dade
Police
MDPD
Bomb
Squad FBI
Hazardous
Material
Response
Unit
Jackson
Memorial
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Trauma
Unit
Miami PD
Crime
Scene
Section
Broward
County SO
Crime
Scene
Bureau
MDPD
Crime Lab
Miami-Dade
Fire Rescue
Urban
Search &
Rescue
Fla Nat.
Guard
44th Civil
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Miami-Dade
Medical
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Module 4 - SLP
DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE
The goal of the Session Long Project is to identify and evaluate the ethical principles used in resolving ethical dilemmas, and to apply the principles to specific ethical issues that may have professional, sociological, economic, legal or political implications.
Often times a patient needs a lot of resources prior to being discharged from the hospital. Some organizations use discharge planners or case managers to aid in acquiring these resources. The topic of this SLP is about Jenna, a young woman who could not be discharged home until the issue of resources to care for her was resolved. This story demonstrates that resource allocation decision making is inherently complex, a process that is dynamic, multidimensional, and iterative. After reading the article, "The relational nature of case manager resource allocation decision making: An illustrated case" by Fraser, Estabrooks, and Strang and doing additional research, please respond to the questions listed below:
1. Provide a brief summary of Jenna's case. What was her medical condition? What was her prognosis? Why was it important for her to go home? Did she get to go home? If so, how did that impact her recovery?
2. What were the resources that Jenna needed to go home? What barriers did her case manager encounter in acquiring these resources?
3. Discuss the theory of relational ethics as it applies to this case. What is it? How does it impact the allocation of resources? Think about your own discipline of study, how does this theory apply to acquiring scare resources? Provide an example.
4. Based on what you have read about this case and resource allocation, do you agree with the statement "that resource allocation decision making is inherently complex, a process that is dynamic, multidimensional, and iterative"? Why or why not? What are your views on the fairness of the process? Was it done in a fair manner in this case? Did Jenna get preferential treatment because of her case manager? If there was no one advocating for her, what do you think the outcome would have been?
SLP Assignment Expectations
1. You will be expected to provide a scholarly basis for your response.
2. Your opinions must be justified with evidence from the literature.
3. References should be cited properly in the text of your essay (either in parentheses or as footnotes), as well as at the end.
4. Several (3-5) scholarly references should be cited for this assignment.
5. Please limit your response to 3 pages maximum, not including title and refer.
- Government InvolvementBioethics Environmental Ethics.docxhoney725342
- Government Involvement
Bioethics: Environmental Ethics
Go here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GviNafYdS4 to view a video covering information about environmental ethics and how it relates to morality.
Reference
Leopold Foundation. (2012, June, 3). Bioethics and environmental value- How we reason about things that morally matter [Video]. Retrieved from the YouTube Web site: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GviNafYdS4
Social Contract Theory
Go here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHyn8MWssWc to view a video showing social contract theory from the conservative and liberal points of view. This video is approximately 7 minutes in length.
Reference
Storm Clouds Gathering. (2013, May, 30). The truth about the social contract [Video]. Retrieved from the YouTube Web site: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHyn8MWssWc
Rousseau and Social Contract
Go here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M40waSvXwBU to view a video that covers Rousseau's view on social contract theory. This video is approximately 12 minutes in length.
Reference
Alfred, J. (2010, October, 22). The classics: Rousseau -- Social contract [Video]. Retrieved from the YouTube Web site: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M40waSvXwBU
Laws and Ethics
Law is a system of principles and rules of human conduct prescribed by society and enforced by public authority. This definition applies to both criminal law and civil law. Ethics is the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment. When referring to a profession, ethics is the group's principles or code. Some may view the link between law and ethics as one to one—what is lawful is ethical and what is unlawful is unethical. This is not necessarily true. The law is the minimum performance that is expected in society. Professions demand that members comply with the law but simultaneously hold members to a higher standard. Thus, a profession's code of ethics may require its group's members to act in ways that are different from members of society. In this presentation, we examine ethics in the health professions by focusing first on human development and the foundation of law, and second, on reasoning in the world of values.
Human Value Development and the Foundation of Law
Moral philosophies and derivative principles provide a framework to hone and use a personal ethic to analyze and solve ethical problems. Like philosophers, clinicians and administrators are unlikely to agree fully with only one moral philosophy. Most will be eclectic in developing or reconsidering a personal ethic. In general, however, the principles of respect for persons, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice are useful in defining relationships among patients, managers, and organizations. These principles may carry different weights and take precedence over one another, depending on the issue being evaluated. Justice requires, however, that they be consistently ordered and weighted when similar problems are considered ...
File Upload: MODULE 5
Module Assignment #5
Objectives
1. Discuss attributes of a culture of wellness, including those that facilitate improving a
patient’s medication experience.
2. Identify behaviors and beliefs that promote safe medication-taking practices.
3. List actions that individuals, the scientific and medical community, and government
can take to address America’s drug-taking culture and the prescription drug misuse
epidemic.
Directions
In Module 5, we’re wrapping-up the course by shifting the conversation toward a culture
of health. To do this, we’ll write a response paper to one of the following three TED
talks:
1. “What makes us get sick? Look Upstream” by Dr. Rishi Manchanda
2. “How to connect with depressed friends” by Bill Bernat
3. “Addiction is a disease. We should treat it like one” by Michael Botticelli
Select and view the one TED talk that you find the most interesting (see ‘Resources’).
Then, compose a response paper that reports your interpretation, analysis, and
aesthetic response of/to the ideas presented within the TED talk. Consult the ‘What to
Include’ section below for specific instructions.
What to Include
Compose a response paper that reports your interpretation, analysis, and aesthetic
response of/to your selected TED talk by addressing the following three writing prompts:
1. Interpret the artistic work:
• In your opinion, what is the main message the presenter is trying to share?
Support your response with a specific example from the TED talk.
2. Analyze and Evaluate: What is your analysis of the TED talk overall? Address both
of these prompts to help construct your analysis:
• What is the main issue or problem the presenter is discussing? How does
this issue/problem contribute to America’s drug-taking culture? Elaborate on
your response with an example from the talk.
• Consider the solution the presenter proposes to address the main
issue/problem they are discussing. If individuals or society implement this
solution, how would these actions contribute to a culture of wellness? Again,
elaborate on your response with an example from the talk.
3. Develop an aesthetic response:
• How did watching this TED talk make you feel? Elaborate on your response
by including a meaningful personal reflection that further explains your
thoughts and feelings.
4. Format guidelines: Arial font size 11; single-spaced; 1” margins; Length: 1.5 pages
maximum
5. Please cite the TED talk as well as any external sources, and include a reference list
containing the full citation for each source following the end of your essay.
Resources
1. Michael Botticelli. Addiction is a disease. We should treat it like
one [Video]. Published October 2016. Accessed March 29, 2019.
2. Bill Bernat. How to connect with depressed friends [Video]. Published November
2017. Accessed March 29, 2019.
3. Dr. Rishi Manchanda ...
Similar to M11 power point the argument essay be an attorney (20)
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2. Take a stand on the issue
If you’ve watched an episode of Law & Order, you’ll be familiar with
its famous introduction:
"In the Criminal Justice System the people are represented by two separate, yet
equally important groups: the police who investigate crime and the District
Attorneys who prosecute the offenders. These are their stories."
For the Annotated Bibliography, you were asked
you to think of yourself as a detective, an
investigator finding the sources of facts on the
crime.
For the Argument Essay, you should now think of
yourself as an attorney, taking a stand on the
facts and arguing your case.
3. Be an Advocate
An Advocate…
Takes an informed stance on the issue
Supports a specific viewpoint or course of action
Attempts to convince others to accept this view (or least that the
view is reasonable) or take this action (or at least endorse the
course of action).
Attorneys are also called
advocates, someone who acts on
behalf of others, fighting for them
in the legal system…
4. Write an Argument-Based Thesis
Statement
To be an advocate, your thesis statement for the Argument
Essay needs to be…
Focused
Makes a claim about some specific aspect of the issue rather
than on the issue as a whole
Debatable
Takes a stand on the issue that
others may reasonably disagree
with
Supportable
Offers a claim that can be proven
using sound reasoning and
valid evidence from research
5. Examples of Weak Thesis Statements
1. From Roen, Glau, and Maid 423
2. From Roen, Glau, and Maid 423
3. Based on Maimon, Peritz, and Yancey 129
Thesis Statement Its Weakness
I can’t stand war movies.1
not supportable: a personal preference
cannot be supported with evidence from
research
The National Football League is in
trouble.2
not focused: lacks any specificity about
how it is in trouble and why
Many developing nations suffer
from food shortages.3
not debatable: this is an easily
established fact rather than a claim with
which many people may reasonably
disagree
6. From Questioning to Arguing
Below are examples of research questions
from the Module 9 presentation Be a
Detective! Next to each are new argument-
based thesis statements derived from those
questions.
One approach to generating a thesis
statement for your Argument Essay is
to re-envision your research
question(s) for the Annotated
Bibliography as an argument-based
thesis statement.
7. Examples of Argument-Based
Thesis Statements
Controversy & Research Question Argument-Based Thesis Statements
Throughout the United States, more and
more cities have been enacting public
smoking bans. Smokers and business people
resist such bans while others find them
helpful and cite positive health outcomes.
What kind of ban, if any, should be enacted
against smoking?
Cigarette smoking should be banned in
enclosed, public spaces, where smoking
poses a significant risk to non-smokers’
health.
With the increase and strengthening of
public smoking bans, the practice of "vaping,"
consuming nicotine through a vaporizer
rather than a combustible cigarette, has
increased. While marketed as safe, many
warn of potential dangers vaping may have.
How risky is vaping and what, if anything,
should be done?
Vaping, like smoking, poses serious
health risks to young people. Thus, the
FDA should impose the same restrictions
on vapor cigarettes as it does on
traditional cigarettes.
8. Examples of Argument-Based
Thesis Statements
Controversy & Research Question Argument-Based Thesis Statements
Enacting gun regulations is challenging
because of the different and competing ways
in which the 2nd Amendment of the US
Constitution is interpreted by special interest
groups, congressional legislators, and the US
Supreme Court. How should we understand
the 2nd amendment going forward so that
public safety can be adequately addressed?
We ought to enact common-sense
measures, such as universal background
checks and mandatory reporting of
suspected straw purchases, to help keep
guns out of the hands of criminals and
the dangerously mentally ill.
There are two major forms of sex education:
Abstinence Only and Comprehensive.
Opponents of each of these forms who argue
they are ineffective or counterproductive, but
research suggests that both varieties show a
certain amount of effectiveness. Which kind
of sex education will most effectively educate
and protect teenagers?
A combination of sex education methods,
including abstinence-only for younger
teenagers and comprehensive sex-ed for
older teenagers, is the most effective way
to raise up young adults who will make
wise decisions regarding their sexuality.
9. Argument-Based Thesis
Statements
Most argument-based thesis statement will make
one or more of the following types of claims:
Claims of Definition or Classification
Claims about Cause and Effect
Claims about Value
Claims about Solutions or Policies
10. Claims of Definition or Classification
(Reid 442-443, “Purdue”)
These types of claims focus on debatable understandings of
facts, ideas, or principles (definition) as well as how those
facts or ideas fit specific criteria (classification).
These types of claims can be tricky because one must avoid
focusing on facts or definitions that are not up for debate.
A thesis based on this kind of claim is strongest when arguing
about facts, ideas, or principles many people misunderstand.
Weak claim: “Socialism emerged from the writings of Karl Marx.”
This is simply an easily established fact
Strong claim: “Socialism, properly defined, is not a scourge to our
free society but is something we actually already do.”
This claim stakes an argument for how a concept is
misunderstood or misapplied.
11. Claims about Cause and Effect
(Reid 443-444, “Purdue”)
These types of claims focus on the possible causes of a
particular problem or situation and/or the possible effects of a
particular problem or phenomenon.
The causes and/or effects addressed must be debatable or in
question.
You might also argue against causes and/or effects that others
claim.
Also see CHAPTER 6, “Examining Causes and Effects”
Weak claim: “Your high school grades will affect the kind of college
you get into.”
This is a claim about a cause that most wouldn’t doubt.
Strong claim: “School suspensions do not improve student
behavior; rather, they negatively affect the educational success of
students.”
This claim stakes an argument about the negative effects of a
measure or action many people support.
12. Claims about Value
(Reid 444-445, “Purdue”)
These types of claims focus on making a judgment about
something’s worth, importance, or ethicality.
Such a judgment must be based on reasons that your audience will concur
with; it can’t be based on personal preferences or your own personal sense of
morals or religious values.
Such a claim should avoid the appearance that it is attacking others’ personal
morality or values
Also see CHAPTER 10, “Evaluating and Reviewing”
Weak claim: “The banning of prayer in schools is reprehensible.”
This claim dismisses many people’s strongly held views about
religious freedoms for the sake of one’s own religious views.
Strong claim: “Prayer in schools, if conducted in a way that respects
everyone’s individual freedoms, is not only constitutional but laudable.”
This claim can be judged based on highly regarded constitutional
principles as well as on behavior and policy many people may
consider to be admirable.
13. Claims about Solutions or Policies
(Reid 443-444, “Purdue”)
These types of claims focus on proposed or existing policies/laws or
solutions to a problem.
A thesis based on such a claim may either endorse or support a policy or
solution or argue against it.
Must appeal to those who may benefit from the change in policy or solution as
well as those who must enact the policy or solution
Also see CHAPTER 14, “Presenting a Proposal”
Weak claim: “Standardized tests in schools should be abolished.”
This claim doesn’t lay out the benefits of such an action and may be
unfeasible.
Strong claim: “The high-stakes approach to standardizing testing is
leaving out some of our brightest students. Instead, the importance
placed on standardized tests should be reduced, making way for a
more comprehensive approach to measuring student performance.”
This claim offers a solution that may be more feasible to implement
and suggests the benefits of enacting a new policy.
14. Combining Claims
Often claims of the kind above can be combined to make
more complex, interesting, and persuasive thesis
statements:
Thesis Statement Combination of Claims
A combination of sex education methods,
including abstinence-only for younger
teenagers and comprehensive sex-ed for
older teenagers, is the most effective way to
raise up young adults who will make wise
decisions regarding their sexuality.
This thesis involves both a claim of
definition or classification (explaining
and grouping different kinds of sex-ed)
and a claim about a solution (proposing
a new approach to sex-ed).
Vaping, like smoking, poses serious health
risks to young people. Thus, the FDA should
impose the same restrictions on vapor
cigarettes as it does on traditional
cigarettes.
This thesis involves both a claim of
cause and effect (establishing the
health risks of vaping) and a claim
about a policy (expanding FDA
regulations).
15. Works Cited
“Developing Strong Thesis Statements.” Purdue Online Writing Lab, 23
Nov. 2013, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/588/01/. Accessed 3
Apr. 2017.
Maimon, Elaine, Janice Peritz, and Kathleen Blake Yancy. The Brief
McGraw-Hill Handbook. 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2012.
Reid, Stephen. The Prentice Hall Guide for College Writers. 9th Ed. Prentice
Hall, 2011.
Roen, Duane, Gregory Glau, and Barry Maid. The McGraw-Hill Guide:
Writing for College, Writing for Life. 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill, 2013.