3. What sparked my interest in
Auditory Processing Disorder?
Teacher
Prep student with significant
learning difficulties
Research
Symptoms APD
4. Some questions you may
have:
What is Auditory Processing Disorder?
What are the symptoms?
What is the impact on students’ learning
experiences?
How is APD diagnosed?
What modifications can be made?
How can these modifications benefit all
students?
5. Genetic or environmental factors
What is Auditory Processing
Disorder?
Neurological issues which impede the
processing of sound
Normal hearing and intelligence
Estimated 5% of all students have
APD
6. What are the symptoms?
Longer to respond
Responses are often inappropriate
Frequently request for information to be repeated
Difficulty following directions given auditorily
Difficulty understanding when there is
background noise
Difficulty localizing sounds and differentiating
between similar sounds
7. What is the impact on students’
learning experiences?
Difficulties with reading, math,
spelling, and in social situations
Disengaged students
Behavioural issues
Impact the learning experiences
of other students negatively
8. How is APD diagnosed?
Best practice to correctly
diagnose APD
Transdisciplinary team
Discussed further within the paper…
9. Modifying learning environments
can enhance education for all?
According to research, Yes!
Auditory Training
Compensation Strategies
Modifications to students learning
environments
Interaction Modifications
10. Auditory Training Activities
Tailored to each students’ needs
Strengthen neural connections
Help to change students’ auditory
behaviour
Discussed further within the paper…
11. Compensating for APD
Specific compensation strategies
• responsible for staying attentive
• remembering information
• ask for clarification
Research whole class benefits
• becoming more engaged listeners
• enhanced learning outcomes for all
12. Modification to students’
learning environments
Background noise
Speech recognition
Social development
Learning for all
students
Young students
ESL students
Students with
hearing difficulties
13. Modification to students’
learning environments
Background noise
Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
Reverberation times (RT)
Discussed further within the paper…
15. Thank you…
Auditory Processing Disorder:
Modifying Learning Environments
Can Enhance Education for All
8th and 9th of February
16. References (slide 1 of 3)
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2005a). Acoustics in educational settings: Technical report [Technical
Report]. Retrieved December 22, 2012, from www.asha.org/docs/html/TR2005-00042.html
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2005b). (Central) auditory processing disorders[Technical
Report]. Retrieved December 22, 2012, from www.asha.org/docs/html/TR2005-00043.html
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2005c). Guidelines for addressing acoustics in educational
settings [Guidelines]. Retrieved December 22, 2012, from www.asha.org/docs/html/GL2005-00023.html
Bellis, T. (n.d.). Understanding auditory processing disorders in children. Retrieved November 23, 2012,
from www.asha.org/public/hearing/Understanding-Auditory-Processing-Disorders-in-Children
Bellis, T. (2003). Assessment and management of central auditory processing disorders in the educational setting: From
science to practice (2nd ed.). San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing Group. Retrieved January 3, 2013,
fromhttp://books.google.com.au/books?id=d7DfI52k2CUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=bellis&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Yrzj
UKOlGqnqmAWusIGQCg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=cause&f=false
Bellis, T. (2006). Audiological behavioral assessment of APD. In Parthasarathy, T. (Ed.), An introduction to auditory processing
disorders in children. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers. Retrieved January 3, 2013,
from http://books.google.com.au/books?id=VekIHstULUwC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=Bellis&f=false
Cognitive Concepts, Inc. (1998). Earobics auditory development and phonics program [Computer software]. Evanston, Il.
Department of Education and Training. (2012). Education for children with a disability: A guide for parents.Retrieved January
3, 2013,
from http://education.qld.gov.au/studentservices/learning/disability/parentguide/docs/infoguide_parents.pdf
Department of Education, Training and Employment. (2013). Learning and Disability Support. Retrieved January 3, 2013,
from http://education.qld.gov.au/studentservices/learning/index.html
17. References (slide 2 of 3)
Foli, K. (2002). Like sound through water. New York, NY: Pocketbooks. Retrieved November 24, 2012,
from http://books.google.com.au/books?id=dLXskV6IPskC&printsec=frontcover&dq=like+sound+through+water
&hl=en&sa=X&ei=skW0UIaWCujqmAXtqYDoAg&redir_esc=y
Friend, P. & Cook, L. (2007). Interactions: Collaboration skills for school professionals (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Heward, W. (2013). Exceptional children: An introduction to special education (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson
Education, Inc.
Jerger, J. & Musiek, F. (2000). Report of the consensus conference on the diagnosis of auditory processing disorders in
school-aged children. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 11(9), 467-474. Retrieved January 3, 2013,
from http://www.bsnpta.org/geeklog/public_html/filemgmt/filemgmt_data/files/Auditory_Processing_Disorder
s_in_Children.pdf
Jirsa, R. (2003). Management of children with APDs. Hearing Journal, 56 (2), 42. doi: 10.1097/01.HJ.0000292584.99205.92
Keith, R. (2004). Auditory processing disorders. In Roeser, R. & Downs, M. (Eds.), Auditory disorders in school children: The
law, identification and remediation (4th ed.). New York, NY: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. Retrieved January 3,
2013,
from http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6jRYWYSg29MC&printsec=frontcover&dq=auditory+disorders+in+s
chool+children&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GQrlUKvROIrRlAWwyoDwAg#v=onepage&q=auditory%20disorders%20in%20sc
hool%20children&f=false
Martin, J. & Keith, R. (2009). Central auditory processing disorders. In Newton, V. (Ed.), Paediatric audiological
medicine (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Retrieved November 24, 2012,
fromhttp://site.ebrary.com/lib/unisouthernqld/Doc?id=10278658&ppg=241
Mense, B., Debney, S. & Druce, T. (2005). Ready set remember: Short-term auditory memory activities.
Camberwell, VIC: ACER Press. Retrieved December 26, 2012
from http://search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.usq.edu.au/fullText;dn=322293911066250;res=IELHSS
18. References (slide 3 of 3)
Passy, J. (2003). A handful of sounds: Cued articulation in practice. Camberwell, VIC: ACER Press. Retrieved
December 26, 2012,
from http://search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.usq.edu.au/fullText;dn=311579952592786;res=IELHSS
Passy, J. (2010). Cued articulation: Consonants and vowels (Revised ed.). Camberwell, VIC: ACER Press.
Rowe, K., Rowe, K. & Pollard, J. (2004). ‘Literacy behaviour’ and auditory processing: Building ‘Fences’ at the top
of the ‘cliff’ in preference to ambulance services at the bottom. In 2004 - Supporting Student Wellbeing:
what does the research tell us about social and emotional development of young people?:ACER's
Research Conference 2004. Adelaide, SA: ACEReSearch. Retrieved January 2, 2013,
fromhttp://research.acer.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=research_conference_2004
Sirimanna, T. (2012). Auditory processing disorder. In Peer, L. & Gavin, R. (Eds.), Special education needs: A
guide for inclusive practice. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Retrieved November 23, 2012,
fromhttp://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0eJPQM3KidkC&oi=fnd&pg=PA82&dq=%22audit
ory+processing+disorder%22&ots=vEI6SbX2jV&sig=fD7tLu4W54JNDMT_Lhhi9fut6Kg#v=onepage&q=
%22auditory%20processing%20disorder%22&f=false
Toe, D. (2009). Managing the listening environment: Classroom acoustics and assistive listening devices. In
Newton, V. (Ed.), Paediatric audiological medicine (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retrieved November 24, 2012,
from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/unisouthernqld/Doc?id=10278658&ppg=241
Woliver, R. (2008). Alphabet kids – From ADD to Zellweger Syndrome: A guide to developmental, neurobiological
and psychological disorders for parents and professionals. London: Jessica Kingsley
Publishers. Retrieved November 24, 2012,
from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/unisouthernqld/Doc?id=10273795&ppg=64
