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What is the value of a scientific article?
- 1. What is the value of a scientific article? Thoughts about the state of scholarly publishing! Anders Kastberg @kast12berg 1/35 November, 2014
- 2. The past - current status Now - Changes Near future - What’s happening? Moving on - Do WE need to change? Outline: time 2/35
- 3. Current state of affairs Current state 3/35 of affairs
- 4. How do we diffuse our research? Articles! Current state 4/35 of affairs
- 5. How do we diffuse our research? Articles! Format determined by technical limitations Current state 4/35 of affairs
- 6. Evaluations are dominated by publication statistics Current state of affairs Evaluation of journals Impact factor Evaluation of articles Citation statistics Evaluation of scientists/ Number of publications institutes/universities h-factor 5/35
- 7. So, is there a problem with all this? changes = problems Problems/ 6/35 Changes
- 8. Who is in control? Thomson Reuter has the power to control global research policies Problems/ 7/35 Changes
- 9. There are other sources than ISI Who should I trust? Problems/ 8/35 Changes
- 10. There are other sources than ISI 254 165 Who should I trust? Problems/ 8/35 Changes
- 11. Misconduct / malpractice • Plagiarism • Cheating • Citation cartels • Predatory Open Access Problems/ 9/35 Changes
- 12. Is it possible to communicate science in any other way? We have always communicated in more ways! Problems/ 10/35 Changes
- 13. Is it possible to communicate science in any other way? We have always communicated in more ways! WHAT’S NEW? other things than articles leave searchable traces! Problems/ 10/35 Changes
- 14. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? 11/35
- 15. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? Reports in media 11/35
- 16. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? Reports in media Social media 11/35
- 17. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? Reports in media Social media Blogs, other places on the web … 11/35
- 18. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? Reports in media Social media Blogs, other places on the web … 11/35
- 19. The internet! Problems/ Changes How often is an article downloaded? How often is an article read? Reports in media Social media Blogs, other places on the web … Things that CAN be measured WILL be measured! 11/35
- 20. Digital identifiers DOI - the fingerprint of a scientific article crossref.org Problems/ 12/35 Changes
- 21. Digital identifiers DOI - the fingerprint of a scientific article crossref.org Exemple: Problems/ 12/35 Changes
- 22. Digital identifiers DOI - the fingerprint of a scientific article crossref.org More than 70 million registered links Problems/ 12/35 Changes
- 23. Digital identifiers ORCID - the digital ID of researchers orcid.org Problems/ 13/35 Changes
- 24. Digital identifiers ORCID - the digital ID of researchers orcid.org Problems/ • Searching articles facilitated • Ensures that you are properly credited • Change of name or institute no longer a problem • Standardized CV and list of publications online 13/35 Changes
- 25. Digital identifiers ORCID - the digital ID of researchers orcid.org Problems/ • Searching articles facilitated • Ensures that you are properly credited • Change of name or institute no longer a problem • Standardized CV and list of publications online 13/35 Changes
- 26. Digital identifiers ORCID - the digital ID of researchers orcid.org Problems/ • Searching articles facilitated • Ensures that you are properly credited • Change of name or institute no longer a problem • Standardized CV and list of publications online 13/35 Changes
- 27. Types of publications - possible problems with traditional journals • Pseudo-monopoly - market signals don’t work • Huge increase in submissions • ⇒ price increase • Could this be solved by Open Access? Maybe, maybe not Problems/ 14/35 Changes
- 28. Types of publications - new types of journals • Pure Open Access journals (OA gold) • You pay for publishing - reading is free • Changes to peer review • post-peer review • Incorporated article metrics Problems/ 15/35 Changes
- 29. Types of publications - new types of journals Problems/ Changes One example: “The Public Library of Science” 16/35
- 30. Types of publications - new types of journals Problems/ 16/35 Changes
- 31. PLOS ONE Problems/ 17/35 Changes
- 32. PLOS ONE • Open for all fields of science • Impact factor: 3.534 (2013) • 31520 articles published 2013 • Publication cost: USD 1350 • Peer review: a bit different Problems/ 17/35 Changes
- 33. PLOS ONE - peer review Problems/ Changes The “interest” will not be assessed by the referees Instead, there is a “post-peer review”, via comments and metrics 18/35
- 34. PLOS ONE - peer review Problems/ Changes The “interest” will not be assessed by the referees Instead, there is a “post-peer review”, via comments and metrics 18/35
- 35. PLOS ONE - peer review Problems/ Changes The “interest” will not be assessed by the referees Instead, there is a “post-peer review”, via comments and metrics 18/35
- 36. PLOS ONE - peer review Problems/ Changes The “interest” will not be assessed by the referees Instead, there is a “post-peer review”, via comments and metrics 18/35
- 37. PLOS ONE • No copy editing • Life science dominates • Subject areas identified automatically? Problems/ 19/35 Changes
- 38. PLOS ONE Problems/ Changes one example: quantum tunneling in PLOS ONE 19/35
- 39. PLOS ONE Problems/ Changes one example: quantum tunneling in PLOS ONE discussion on: ! http://19/35 anderskastberg.wordpress.com
- 40. Types of publications - new types of journals Other new journals Do we dilute science publishing? Problems/ 20/35 Changes
- 41. Types of publications - not limited by articles • Data • Software • Images • Videos • Experimental setups • Negative results • Reproduction of previous research Problems/ 21/35 Changes
- 42. Biomedicine rules Problems/ Changes Many policies based on needs in biomedicine Things are different in fields less intense on citations This is not necessarily good for us 22/35
- 43. Developments already on the way Alternative metrics What’s 23/35 happening now?
- 44. Alternative metics? Complementary metrics? What’s 24/35 happening now?
- 45. Societal impact • Citations • Downloads • Saves in Mendeley, etc. • Mentions in books • Wikipedia • Exposure in media • Blogs • Social media • Patents • Impact on legislation • Policy documents How can such things be measured, and normalized in a fair way? What’s 25/35 happening now?
- 46. This already exists! What’s 26/35 happening now?
- 47. This already exists! What’s 26/35 happening now?
- 48. This already exists! What’s 26/35 happening now?
- 49. This already exists! What’s 26/35 happening now?
- 50. This already exists! What’s 26/35 happening now?
- 51. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 52. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 53. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 54. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 55. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 56. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 57. Example of Altmetrics in action: What’s 27/35 happening now?
- 58. It’s not just about evaluations • Can facilitate literature searches GREATLY! • Helps me select between thousands of articles • Vanity! Who reads my article? What’s 28/35 happening now?
- 59. What should we do? Do we need to 29/35 adapt?
- 60. What should we do? Do we need to adapt? Does everything have to be evaluated? Isn’t peer review enough? Can competence ever be reduced to a number? A world totally void of quantified evaluations will probably never exist 30/35
- 61. Unfortunately unavoidable Do we need to adapt? Someone WILL measure our work. Isn’t better if we have some insight/control in this? 31/35
- 62. Who should decide how science is evaluated? Do we need to adapt? Maybe we need a new, community driven, non-for profit organization? Maybe a good thing that we have more than ONE type of measuring? 32/35
- 63. Should we register at all these sites? Should we be active on social media? ORCID Yes! ResearchID, Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed …… Maybe twitter, blogs If you like it Mendeley, Zotero ….. If it helps your productivity Do we need to 33/35 adapt?
- 64. What is the value of a scientific article? Should we persist with articles as the only true method for dissemination and evaluation? Do we need to adapt? Think about it! 34/35
- 65. What is the value of a scientific article? The general public is ignorant about science (?) Do we need to adapt? Who’s fault is that? Think about it! 34/35
- 66. What is the value of a scientific article? The younger among us may need to adapt! Do we need to adapt? • New types of journals • New types of metrics • Social media and such nonsense Think about it! 34/35
- 67. ¡Muchas gracias! Anders Kastberg @kast12berg this talk is published on figshare: 35/35 November, 2014