logical organization of ideas through coherence and cohesion

2. 1.Abstract Terms
- refer to ideas or concepts that are
intangible
Examples:
love, freedom, feminism

3. 1.General Terms
- commonly used to denote groups
- refer to an individual component of
the group
Examples:
cabinets, desks, chairs
Example: furniture
Specific Terms

4. 1. Concrete: “He was shivering violently
from the cold.”
Abstract: “The joy in the air was
palpable.”
General: “He gave her a piece of
jewelry.”
Specific: “Each green stone had fire in
its facets.”

5. What I Have Learned
Directions: Choose the best word/group of words that will complete each statement. Write your answer on a
separate sheet.
1. ____________is a writing pattern that is used to tell a story.
2. A narrative text contains the ________________________which
gives direction in the story.
3. ______________are words or phrases that help carry a thought from
one sentence to
another, from one idea to another, or from one paragraph to another.
4. Most of the common signal words to show ________ of events are
first, next, then, after and suddenly.
5. The__________of events helps to show the reader how the story
moves.
Chronological Order Narration Signal words Sequence Plot

6. II. Description
• - the pattern of development which goes into
details about a specific object, person, or
location, in order to firmly set its appearance
What does it look like?
What are its characteristics?

7. Example
It was late spring the last time we saw
Ross. He was standing at the edge of the hill,
and he never so much as looked up even
though we were sure he knew we were there.
There was a bunch of flowers clutched to his
fist, but there really was no reason for him to
be standing there. We knew that Carrie wasn't
coming to see him. But he stood there anyway,
waiting, even as the afternoon sunlight
deepened towards the evening. He must have
been standing there for hours.

8. 1.2. Way of Narration
- refers to how the writer presents the
story
- includes the pace by which scenes
are given out
* Having natural progression of time
to the events of the story makes a
good writing.

9. 1. Clipped Narration
“He came and talked to us. Then he left the
house and then he drove the car back home.
Paced Narration
“He came and talked to us for a few moments.
He seemed upset, but he managed to get
through all the bad news. Shaking our hands
before he left the house come twilight, he
seemed to feel better now that he had delivered
the news. He waved from the car as he pulled
out of the driveway, narrowly missing the
mailbox again, and drove off to return home.”

10. 1.3. Terminology
- places emphasis on the fact that
concepts are critical to the narration
* Writers must choose how to address
terms and which ones they want to
use in order to create an appropriate
setting.

11. 1.Concrete Terms
- words that identify things, places,
and events that can be measured and
observed
- terms that have physical
manifestation in our world
Examples:
spoon, dog, house

12. Patterns
of
Paragraph
Development

13. I. Narration
•- the most basic pattern of
development
- describes how, when, and where an
event or occurrence actually happened
- used to tell a story or focus on a set of
related events

14. Narration
a story normally chronological contain story components
sequential presentation
of events is observed
contain action words:
verbs & adverbs
& transition words
1 2 3 4 5

15. Example:
When I was 11, my cousin and I discovered
how much fun it was to play in the mud. We
would pretend to be making mud pies.
Sometimes we would splatter each other in a
game of war. One day we imagined that we
were pigs and flopped down on our backs in
a mud puddle. Then we had a contest to see
who could make the most convincing oink. My
mother came home, caught wallowing, and
threw a it. She said that we had gotten our
clothes filthy and would have to wash them
ourselves. And then she made us do it, too!

16. Components of Narrative Text
1.1. Logical Actions
- are considered the very movements
within the plot or the narrative that
drive the characters forward, be it
during the dialogue, or within a scene

17. Description
elucidate the nature
of people, places &
things
record a series of
detailed observations
go light on adjectives
& adverbs and look
for ways to describe
actions
physical descriptions use of sensory language
1 2 3 4 5

18. Characteristics of
Description
•● has a clear focus and sense of
purpose
● uses sensory details and precise
words
● presents details in a logical order

19. Description
TWO TYPES
subjective objective
-describing an impression of
what is observed
- often used in fiction
- ex: "It was a dark and lonely night."
-This helps us imagine the kind of
night it was.
- usualy employed in reportial
and scientific writing
-present an impartial and actual
picture of an object/ scene
- ex: detectives cover crime scenes
as not to influence judgment

20. Varieties of Description
•1. Objective Description
- looks into factual and scientific
characteristics of what is being
described as objectively as possible
* The writer stays away from
emotional impressions or responses
and instead, describes the scene as it is.

21. Example
The Acer barbatum is a small to medium-sized,
deciduous tree usually ranging from 15 to 25 m.
(50 to 80 ft.) tall when mature. Its bark is light
gray and smooth on younger trees, and it becomes
ridged and furrowed with age. Leaves are opposite
and shallowly to deeply palmately lobed, with a
few blunt teeth but no serrations. The leaf sinuses
are rounded, unlike those of red maple (Acer
rubrum) which are sharply V-shaped. Also, the
sides of terminal leaf lobes are more or less
parallel, while those of red maple are widest at the
base, tapering to the tip.