2. The word dignity originates from two Latin
words, dignitus (merit) and dignus (worth).
Death is the action or fact of dying or being killed; the
end of the life of a person or organism.
Dying is a process that involves the cessation of
physical, psychological, social and spiritual life here on
earth.
3. To have a dignified death we consider the physical,
emotional and spiritual needs of patients in
palliative care setting.
Physical needs- when trying to enhance and
preserve dignity, symptom control and being
placed in the correct environment are important in
delivering dignified end-of-life care.
4. Emotional needs- important actions for healthcare
professionals providing end-of-life care include
communicating, listening, conveying empathy, and
involving patients in decision-making.
Spiritual needs- spiritual care goes beyond the scope
of religion, it involves more than facilitating access to
the relevant chaplains.
5. Dignity can be upheld by measures such as symptom
control ; promoting independence, privacy, social
support and a positive tone of care; listening, giving
appropriate information, having a caring bedside
manner; and showing respect, empathy and
companionship.
6. Greek word eu meaning easy, thanatos meaning
death.
“Death without suffering”; ”easy death”.
It is the deliberate putting to death, in an easy,
painless way, of an individual suffering from an
incurable and agonizing disease.
7. A. Active Euthanasia
B. Passive Euthanasia
C. Indirect Euthanasia
D. Physician-assisted Suicide
Although euthanasia is illegal in most countries, a few like
Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg have legalized it
under certain conditions. Disapproval of euthanasia has
been reported to be higher among those with strong
religious beliefs.
8. “bad death”; artificially postponed death
Opposite to the concept of euthanasia
Slow, painful death without quality of life.
Used to extend the process of dying that only prolongs
the patient’s biological life. It neither has dignity or
improvement.
9. Natural manner of death and dying.
Sometimes used to denote the deliberate stopping
of artificial or heroic means of maintaining life.
Involves the suspension of medical procedures for
terminal phase patients, which leads to a natural
death, relieving the symptoms that cause suffering.
10. The use of medications to induce decreased or absent
awareness in order to relieve otherwise intractable
suffering at the end of life.
It is a measure of last resort rather than general care
for patients whose symptoms cannot be controlled by
any other means.
11. Barbiturates - Causes brain activity and nervous
system activity to slow down; sedatives.
Example;
Secobarbital and Nembutano- both can be used alone
or in combination; also used in animal euthanasia.
12. Advance directives are legal documents that allow you
to spell out your decisions about end-life care ahead of
time. They give you a way to tell your wishes to family,
friends, and health care professionals and to avoid
confusion later on.
13. A living will tell which treatments she/he wants if
they are dying or permanently unconscious. They can
accept or refuse medical care.
They may include instructions on:
a) The use of dialysis and breathing machines
b) To be resuscitated if breathing or heartbeat stops.
c) Tube feeding
d) Organ or tissue donation
14. End of life care includes palliative care. If you have an
illness that can’t be cured, based on the understanding
that death is investable. Palliative care makes you as
comfortable as possible, by managing your pain and
other distressing symptoms.
It also involves physiological, social and spiritual
support for you and your family or careers.
15. Have such as concern advanced incurable illness.
Have existing conditions if they are at risk of dying
from a sudden crisis in their condition.
Have a life threatening acute condition caused by a
sudden catastrophic event.
18. Formulate the
goals of care
Consider the patient’s
experience of the
illness
Consider the
illness
Consider the patient
as a person
Consider possible
treatments
Patient and
family
Healthcare
Team
