2. Profile International Marketing
Establish and adjust the Marketing Mix
October,31st 2012 - Perth Western Australia
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
3. Agenda
Welcome.
Company Overview.
Mission, Vision and Value.
Japan Culture.
Facts and Data.
Competitors.
Swot Analysis.
Pest Analysis.
Target Marketing.
Marketing Mix.
Marketing Strategy.
Marketing Campaign .
Reference.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
4. WELCOME
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
5. 10
Health Benefits of Beer drinking!
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
6. 10
1. Strong Bones.
2. Strong Heart.
3. Healthier Kidneys
4. Boosting Brain Health
5. Reduced Cancer Risk
6. Boosting Vitamin Levels
7. Guarding Against Stroke
8. Reduced risk for Diabetes
9. Lower Blood pressure
10. Longer Life
Health Benefits of Beer drinking!
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
7. 10
1. Strong Bones.
2. Strong Heart.
3. Healthier Kidneys
4. Boosting Brain Health
5. Reduced Cancer Risk
6. Boosting Vitamin Levels
7. Guarding Against Stroke
8. Reduced risk for Diabetes
9. Lower Blood pressure
10. Longer Life
Health Benefits of Beer drinking!
M – O – D – E – R –A– T – E
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
8. Medical approval
“‘To drink moderately is to drink within the limits set by your “Researchers found that people who drank about a pint
health, the society in which you live and your obligations of beer a day had a 31 % reduced risk of heart disease”.
towards your family and friends’.
Published in the European Journal of Epidemiology, the
study is an analysis of 16 studies involving more than
200,000 participants
Source: The New England Journal of Medicine,2012
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology,2012
‘”There is strong evidence that moderate drinkers have a
substantially reduced risk of heart attack’.”
Source:American College of Cardiology,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
9. History
• Little Creatures started on 2000 with friends that had worked together in breweries.
• Little Creatures is based in Fremantle.
• A Japanese group called Lion bough Little Creatures by AUD 380 million.
• 2011 Revenue was AUD 70 million.
• Net Profits AUD 9.2 million (2011).
• In 2012 AUD 11.6 million.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
10. Mission, Vision & Values
Core Business:
Little Creatures’ core business is beer.
Vision:
Little Creatures aims at making great beer and great communities.
Mission:
Little Creatures strives to improve organisational performance, customer
satisfaction and profitability.
Value:
Be Passionate.
Be Caring and community minded.
Share the experience of great beer.
Be proud.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
11. History
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton
Staff: 300
Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
12. Little Creatures’ portfolio
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
13. Map of Japan
Area 377 887 square kilometers
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
14. Japan
Fast facts about Japan
Population: 127,728,000
Capital: Tokyo: 35,327,000
Area: 377,887 square kilometers
Language: Japanese
Religion: Shinto, Buddhist
Currency: Yen
Life Expectancy: 81
GDP per Capita: U.S. $28,700
Literacy Percent: 99
Head of State HM Emperor Akihito
Head of Government Prime Minister He Mr Yoshihiko Noda
Australian exports to Japan: A$46,880 million
Australian imports from Japan: A$16,685 million
Japan's principal export destinations: China, USA, Republic of Korea
Japan’s principal import sources China, USA,Australia
Source: Japan Statistics Bureau ,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
15. Modern Transportation System
Shinkansen or
“ Bullet train “
Connects from North to South and
East to West!
Source: Japan Metro,2012
300 KM/H
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
16. Japan
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
17. Do you know …
Which are the top 3 most expensive
cities in the world?
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
18. Do you know …
Which are the top 3 most expensive cities in the
world?
1
2 3
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
19. Do you know …
Which are the top 3 most expensive cities in the
world?
Osaka,Japan
1
2 3
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
20. Do you know …
Which are the top 3 most expensive cities in the
world?
Luanda,Angola Osaka,Japan
1
2 3
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
21. The top 3 most expensive city in
the world is… Tokyo, Japan
Luanda, Angola Osaka, Japan
1
2 3
Source:Mercer,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
22. Rank 2012 Rank 2011 City Country
1 2 Tokyo Japan
2 1 Luanda Angola
The top 50 most
3 6 Osaka Japan
4 4 Moscow Russia
expensive city in the 5
6
5
7
Geneva
Zurich
Switzerland
Switzerland
world is… 6
8
8
3
Singapore
N'Djamena
Singapore
Chad
9 9 Hong Kong Hong Kong
10 11 Nagoya Japan
11 14 Sydney Australia
12 10 São Paulo Brazil
13 12 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
14 16 Bern Switzerland
15 21 Melbourne Australia
16 21 Shanghai China
17 20 Beijing China
18 15 Oslo Norway
19 30 Perth Australia
20 12 Libreville Gabon
21 17 Copenhagen Denmark
22 19 Seoul South Korea
23 34 Canberra Australia
24 31 Brisbane Australia
25 18 London UK
26 44 Khartoum Sudan
27 46 Adelaide Australia
28 29 St. Petersburg Russia
29 51 Caracas Venezuela
30 43 Shenzhen China Source:Mercer,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
23. Source: Mercer,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
24. Source: Mercer,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
25. Do you know what happen when a
Japanese person drink a few
beers?
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
26. Source: Takahito Nishiama in “Costume Party “Perth,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
27. FACTS & DATAS
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
28. Why the Japanese market would be
a friendly market?
Japanese Dream Beer Survey,2011
Source: Japan Dream Beer Survey,2011
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
29. World’s beer
production
China is the first beer producer in
the world with 25.1 Million
Kilolitres.
Followed by USA with 23.08
Million Kilolitres.
Together China and USA have
33% of the world production.
Source:Kirin,2011
Japan is the sixth beer producer
with 6.53 million kilolitres.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
30. Key Highlights
• The earthquake and Tsunami in March,2011 impacted at leading domestic brewers.
• The beer flavoured soft drinks phenomenon also impacted upon beer consumption.
• Imported new beer is expected to remain one of the key competitors to domestic beer.
• Beer imports recorded strong growth due to low prices.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
31. Current Trends
• Hot summers.
• Possibility of acquiring an imported beer at a lower price.
• High value of the yen.
• Change in consumer needs for drinks with lower alcohol levels.
• Beer is becoming more popular, whether for domestic or imported product.
• The novelty and fashion of imported beers has increased.
• The Japanese trend market for beers is growing in dry beers segment.
Source:Weather.com,2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
32. Who drinks more?
In Japan
Source: Europe Breweries,2012 70%
of the alcohol
sold is Beer!
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
33. r ?
bee
a
rd
f fo
a
to
e
17’
t ak
it
s
doe
g
l on Source: UBS, Swiss bank,2012
ow
H
Two analysis:
1.Good wages
2.Price of beers
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
34. is
of beer
.88% 16% of
…… k by !
drun sumers
con
12
v,20
mbe
c e: A
Sour
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
35. Tokyo’s Workforce
Source: Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications; “Population Census”, 2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
36. Salary in Tokyo
Source: Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications; “Population Census”, 2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
37. Demographic data
Source: Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications; “Population Census”, 2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
38. COMPETITORS
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
39. Position of competitors
by brand in Japan,2011
Market Share %
Source: Statistics Japan, 2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
40. High price
Perceptual map
high quality
Low quality
Low price
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
41. High price
Perceptual map
high quality
Low quality
Low price
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
42. Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
43. ANALYSIS
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
44. P E S T – Analysis
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
45. Law Prohibiting Minors from Drinking
This law, first enacted in 1922
Article 1
1. Persons under 20 years of age must not consume beverage alcohol.
2. When persons with parental rights or persons acting as guardians in place of parents learn
that minors are drinking beverage alcohol, they must stop such consumption.
3. Enterprises involved in selling or giving beverage alcohol must not do so if they learn that
these beverages are to be consumed by persons under 20 years of age.
4. Enterprises selling or giving beverage alcohol are required to confirm the age of consumers
and take other measures necessary to prevent alcohol intake by persons under 20 years of
age.
Article 2
•Beverage alcohol or containers of alcohol possessed by persons under 20 years of age for the
purpose of consumption may be subject to the necessary measures, such as confiscation or
disposal, based on administrative decisions.
Source: Japan Constitution, 2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
46. P E S T – Analysis
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
47. SWOT – Analysis
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
48. Target Marketing
Who is Little Creatures
targeted at?
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
49. Target Marketing
Who is Little Creatures
targeted at?
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
50. Target Marketing
Consumer Actions: To drink
beers with friends in PUB’S
and Restaurants.
Brand: transmit credibility,
security and confidence.
Tokyo, Japan
Loyalty: High probability in
drinking the favourite brand
in the future.
User status: Usual drink at
least 2 times per week.
Customer Values: Gender: Male and Female
Friendship, family and work. Age:20 to 45
Attitudes: Status Marriage: Single
Courage and Pleasure. Education: Graduate and
Life Style: Undergraduate
Entertainment, fun and freedom. Occupation: Tertiary Industry
Income: 2194 Y
Population:13 mil
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
51. Target Marketing
Gender: Male and Female
Age:20 to 45
Status Marriage: Single
Education: Graduate and
Undergraduate
Occupation: Tertiary Industry
Income: 2194 Y
Population:13 mil
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
52. Target Marketing
Consumer Actions: To drink
beers with friends in PUB’S
and Restaurants.
Brand: transmit credibility,
security and confidence.
Loyalty: High probability in
drinking the favourite brand
in the future.
User status: Usual drink at
least 2 times per week.
Customer Values:
Friendship, family and work.
Attitudes:
Courage and Pleasure.
Life Style:
Entertainment, fun and freedom.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
53. MARKETING STRATEGY
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
54. Marketing Strategy
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
55. Marketing Strategy
Little Creatures has well-specific products for the market, it is a high quality beer and it is
expected to build strong Brand loyalty.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
56. d?
iti o ne
Strategic Positioning po s
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Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
57. ho
ple w
peo
ng
or y ou
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iti one edien
Strategic Positioning e po s ngr
yi
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in J ade fr s daily
res m nt
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Cre sana mp
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ow a a all a ag
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Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
58. X
Marketing mix
Physical good Beer
Service Beverage
Features Special Malt and water
Quality level High quality of malt and components
Accessories Glasses
Installation Chiba
Instructions Keep it in fresh environment
Warranty Drink for the estimated date
Product lines
Pale Ale,Bright Ale,Pilsner,Roger Beer
Packaging 330 ml glass bottle
Branding Label and Stylized bottle
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
59. X
Marketing mix
Because…
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
61. Distributor Category Vendors
Wholesaler All alcoholic beverages 6,589
Other 5,909
Total 12,498
Retailer All alcoholic beverages 176,773
Other 7,299
Total 184,072
Total 196,570
196,570
Source: National Tax Agency,Japan2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
62. X
Marketing mix
Price Beer
Objectives 82 YEN
Flexibility 10% margin
Level over product life cycle Introduction
Allowances Transfer pricing
“Yes, Little Creatures is Y 82”
Presentation AUD IEN
330 ml 4,0 81,23
568 ml 5,68 464,79
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
63. MARKETING CAMPAIGN
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
64. Objective:
Time: From May 2013 to May 2014
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
65. Implementation Plan
5 Promotional Strategies
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
66. 1
Strategy Little Creatures Merchandising
Specific Expose the brand and awareness of Little Creatures.
Measurable Word of Month, free son and local media.
Achievable Through the coaching and following marketing strategy
Realistic Yes
Time 4 weeks
Strategy Little Creatures Official Launch OPINION LEADERS
2
Specific Official Launch of Little Creatures to local opinion leaders.
Measurable Expert opinion ,word of Month, free son and local media.
Achievable Through the expert opinion.
Realistic Yes
Time 1 day
Strategy Little Creatures Night Party
Specific Provide a glamorous night party to key traders in Little Creatures Tokyo.
3
Measurable Acceptance and attendance of guests
Achievable Through the invitation
Realistic Yes
Time One night only
Strategy Little Creatures Festival
4
Specific Provide a glamorous night party to key traders in Little Creatures Tokyo.
Measurable Acceptance and attendance of guests
Achievable Through the invitation
Realistic Yes
Time One night only
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
67. Good food
Your team won! Hard work day!
Racing drive!
happiness
1 Small
accomplishments
Bought a new gift !
friends! music a dating! Studied a lot?
68. 1
Marketing mix
Objectives To Introduce Little Creatures in Tokyo
Promotion Blend
TV,Radio,Magazines,Newspaper,Outdoor,Eletronic
Salespeople Sales and promoters
Kind Face to face promotion
Number 30 women to promote the brand
Selection “ Human Resource Agency ” in Tokyo
Training 1 day training in a Hotel in Tokyo
Motivation Enthusiasm and Energy
Advertising
Celebrate Life!
人生を祝う Targets Man and Woman from 20 to 45 years old
Celebrate Kids of ads
Posters,In- Store Ads,Sports ,Arena and Transit
life
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
69. 1
Merchandising
30 girls
Dressed up as
Little Creatures angel
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
70. 1
War marketing: Cheap and effective
Apple Store Nakamyse Shopping Street
Shinjuku
PUBS
CLUBS
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
71. 1
Meeting point in front of Apple Store
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
72. 1
Electronic Medias
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
73. 1
Concentration at Shibuya Crossing
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
74. 1
A busy street in Shinjuku, Tokyo
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
75. 2
Opinion leaders dinner
.
Business man
Chefs Journalists
Politics
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
76. 3 Night party : Beverage Distribution
Channels in Japan
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
77. 4 Little Creatures Festivals
• market streets,
• business fairs,
• exposition, music's festivals,
• entertainments and shows according to the
Tokyo cultural calendar, 2013.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
78. 5 Little Creatures Sports
Little Creatures will sell beer in baseball games, sumo festival and soccer games.
Source: Tokyo News,2012 “The most preferred sport survey”.
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
79. Reference
Austrade,2012 Trade Australia to Japan, retrieved on August 1rs,from
http://www.austrade.gov.au/
Austrade, Exporters,Retrieved on September 10 th,2012 from:
https://littlecreatures.com.au/
BBC London, 2012,Japan news, retrieved on August 31st, from
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/4126850.stm
Little Creatures, 2012, About us, retrieved on August 8th,
http://www.littlecreatures.com.au
Investsmart,Company Profile,retrieved on October 4 th,2012, from:
http://www.investsmart.com.au/company_profile
Japan Beer Market Insights 2012,Yahoofincancereport, retrieved on October 4th, from:
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/japan-beer-market-insights-2012
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
80. Reference
Maps of World,Demograph of Tokyo,Retrieved on September 9th,2012,from:
http://www.mapsofworld.com/japan/demographics-japan.html
McKinsey, 2012, World trend, retrieved on August 14th,
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/japan/gdp-growth
National Geographic,2012 Japan, retrieved on August 25,
http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/japan-facts/
Statistics Bureau Japan, Demographic Data, Retrieved on September 7th, 2012
from: http://www.stat.go.jp/English/data/handbook/index.htm
Statistics Bureau Japan,Ministery of Internal Affairs and Communication Population Census, Retrieved on September 8 th, 2012 from:
http://stats-japan.com/t/kiji/14569
Statistics Japan, Consumption of Alcohol,Retrieved on September 8th ,2012
from:http://stats-japan.com/t/kiji/14569
The Little Creatures, About beer, Retrieved on September 8th, 2012 from:
https://littlecreatures.com.au/
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
81. ARIGATO!!!
Diploma of Marketing Lecture: Cathy Dalton Tiago Antonio Ferreira da Silva November,14th 2012 Perth Western Australia
