Public Speaking Techniques One of the things you may hav.docxgertrudebellgrove
Public Speaking Techniques
One of the things you may have noticed about this course is that it took us nine sessions before
we start to talk in earnest today about speeches as a part of leadership communication. This
was for a reason. While we as a society inherently focus on speeches as a very public forum to
test a leader's ability to inspire a vision, take charge, and create a sense of magnetism, the truth
is that most leaders communicate much more in other settings which are not so public. Most
leaders spend much more time in small group meetings, interacting with people
person-to-person, making calls, drafting memos, and the like, than they will ever spend making
speeches. These other forms of communication are, in many respects, just as important if not
more so than any speech a leader could giv
But nonetheless, speeches are an important part of a leader's job. While they may be infrequent
for many leaders, speeches provide one of the best platforms for a leader to inspire a collective
vision within his/her followers. They are a very public way of displaying the pathos and ethos of
the leader's message and can provide a memorable way to cement values into a corporate
culture
One of the reasons we spent so much time prior to this week on the topic of knowing yourself,
knowing your audience, and crafting a message is that these are essential elements of any
good speech. Great speeches don't just happen; they require a great deal of foresight, practice,
and cultivation. One of the books we read for this course, Talk Like TED, provides some of the
basics of what it takes to create a compelling speech. We will look at some of these elements
together in this session by looking at Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech. While most
of us will never have the chance to speak from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to a crowd of
tens of thousands, my hope is that, by dissecting his speech, we can gain some insight into how
to create our own speeches that can inspire others towards a common goal, much as MLK did
with his speech.
Text of the "I Have a Dream" Speech
First, let's read the text of the "I Have a Dream" speech together:
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration
for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the
Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to
millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a
joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the
Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst o ...
Student 1Student ENG 11008 March 2015The King of Equalit.docxjohniemcm5zt
Student 1
Student
ENG 1100
8 March 2015
The King of Equality Comment by Katie: Thoughtful title!
On August 28, 1936 Martin Luther King Jr. gave one of the best known speeches in American history. When people commemorate the “I Have a Dream” speech, as it has come to be identified, they recall King’s powerful message about civil rights and the true meaning of freedom in America. In the famous “I Have a Dream” speech, Martin Luther King Jr. uses a number of rhetorical devices in order to match his word choice to the strength of his message. Numerous examples of allusion, parallelism, and anaphora are used as tactics to amplify the intensity of his message. Comment by Katie: Great thesis—it makes a clear claim and provides a forecast of your paper’s outline.
King begins his speech with a reference to the Gettysburg address, “Five score years ago…” (King par. 2).The opening allusion is exceptionally moving given that King spoke in front of the Lincoln Memorial. King uses examples of allusions, or references to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. Allusions can be direct or indirect, and are often used to broaden the reader’s understanding. The Gettysburg Address is not the only historical piece referenced in King’s speech; the Declaration of Independence is also referenced in paragraph four of the “I Have a Dream” speech. The speech reads, “This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the ‘unalienable Rights’ of ‘Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness’" (King par. 4). Martin Luther King Jr. addresses the Declaration of Independence in order to get his supporters to recognize the equal rights that they deserve as Americans. In order to provide an honorable basis, King uses numerous biblical allusions. Two examples of biblical allusions used in the speech include Psalms 30:5 and Jeremiah 2:13. King cries ‘It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.” (King par. 2) referring to Psalms 30:5, “For his anger is but for a moment; his favor is for a lifetime. Weeping may linger for the night, but joy comes with the morning” (Dlugan, Andrew). Martin Luther King Jr. is expressing that the struggle for the black community was long and hard but the freedom they will receive will last a lifetime. Jeremiah 2:13 was also a biblical verse King evokes in his speech proclaiming, “Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred,” (King par. 8) referring to Jeremiah 2:13, “For my people have committed two evils: they have forsaken me, the fountain of living water, and dug out cisterns for themselves, cracked cisterns that can hold no water” (Dlugan, Andrew). King is using this biblical verse to explain to his people that they must fight peacefully, without violence and hatred, and if they do they will be rewarded for their peaceful behavior. Comment by Katie: It may be a good .
Public Speaking Techniques One of the things you may hav.docxgertrudebellgrove
Public Speaking Techniques
One of the things you may have noticed about this course is that it took us nine sessions before
we start to talk in earnest today about speeches as a part of leadership communication. This
was for a reason. While we as a society inherently focus on speeches as a very public forum to
test a leader's ability to inspire a vision, take charge, and create a sense of magnetism, the truth
is that most leaders communicate much more in other settings which are not so public. Most
leaders spend much more time in small group meetings, interacting with people
person-to-person, making calls, drafting memos, and the like, than they will ever spend making
speeches. These other forms of communication are, in many respects, just as important if not
more so than any speech a leader could giv
But nonetheless, speeches are an important part of a leader's job. While they may be infrequent
for many leaders, speeches provide one of the best platforms for a leader to inspire a collective
vision within his/her followers. They are a very public way of displaying the pathos and ethos of
the leader's message and can provide a memorable way to cement values into a corporate
culture
One of the reasons we spent so much time prior to this week on the topic of knowing yourself,
knowing your audience, and crafting a message is that these are essential elements of any
good speech. Great speeches don't just happen; they require a great deal of foresight, practice,
and cultivation. One of the books we read for this course, Talk Like TED, provides some of the
basics of what it takes to create a compelling speech. We will look at some of these elements
together in this session by looking at Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech. While most
of us will never have the chance to speak from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to a crowd of
tens of thousands, my hope is that, by dissecting his speech, we can gain some insight into how
to create our own speeches that can inspire others towards a common goal, much as MLK did
with his speech.
Text of the "I Have a Dream" Speech
First, let's read the text of the "I Have a Dream" speech together:
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration
for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the
Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to
millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a
joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the
Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst o ...
Student 1Student ENG 11008 March 2015The King of Equalit.docxjohniemcm5zt
Student 1
Student
ENG 1100
8 March 2015
The King of Equality Comment by Katie: Thoughtful title!
On August 28, 1936 Martin Luther King Jr. gave one of the best known speeches in American history. When people commemorate the “I Have a Dream” speech, as it has come to be identified, they recall King’s powerful message about civil rights and the true meaning of freedom in America. In the famous “I Have a Dream” speech, Martin Luther King Jr. uses a number of rhetorical devices in order to match his word choice to the strength of his message. Numerous examples of allusion, parallelism, and anaphora are used as tactics to amplify the intensity of his message. Comment by Katie: Great thesis—it makes a clear claim and provides a forecast of your paper’s outline.
King begins his speech with a reference to the Gettysburg address, “Five score years ago…” (King par. 2).The opening allusion is exceptionally moving given that King spoke in front of the Lincoln Memorial. King uses examples of allusions, or references to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. Allusions can be direct or indirect, and are often used to broaden the reader’s understanding. The Gettysburg Address is not the only historical piece referenced in King’s speech; the Declaration of Independence is also referenced in paragraph four of the “I Have a Dream” speech. The speech reads, “This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the ‘unalienable Rights’ of ‘Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness’" (King par. 4). Martin Luther King Jr. addresses the Declaration of Independence in order to get his supporters to recognize the equal rights that they deserve as Americans. In order to provide an honorable basis, King uses numerous biblical allusions. Two examples of biblical allusions used in the speech include Psalms 30:5 and Jeremiah 2:13. King cries ‘It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.” (King par. 2) referring to Psalms 30:5, “For his anger is but for a moment; his favor is for a lifetime. Weeping may linger for the night, but joy comes with the morning” (Dlugan, Andrew). Martin Luther King Jr. is expressing that the struggle for the black community was long and hard but the freedom they will receive will last a lifetime. Jeremiah 2:13 was also a biblical verse King evokes in his speech proclaiming, “Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred,” (King par. 8) referring to Jeremiah 2:13, “For my people have committed two evils: they have forsaken me, the fountain of living water, and dug out cisterns for themselves, cracked cisterns that can hold no water” (Dlugan, Andrew). King is using this biblical verse to explain to his people that they must fight peacefully, without violence and hatred, and if they do they will be rewarded for their peaceful behavior. Comment by Katie: It may be a good .
1. A clear, complete thesis that is consistently supported by evidTatianaMajor22
1. A clear, complete thesis that is consistently supported by evidence/details from Kafka's "Metamorphosis" and the secondary sources throughout the essay. The thesis should not be contradicted by major details of the story or explanations/arguments from the secondary sources.
2. A framework for your analysis that is one of the frameworks we've covered or a combination of multiple frameworks.
3. An original title that is appealing and accurately reflecting the topic, point, and/or purpose of the essay.
4. An introduction that effectively introduces your topic in a compelling way for your reader, and a conclusion that wraps up your argument and its broader implications for your reader.
5. Paragraphs that focus on specific topics necessary for the development of your thesis and that build logically and fluidly toward the conclusion for the most part.
6. Consistent and correct documentation of sources using MLA format (though if you're not an English major and want to practice a different format, that's fine too, just make sure you do it correctly and consistently throughout, or you'll have to revise it).
I HAVE A DREAM
Martin Luther King, Jr.
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the
history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation
Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been
seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly
crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a
lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still
languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so we've come here today
to dramatize a shameful condition.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent
words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every
American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be
guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has
defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred
obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient f ...
Surname1
Surname2
Name:
Instructor
College:
Course:
Date:
Speech Analysis: I Have a Dream
In summary, the general idea that Martin Luther King Junior Jr. is trying to pass across in his “I have a dream” speech is the opinion that there is rampant inequality in the country which is contributing to discrimination in employment and also the thought that African Americans are still not enjoying the freedom that was hoped for. In the speech, Martin pints out that African Americans live in the country as though they are in exile. He explains that the Poverty level is high among African Americans due to lack of jobs.
The other revelation by the speech is the idea that African Americans are not enjoying the right to freedom. In the speech, Martin reveals that whites are exploiting African Americans. What martin means by this is that whites are still using African Americans as a means to their goals. Additionally, Martin reveals that the existing constitution is not being implemented effectively. What martin is trying to achieve through his speech is create a sense of urgency. His main intention in the speech is to restore virtue that is amidst decay. To conclude, the “I have a dream speech” has a prophetic message in it. The prophetic message that this speech is trying to pass across is that good time are coming in the future.
Work Cited
King, Martin Luther. I have a dream. Edizioni Mondadori, 2015.
Myers, Peter. "Martin Luther King, Jr. and the American Dream." First Principles 50 (2015): 1-21.
"I HAVE A DREAM ..."
(Copyright 1963, MARTIN LtrTHER KING, JR.)
Speooh by the Rev. MARTIN LuTHER KING
At the "March on vYashington"
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down
in history as the greates•t demonstration for freedom in
the history of our nation.
Five ~core years ago a great American in whose sym
holic shado·w we stand today signed the Emancipation
Proclamation. This momen:tous cleeree is a great beacon
light of hope to millions of Negro slave·s who had been
~e.arrd in the flames o[ withering injushcc. It came as a
joyous daybre,ak to end the long night of their captivity.
But 100 years late<r the Negro still is no•t fre·e. One hun
dred years later the 1i.fe of the Negro is still badly
erippled by the manacles of s-t•grPg-ation and the chains of
discriminatio11. One hnndred years later the Ne,gro live·s
on a lone,Jy i:"]and of poverty in the mids1t of a va1S1t ooean
of matE>.rial prospc·rity. Out> hundred years later the
~egro is still larugui~hed iu the comer~s o.f Ame·rican
~oci. ety and find;:; himself in exile in his own land. So
wo '''<' come hf'rP torlay to r1r.amatize a s,hameful condition.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash
a eheck. Whrn the a. reb it ects of our Re:publie wrote the
magnificent. wonls of the Constitution a.nd the Declaration
o1 Independence, they we·re signing· a promiss'Cl<ry note to
which eve·ry American wa:" to fall heir. 'I'his no,te was a
.
These are the slides from the Symposium presented at the IRA convention April 30, 2012. "Engaging Different Learners: Can't We Foster Inclusive Literacy?"
1. A clear, complete thesis that is consistently supported by evidTatianaMajor22
1. A clear, complete thesis that is consistently supported by evidence/details from Kafka's "Metamorphosis" and the secondary sources throughout the essay. The thesis should not be contradicted by major details of the story or explanations/arguments from the secondary sources.
2. A framework for your analysis that is one of the frameworks we've covered or a combination of multiple frameworks.
3. An original title that is appealing and accurately reflecting the topic, point, and/or purpose of the essay.
4. An introduction that effectively introduces your topic in a compelling way for your reader, and a conclusion that wraps up your argument and its broader implications for your reader.
5. Paragraphs that focus on specific topics necessary for the development of your thesis and that build logically and fluidly toward the conclusion for the most part.
6. Consistent and correct documentation of sources using MLA format (though if you're not an English major and want to practice a different format, that's fine too, just make sure you do it correctly and consistently throughout, or you'll have to revise it).
I HAVE A DREAM
Martin Luther King, Jr.
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the
history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation
Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been
seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly
crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a
lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still
languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so we've come here today
to dramatize a shameful condition.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent
words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every
American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be
guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has
defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred
obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient f ...
Surname1
Surname2
Name:
Instructor
College:
Course:
Date:
Speech Analysis: I Have a Dream
In summary, the general idea that Martin Luther King Junior Jr. is trying to pass across in his “I have a dream” speech is the opinion that there is rampant inequality in the country which is contributing to discrimination in employment and also the thought that African Americans are still not enjoying the freedom that was hoped for. In the speech, Martin pints out that African Americans live in the country as though they are in exile. He explains that the Poverty level is high among African Americans due to lack of jobs.
The other revelation by the speech is the idea that African Americans are not enjoying the right to freedom. In the speech, Martin reveals that whites are exploiting African Americans. What martin means by this is that whites are still using African Americans as a means to their goals. Additionally, Martin reveals that the existing constitution is not being implemented effectively. What martin is trying to achieve through his speech is create a sense of urgency. His main intention in the speech is to restore virtue that is amidst decay. To conclude, the “I have a dream speech” has a prophetic message in it. The prophetic message that this speech is trying to pass across is that good time are coming in the future.
Work Cited
King, Martin Luther. I have a dream. Edizioni Mondadori, 2015.
Myers, Peter. "Martin Luther King, Jr. and the American Dream." First Principles 50 (2015): 1-21.
"I HAVE A DREAM ..."
(Copyright 1963, MARTIN LtrTHER KING, JR.)
Speooh by the Rev. MARTIN LuTHER KING
At the "March on vYashington"
I am happy to join with you today in what will go down
in history as the greates•t demonstration for freedom in
the history of our nation.
Five ~core years ago a great American in whose sym
holic shado·w we stand today signed the Emancipation
Proclamation. This momen:tous cleeree is a great beacon
light of hope to millions of Negro slave·s who had been
~e.arrd in the flames o[ withering injushcc. It came as a
joyous daybre,ak to end the long night of their captivity.
But 100 years late<r the Negro still is no•t fre·e. One hun
dred years later the 1i.fe of the Negro is still badly
erippled by the manacles of s-t•grPg-ation and the chains of
discriminatio11. One hnndred years later the Ne,gro live·s
on a lone,Jy i:"]and of poverty in the mids1t of a va1S1t ooean
of matE>.rial prospc·rity. Out> hundred years later the
~egro is still larugui~hed iu the comer~s o.f Ame·rican
~oci. ety and find;:; himself in exile in his own land. So
wo '''<' come hf'rP torlay to r1r.amatize a s,hameful condition.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash
a eheck. Whrn the a. reb it ects of our Re:publie wrote the
magnificent. wonls of the Constitution a.nd the Declaration
o1 Independence, they we·re signing· a promiss'Cl<ry note to
which eve·ry American wa:" to fall heir. 'I'his no,te was a
.
These are the slides from the Symposium presented at the IRA convention April 30, 2012. "Engaging Different Learners: Can't We Foster Inclusive Literacy?"
Similar to Literature i have a dream powerpoint (14)
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23. lliteration
The repetition of sounds makes the speech more catchy
and memorable.
In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash
a check.
We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi
cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he
has nothing for which to vote. No, no…
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live
in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of
their skin but by the content of their character.
Alliteration
In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check.
We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote
and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to
vote. No, no…
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation
where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by
the content of their character.
Line ?
25. Metaphor
King equates light with freedom through the speech. Here are two
examples:
This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of
Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It
came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to
the sunlit path of racial justice.
Line 5
26. Metaphor
In the 3rd and 4th paragraph, King plays with the
extended metaphor of extending a check.
In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to
cash a check… (This check metaphor continues)
Line 15
27. A Metaphor
With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling
discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of
brotherhood.
There are many more metaphor examples. Could you find
them all?
Line 106
29. Hyperbole
And when this happens, when we allow freedom to ring,
when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from
every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that
day when all of God’s children, black men and white men,
Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to
join hands and sing.
Line 141
30. Personification
It is obvious today that America has defaulted
on this promissory note insofar as her citizens
of color are concerned. Instead of honoring
this sacred obligation, America has given the
Negro people a bad check, a check which has
come back marked “insufficient funds.”
Line 21
31. Simile
No, no, we are not satisfied, and we
will not be satisfied until justice rolls
down like waters and righteousness
like a mighty stream.
Line 68
40. Pg. 662
What evidence does king provide to support
the claim that “the negro still is not free”?
*lonely island of poverty
*finds himself in exile
41. Pg. 662
Lines 3-7: What event took place 100 years before
king gave this speech?
The Emancipation Proclamation when a
document was signed by president Lincoln
setting the slaves free.
42. Pg. 662
Lines 8 -20: What does king say about the historic
importance of the event at which he is speaking?
The importance of it is that it comes after 100
years of the Emancipation Proclamation.
43. Pg. 664
Lines 29-38: What rhetorical device does
king use, and what is the effect of using
it?
Repetition of “Now is the time”
44. Pg. 664
Lines 39-44: In terms of content and
emotion, what is the purpose of this
paragraph?
He wants to cause tension.
45. Pg. 664
Lines 39-44: How does King use tone to
appeal to his audience?
The tone is revolutionary.
46. Pg. 665
Line 51: What action does King oppose?
He opposes physical violence.
47. Pg. 665
Line 53-58: According to King, what thoughts
should the negro community have and not
have toward white people?
*not to distrust all the white people
*the future of the black people is bound to
the future of the white people; no one
needs to walk alone.
48. Pg. 665
Line 52: What does he mean when he uses the
term SOUL FORCE?
They need to also believe in what they
stand for.
49. Pg. 665
Lines 45-58: What does king say to show that
whites and blacks in his audience must work
together?
“ their freedom is inextricably bound to our
freedom”
50. Pg. 665
How do these lines both send a message to
king`s followers and gain the support of the
audience?
51. Pg. 666
Lines 65 -70: Identify the examples of racial
injustice that King provides as strong, relevant,
and credible evidence to share his views.
52. Pg. 666
Lines71 -92: What examples of parallel
grammatical structures help make the
expression of ideas memorable?
53. Pg. 666
Line 81-102: Why do you think these lines are
most important in making this speech
significant in the American history?
57. Others
What are the themes of the speech?
Segregation, freedom, equality,
fairness,
58. Complete the speech:
“I have a ___________ that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We
hold these ___________ to be self-evident: that all men are ____________ equal.’ I have a dream that one
day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former __________ and the sons of former slave owners will be
able to_________ down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state
of_________________, a desert ____________, sweltering with the heat of injustice and _____________,
will be transformed into an oasis of ___________ and justice. I have a dream that my four ______________
will one day live in ______________ where they will not be ___________ by the color of their
_________________ but by the content of their ___________________. I have a dream today.”