The summary provides the key details from the multi-article document in 3 sentences:
The document is a 4-part newspaper series about the Sabine River that flows through East Texas. The series begins by introducing the river as an often ignored but important natural resource that is home to wildlife like alligators and snakes. It discusses the threats facing the river's habitat from reservoirs reducing flooding and how the river's wetlands act as a natural filter for water, with a state biologist expressing concerns about balancing water needs with conservation.
Zookeepers at the National Zoo were surprised and overjoyed when giant panda Mei Xiang gave birth to twins just four hours after delivering her first cub. Keepers began swapping the cubs with Mei Xiang so that she would only have to care for one at a time, as pandas often cannot care for twins. This increased the likelihood that both cubs would survive, which they did.
The document summarizes several local news stories from Vicksburg, Mississippi:
1) Vicksburg National Military Park is offering a new class to train and license battlefield guides to give tours of the park. The weekly classes begin on Tuesday and continue through April.
2) Vicksburg Catholic Schools' annual fundraising drawdown and silent auction raised an estimated $55,000. The event featured food, auctions and a cash prize drawing.
3) A Vicksburg ecologist spent a month in Peru training scientists to monitor pollution in Lake Titicaca, South America's largest lake, and design a program using artificial wetlands to clean up pollution.
Mysterious Michigan, Water Creatures, Lights and the DogmanCharlie
Â
The document provides an overview of mysterious phenomena reported in the state of Michigan, including water creatures in the Great Lakes like Pressie the Lake Superior water serpent and Native American legends of mermen. It also discusses strange lights seen in Paulding, Michigan and the cryptid known as the Michigan Dogman, described as a large, wolf-like creature that can stand on two legs.
This document provides information about the Llano River in central Texas as a place for easy, refreshing getaways involving kayaking and swimming. It describes the scenic beauty of the river and recommends starting at South Llano River State Park and paddling several miles into Junction. Rhonda from South River Canoes is mentioned as offering shuttle services and advice about the best sections of the river to paddle.
Three people have died in flooding in Johnson County, Kentucky. The body of 22-year-old Richard Blair was found on Wednesday. On Tuesday, 56-year-old Herman Eddie May Sr. and 74-year-old Willa Mae Pennington were identified among debris from destroyed mobile homes. Authorities are still searching for five people reported missing, including 34-year-old Scott Johnson who tried to rescue his grandmother from flooding and was swept away. Over 150 homes were destroyed in the flooding that impacted about 1,200 residents.
This document provides information about an art exhibition titled "This Land is Not Empty" by Don Pollack. It includes paintings, installations, and performances related to Pollack's 3000 mile journey from Chicago to the Pacific Coast following routes of American expansion. The document contains details about Pollack's trip and the works in the exhibition, which aim to confront the violent legacy of westward expansion and policies that displaced Native Americans. It provides locations and descriptions of 15 survey marker sites installed by Pollack along the route to mark places of historical trauma.
This document summarizes an article from the February 2016 issue of Inside Pennsylvania magazine about Euell Gibbons, a famous forager and author known as the "guru of wild foods" who lived in central Pennsylvania in the 1960s-70s. It discusses his background of living off the land from a young age, his knowledge of edible wild plants, and how he shared this knowledge through books and wild food dinners near Troxelville. Local residents provide anecdotes about interacting with Gibbons and recall details about his personality and expertise with wild foods.
Zookeepers at the National Zoo were surprised and overjoyed when giant panda Mei Xiang gave birth to twins just four hours after delivering her first cub. Keepers began swapping the cubs with Mei Xiang so that she would only have to care for one at a time, as pandas often cannot care for twins. This increased the likelihood that both cubs would survive, which they did.
The document summarizes several local news stories from Vicksburg, Mississippi:
1) Vicksburg National Military Park is offering a new class to train and license battlefield guides to give tours of the park. The weekly classes begin on Tuesday and continue through April.
2) Vicksburg Catholic Schools' annual fundraising drawdown and silent auction raised an estimated $55,000. The event featured food, auctions and a cash prize drawing.
3) A Vicksburg ecologist spent a month in Peru training scientists to monitor pollution in Lake Titicaca, South America's largest lake, and design a program using artificial wetlands to clean up pollution.
Mysterious Michigan, Water Creatures, Lights and the DogmanCharlie
Â
The document provides an overview of mysterious phenomena reported in the state of Michigan, including water creatures in the Great Lakes like Pressie the Lake Superior water serpent and Native American legends of mermen. It also discusses strange lights seen in Paulding, Michigan and the cryptid known as the Michigan Dogman, described as a large, wolf-like creature that can stand on two legs.
This document provides information about the Llano River in central Texas as a place for easy, refreshing getaways involving kayaking and swimming. It describes the scenic beauty of the river and recommends starting at South Llano River State Park and paddling several miles into Junction. Rhonda from South River Canoes is mentioned as offering shuttle services and advice about the best sections of the river to paddle.
Three people have died in flooding in Johnson County, Kentucky. The body of 22-year-old Richard Blair was found on Wednesday. On Tuesday, 56-year-old Herman Eddie May Sr. and 74-year-old Willa Mae Pennington were identified among debris from destroyed mobile homes. Authorities are still searching for five people reported missing, including 34-year-old Scott Johnson who tried to rescue his grandmother from flooding and was swept away. Over 150 homes were destroyed in the flooding that impacted about 1,200 residents.
This document provides information about an art exhibition titled "This Land is Not Empty" by Don Pollack. It includes paintings, installations, and performances related to Pollack's 3000 mile journey from Chicago to the Pacific Coast following routes of American expansion. The document contains details about Pollack's trip and the works in the exhibition, which aim to confront the violent legacy of westward expansion and policies that displaced Native Americans. It provides locations and descriptions of 15 survey marker sites installed by Pollack along the route to mark places of historical trauma.
This document summarizes an article from the February 2016 issue of Inside Pennsylvania magazine about Euell Gibbons, a famous forager and author known as the "guru of wild foods" who lived in central Pennsylvania in the 1960s-70s. It discusses his background of living off the land from a young age, his knowledge of edible wild plants, and how he shared this knowledge through books and wild food dinners near Troxelville. Local residents provide anecdotes about interacting with Gibbons and recall details about his personality and expertise with wild foods.
M. clark college writing seminar paper #1 first draft visual narrative essaymclark098
Â
The document is a personal essay recounting the author's experience immigrating from Britain to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some key details include:
- The author grew up in Britain watching American TV shows and envisioned America through that lens, without fully understanding what the move would mean.
- The family moved to Massachusetts in 1978, where the author struggled with culture shock, different food, and developing an American identity over many years.
- It took the author over 15 years living in the US before she felt fully settled and like America was truly her home.
The annual Gem-O-Rama show in Trona, California attracts thousands of visitors each year to see rare crystals and minerals. The show, run by the local gem and mineral society, has grown significantly over the past 20 years according to organizers. An estimated 4,000 people now attend to see the crystals found in the solution mine tunnels and learn about the geology of the area. The small town of Trona relies heavily on tourism from this unique annual event.
The document is a personal narrative by Maxine Clark describing her experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some key details:
- She grew up in England watching American TV shows but didn't fully understand America. Her family moved to Massachusetts for her father's job.
- The move was difficult, as she left behind family in England and struggled with culture shock after arriving. American food, customs, and language were unfamiliar.
- She gradually assimilated over years, adopting an American accent and lexicon but still felt torn between her English and American identities for a long time. She became a citizen at age 24.
Rebels seized control of Cap Haitien, Haitiâs second largest city, on Sunday with little resistance as police officers and supporters of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide fled. Hundreds of residents cheered and burned down the police station, looting food warehouses, the airport and more. The airport was quickly closed.
M. clark college writing seminar visual narrative essay finalmclark098
Â
The document recounts the author's experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some of the key events summarized are:
1) The author recalls being excited yet naive about moving to America, imagining it as a blend of western films and colorful landscapes.
2) The move was difficult, with culture shock experienced through differences in food, language, and climate compared to England.
3) After some struggles adjusting, the author gradually took on more American customs and identity over the decades, culminating in citizenship and starting a family in the US.
The article discusses an author, David Lubar, who spoke at an all-night literacy event at Windham High School in Connecticut. It describes Lubar's unconventional career path, which included being a video game programmer before becoming an author. It notes that Lubar told students his path to becoming an author was difficult, making only $8 in his first year of writing. The event was intended to get students to love reading and writing.
M. clark college writing seminar paper #1 second draft visual narrative essaymclark098
Â
1) The document recounts the author's experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. She describes leaving behind friends and family as well as the culture and food she was accustomed to in England.
2) Upon arriving in the US, the author experienced significant culture shock. American foods, customs, and language were unfamiliar to her. She had difficulty understanding others and assumed an American accent to fit in at her new school.
3) Though the author missed England greatly at first, over time she gradually adopted American culture through her education, friendships, and travels within the country. She became a naturalized US citizen in her 20s, seeing her transition to American
Welcome to the northridge middle school informational channelLisa Pixley
Â
This document provides information for students and parents of Northridge Middle School. It announces the students of the month for 6th and 5th grade, provides trivia questions and answers, and lists the daily breakfast and lunch menus for the week of November 30th through December 4th. It also includes announcements about upcoming events like a book fair, food drive, and winter break schedule.
The document provides information about several upcoming events at the University of Central Oklahoma (UCO) and in Oklahoma City. It announces a free concert featuring up-and-coming bands from 1-5 pm on October 9th on the UCO campus. It also announces a dance concert on October 11th and 12th at UCO featuring a collaboration between the Kaleidoscope Dance Company and dancers from UCO, OU, NSU, ECU, and WSU that will include several original works. Additionally, it lists other local events including a Halloween event at the Oklahoma City zoo and a skateboarding concert in Oklahoma City.
The island is nearly deserted, haunting, beautiful. Across a slip of ocean lies South Carolina. But for the handful of families on Yamacraw island, America is a world away. For years the people here lived proudly from the sea, but now its waters are not safe. Waste from industry threatens their very existenceâunless, somehow, they can learn a new life. But they will learn nothing without someone to teach them, and their school has no teacher.Here is PAT CONROYâS extraordinary drama based on his own experienceâthe true story of a man who gave a year of his life to an island and the new life its people gave him.From the Trade Paperback edition.
The document is a newspaper section that includes the following:
- An article summarizing the 2016 concert schedule for the Fishstock Music Series held at Camp David Party Barn in Door County, Wisconsin. The series runs from July to September and features various folk, blues, and acoustic artists.
- Advertisements for local businesses like Culver's, Holiday Chevrolet, and Haentz's Garden Center.
- A brief article about the 8th annual Oshkosh Irish Fest being held June 11-12 at the Leach Amphitheater, which has grown in popularity and been voted the "Best Local Festival" five times.
The documentary Waterbuster explores the impacts of the construction of the Garrison Dam in North Dakota in the 1940s-1950s. The dam flooded over 150,000 acres of land belonging to the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes, displacing over 90% of the tribes' members. While the dam was said to create hydropower and other benefits, it devastated the tribes by destroying their ancestral lands and communities. Returning to research the dam's effects, the film's producer discovers how the flooding continues to affect his family and tribe generations later through the loss of identity, culture, and intergenerational trauma.
The article discusses two local musicians, Jay Franks and Patt Cupp, being honored with plaques added to the Arkansas Municipal Auditorium Walk of Fame Park during a dedication ceremony. Franks was among the first in Texarkana to record with a major record label and helped integrate performances at the auditorium in the 1950s. Cupp pioneered rock and roll in Texarkana in the 1950s, performing locally with legends like Elvis Presley. A former Texarkana resident, Rule Beasley, was also honored at the event for his contributions to music in the city across multiple genres, receiving the first lifetime achievement award from the Regional Music Heritage Center.
The summary provides the key details from the document in 3 sentences:
The document describes a field trip taken by Wellesley Middle School students to the Islamic Society of Boston Cultural Center as part of a social studies class. During the trip, some students joined in Islamic prayers, which was filmed by a parent and later released by an anti-Islamic group called Americans for Peace and Tolerance. This sparked controversy over whether the field trip and student participation in prayer were appropriate.
The document summarizes the weekly meeting of the Rotary Club. It includes:
- 13 members and 2 guests were present at the meeting.
- Announcements about upcoming club events and a speaker about the Erie Canal.
- The speaker, Dan Willis, discussed the history and development of the Erie Canal in three iterations from 1817 to the present day.
- Short articles about Rotary club mottoes and the "ABCs of Rotary" were also included at the end.
The document summarizes the death of Johnny Kreuger, a recent high school graduate who was crushed by a load of logs at the sawmill. His classmates Julie Mitchell and Carl Riley are devastated by the news. That fall, Johnny's friends struggle to accept his unjust death. Many of the classmates, including Carl Riley, later serve in the Vietnam War, where some perish. The document concludes by mentioning a Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington D.C. that includes Carl Riley's name among those who died in the war. A patch of Carl's old high school jacket with a yellow R is left at the memorial, honoring his memory.
Dierks Bentley releases a new 4-song EP called "Country & Cold Cans" to have fun with friends outside of his normal business decisions. A local family takes an inspired 2-week road trip across 20 states, visiting national parks to earn Junior Ranger badges and learn about nature. An original Todd McFarlane comic book cover art breaks records, selling for $657,250 at auction.
This document is a declaration adopted by ASEAN heads of state/government to establish the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint. It recognizes the commitment to accelerate economic integration and establish a single market and production base in ASEAN by 2015. The declaration adopts the AEC Blueprint, which outlines key characteristics of a single market, highly competitive economic region, equitable economic development, and a region fully integrated into the global economy. It tasks relevant ministers to implement the Blueprint and regularly report on progress to accelerate establishment of the AEC by 2015.
Small scale rubber farming and income risk in Xishuangbanna, China analyzes data from a survey of 612 smallholder rubber farming households in Xishuangbanna prefecture. The study finds that rubber farming has become the dominant rural economic activity, with households deriving on average 41% of income from rubber. However, over 20% of rubber plots had yields below the breakeven point, indicating riskiness. Income diversification among households is generally low but varies between different ethnic groups. The study provides insights into factors like ethnicity, location, and farm characteristics that influence rubber farming productivity, income, and riskiness.
This document summarizes a lecture given by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan on the future of Indian farmers in the 21st century. Some key points:
1) There is a need to launch a "second green revolution" focused on dryland farming areas, to improve productivity and prosperity for farmers in rainfed regions, as the first green revolution benefited irrigated areas.
2) Community-managed food and water security systems should be established, involving local grain and water banks, to address hunger issues.
3) Policies need to make marginal and small farmers economically viable through assured marketing opportunities and support for "orphan" crops like millets.
4) Investing in
Fun Facts About Vintage Porcelain SignsPetra Ortiz
Â
Vintage porcelain signs from the 1940s were commonly used in the United States to advertise various products and provide information, hanging in streets, subways, and other public areas. These signs were crafted through techniques like silkscreening, enamel painting, and using materials like cut letters and tin. Though many original signs have been damaged or removed over time, making intact examples rare to find, there remains a large market for collecting vintage porcelain signs, with prices of authentic signs at auction sometimes reaching tens of thousands of dollars. The colorful, durable signs were an important part of advertising history in America.
M. clark college writing seminar paper #1 first draft visual narrative essaymclark098
Â
The document is a personal essay recounting the author's experience immigrating from Britain to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some key details include:
- The author grew up in Britain watching American TV shows and envisioned America through that lens, without fully understanding what the move would mean.
- The family moved to Massachusetts in 1978, where the author struggled with culture shock, different food, and developing an American identity over many years.
- It took the author over 15 years living in the US before she felt fully settled and like America was truly her home.
The annual Gem-O-Rama show in Trona, California attracts thousands of visitors each year to see rare crystals and minerals. The show, run by the local gem and mineral society, has grown significantly over the past 20 years according to organizers. An estimated 4,000 people now attend to see the crystals found in the solution mine tunnels and learn about the geology of the area. The small town of Trona relies heavily on tourism from this unique annual event.
The document is a personal narrative by Maxine Clark describing her experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some key details:
- She grew up in England watching American TV shows but didn't fully understand America. Her family moved to Massachusetts for her father's job.
- The move was difficult, as she left behind family in England and struggled with culture shock after arriving. American food, customs, and language were unfamiliar.
- She gradually assimilated over years, adopting an American accent and lexicon but still felt torn between her English and American identities for a long time. She became a citizen at age 24.
Rebels seized control of Cap Haitien, Haitiâs second largest city, on Sunday with little resistance as police officers and supporters of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide fled. Hundreds of residents cheered and burned down the police station, looting food warehouses, the airport and more. The airport was quickly closed.
M. clark college writing seminar visual narrative essay finalmclark098
Â
The document recounts the author's experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. Some of the key events summarized are:
1) The author recalls being excited yet naive about moving to America, imagining it as a blend of western films and colorful landscapes.
2) The move was difficult, with culture shock experienced through differences in food, language, and climate compared to England.
3) After some struggles adjusting, the author gradually took on more American customs and identity over the decades, culminating in citizenship and starting a family in the US.
The article discusses an author, David Lubar, who spoke at an all-night literacy event at Windham High School in Connecticut. It describes Lubar's unconventional career path, which included being a video game programmer before becoming an author. It notes that Lubar told students his path to becoming an author was difficult, making only $8 in his first year of writing. The event was intended to get students to love reading and writing.
M. clark college writing seminar paper #1 second draft visual narrative essaymclark098
Â
1) The document recounts the author's experience immigrating from England to the United States as a child in the 1970s. She describes leaving behind friends and family as well as the culture and food she was accustomed to in England.
2) Upon arriving in the US, the author experienced significant culture shock. American foods, customs, and language were unfamiliar to her. She had difficulty understanding others and assumed an American accent to fit in at her new school.
3) Though the author missed England greatly at first, over time she gradually adopted American culture through her education, friendships, and travels within the country. She became a naturalized US citizen in her 20s, seeing her transition to American
Welcome to the northridge middle school informational channelLisa Pixley
Â
This document provides information for students and parents of Northridge Middle School. It announces the students of the month for 6th and 5th grade, provides trivia questions and answers, and lists the daily breakfast and lunch menus for the week of November 30th through December 4th. It also includes announcements about upcoming events like a book fair, food drive, and winter break schedule.
The document provides information about several upcoming events at the University of Central Oklahoma (UCO) and in Oklahoma City. It announces a free concert featuring up-and-coming bands from 1-5 pm on October 9th on the UCO campus. It also announces a dance concert on October 11th and 12th at UCO featuring a collaboration between the Kaleidoscope Dance Company and dancers from UCO, OU, NSU, ECU, and WSU that will include several original works. Additionally, it lists other local events including a Halloween event at the Oklahoma City zoo and a skateboarding concert in Oklahoma City.
The island is nearly deserted, haunting, beautiful. Across a slip of ocean lies South Carolina. But for the handful of families on Yamacraw island, America is a world away. For years the people here lived proudly from the sea, but now its waters are not safe. Waste from industry threatens their very existenceâunless, somehow, they can learn a new life. But they will learn nothing without someone to teach them, and their school has no teacher.Here is PAT CONROYâS extraordinary drama based on his own experienceâthe true story of a man who gave a year of his life to an island and the new life its people gave him.From the Trade Paperback edition.
The document is a newspaper section that includes the following:
- An article summarizing the 2016 concert schedule for the Fishstock Music Series held at Camp David Party Barn in Door County, Wisconsin. The series runs from July to September and features various folk, blues, and acoustic artists.
- Advertisements for local businesses like Culver's, Holiday Chevrolet, and Haentz's Garden Center.
- A brief article about the 8th annual Oshkosh Irish Fest being held June 11-12 at the Leach Amphitheater, which has grown in popularity and been voted the "Best Local Festival" five times.
The documentary Waterbuster explores the impacts of the construction of the Garrison Dam in North Dakota in the 1940s-1950s. The dam flooded over 150,000 acres of land belonging to the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes, displacing over 90% of the tribes' members. While the dam was said to create hydropower and other benefits, it devastated the tribes by destroying their ancestral lands and communities. Returning to research the dam's effects, the film's producer discovers how the flooding continues to affect his family and tribe generations later through the loss of identity, culture, and intergenerational trauma.
The article discusses two local musicians, Jay Franks and Patt Cupp, being honored with plaques added to the Arkansas Municipal Auditorium Walk of Fame Park during a dedication ceremony. Franks was among the first in Texarkana to record with a major record label and helped integrate performances at the auditorium in the 1950s. Cupp pioneered rock and roll in Texarkana in the 1950s, performing locally with legends like Elvis Presley. A former Texarkana resident, Rule Beasley, was also honored at the event for his contributions to music in the city across multiple genres, receiving the first lifetime achievement award from the Regional Music Heritage Center.
The summary provides the key details from the document in 3 sentences:
The document describes a field trip taken by Wellesley Middle School students to the Islamic Society of Boston Cultural Center as part of a social studies class. During the trip, some students joined in Islamic prayers, which was filmed by a parent and later released by an anti-Islamic group called Americans for Peace and Tolerance. This sparked controversy over whether the field trip and student participation in prayer were appropriate.
The document summarizes the weekly meeting of the Rotary Club. It includes:
- 13 members and 2 guests were present at the meeting.
- Announcements about upcoming club events and a speaker about the Erie Canal.
- The speaker, Dan Willis, discussed the history and development of the Erie Canal in three iterations from 1817 to the present day.
- Short articles about Rotary club mottoes and the "ABCs of Rotary" were also included at the end.
The document summarizes the death of Johnny Kreuger, a recent high school graduate who was crushed by a load of logs at the sawmill. His classmates Julie Mitchell and Carl Riley are devastated by the news. That fall, Johnny's friends struggle to accept his unjust death. Many of the classmates, including Carl Riley, later serve in the Vietnam War, where some perish. The document concludes by mentioning a Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington D.C. that includes Carl Riley's name among those who died in the war. A patch of Carl's old high school jacket with a yellow R is left at the memorial, honoring his memory.
Dierks Bentley releases a new 4-song EP called "Country & Cold Cans" to have fun with friends outside of his normal business decisions. A local family takes an inspired 2-week road trip across 20 states, visiting national parks to earn Junior Ranger badges and learn about nature. An original Todd McFarlane comic book cover art breaks records, selling for $657,250 at auction.
This document is a declaration adopted by ASEAN heads of state/government to establish the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint. It recognizes the commitment to accelerate economic integration and establish a single market and production base in ASEAN by 2015. The declaration adopts the AEC Blueprint, which outlines key characteristics of a single market, highly competitive economic region, equitable economic development, and a region fully integrated into the global economy. It tasks relevant ministers to implement the Blueprint and regularly report on progress to accelerate establishment of the AEC by 2015.
Small scale rubber farming and income risk in Xishuangbanna, China analyzes data from a survey of 612 smallholder rubber farming households in Xishuangbanna prefecture. The study finds that rubber farming has become the dominant rural economic activity, with households deriving on average 41% of income from rubber. However, over 20% of rubber plots had yields below the breakeven point, indicating riskiness. Income diversification among households is generally low but varies between different ethnic groups. The study provides insights into factors like ethnicity, location, and farm characteristics that influence rubber farming productivity, income, and riskiness.
This document summarizes a lecture given by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan on the future of Indian farmers in the 21st century. Some key points:
1) There is a need to launch a "second green revolution" focused on dryland farming areas, to improve productivity and prosperity for farmers in rainfed regions, as the first green revolution benefited irrigated areas.
2) Community-managed food and water security systems should be established, involving local grain and water banks, to address hunger issues.
3) Policies need to make marginal and small farmers economically viable through assured marketing opportunities and support for "orphan" crops like millets.
4) Investing in
Fun Facts About Vintage Porcelain SignsPetra Ortiz
Â
Vintage porcelain signs from the 1940s were commonly used in the United States to advertise various products and provide information, hanging in streets, subways, and other public areas. These signs were crafted through techniques like silkscreening, enamel painting, and using materials like cut letters and tin. Though many original signs have been damaged or removed over time, making intact examples rare to find, there remains a large market for collecting vintage porcelain signs, with prices of authentic signs at auction sometimes reaching tens of thousands of dollars. The colorful, durable signs were an important part of advertising history in America.
This document lists catalog numbers, descriptions, formats, and prices of music albums from various British rock artists from the 1960s-1970s such as The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Kinks, and solo artists like Paul McCartney, John Lennon, and Tom Jones. The albums are in stock and available for purchase in formats including LPs, EPs, and picture discs in languages including English, Spanish, French, German and more. Prices range from 3 euros to 1500 euros.
This document provides a staff-draft inventory of smart grid investments that could benefit Oregon utility customers over the next 3-5 years. It was prepared by Robert J. Procter for the Oregon Public Utility Commission. The document defines smart grid and outlines 10 key capabilities identified by the US Department of Energy. It also discusses the central role of communications infrastructure in enabling smart grid technologies and divides smart grid communications into 3 categories. Appendices provide additional details on specific smart grid investments organized by type and technology.
Creating a Seed Stage Investment Fund in Your Community: The Northeast Ohio ...JumpStart Inc
Â
If you are here, you've indicated an interest in starting a seed fund in your community. You are probably wondering if thereâs already enough pre-seed / seed capital in your community (likely not) and whether or not there is enough deal flow to warrant creation of a new fund. These are the things we were contemplating back in the early 2000s...
Greg Wilson - We Know (but ignore) More Than We Think#DevTO
Â
This document contains the slides from a presentation on best practices for scientific computing. It discusses several key findings from studies on software engineering practices. Some of the main points summarized are:
- Early studies found that rigorous code inspections can remove 60-90% of errors before testing begins. Later work refined this by finding the first review and hour matter most.
- A classic 1975 study found that most errors are introduced during requirements and design, and errors become more expensive to fix the later they are found.
- More recent studies found that an individual's distance in an organization's structure is a better predictor of software quality than their geographic distance.
The document is a catalog for the Mercedes-Benz Classic Collection. It includes sections for model cars in various scales from 1:18 to 1:87, watches, accessories, kids items, posters and literature. The catalog provides product images and descriptions along with product codes and prices. It also provides information on ordering items and details on the Mercedes-Benz Classic Center for enthusiasts.
The Solvency II Directive, along with the Omnibus II Directive that amended it became a law on March 31, 2015. On April 1, 2015 the approval processes began, and after years of delay and negotiations, the Europe-wide capital regime for insurance companies came into effect on January 1, 2016. Insurers will have to comply with new rules and capital requirements of Solvency II across the EU.
Here is a short summary of what Solvency II is and how itâll impact financial services institutions in the US (most of which are deemed to have fully or partly equivalent rules) along with EU.
Chop saver business presentation updated oct 8 2015Ryan Flynn
Â
The document describes ChopSaver lip balm, which was invented by a musician to treat irritated lips caused by playing brass instruments. It has grown into a nationally distributed product sold in over 7,400 stores and recommended by doctors for patients with dry, cracked lips. The natural formula combines moisturizers and Arnica to reduce inflammation. Financial projections estimate sales of over $450,000 in the first year expanding to multiple stores and product lines over five years. Partners help with manufacturing, distribution, marketing and PR to expand the brand.
Introduction to wrap technology, a very low cost communication technology for...Valerio Aisa
Â
Wr@p technology provides a solution to connectivity problems that hinder the rapid spread of smart appliances. It allows appliances to communicate through low-cost modifications without internal connectivity hardware. Indesit is liberalizing this technology with Renesas to make it available for all appliance manufacturers. Additionally, "smart plugs" and "smart sockets" that connect existing appliances to local networks can help speed the adoption of smart grid technologies before appliances need replacing. Wr@p and smart plugs/sockets aim to accelerate the transformation to smart energy systems by improving connectivity of devices in homes.
The document is a student handbook from Bob Jones University that outlines the school's policies and expectations for students. It begins with a letter from the president stating that the university aims to help students develop Christ-like character and grow spiritually through all aspects of the university experience. It then provides details about the university's biblical foundation, academic policies, social guidelines, disciplinary system, and various campus resources and activities. The overall goal, as expressed in the letter, is for students to flourish spiritually during their time at the university.
The document discusses asset management and life cycle cost analysis approaches used by Grontmij Netherlands BV for transportation infrastructure projects. It introduces asset management concepts and defines life cycle cost analysis, outlining the 8 key steps: 1) establish alternatives, 2) determine performance periods, 3) estimate costs, 4) develop expenditure diagrams, 5) compute costs, 6) analyze results, 7) reevaluate strategies. The document provides details on each step and compares deterministic vs. probabilistic life cycle cost analysis methods.
Jim Richardson is a photojournalist and contributing editor for National Geographic known for his explorations of environmental issues, rural communities, and cultural stories. He has published over 40 stories for National Geographic and is recognized for his documentation of topics like endangered grasslands, global water issues, and small town life in Kansas and Scotland. Richardson's work is focused on "unsung stories" that bring attention to emerging problems and issues.
Historic accounts of extreme floods on the Red River of the NorthScott St. George
Â
Here I explain how Canadian and American communities along the Red River of the North have developed fundamentally different responses to the threat of flooding, and argue that these differences in flood mitigation reflect disparate experiences with particular floods during the past two hundred years.
The Black Canyon of the Gunnison
National Monument
By Richard G. Beidleman*
Colorado's Black Canyon of the Gunnison certainly ranks
among the foremost chasms of the world in terms of dimensions
and renown. Starting at Sapinero, where the ancient preCambrian
rock complex first becomes evident, the Gunnison
River has cut an ever deepening gorge to westward for a distance
of some fifty miles until, swinging northwest, the river
leaves its walled confines and joins the North Fork of the
Gunnison River in the North Fork Valley near Delta.
The deepest and most spectacular portion of this chasm,
a twelve-mile length, has been included within the boundary
of the Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument,
which was established by the presidential proclamation of
Herbert Hoover thirty y ears ago on March 2, 1933. Here the
gorge depth ranges from 1,730 to 2,725 feet, while the width
narrows to 1,100 feet at the rim and as little as 40 feet at the
bottom, at the latter site the river completely inundating the
chasm floor. The depth and narrowness of the Black Canyon
is emphasized by the sheer, black-stained, lichen-covered,
variegated pre-Cambrian walls and the periodic gloom that
shrouds the depths.
The document summarizes the journey of the Mississippi River from its source at Lake Itasca in Minnesota to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico. It describes the river's source as clear water where you can wade across. It also tells the legend of Paul Bunyan creating Lake Itasca and the Mississippi River. Additionally, it mentions how development has damaged wetlands and contributed to their disappearance of 25 square miles per year in the Mississippi River delta region.
What geoscience tells us about severe Red River floodsScott St. George
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Severe flooding along the Red River is caused by three main factors: weather, geology, and natural history. Heavy snowfall and spring rains combine with frozen ground to cause snowmelt and rainfall to accumulate rather than soak into the soil. This excess water flows downstream towards the Red River valley, which was formed over thousands of years as glacial Lake Agassiz drained. The flat terrain and soil composition in the valley exacerbate flooding, which has occurred regularly throughout the region's history since the last ice age.
The document summarizes the Lewis and Clark expedition reaching the Pacific Ocean on November 7th, 1805 and spending the winter at Fort Clatsop. It describes the constant rain that plagued the expedition and how modern reenactors experience the same miserable conditions. It also discusses commemorative events for the 200th anniversary of the expedition, including lectures by historians and interactions with Native American tribes who helped Lewis and Clark.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
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The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
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The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
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Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
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Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
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The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
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(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
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Life on the Sabine
1. THURSDAY
LONGVIEW, TEXAS
A Cox Newspaper
news-journal.com
July 17, 2008
Find it inside
LIFE ON
THE SABINE
Ignored,
but essential
PART ONE OF FOUR
Its reputation is foul and
dirty, but some people
who know it well believe the
river that snakes through East Texas
is a natural treasure and vital to life
STORY BY WES FERGUSON
PHOTOGRAPHY BY JACOB CROFT BOTTER
East Texans voted, and hereâs
the results of whoâs
tops in the area in
everything
from
food
to
services.
Shuttle
to KC from
Longview
discussed
BY JIMMY ISAAC
jisaac@longview-news.com
Each weekday, Chris Craddock commutes from his Longview home to
Kilgore College where he works. With
gas costing nearly $4 a gallon, he spends
as much as $200 a month on fuel.
Craddock isnât alone in his daily
round trip across the Sabine River.
College ofďŹcials say at least 70 percent
of its more than 5,000 students are
Longview residents.
In a ďŹve-month semester, those
students could be paying as much as
$1,000 for gas. By comparison, Kilgore
College tuition for 12 hours of course
work is $1,100.
In response, Kilgore College might
contract with two Gregg County
transportation operators to provide
shuttle service between the collegeâs
main campus and the Kilgore college
Longview campus as early as this fall.
Along with a contract with either
See SHUTTLE, Page 6A
âIt can get dangerous. If the riverâs high and you donât know what youâre doing, you can get in a pickle real quick.â
Shaun Crook knows the Sabine inside and out. He is the biologist for two of the stateâs 51 wildlife management areas, Tawakoni and the Old Sabine Bottom, a
5,700-acre reserve northeast of Lindale.
news-journal.com
CLICK IT UP: View a video on the river and see more photos daily
T
online during the News-Journalâs four-day series.
HE
SABINE
RIVER
slinks
ignored
and unloved through the swamps and
June inďŹation rises at
highest rate in 17 years
bottomlands of East Texas.
I t is home to alligators that lurk in backwater sloughs, clouds of mosquitoes and
BY MICHAEL M. GRYNBAUM
snakes â lots of snakes â that writhe
New York Times News Service
across the water. They sun in the low, hanging branches of
hardwood trees, and can drop into the boats of unsuspecting
ďŹshermen.
In old days, the river bottom was a no manâs land where
bandits hid from the law. Its reputation lingers today as a
dump for dead bodies. Every few years or so, deputies pull a
Creatures big, small, dangerous and gentle call the river their home. Numerous snakes, all
kinds of waterfowl and even alligators often are spotted.
corpse from some out-of-the-way place where civilization meets the Sabine.
âThere are people in Longview that go over it every day and donât even look at it,â said Tom Gallenbach, a game
From the highway bridge at Texas 31 or Interstate 20, thereâs not much to see â tangles of brush and a few downed
Photographer Jacob Croft Botter and I set out to look around the bend.We ďŹgured weâd camp on sandbars and ďŹsh
for our dinner, just roughing it, and weâd go as far as we could in four days. We had camping gear, food, ďŹshing poles,
bug spray and a ďŹat-bottom boat on loan from Shippâs Marine in Gladewater. We also had a shotgun, just in case.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 4A
THE MORNING RUSH
First Ozone Action Day
SPORTS
Today is the ďŹrst Ozone Action Day
of the summer for Northeast Texas.
Because of hot weather and little or no
wind, emissions (such as those from
vehicles and power plants) are expected
to form a smog or haze. This
mixture, known as ozone,
endangers public heath.
More on weather, Page 5B.
Quarterback education
President Bush invoked executive privilege to stop Congress from
reviewing a report on the CIA leak case.
Page 3A
Young QBs found pigskin
knowledge at the Gilmer Passing
Academy. Page 1C
started
â Friday: The
ďŹrst test
trees; a ribbon of brown water that disappears around a bend.
Bush blocks records
on CIA leak case
The series
â Today: Getting
warden who lives on the river.
THE NATION
New report
conďŹrms
consumersâ
wallet pinch
TODAYâS
WEATHER
â Saturday:
Unwelcome
guests
â Sunday: Redneck heaven
Almost everything that consumers
spent money on last month â from
food to electricity and gasoline â took
a bigger piece of their paychecks.
InďŹation in June rose at the fastest
rate in 17 years, the government said
Wednesday, just a day after the chairman of the Federal Reserve warned
that inďŹation posed a signiďŹcant risk to
the nationâs economic outlook.
The Consumer Price Index, which
measures prices of a batch of common
household products, rose 1.1 percent in
June, the Labor Department said. That
increase caps a year in which inďŹation has surged to proportions seen by
some as threatening the stability of the
American economy.
In the past 12 months, the price index
has risen 5 percent, the biggest annual
See INFLATION, Page 6A
Partly cloudy. High of 97.
SEVEN-DAY FORECAST, PAGE 5B
HEALTH
Index
Low-pressure exercise
Advice..................4C
ClassiďŹeds ...........1D
Comics.................12D
Health..................7A
Homework ...........10A
If you love to stay active but canât
stand to jar your joints, water exercise is for you. Several centers
in Longview offer classes.
Page 7A
EAST TEXAS
Area toddler drowns
A Union Grove 1-year-old playing
with her toddler sister drowned
after ďŹnding a way out of a front
yard gate and climbing into a
small pool about three feet deep.
Page 1B
Leisure ................4C
Movie times.........4C
Obituaries........ 4-5B
Opinion ................2B
Stocks..................6B
Wednesdayâs lottery
FIND IT ONLINE
Being Me
Which is better, âThe Godfatherâ or
âScarfaceâ? Preston Mitchell has a passion
for movies, and heâll tell you straight up.
See his story only on the news-journal.
com video series, âBeing Me.â
Pick Three A.M.
.....1-8-7
Pick Three P.M.
.....7-8-6
Lotto Texas
.....5-17-31-32-43-47
Cash Five
.....4-8-9-26-33
Powerball
.....5-15-23-29-42
Powerball: 17
2. 4A
Longview News-Journal, Thursday, July 17, 2008
LIFE ON THE SABINE
Wes Ferguson
Jacob Croft Botter
John âWesâ Ferguson is a 1998 graduate of
Sabine High School. He attended Kilgore College and graduated
with a journalism
degree from the
University of Texas
at Austin in 2004.
Wes worked as
an intern for the
News-Journal off and on from 1999 to 2003.
He was a full-time writer from 2004 to 2005
before leaving to travel and write. Wes lives
part time in Colorado, where he teaches
skiing. From time to time, he returns to East
Texas, where heâs always welcomed at the
News-Journal.
The Sabine River trip marked Jacob Croft
Botterâs last full-time assignment with the
News-Journal. The
Hallsville native
has returned to
Louisiana, where
he earned a master
of ďŹne arts degree
from the Louisiana
State University. Jacob has been a photo instructor in the past and continues to pursue
ďŹne arts photography. His work has been
published and displayed in various books and
exhibits, including the Longview Museum of
Fine Artâs âComing Homeâ show, which opens
Saturday.
news-journal.com
History and facts about the Sabine River
â The Sabine River ďŹows for 555 miles,
called the âSabine River Blues.â The
west of the Sabine River to be Spanish
from Hunt County in northeast Texas
lyrics go like this: âSabine River,
territory. French traders also used the
all the way to the Gulf of Mexico. The
mama, so deep and wide, oh Lordy.
Sabine, and Spain and France each
headwaters of the Sabine are about
Sabine River, mama, so deep and wide,
claimed the area.
two miles west of Celeste at a fork
I can see my baby on the other side.â â After the Louisiana Purchase of 1803,
called Cowleach Fork. The fork is
â Writer Jack Kerouac also mentions
the United States and Spain create
named for an early Indian chief who
the Sabine River (he called it an âevil
in 1806 what was called the Neutral
lived in the area.
old riverâ) in his 1957 novel, âOn the
Ground. That area was from the Arâ The name Sabine comes from the
Road.â
royo Hondo in Louisiana west to the
Spanish word for cypress. The original â There have been inhabitants along the
Sabine River, which covered a large
name was Rio de Sabinas, or âRiver
Sabine River for thousands of years.
portion of East Texas. For more than a
of Cypress.â Thatâs because of the
Itâs been thought the Caddos lived
dozen years, there was no law there,
tremendous growth of cypress trees
beside the Sabine as early as 780 A.D.
which attracted hundreds of bandits
along the lower Sabine River.
Early Caddo mounds have been found
and rufďŹans who knew they wouldnât
â Alger âTexasâ Alexander, the early
along the river.
have to answer for their actions.
Texas blues musician, wrote a song
â The early Spanish considered the area
â Van Craddock, East Texas historian
Water need threatens river habitat
From Page 1A
We left on the last Tuesday in
June.
How bad could it be?
Floods on the Sabine wash the
banks out from under trees. The
trees cave into the water, where
they snarl debris in a current that
can run from lethargic to raging in
a matter of hours. Where the river
is narrow, the logjams make navigation tricky, and often impossible.
âIt can get dangerous. If the riverâs high and you donât know what
youâre doing, you can get in a pickle
real quick,â said Shaun Crook, a
state wildlife biologist. âIâve almost
ďŹipped several boats when you get
out in that fast current.â
Crook is a tall man with a grizzly beard. He wears a denim shirt,
tucked into denim jeans, tucked
into knee-high rubber boots.
It gets muddy where he works.
Crook is the biologist for two of
the stateâs 51 wildlife management
areas, Tawakoni and the Old Sabine
Bottom, a 5,700-acre reserve northeast of his hometown of Lindale.
Crook has explored the river
along the Old Sabine, and he didnât
think we stood much of a chance
boating through it. Spring ďŹoods
had receded, and the water was full
of downed trees.
âYouâre probably gonna come
into contact with logjams you canât
get around when itâs that low,â
he said. âSometimes you can go
through them if theyâre real loose,
but itâs gonna be tough getting up
Jacob Croft Botter/News-Journal Photo
and down that river right now. You
probably wonât be able to run the âThe wetlands act like kidneys to ďŹlter out pollution, heavy metals and efďŹuence that come from up above us.â
whole length of the WMA.â
Crook had been spending much State wildlife biologist Shaun Crook believes the wetlands around the Sabine play an important role in the area, but reservoirs are threatening those wetlands. Some of the
of his time doing paperwork, or areaâs drinking water comes from the Sabine, and the wetlands are able to clean that water.
counting birds and analyzing trees
in the forest. He was itching to get
Little Sandy Hunting and Fishing
back on the river. He didnât think
Club â turned over its 3,800 acres to
we could handle it by ourselves, but
the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. The
he didnât mind taking us for a ride
river authority sued, but a judgeâs
in his boat, courtesy of the Texas
order effectively killed plans for the
Parks and Wildlife Department.
reservoir.
Members of
an 84-year-old
hunting club
on the north
bank of the Sabine â the Little
Sandy Hunting
and Fishing
Club â camp in
covered barges
that ďŹoat on
the river.
Draining natureâs kidneys
It was a cloudy summer Tuesday
on the Sabine. The motor hummed
as Crook sped around the many logjams that cluttered our path. Occasionally, low tree branches smacked
us in the face.
âWatch out,â Crook shouted.
âSometimes youâre just gonna have
to duck down and take it.â
We had put into the river at a public boat ramp of mud and dirt at the
end of a truck trail on the Old Sabine Bottom, about 10 miles northeast of Lindale. We cruised toward
our destination south of Hawkins, a
journey that could take 30 minutes
or four hours, depending on water
levels that had been falling about a
foot a day.
The river was about 6 feet deep,
but it can drop to less than a couple
of feet by late summer, Crook said.
During ďŹood times, the water can
climb to above 30 feet.
When the river rises high enough,
usually in the winter or spring, it
surges over the banks. The ďŹoodwaters spill into the surrounding
bottomlands, creating wetlands and
triggering an important cycle in the
health of the river, Crook said.
âThe wetlands act like kidneys
to ďŹlter out pollution, heavy metals and efďŹuenceâ â think sewage
â âthat come from up above us,â he
said.
The wetlands trap and break
down the harmful bits that have
churned in the current. They also
ďŹlter the silt that makes the water
cloudy.
Floodwater trapped in the wetlands soaks into the ground. Eventually, it seeps back into streams,
lakes and rivers â and eventually
our drinking water â cleaned of
much of the harmful sediment.
Thatâs how it has worked for thousands of years, but itâs happening
less, Crook said. He said Texas has
lost three-fourths of its bottomland
hardwoods in the past two centuries. And for the past four decades,
water ďŹow and ďŹoods along the up-
Jacob Croft Botter
News-Journal
Photo
Jacob Croft Botter/News-Journal Photo
A ďŹeld of palmetto plants is part of the natural beauty of the Old Sabine Bottom Wildlife
Management Area.
per Sabine have depended on water
levels in Lake Tawakoni, a reservoir
built at the head of the river.
âBefore Tawakoni, we had larger
and longer ďŹoods,â Crook said.
Until heavy rains in 2007, he
said, the Old Sabine Bottom hadnât
ďŹooded in about ďŹve years. After
the drought, many ducks and other
wetland creatures are only starting
to return.
âThereâs always a threat to bottomland hardwood habitat, but the
biggest threat right now is reservoirs, because everybody needs wa-
ter,â he said.
So how does one strike a balance between conservation and our
growing thirst for water?
Crook laughed and shook his
head.
âI donât know,â he said. âItâs a
very, very sticky situation.â
Scaring turtles,
skirting logjams
Crook nosed the boat through
loose debris. He eased off the gas.
A fallen log straddled the water
like a small bridge, just a few feet
above the surface. We crawled into
the bottom of the boat and coasted
underneath it, clearing the log by
inches.
âAll right, weâre good,â Crook
said. âTill the next logjam.â
Snowy egrets and little blue herons glided alongside our boat before veering over the trees. Turtles
plopped into the water, and palmetto plants waved like spiky green
fans on the tall banks. It was hard to
fathom that less than 25 years earlier, this place had almost been submerged in the bottom of a reservoir
known as Waters Bluff.
It would have been an excellent
reservoir, said Jack Tatum, water
resources manager for the Sabine
River Authority, the state agency
that oversees the river and its watershed area. The reservoir would
have supplied the water needs of the
region for years to come, he said.
âIn Texas, our rivers are ephemeral in nature. There is a lot of ďŹow
at times and no ďŹow at other times.
Unless you have a storage project,
how do you plan for future water
needs?â he said. âEven with conservation, if youâre gonna double
the population of the state, youâre
gonna have to meet those needs.â
Conservation groups fought the
construction of Waters Bluff. In
1986, an 84-year-old hunting club on
the north bank of the Sabine â the
The boat goes airborne
Two decades later, Little Sandy
club members still hunt and ďŹsh
with exclusive rights to the federal
refuge. Many of them camp in covered barges that ďŹoat on the river.
More importantly, the refuge is
home to what many people consider the last substantial forest of
old growth bottomland hardwoods
in Texas.
âThere are some trees over there
that us three holding out hand to
hand couldnât reach around them,â
Crook said.
Across the river from Little
Sandy at the Old Sabine Bottom,
state wildlife managers are allowing younger trees to grow. The forest will reach old growth status in
about half a century, Crook said.
The biologist rounded a bend in
the river. He came to another obstacle â a downed log that peeked
two or three inches from the waterâs surface.
âOK, hang on,â Crook said. âIâm
gonna jump it.â
He mashed the accelerator and
hit the log dead-on, seesawing his
boat across it. He popped the propeller out of the water right before
it crushed against the wood, and
we fell with a thud back into the
river.
Soon we reached our destination â the FM 14 bridge south of
Hawkins.
We had completed our ďŹrst day
on the river. Tomorrow, though,
would be different. Weâd be steering our own boat, without Crook
to guide us. Tatum said we could
expect more logjams and little
concrete dams, called weirs, that
might snag our boat as we ďŹoated
toward Longview.
âOnce you leave that bridge
and youâre heading downstream,
youâve got to be prepared,â he said.
âItâs a slow-moving river, but itâs
misleading. You have to be careful
because you can get into all kinds
of things out there.â
3. EAST TEXAS
SECTION B /
INSIDE
Illegal immigration
A Longview member of the Texas Border Volunteers says
America is facing a crisis. Page 3B
news-journal.com
FRIDAY, JULY 18, 2008
OfďŹcials say Titus man doused
girlfriend, child with gasoline
FROM STAFF REPORTS
Titus County sheriffâs ofďŹcials have charged two men
with aggravated assault in
separate incidents.
One of the men threatened
to kill the mother of his child,
and the other man doused his
girlfriend and her 5-year-old
son with gasoline and threatened to set them on ďŹre, the
sheriffâs ofďŹce reported.
According to the sheriffâs
ofďŹce, a woman took the
19-month-old daughter she
shares with Kyle Lee Landrum to his residence on
CR 4250 on July 10. She said
Landrum pointed a pistol at
her and threatened to kill her
while removing his daughter from the vehicle, a press
release from the sheriffâs ofďŹce said. Landrum grabbed
the woman by the throat and
LIFE ON
THE SABINE
PART TWO OF FOUR
Whatâs to be found on the
river? Fish, snakes, abandoned
structures and oil rigs, and
sometimes people. And
often, youâll ďŹnd a good story.
Animal
blessings
ďŹred one shot above her, ofďŹcials said.
The woman said Landrum
ordered her from the car. She
refused, and he turned the
gun around and hit her on the
back of the head, the sheriffâs
ofďŹce reported. The woman
then ďŹed from the residence.
OfďŹcers searched Landrumâs residence and found
three handguns and one spent
See TITUS, Page 3B
The Rev. Michael L.
Schutz, left, blesses
animals Thursday
at the School for
Little Children
at First United
Methodist Church
in Longview.
Kevin Green
News-Journal Photo
âBorn
and raisedâ
STORY BY WES FERGUSON
PHOTOGRAPHY BY JACOB CROFT BOTTER
LISD
hires
director
Special ed administrator
one of three new ofďŹcials
employed this summer
BY JIMMY ISAAC
jisaac@longview-news.com
Whatever these giant, concrete pillars were, nature mostly has engulfed them and now owns them for her own uses. The abandoned structures can be found at
random spots along the banks of the Sabine River.
news-journal.com
CLICK IT UP: Read past stories in this series, see ad-
T
ditional photos and video from the trip online.
Renovations
could mean
tax rate drop
OWERING CONCRETE
pillars have crumbled
into ruins littering the
river. The encroaching
forest has wrapped its
vines around what is left
standing, swallowing the
ancient and abandoned structures.
Our little ďŹatbottom boat motored past aban-
doned pillars that rose from either bank of the
Sabine River like monuments to a vanished
people. The boat skirted wooden platforms that
rotted on the riverâs edge. Rusting pipes swayed
Along the banks of the Sabine sit structures no longer in use, such as the building that once was The
Sandbar and Marina on River Road, west of Texas 42.
in the current.
The series
It was the second morning of a four-day trip
â Thursday: Getting
down the Sabine River. The water was wide
started
and calm and brown as we boated downstream
â Today: The ďŹrst
from U.S. 271 just south of Gladewater headed
test
toward Longview. Concrete blocks squatted
â Saturday: Unwel-
like little pyramids on the banks, while others
â Sunday: Redneck
come guests
heaven
lay like broken tombstones.
A snake slithered in the water. Though the
wide majority of snakes on the Sabine River
are harmless, one must watch for the venomous ones that are known to bite, advised Ricky
Maxey, a state wildlife biologist in Marshall.
âI wouldnât be overly concerned. Theyâre
just trying to make a living, looking for things
to eat, and most of the time theyâre looking to
get away from humans,â he said.
The morning passed with an easy calm. At
lunch time, we tied our boat to a wide tree limb
CONTINUED ON PAGE 6B
Vicki Summers, who has led special education efforts in four Gregg
County schools for a decade, is moving to Longview Independent School
District.
Trustees hired Summers this week
to succeed Special Education Director
Vicki Green, who retired in the spring
after some 30 years with the district,
said LISD spokesman Brian Bowman.
Summers will receive an $85,000 annual salary, but a start date has not been
set, Bowman said.
Summers has spent the past 35 years
in local education. Since 1998, she has
worked with four districts â Sabine,
Gladewater, Spring Hill and White
Oak â as director of the Gregg County
Special Education Shared Service Arrangement. Before that, she spent 15
years as Pine Tree ISDâs speech/language pathologist, three years as an
educational diagnostician for the Harrison County Special Education Cooperative, and seven years as director
of the Rusk County Special Education
Cooperative.
From 2005 to 2007, Summers was
recognized by the Texas Education
Agency for her assistance in planning
and implementing a multisensory
program for children who have severe
cognitive disabilities.
Summers is the third administraSee LISD, Page 3B
Don McClendon said he grew up near the river exploring ancient Indian hunting
and ďŹshing grounds. âIâve found a zillion arrowheads down here,â he said. âYouâll
talk to people who just think the Sabine River is an old, nasty, muddy river, but we
swam in it all our lives, skied in it. Itâs just like a lake, but it changes every year.
When it ďŹoods and goes back down thereâs always something different.â
Hughes Springs schools
beneďŹt from election
to raise operations fund
BY CHRISTINA LANE
clane@longview-news.com
When parents drive their children
to school in Hughes Springs on Aug.
25, they will pull into new parking lots
that were resurfaced during the summer break.
Because those and other renovations
are being completed this summer, residents might see a decrease in their tax
rate, Superintendent Rick Ogden said
Wednesday.
The $588,000 in parking lot renovations is being paid from the school districtâs general fund, along with other
projects, Ogden said.
Money in the fund increased after
voters approved a tax rate of $1.23 per
$100 in taxable value in a 2007 election,
he added.
The election was necessary to raise
the maintenance and operations side
of the tax rate above the state-allowed
maximum.
Because the district has been able
to complete its major projects, the tax
rate could decrease, Ogden said. Ogden declined to comment on how much
the tax rate could go down because the
See HUGHES SPRINGS, Page 3B
4. 6B
Longview News-Journal, Friday, July 18, 2008
LIFE ON THE SABINE
news-journal.com
âWhen I was growing up, you couldnât even eat the ďŹsh in this river it was so polluted. (OilďŹeld companies) just dumped saltwater into the river,
and the ďŹsh tasted bad. We had to ďŹsh above Gladewater to get ďŹsh we could eat. But itâs been cleaned up, and thereâs good ďŹshing now.â
Elton P. Woodall
Sabine River resident and trapper
Elton P. Woodall has lived most of his life on the river. Before he became sick recently, he trapped beavers, raccoons, bobcats and even river otters, selling the pelts to a distributor in Canada. Woodall works near his home in
a shop on a little island in the middle of a pond. The shop is full of reminders of where he lives, such as the ďŹshing lure decoration (top right) and equipment that stretches pelts (bottom right), on which an insect rests.
Fish are âfineâ in Sabineâs waters
From Page 1B
that shaded the water. Tall oaks and
elms crowded the other bank.
âItâs so beautiful down here,â said
photographer Jake Botter. âItâs so
much prettier than I think about
it.â
East Texas also is hillier than
many people realize. Pressing on,
we passed bluffs that tower 30 or 40
feet above the river. On one, cows
rested under pine trees, watching
us as they chewed.
Approaching Texas 42, a few miles
south of White Oak, houses began to
appear on the southwestern bank. A
black dog swam in the water. Maybe
his owner was nearby.
The Indians
left their ďŹsh traps
Sure enough, the dog belonged to
Don McClendon, a man who wore
a handlebar mustache, Red Wing
boots and a pair of short pants. He
was spending his afternoon on an
old John Deere tractor, leveling dirt
at his future home site about 40 feet
above the river.
McClendon said he grew up nearby, exploring ancient Indian hunting and ďŹshing grounds.
âIâve found a zillion arrowheads
down here,â he said. âDown about 20
feet from where your boatâs parked,
thereâs an old Indian ďŹsh trap.â
Up and down the river, he said,
you can see Indian ďŹsh traps late in
summer when the waterâs low.
Indians built U-shaped walls of
river stone that looked like jetties,
he said. The walls blocked the ďŹshâs
passage through the channel, leaving them easy prey for an Indianâs
spear.
The ďŹsh traps might have belonged to the Caddo Indians, he
said, who had been living in the
Sabine River basin for around 800
years when the Spanish reached the
area in the 16th century.
Long before the Caddos, the basin was home to the 12,000-year-old
Clovis culture, whose chiseled spear
points McClendon and others still
ďŹnd on banks and riverbeds.
McClendon looked across the river, admiring the view. He said itâs a
peaceful place to sit and drink coffee
in the morning.
âYouâll talk to people who just
think the Sabine River is an old,
nasty, muddy river, but we swam in
it all our lives, skied in it,â he said.
âItâs just like a lake, but it changes
every year. When it ďŹoods and goes
back down thereâs always something different.â
McClendon said no one is more of
a Sabine River expert than his downriver neighbor, Elton P. Woodall. We
found him on a high bank above the
river at the sprawling shack heâs
been building since he moved in 10
years ago.
âIâve lived on the river a pretty
good while,â Woodall said. âI was
born and raised here, and Iâve been
as far as you can go both ways.â
Clean water
and ďŹne-tasting ďŹsh
Woodall is a trapper. Before he got
sick a few months ago, he snared
beavers, raccoons, bobcats and river
otters along the Sabine River.
After he caught a critter he
skinned and stretched it in a shop
he built on an island in a wide pond
that sits in his front yard, a stoneâs
throw from the river.
A wooden bridge gets him from
his yard to the island every day. The
island gives him privacy when he
works, he said.
Woodall sells the pelts to a distributor in Canada. He also catches and
sells catďŹsh to the public.
âJust show up and ask for them,â
he said.
âIâve got them in the freezer.
Donât know how many I have left,
since Iâve been sick two or three
months.â
Woodall ďŹgures the nature of his
illness is nobodyâs business but his
own. It is serious, though. On the
last Wednesday afternoon in June,
he rested in a leather recliner under the tin-roof carport next to his
house. An industrial-sized box fan
blew cool air on his face.
He said his father ran trotlines
on the Sabine when he was a child,
and he and his friends used to ďŹoat
down the river on inner tubes.
The Sabine has changed dramatically since those days, he said, especially in regard to the oilďŹeld equipment that has been left to decay
along the river banks.
âWhen I was growing up, you
couldnât even eat the ďŹsh in this
river it was so polluted,â he said.
â(OilďŹeld companies) just dumped
saltwater into the river, and the ďŹsh
tasted bad. We had to ďŹsh above
Gladewater to get ďŹsh we could eat.
But itâs been cleaned up, and thereâs
good ďŹshing now. The ďŹsh taste
ďŹne.â
Some East Texans might think
their river is dirty, but thatâs just not
the case anymore, said Jack Tatum,
water resources manager for the Sabine River Authority.
In the 1970s and â80s, the state government began cleaning the Sabine
and other rivers of wastewater contaminants.
Regulators streamlined the standards for water that pours into the
river from industries and sewage
treatment facilities, and the river
authority and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality continue to monitor the Sabine and its
tributaries.
Especially downstream from
Longview, the Sabineâs watershed
sometimes has low levels of dissolved oxygen, which can harm
ďŹsh.
A couple of monitoring sites occasionally show high levels of bacteria
after heavy rainfalls, but the river
water is generally safe, according to
river authority reports.
Tatum said there are no restrictions on ďŹsh consumption or bodily
contact with the Sabine River water.
âThe riverâs in better shape than
itâs been in many, many years as far
as water quality,â Tatum said.
âWeâve come a long way in protecting our water. Generally speaking, the water quality is excellent
throughout the Sabine watershed.â
Woodall skins and stretches the critters he traps in this shop he built on an island in a pond that sits in his front yard, right by the
river. A wooden bridge gets him from his yard to the island every day. His island gives him privacy when he works, he said.
The Sabineâs path to the Gulf of Mexico
â Three forks of the Sabine River merge in Lake Tawakoni, just south of Greenville, to
form the Sabine River proper.
â Southeast of Lake Tawakoni, the river forms the boundary lines between Rains and
Van Zandt, Van Zandt and Wood, Wood and Smith, and Smith and Upshur counties.
â The river continues into Gregg County, ďŹowing just south of Gladewater, Clarksville
City, White Oak and Longview and on to Lakeport and Easton.
â Originally, the Sabine River was the southern boundary of Gregg County when it was
created in 1873. In April 1874, another 141 square miles south of the Sabine River in
Rusk County were added to Gregg County.
â From Gregg County, the Sabine River forms part of the Rusk-Harrison county boundary, then turns south into Panola County where the river continues east of Carthage.
â The river empties into Toledo Bend Reservoir in extreme southeast Panola County.
From there, it forms the border between Texas and Louisiana.
â At the end of its 555-mile journey, the Sabine discharges more water into the Gulf of
Mexico than any other Texas river.
â Van Craddock and Wes Ferguson
Frog legs are good eating
Woodall said the Sabine River is
home to more game now than at any
other time in his 60 years. The previous weekend, he said, his grandchildren caught more than 30 frogs.
âThey go up and down the river
catching bullfrogs with their hands.
Theyâre really good eating,â he said.
âWe fry most of them, just like fried
chicken.â
The afternoon was getting late. It
was time to move on, but not before
a warning from Woodall:
âYâall be careful. You can turn
a boat over in that river,â he said.
âIâve done it a hundred times.â
He said to watch for a concrete
barrier, called a weir, just beneath
the water between Texas 42 and
Texas 31.
âItâs bad dangerous,â he said. âI
sunk my boat there in January and
nearly drowned. Make sure you get
out and have a look around before
you do anything.â
First test of nautical skill
Old oil derricks stretch up from
platforms on the water around
Texas 42. Some of them are still in
use. The river seemed to narrow,
and we dodged frequent trees that
clogged the channel.
A few miles downstream from
Texas 42, we had to stop.
A pair of trees had fallen from
opposite bluffs. They formed a wall
where they met in the middle of the
river, snagging logs and limbs in a
massive tangle of woody debris. A
thick, gray snake slithered among
the branches.
There was no way around.
The smaller of the two trees lay
mostly submerged, peeking two or
three inches above the waterâs surface. Only the day before, our river
guide had jumped a similar log in
his ďŹat-bottom boat.
âOh, we got this,â I said.
Jake wasnât so sure. The logjam
diverted the swift current under
and around itself. He feared that
if the boat struck high center, we
would be sucked into the waterâs
path and spun sideways, quickly
capsizing.
To make matters worse, a sharp
knob jutted from the smaller tree
in the only place we thought we
could cross. What if we gashed the
bottom of our borrowed boat?
We docked to have a look
around.
Clinging to exposed pine tree
roots, we scrambled up a steep
bank of red clay. If we unloaded
our gear and somehow hoisted the
16-foot-long boat over the bank, we
thought we could walk it about a
hundred yards along a game trail
and put in just downstream of the
logjam. It was an hours-long prospect.
On cue, storm clouds rolled in
dark and ominous.
We had to go for it. We gunned
the boat toward the lower log to hit
it full-speed and jump it, hoping we
wouldnât crush the propeller. We
were about to hit the log. At the last
second, we veered away. We raced
for it a second time: We got closer.
We were almost upon it. We turned
off.
âI just canât do it,â Jake said.
âIâve never gone over anything like
that.â
Defeated, we called my brother
to pick us up. As we backtracked to
the highway crossing, the ďŹrst of
the raindrops stung our faces and
rippled on the river.
Call us dismal failures
Back at Texas 42, Ronnie King
Jr. was loading his tank of a boat
at a private ramp just west of the
highway.
King, from White Oak, had spent
the afternoon riding the river. He
said our logjam was pretty easy to
cross when heading downstream.
It was only a little trickier on the
way back up, he added. That didnât
make us feel any better.
âWhen youâre about to jump a
log, run it like itâs stolen,â driving
as fast as possible, he advised.
King gave us his phone number.
âWe run the river pretty hard,â
he said of himself and a few buddies. âIf, God forbid, you lock a motor up, you give us a call and weâll
get you drug out of there.â
It was only our second day on the
river â our ďŹrst by ourselves â and
already the trip was in peril. What
if we had gotten over that logjam
only to face another, meaner one
just a few miles downstream?
âI hope this isnât a sign of whatâs
to come,â my brother said.
5. EAST TEXAS
SECTION B /
INSIDE
Two charged with aggravated robbery
Kilgore police have added to charges against two Kilgore
residents for a robbery at a gas station. Page 3B
news-journal.com
SATURDAY, JULY 19, 2008
Reserve deputy charged Longview ďŹre marshal
leaves for new position
with false identiďŹcation
BY RANDY ROSS
BY RANDY ROSS
rross@longview-news.com
VAN
CRADDOCK
Area hombreâs
close shave
proved fatal
S
eaborn Barnes was an East
Texas outlaw who just couldnât
get any respect.
âSeabâ Barnes, a Cass County native, died July 19, 1878, when he and
Sam Bass tried to rob the bank in
Round Rock north of Austin.
Folks in Linden knew young Barnes
as a troublemaker. Some said he was
as mean as Cullen Baker, the Cass
County bandit who terrorized postCivil War East Texas before dying of
lead poisoning in 1868.
By the age of 17, Barnes had been
jailed in Fort Worth for a shooting
incident. He wound up in Denton
working as a potterâs helper.
Thatâs where he met up with Sam
Bass.
An Indiana native, Bass had robbed
trains, banks and stagecoaches from
Nebraska to Texas. Outlawry seemed
a glamorous life to Barnes, who joined
Bassâ gang and became the banditâs
second-in-command.
Between February and April 1878,
the gang held up trains in the Dallas
suburbs of Allen, Hutchins and Mesquite. A gunďŹght at Mesquite resulted
in Barnes being shot through both
legs, but he was able to escape with the
rest of the gang.
A Gregg County Sheriffâs
OfďŹce reserve deputy has
resigned after being arrested on accusations that he
falsely identiďŹed himself
as a state game warden.
William Bryan Waller,
61, of Tyler was arrested in
Smith County on the misdemeanor charge of false
identiďŹcation as a peace ofďŹcer. According to a Texas
Parks and Wildlife Department report, Waller attend-
ed a Texas
Master
Naturalist
training
class
at
the departmentâs
Nature
Center
William Waller in Tyler
on
Feb.
2. Waller had with him a
game warden badge, which
he displayed to another
person and identiďŹed himself as an undercover game
warden.
LIFE ON
THE SABINE
PART THREE OF FOUR
Along the river sit ghost
communities â once thriving
towns in the 1800s that fed on
the Sabine and became extinct
as the Civil War began.
A department investigator interviewed Waller
on June 20, and he gave a
statement saying he had
the badge made about 10
years ago.
âI showed it to one or two
students, and I told them I
was a game warden,â the
department report quotes
Waller as saying. âI do not
know why I did that, maybe
stupidity.â
Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department ofďŹcials arrested Waller on June 26.
See DEPUTY, Page 4B
rross@longview-news.com
Longview Fire Marshal
Mark Moore might be leaving the Longview Fire Department, but his public service is far from ďŹnished.
After more than 24 years
working with the Longview
Fire Department, Moore has
announced he will retire on
July 31. He plans to take a
month of vacation before
beginning a new job with
the Gregg County Sheriffâs
OfďŹce.
The Gilmer nativeâs exposure to public service began
early in his life. His grandfather was a Gilmer ďŹreďŹghter
and his father was a sheriffâs
deputy.
âI didnât know anything
else,â Moore said with a
laugh.
Mooreâs career as a ďŹreďŹghter began in the early
1980s when he joined the
Gilmer Fire Department.
He transferred to Longview
in 1984, and he said he has
worked in just about every
section of the department,
including maintenance, medical and ďŹre suppression. He
became the ďŹre marshal in
See MOORE, Page 3B
Lost
towns
STORY BY WES FERGUSON
PHOTOGRAPHY BY JACOB CROFT BOTTER
Adamâs apple
In early June, Bass and his cronies rode into Denton and retrieved
two horses that the Denton County
sheriff had taken from Sam. The
Dallas Herald reported the gang
was composed of âSam Bass, Henry
Underwood, Frank Jackson, Charles
Carter and two others, one of whom
is said to be named Barnes.â
At this point, the Texas Rangers
got involved in tracking down the
Bass Gang, which found support
from some residents of North and
East Texas. âThe arrest of 12 or 15
men who are now lying in jail in
Tyler as accomplices shows that the
robbers had aid and abettors in the
surrounding country,â reported the
Dallas Herald.
Once Barnesâ identity was known,
an 1878 contemporary account noted
he was ârather slender of build, light
complexion, dark hazel eyes, his
throat marked with a huge Adamâs
apple ... and rough in his demeanor.â
In July, Bass decided to rob the
bank at Round Rock. However, gang
member Jim Murphy had turned
informer and tipped off the Rangers
to the gangâs Central Texas plans.
Above, Mack
Smith ďŹshes
on the Sabine
River at the
U.S. 59 bridge
south of Marshall. At left,
the number
of startlingly
white sand
beaches on the
Sabineâs banks
throughout
Panola County
might surprise
some people.
Shooting starts
On July 19, 1878, Bass and Barnes
were casing the Round Rock bank
when peace ofďŹcers approached
them. The outlaws drew their weapons, killing deputy Ellis Grimes and
wounding deputy Morris Moore.
Texas Ranger Richard Ware was
getting a shave across the street
when he heard the gunshots. Emerging from the barber shop with lather
on his face, Ware drew his pistol and
ďŹred a shot into Seaborn Barnesâ
head as he attempted to mount his
horse.
The East Texan died almost immediately.
Lawmen also shot Bass, who rode
out of town but was found the next
day not far from Round Rock. Bass
died on July 21. It was his 27th birthday.
Visitors to Round Rock today will
ďŹnd Barnesâ grave lying next to the
tombstone of Sam Bass. The East
Texanâs marker reads in part:
âHere lies Seaborn Barnes, a member of the Sam Bass gang. Born in
Cass County, Texas.
He was right bower (anchor) to
Sam Bass.â
The Round Rock Cemetery sits
beside Sam Bass Road. Round Rockâs
community theatre and youth baseball league also are named for Sam
Bass.
In Cass County, Bloomburg annually celebrates the Cullen Baker
Country Fair. (Itâs Nov. 1 this year.)
No streets or fairs commemorate
the memory of âSeabâ Barnes.
Van âQuick Drawâ Craddockâs e-mail address is
vancraddock@sbcglobal.net.
news-journal.com
CLICK IT UP: Read past stories in this series, see additional photos
L
and video from the trip online.
We backtracked to a highway crossing south of White Oak
and hauled our borrowed boat to the next public boat ramp
at Texas 149 in Lakeport.
The maneuver bypassed most of the Sabine around
IGHTNING FLASHED in the west-
Longview and Gregg County, a narrow, winding stretch
ern sky. A thunderstorm rolled to-
that several people said was worth seeing.
ward the river. And here were two
âWhen you get to that part of the river, it seems like
guys climbing into a metal boat on an
youâre lost in the middle of nowhere,â said Ronnie King
open body of water. Smart.
Jr., a resident of White Oak who often ďŹshes on the Sa-
A rainy night approached on the
second day of our journey down the
Sabine River. We sat underneath a bridge in Lakeport, feeling like a couple of bums, as we waited for the downpour
to subside.
bine.
âItâs quiet, and you donât see civilization. Itâs just you
and your boat and your rod and your reel, enjoying life.â
We missed the chance to look for any signs of Fredonia,
a riverport that once bustled on the southern banks of the
This trip was not going according to plan.
Sabine River, long before anyone ever heard of a younger
A few hours earlier, photographer Jacob Croft Botter
town miles to the north â Longview.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 6B
and I had come to a logjam we couldnât get over or around.
The series
â Thursday:
Getting
started
â Friday: The
ďŹrst test
â Today: Unwelcome guests
â Sunday: Redneck heaven
6. 6B
LIFE ON THE SABINE
Longview News-Journal, Saturday, July 19, 2008
news-journal.com
A boater travels up the Sabine on a picture-perfect day. Despite its reputation as dirty and muddy, many East Texans ďŹock to the river as a source of peace and tranquility.
Watch out for alligator gar, shoals
From Page 1B
Fredonia, a town
that vanished
In the years between Texas Independence and the Civil War, little
towns sprang up at ferry crossings
along the Sabine in East Texas. The
cotton trade was thriving, and plantation owners loaded their crops onto
barges that steamed down the Sabine
to New Orleans and Galveston.
Haden Edwards, a pioneer and entrepreneur in Nacogdoches, had been
run out of Texas in 1827 for leading
a failed revolt against the Mexican
government. He returned during
the Texas Revolution, and in 1839, he
founded the town of Fredonia where
Interstate 20 and FM 2087 meet south
of Longview.
By the 1850s, the ferry crossing and
riverport had three warehouses and
40 to 50 buildings, including a brick
kiln and a post ofďŹce.
During the Civil War, men left
the town to ďŹght, and the ones who
stayed couldnât ďŹnd a market for
their cotton. The town disappeared.
In the years that followed, freed
black people established a settlement
a couple of miles to the south. They
also called their community Fredonia, and itâs still there today.
But we missed all that. The rain
and a ticking clock kept us from
heading upstream on a search for a
town thatâs no longer there.
Careening over alligator gar
The storm passed after an hour
and a half. We left the shelter of the
Texas 149 bridge, and the river was
dark and green in the shadows. We
were left with just enough twilight to
set up camp on a muddy spot a mile
or so downriver, beside a tree with
gnarled limbs that stretched down to
the water.
We split a can of beef stew, and
slept like rocks.
In the morning, the previous
nightâs rain dripped from saturated
bluffs and fell in droplets to the river.
Red clay bled down the banks. Jake
let me steer the boat, and I promptly
ran over two alligator gar and drove
sideways onto the bank. The back end
of the boat dipped below the riverâs
surface, ďŹlling our vessel with water
that Jake scooped out with a plastic
water bottle. He resumed control of
the motor.
We looked for signs of the ferry that
once moved people to and from the
rowdy river port of Camden, where
you could drink in saloons and stay
at a two-story hotel in the 1850s, as
long as you didnât mind sharing your
bed with a stranger.
Whereâs this thriving
river port?
Camden grew in the 1800s at the
river crossing of the Trammel Trace,
a path that was ďŹrst used by Indians
and later became one of the main
routes for Americans who were settling in Texas. A stagecoach line connected the town to Shreveport and
Henderson.
Jerry Don Watt, an amateur historian from Tatum, calls Camden the
former âhub of East Texasâ and the
âqueen city of the upper Sabine.â
Like Fredonia, Camden declined
during the Civil War. When the
Southern PaciďŹc Railroad chose to
bypass the town in 1871, the remaining white residents moved to Tatum and the newly formed town of
Longview, Watt said.
Many of the black residents stayed.
In 1949, they changed the name to
Easton, and about 550 people still live
there.
âItâs hard to imagine today that
Camden was such a thriving community,â Watt said. âIt is my belief
that if the railroad had followed the
old stagecoach line, then Camden
would have been what Longview is
now, the largest town in this part of
East Texas.â
The Sabineâs raging rapids
We heard churning water in the
distance. Upstream from Texas 43,
a couple of hours past Easton, we
came to the ďŹrst of the lignite shoals;
seams of craggy black coal that snag
boats in the water.
They are the same deposits miners
dig from sites around East Texas.
We had been warned about the
many shoals that appear throughout
northern Panola County. When the
waterâs not high, they create rapids
and even a 2-foot waterfall on the
wide, shallow river.
âThereâs a pretty strong hydraulic current behind that thing,â state
wildlife biologist Ricky Maxey had
advised. âBe safe and look for where
the most water passes.â
The current pulled us toward the
churning water as we searched for
the safest place to enter. The propeller scraped the lignite, and Jake
killed the motor and lifted the prop
from the water.
We would have to paddle. The
boat plunged into the rapids, and we
slipped into a whirlpool, spinning
backward. The boat stuck against
the sharp lignite. Jake leaped into
the knee-high current to right the
Sandra Hodge of Carthage talks about her love of ďŹshing on the Sabine. Hodge has 19 ďŹshing poles â all named. âIf youâve got a lot of
stress, come down here and watch that water, and it just washes away your concerns,â she says.
boat; I used our one paddle to push
off against the rocks.
We jerked free. Jake hopped in,
and we again were on our way in water that rushed from the rapids.
Gone ďŹshinâ
Spoiled chicken livers might not do
much for you or me, but they drive
the catďŹsh wild, according to the men
and women who were casting lines
into a more calm ďŹow at the U.S. 59
bridge south of Marshall, less than
an hourâs ride from the rapids.
Sandra Hodge lined nine ďŹshing
rods along the wide, ďŹat bank. She and
her sister, Sissy Bishop, were hoping
to lure a catďŹsh on their Thursday afternoon away from work.
âIf youâve got a lot of stress, come
down here and watch that water, and
it just washes away your concerns,â
Hodge said. âBut I do wish weâd catch
something.â
Hodge lives nearby in Carthage.
She said she enjoys cool evenings
at this spot, listening to the water
lap against the banks. Hodge ďŹshes
whenever she can, and sheâs the owner of 19 ďŹshing rods. Each has a name
scribbled on it in permanent marker.
As we visited, âBumble Beeâ and the
others stood with no pulls from the
water.
âIâm not warped,â she said. âI just
like to name my rod and reel.â
Hodge said her husband taught her
to appreciate the river and its bounty.
He built and sold minnow traps for
spending money when he was a child.
The community of Hodge Slough
in north central Panola County is
named for her father-in-law, who ran
trotlines there.
âMy husband will not eat a catďŹsh
out of a lake,â she said. âHe says you
can taste the mud. River water is running and clean. The ďŹsh are a lighter
color blue, and they just look cleaner
to me. I love the Sabine River.â
She loves the river, she said, but
she remains careful around it.
âThe water may look calm and
safe, but the current and undertow
are what get you,â she said.
Unwelcome guests
Beaches of startlingly white sand
mound up on river bends through
Panola County. Cypress swamps line
the mouths of the many streams and
sloughs that merge with the river
along this isolated stretch. We saw a
doe, more turtles than we could hope
to count, and a pack of wild hogs.
The sun was falling behind willow
trees that swayed in the breeze.
We found a sloping sandbar tucked
behind a sharp bend, and we pitched
the tent. We peeled off our rubber
boots, dug our toes into the sand, and
set out to put our nameless ďŹshing
rods to work. Unfortunately, weâd
picked the wrong kind of bait. When
we cast the line, the hook sailed in
one direction and the bait ďŹew to the
other. There would be no fried catďŹsh
with our dinner of yellow squash and
mashed potatoes.
We sat in camping chairs on our
beach in the middle of nowhere, and
we had the place to ourselves.
Or so we thought.
A rumbling came from the edge of
the forest at the riverâs bend. A woman was watching us from her ATV.
Without word or sign, she backed
into the woods and was gone.
Ten minutes later, we heard a boat
motor approaching from upriver.
A man and a boy nosed around the
bend. Like the woman, they took a
quick look and reversed out of sight.
Then all three boated by. The man
had short, red hair and overalls. He
kept his eyes locked on the opposite
bank.
This was clearly their sandbar.
But we had a right to it as well, according to Tom Gallenbach, a game
warden who patrols the Sabine.
âAs long as youâre below the permanent vegetation line, you can
camp there,â he said. âSome people
will try to run you off, but most people know you can camp there.â
Did these people know that?
Read the conclusion Sunday.
... and critter footprints. A raccoon, maybe?
Take a look around the Sabineâs beaches, and who knows
what youâll ďŹnd. Fossils of leaves ...
... a lone mussel, still moving ...
7. SUNDAY
LONGVIEW, TEXAS
A Cox Newspaper
news-journal.com
July 20, 2008
LIFE ON
THE SABINE
River
fellowship
PART FOUR OF FOUR
They share freshly caught catďŹsh
with each other, then fry it under
tall shade trees. The kids swim till
the sun sets â and beyond. On the river,
thereâs a hidden community that most
people donât even know exists.
STORY BY WES FERGUSON
PHOTOGRAPHY BY JACOB CROFT BOTTER
Toll on
military
families
mounts
Violence, marriage woes
grip deployed troops
BY DAVID CRARY
Associated Press
FORT CAMPBELL, Ky. â Far
from the combat zones, the strains
and separations of no-end-in-sight
wars are taking an ever-growing
toll on military families despite the
armed servicesâ earnest efforts to
help.
Divorce lawyers see it in the
breakup of youthful marriages as
long, multiple deployments in Iraq
and Afghanistan fuel alienation and
mistrust. Domestic violence experts
see it in the scufďŹes that often precede a soldierâs departure or sour a
brieďŹy joyous homecoming.
Teresa Moss, a counselor at Fort
Campbellâs Lincoln Elementary
School, hears it in the voices of deployed soldiersâ children as they
meet in groups to share accounts of
nightmares, bedwetting and heartache.
âThey listen to each other. They
See FAMILIES, Page 6A
Brits find
high-tech
solution
to go green
âItâs like a community down here. Youâve got a lot of good people, and a few that are not so good.â
A group of children and teenagers play in the Sabine at twilight near the Yellow Dog Campground in Panola County. The campground is a haven for âriver rats.â
BY ELISABETH ROSENTHAL
New York Times News Service
news-journal.com
CLICK IT UP: Read the series, see more photos and video online. Also, share
your river stories and post your own photos at seeya.news-journal.com.
W
E WERE BEING WATCHED as the
sun set over the river.
It was the end of our third day
boating down the Sabine, and we
had settled in for the evening on a
white sandbar on what we thought
was a secluded bend in Panola County. Then we noticed the
woman at the forestâs edge. She stared at us for a moment, then
backed into the woods.
A man and boy in a ďŹat-bottom boat peeked around the bend.
They quickly retreated. When all three boated by half an hour
later, we knew we had pitched our tent on their sandbar.
âI just love to ďŹsh. I give enough away to sink a battleship.â
Bill Dennis talks about living at the Yellow Dog Campground. Dennis, from Laneville, was a
truck driver before he retired. Heâs lived at the campground for the past couple of months.
It was getting too dark to search for another campsite. Anyway, state law says people can camp along rivers, as long as they donât venture beyond the banks.
The series
âIf thereâs trees, youâre trespassing,â game warden Tom Gallenbach had said.
â Thursday: Getting started
â Friday: The ďŹrst test
â Saturday: Unwelcome
There were no trees on this sandbar. Photographer Jacob Croft Botter and I werenât budging.
After dark, two hoot owls called to each other, âWho cooks for you? Who cooks for you all?â The shadowy
guests
thicket surrounded our camp on three sides. Something rustled in the brush.
â Today: âRedneck heavenâ
âDid you hear that?â I asked.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 10A
THE MORNING RUSH
TODAYâS
WEATHER
HOVE, England â When Jeffrey
Marchant and his wife, Brenda,
power up their computer, turn on a
light or put the kettle on to boil, they
can just about watch their electric
bill rise.
A small box hanging on the wall
across from the vase of ďŹowers in
the front hall of their tidy Victorian
home displays a continuous digital
readout of their electricity use and
tells them immediately how much it
will cost, helping them save energy.
Turn on a computer, and the device â a type of so-called smart
meter â goes from 300 watts to 400
watts. Turn off a light, and it goes
from 299 to 215. At 500, the meter is
set to sound an alarm.
âIâve become like one of Pavlovâs
See METERS, Page 5A
INSIDE
Retired Brig. Gen.
Ezell Ware Jr.
told about 300
people Saturday
at the annual
NAACP Freedom Fund Banquet in Longview
that âeach of us must rise to the challenge
of our deďŹning moments.â Page 1B
Partly cloudy, hot. High of 97.
SEVEN-DAY FORECAST, PAGE 9A
Tell us what you think
LIFESTYLE
Index
The Longview News-Journal wants to
hear what you have to say. This summer,
we will be holding informal focus groups
to get your thoughts, opinions and suggestions for the paper. These sessions
will be held Aug. 5 and 6, will last about
1 1â2 hours and participants will receive
an incentive for participation. For more
information or to sign up for a session,
call Judy Stratton at (903) 237-7754.
What women want
Advice..................5C
Business ..............1E
East Texas ...........1B
Letters.................3B
Leisure ................7D
What are you seeking in a relationship? If youâre a woman having a
hard time ďŹguring that out, a new
book called âDate Decoderâ might
be the key. Page 1C
Saturdayâs lottery
BUSINESS
SPORTS
âEyeâ on Longview
Obama in Afghanistan
National honor
for Lady Lobo
Presidential candidate Barack Obama
meets with U.S. troops and Afghan leaders on a congressional delegation trip.
Page 3A
Senior Longview point guard
Brittany Turner has been chosen
to participate in the USA Junior
Nationals in Ohio. Page 1D
The Longview Economic Development Corp. premiered Thursday a
segment of the national TV series
âEye on Americaâ that focuses on
the city. Page 1E
AROUND THE WORLD
Lifestyle ..............1C
Movie times.........7D
Obituaries........ 8-9D
Opinion ................2B
Weddings .............3C
FIND IT ONLINE
Interstate 20 pileup
A chain-reaction wreck in the rain Friday on
Interstate 20 involving about 30 vehicles
sent at least 29 people to the hospital.
See a slide show from the pileup,
only at news-journal.com.
Pick Three A.M.
.....9-7-9
Pick Three P.M.
.....1-5-9
Lotto Texas
.....8-25-30-35-41-42
Cash Five
.....12-14-20-30-33
Powerball
.....6-28-46-53-55
PB: 2
8. 10A
Longview News-Journal, Sunday, July 20, 2008
LIFE ON THE SABINE
news-journal.com
Justin Alonzo takes a leap into the Sabine River at the Yellow Dog Campground in Panola County.
âRiver ratsâ find good times on water
From Page 1A
The noises seemed to be getting
louder.
âIt sounds like people talking in
the woods,â Jake said.
He fetched his shotgun from the
tent and laid it across his lap. We
sat in our chairs at the waterâs edge,
and waited. Twigs and branches
crackled in the forest. There was a
loud crash. Whatever it was, it was
nearby, and it was getting closer.
Then came the squeals and
grunts.
âOh, hogs,â Jake said.
They rooted around for a while
before returning to the forest.
We left early the next morning.
We didnât see the people again.
About our journey
â Day 1, June 24: The Old Sabine
â
â
â
â
Slippery otter slides
East Texans who have only seen
the Sabine from bridges around
Longview might be surprised by a
glimpse of the river as it winds toward the Louisiana border.
Above Longview, the Sabine is
muddy and narrow, with banks of
slick, red clay. Young oaks, elms and
other hardwoods crowd the water
below tall bluffs where skinny pine
trees stand.
As the river travels southeast,
the brown water takes on a greenish hue. Drooping willows line wide,
gentle banks and sandbars.
On a few of the steeper banks we
thought we saw âotter slides,â places
where playful river otters slip on
their bellies, face-ďŹrst, into the water. Once killed for being predators,
the sleek, web-footed mammals are
on the return, said state wildlife biologist Ricky Maxey.
âTheyâre very curious animals,â
he said. âOn my encounter with
them, I was deer hunting, leaning
against a tree being very quiet, when
one popped its head up and looked at
me. Then ďŹve more popped up their
heads, and they took off.â
Whatâs in the sausage?
â
Bill Dennis, left, and Jeffrey Anderson check Dennisâ trot line near the Yellow Dog. Dennis says he loves to ďŹsh, but gives away most
of what he catches to his fellow campers.
âWeâre gonna have a ďŹsh fry,â Dennis said. âYâall stick around; weâll
feed you.â
First wild hog sausage, and now
catďŹsh. Who could say no?
â
Living at Yellow Dog
This cross on the edge of the Sabine at the Yellow Dog is in honor of a man who was a
frequent visitor at the campground. His ashes were scattered in the river.
has gotten wider and shallower in
the years since then, after construction of Toledo Bend in the late 1960s.
âIt wasnât anything to just wade
across the river,â in the summertime
when she was a child, she said. Now
her section of the Sabine can stretch
a mile wide during the ďŹood season.
âThe riverâs getting wider, but itâs
getting shallower,â she said. âItâs
changing every time the river comes
up, and I think a lot of that has to
do with trees that are being cut up
closer to the banks. Itâs just washing
away.â
Gallenbach said logging companies own much of the land along
the Sabine River in her county, and
some of them clear-cut their timber
to the riverbank.
When those trees are gone, she
said, the force of the rising current
eats away the banks, and the sediment ďŹlls in the riverbed. When the
water drops after a big storm, sometimes sandbars have shifted from
one side of the river to the other.
Only a few miles downstream
from our campsite, a tall bluff of layered gray rock rose from the bank,
wrapping around a long river bend.
It stretched on for several minutes
before descending into the water.
Later, Slim Barber, an 81-year-old
man from De Berry, told us we had
seen a seam of lignite coal that is
famous among people who run the
river. Itâs the Pulaski bluff, he said,
the site of an old town that served as
the seat for Harrison County in 1841
and Panola County in 1846.
By midmorning, we were getting
hungry. We cruised under FM 2517,
the last highway crossing before Toledo Bend, where several men ďŹshed
from boats in spots along the banks.
We planned our next stop to coincide with lunch time, and it paid off:
river guide Jane Gallenbach greeted
us with slices of homemade pizza,
topped with spicy sausage ground
from wild hogs â hogs that had been
Too high, or too low?
shot on her property.
On the Sabine River, expect to get
âWe donât buy a lot of meat,â she
said. âEvery once in a while you muddy, and expect to get wet.
âThatâs just the way it is,â said
need real beef, but most of what we
Gallenbachâs husband, Tom. A game
eat is wild.â
warden who patrols the Sabine, he
A Sabine queen
said the river can rise or fall 6 feet in
Gallenbach, the âqueen of the Sa- a day.
âA lot of people say when itâs too
bine,â grew up hustling bait for her
ďŹsherman father. She said the river high, itâs too dangerous, when itâs
low itâs too dangerous,â he said. âItâs
never just right.â
The changing conditions keep the
river guide on her toes, especially
when sheâs leading people to prime
ďŹshing spots, she said. The Gallenbachs own the River Ridge campground and guide service south of
Carthage.
Every spring, thousands of people
from across the nation descend on
the spot upriver from Toledo Bend to
ďŹsh for white bass. The ďŹsh, which
were introduced to the reservoir a
few decades back, swim upstream to
spawn in river tributaries.
âI can remember in my late teens
my dad just having a ďŹt because the
white bass were getting on his trot
lines,â she said. âWe do much more
white bass than we do catďŹshing
now.â
CatďŹsh is still king
River rat Bill Dennis was running
his trot lines on a Friday afternoon
when we bumped into him down
river from the Gallenbachsâ place.
âIâm catching ďŹsh,â he said.
âThatâs why everybody keeps coming down here, because they want
some ďŹsh.â
Dennis steered the boat while Jeffrey Anderson ďŹshed the hooks from
the water. Anderson, of Carthage,
felt something tugging on the line,
and he pulled out a catďŹsh about as
long as his arm. Dinner.
We motored the 10 or 20 minutes
to Dennisâ home at the Yellow Dog
campground near Louisiana, and
we pulled our boat onto the bank.
Dennis had been living in a travel
trailer by the public boat ramp for
the past couple of months, and jugs
of water and camping and cooking
supplies were conveniently strewn
on and around the picnic table.
âItâs like a community down
here,â he said. âYouâve got a lot of
good people, and a few that are not
so good. Everybody keeps an eye on
each otherâs equipment. The majority of people respect my stuff.â
Dennis wore patched blue jeans
and a T-shirt that might have been
white at some earlier time. Heâs
from Laneville, and he used to drive
a truck for a living. Now that heâs
retired, he said, heâs a river rat.
âA river rat just sits here and enjoys the river, loves the river,â he
said. âYou hang out, and a bunch
of people inďŹltrate the place. They
love to be around people who live
down here.â
Anderson hung the catďŹsh from
a large hook and pulled away the
skin, and Dennis ďŹlleted the ďŹsh
and dropped the pieces into a bucket for later. He said he checks his
trot lines throughout the day, but
he rarely tastes what he catches.
âI eat ďŹsh maybe three or four
times a year. I just love to ďŹsh. I give
enough away to sink a battleship,â
he said.
It was a Friday. He ďŹgured heâd
be giving away plenty that night.
Some kind of heaven
As the lazy afternoon wore on,
more and more people showed up.
Children leaped from a tall bank into
a cove in the river, and the women
splashed mud on each other.
Anderson tended the ďŹsh fryer. His
girlfriend, Ginger Williams, went off
to ďŹnd an old car hood. She chained
it to the back of her four-wheeler and
â
â
â
â
Bottom Wildlife Management Area,
northeast of Lindale, to FM 14, south
of Hawkins.
Day 2, June 25: U.S. 271 in Gladewater to Texas 42, south of White Oak
(not a public boat ramp).
Day 3, June 26: Texas 149 in
Lakeport to U.S. 79, about 10 miles
northeast of Carthage.
Day 4, June 27: U.S. 79 to the Yellow
Dog campsite in southeastern Panola
County.
About our boat: Shippâs Marine
in Gladewater supplied a 16-foot
aluminum boat. The two-stroke, 25
hp Yamaha motor ran the river like a
champion. We used about ďŹve gallons
of fuel a day.
When to go: The river is higher and
faster in winter and spring, but the
water is murkier. In late summer and
early fall, the Sabine is much lower
and slower. The sediment settles and
the water is clearer. A greater variety
of topography is exposed, but it can
be much harder to navigate.
Camping on the river: The public
may legally camp on the banks of
navigable rivers in Texas, as long
as they stay below the permanent
vegetation line. That means you canât
venture from banks and sandbars
without a good reason.
What about mosquitoes?: We took
lots of bug spray, and they werenât
much of a nuisance.
Was it trashy?: Nope. Logjams
occasionally snagged plastic bottles
downstream from highway crossings,
but that was about it.
Why is the river brown?: When
acorns and leaves decompose, they
leach yellow-brown tannin into the
water. Biologists say tannin is healthy
for ďŹsh.
Who uses Sabine River water?:
Longview, Henderson and Kilgore
are among the cities that pipe water
from the river. Eastman Chemical
Co.-Texas Operations and Luminant
are two local operations that also use
river water.
offered sled rides through the mud
puddles.
âI grew up here,â Williams said. âI
was actually born on the Sabine River, because Mama and Daddy had a
ďŹat on the (FM) 2517 bridge.â
Texas country music blared from
Andersonâs pickup. By nightfall,
nearly 30 children were swimming
in the moonlight, as their parents relaxed around Dennisâ camp.
âRedneck heaven,â they called
this place.
Saying goodbye
From Yellow Dog, the Sabine ďŹows
into Toledo Bend. It ďŹlls the reservoir and heads south, marking the
boundary between Texas and Louisiana. It reaches the Gulf of Mexico
after a journey of 555 miles.
Some people, like the trapper Elton Woodall, have gone as far as a
person can get, from the headwaters south of Greenville to Sabine
Lake in Port Arthur.
But our journey was over. We said
goodbye to the people at Yellow Dog,
and we drove back to Longview.
We crossed the river at I-20. From
the bridge, we couldnât see a thing.