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libroEmbriologia.pdf
- 1. P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z
- 2. P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z
- 3. P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z
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- 5. 3UHIDFLR La Embriología ha experimentado un avance vertiginoso en relativamente muy poco tiempo. Las diferentes facetas que se le han ido añadiendo a tenor de las innovaciones técnicas y metodológicas, la han dotado de cierta complejidad. Así, la Embriología ha quedado relegada a la primera fase que considera la Biología del Desarrollo, ciencia que abarca los complejos cambios que ocurren desde la concepción a la muerte. Los estudios de los aspectos morfológicos han quedado completamente superados y asentados. Hoy día, la biología celular, la genética molecular o, simplemente, la bioquímica son los ámbitos científicos que aportan nuevos conocimientos sobre el fascinante desarrollo del ser vivo. La Embriología, por consiguiente, sigue siendo en este momento un campo de investigación de gran dinamismo: se desencadenan nuevos interrogantes y se confeccionan teorías que provocan replanteamientos y unas vivas discusiones. A pesar de todo esto, la primera aproximación al estudio de la Embriología debe ser básica y centrada en los aspectos morfológicos, esto es, en la sucesión de los cambios macroscópicos y microscópicos que tienen lugar en los tejidos y en el proceso de formación de los órganos. Este enfoque es el original, aunque hasta los años noventa del siglo pasado sus pormenores no quedaron completamente establecidos. De ahí que los estudiantes de veterinaria deban de adquirir previamente estos conceptos y la terminología asociada, a la vez que sean iniciados en los aspectos celulares o moleculares causantes o mediadores del desarrollo. Además, una perspectiva filogenética y funcional permite una comprensión del significado, importancia y relaciones de la sucesión de eventos que van aconteciendo. Un texto que se adecue a los objetivos curriculares de los estudios de Veterinaria íya de por sí muy extensosí debe de recopilar una información adecuada que posibilite la comprensión de otras disciplinas relacionadas ícon una finalidad profesional directaí y que, además, constituya por sí misma un pequeño compendio que dé información sobre las características biológicas de los animales domésticos en desarrollo. El estudio de Embriología ofrece a los estudiantes comprensión sobre el desarrollo, la estructura, la forma final y las relaciones entre los tejidos y órganos. Además de estos objetivos básicos, al considerar los factores que controlan los procesos de desarrollo y los efectos dañinos de los teratógenos ambientales en el desarrollo embrionario normal, también ofrece una primera aproximación al conocimiento completo de los defectos del desarrollo y de las condiciones clínicas que las originan. Existen amplios tratados sobre Embriología que versan sobre todas o algunas de sus vertientes. La complejidad y profundidad de estos textos los hacen frecuentemente incomprensibles o inabarcables para el neófito. Uno de los objetivos de un profesor es la de facilitar los medios a través de los cuales el alumno adquiera una información y una destreza mental suficiente que lo capacite para que, más adelante, pueda ser posible la exégesis propia y adentrarse, así, en conocimientos y textos más complejos. Dada la intensidad y diversidad de los aspectos que pueden ser considerados, esta Embriología mínima o fundamental puede ser concretada de forma dispar. Ésta es mi propuesta. ſƌĚŽďĂ͕ϮϬϮϬ P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z
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- 8. P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z P r o f . J o s é L u i s M o r a l e s L ó p e z
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