This document discusses the evolution of organizational forms and social innovations from the Industrial Era to the current Information Era. It describes how early social innovations like mutual societies, friendly societies, building societies, and co-operatives helped promote services like insurance, welfare, health, and home ownership. It also discusses more modern forms that have emerged like outsourcing, virtual organizations, and cloud computing, as well as the role of information technologies in transforming organizations. Finally, it proposes new models of "community sourcing" where public, private and voluntary organizations collaborate online to help communities address local needs.

1. Networked Governance and Social Innovation Dr Chris Yapp Chris_yapp@hotmail.co.uk The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

2. Toffler’s Third Wave July 10 Size of Economy Information KNOWLEDGE Industry Agriculture CAPITAL LAND Time 2 1970 The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

3. The Big Society Community Private Public Business Voluntary Citizen The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

4. 13/07/2010 4 Social Innovations of the Industrial Society Limited Liability Company Co-op, Mutuals, Friendly societies, Building societies Trade Unions Schools, Libraries, Museums, Modern University Police, Fire Services NHS Local Authorities …. The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

5. Friendly Societies Mutual, Fraternal, Benevolent Societies 1793, Friendly Societies Act Provided finance,insurance, welfare, health services to members Some organised on religious lines Affiliations between bodies Credit Unions The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

6. Building Societies 1774, Birmingham Building Society Terminating Building Societies Permanent Building Societies 1874, Building Societies Act ‘000s of Local Societies at peak BSA Mergers 1980s, Demutualisation Home Ownership promoted by Private not-for-profit sector with Tax incentives The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

7. Co-operative Movement 1498, Aberdeen “Shore Porter’s Society” 1761, Fenwick Weavers : first consumer co-operative Robert Owen William King 1844, Rochdale Pioneers CRS/CWS/Co-op The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

8. 13/07/2010 8 Social Innovations of the Information Society Post Office BBC BT OU …. The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

9. Some Important Learning 1850, Public Library Act 1870, Forster Education Act 1840s, Railway Mania Canals, Telegraph... LSE was a mutual till 2001 BPSL(ex-BACS) still is New Organisational forms with new funding mechanisms Markets better at exploiting infrastructure than building it Need for “Patient Capital”: Bonds The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

10. The Vertically-integrated Organisation The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

11. Beyond the “vertically-integrated organisation” Supply-chain integration, JIT, Re-engineering Outsourcing Property Catering HR and Finance Security IT Shared Services Partnerships Joined-up Government The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

12. Outsourcing Problems Contractual inflexibility Hollowed-out communities Benefits Specialist Providers Economies of Scale The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

13. MIT90s paradigm July 10 External environment People and Roles The Organisation Strategy Management Processes IT Organisation Design 13 The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

14. MIT90s paradigm July 10 Organisational Culture External environment People and Roles The Organisation Management Processes Strategy IT Organisation Design 14 The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

15. 5 Levels of Transformation July 10 Degree of Transformation Scope Redefinition Network Redesign External Internal Process Redesign Revolutionary Evolutionary Internal Integration Source: MIT Local exploitation Extent of benefits 15 The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

16. ICT and Organisational Design Divide Organisation into operational units Build in co-ordinating mechanisms Automate Processes Provide information to management The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

17. Shamrock Organisation Core Organisation Contracted Fringe Part-time Help Customer Source: Charles Handy The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

18. Shamrock Organisation Integrator/Prime Contractor Economies of Scale Core Organisation Contracted Fringe Part-time Help Customer Peaks and Troughs Self-Service Source: Charles Handy The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

19. Organisational Ethos Early 20th Century Organisations charge for doing something for a citizen, community or customer Early 21st Century Organisations charge for helping a citizen, community or customer to do something for themselves The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

20. New Wave Amazon eBay Skype Facebook Google … Social Enterprise Community Interest companies 13/07/2010 20 The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

21. Cloud Computing The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones July 10 21

22. Web 2.0 and Broadband A New Utility Open standards, technology and data “Mash-ups” Inter-organisational systems Anytime, anywhere on any device Location-based Crowd-sourcing/Social Networking Economies of Scope and Reach The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

23. Community Sourcing Legal Legal Council Services Recruitment Recruitment Recruitment Accounting Accounting Accounting Property Property LEP Local Employer Business Start-up Social Enterprise The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

24. Minority Languages Council Services FE College Private Services EFL/ESOL Voluntary Services Community Site Somali Community The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

25. Diabetes-Public Health Council Services NHS Voluntary Services Community Site Pakistani Community Community Site Blackbird Leys The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

26. Alzheimer's Support Adult Social Care NHS Voluntary Services Community Site Community Site Carers Patient The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

27. Housing Association Council Services Electrician Legal Recruitment Recruitment Plumber Accounting Accounting Decorator Property Housing Association Tenants The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones

28. In Conclusion Economies of scale and scope From bureaucracy to ad-hocracy Self-service society What Powers do Local authorities have now? What Powers do they need? Community sourcing Localism The ContinuousImprovement Practice™ Many small advantages make many large ones