lesson in Practical Research

1. Qualitative Data Analysis

2. 2

3. TERMS TO REMEMBER
⮚T_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _T- written
record of your interview/answers
of respondents
R A N S C R I P

4. TERMS TO REMEMBER
⮚_ _ D _ N _ - data analysis strategy
in which some aspect of the data is
assigned a descriptive label that allows the
researcher to identify related content
across the data.
C O I G

5. 5
. Qualitative data analysis
is an ongoing and cyclical process which
includes identification, examination, and
interpretation of certain patterns and themes
in the data. It determines how these patterns
and themes help answer the research
questions.

6. PROCESSES OF QUALITATIVE DATA
ANALYSIS
⮚1. Know your data
Reread your written observations, relisten the
audio recorded interviews, or rewatch the
movie or clip. After doing either those things
to a number of times, write down peculiar
things you have noticed. (So, it’s better to
have your handy dandy notebook at hand for
this eureka moment.)

7. PROCESSES OF QUALITATIVE DATA
ANALYSIS
2. Focus your analysis.
Focus yourself to consistent and or varied responses.
For example: your research question is,
“Why are some high school students
sometimes late for school?” Common
responses would be school’s distance, woke
up late, tons of chores prior going to school,
slept late, etcetera.

8. PROCESSES OF QUALITATIVE DATA
ANALYSIS
3. Do coding
Assigning numbers/letters/colors to specific
answers of respondents
Always consult your research questions
or you might end up coding
unnecessary information. Coding is
simply categorizing the data and
reducing them thereby making them
more manageable

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10. 10

11. Types of COdes

12. TYPES OF CODES
a. Predefined codes- codes
formulated by the researcher

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1. Enter and organize data
Underline and annotate which responses
typically answer to a specific code. You can
also assign colors to specific codes

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AC
PV
AI
D
C

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BLUE
RED
YELLOW
GREEN
PINK
ORANGE

18. 18
AC
PV
AI
D
C

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2. Tally them
After underlining and marking up
significant responses with their
respective codes, we are now ready to
tally them

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AFFORDABILITY
OF ITEMS
AI 1
PERSONALITY
OF VENDORS
PV 1
CANTEEN
CLEANLINESS
C 1
AVAILABILITY
OF COMMON
SCHOOL
MATERIAL
AV 0
ACCESSIBILITY
OF CANTEENS
AC 1
DISCIPLINE C 1

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3. Identifying patterns and
recurring themes
Identifying meaningful patterns and theme is the heart and soul of
the entire qualitative data analysis. To do this, the codes and
themes are checked and from there, you will interpret the
meaning of the data in relation to the research questions.

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AFFORDABILITY OF ITEMS AI 3
PERSONALITY OF VENDORS PV 3
CANTEEN CLEANLINESS C 1
AVAILABILITY OF COMMON
SCHOOL MATERIAL
AV 0
ACCESSIBILITY OF
CANTEENS
AC 3
DISCIPLINE F 2

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24. 24
Sample Recurring Themes from Perceptions of Balulang National High
School Students on the School Canteens
“What can you suggest about
our school canteens?”
Affordability of items (AI), Personality of
Vendors (PV), Accessibility of Canteens
(AC), Discipline (D)
Themes

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4. Interpret your data
After analyzing, coding, and organizing the
data, identifying the patterns and themes, you
are now ready to interpret your data

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27. TYPES OF CODES
b. Emergent codes- codes that
becomes apparent as one reviews
the data.

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AC
PV
AI
D
C

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2. Tally them
After underlining and marking up
significant responses with their
respective codes, we are now ready to
tally them

30. 30
AFFORDABILITY
OF ITEMS
AI 1
PERSONALITY
OF VENDORS
PV 1
CANTEEN
CLEANLINESS
C 1
AVAILABILITY
OF COMMON
SCHOOL
MATERIAL
AV 0
ACCESSIBILITY
OF CANTEENS
AC 1
DISCIPLINE C 1

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3. Identifying patterns and
recurring themes
Identifying meaningful patterns and theme is the heart and soul of
the entire qualitative data analysis. To do this, the codes and
themes are checked and from there, you will interpret the
meaning of the data in relation to the research questions.

32. 32
AFFORDABILITY OF ITEMS AI 3
PERSONALITY OF VENDORS PV 3
CANTEEN CLEANLINESS C 1
AVAILABILITY OF COMMON
SCHOOL MATERIAL
AV 0
ACCESSIBILITY OF
CANTEENS
AC 3
DISCIPLINE F 2

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34. 34
Sample Recurring Themes from Perceptions of Balulang National High
School Students on the School Canteens
“What can you suggest about
our school canteens?”
Affordability of items (AI), Personality of
Vendors (PV), Accessibility of Canteens
(AC), Discipline (D)
Themes

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4. Interpret your data
After analyzing, coding, and organizing the
data, identifying the patterns and themes, you
are now ready to interpret your data

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37. RECURRING THEMES TABLE
Research question
Open-ended questions
Open-ended questions

38. Contents of RESULTS AND METHODOLOGY
(QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS)
1. Recurring themes table
2. Interpretation of data

39. RECURRING THEMES TABLE
Research question
Open-ended questions
Open-ended questions

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42. CREATE CODES FOR THE FOLLOWING:
Question: Why are you addicted to social media?
Respondent 1 answer: It is where I can become myself.
Respondent 2 answer: It is because I am bored.
Respondent 3 answer: I love to share posts and pictures.
Respondent 4 answer: To take my mind off things
Respondent 5 answer: I have nothing to do.
Respondent 6 answer: I want to distract myself from my problems and to
watch videos.
Respondent 7 answer: It is a good entertainment platform.
Respondent 8 answer: To talk with new people.
Respondent 9 answer: To connect with people I can’t connect with in
real life
MYSELF (M)
BOREDOM (B)
DISTRACTION (D)
BOREDOM (B)
DISTRACTION (D)
TALK WITH PEOPLE (TP)
TALK WITH PEOPLE (TP)
ENTERTAINMENT (E)
ENTERTAINMENT (E)
ENTERTAINMENT (E)

43. OUTPUTS
▧ Recurring themes table
▧ Interpretation of data
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