3. Architecture
is considered to be one of the most functional
branches of the visual arts. We can freely see
architecture in our surroundings because
architecture involves designing the form of a
building while allowing the building to serve
its function. It is considered to be the “art to
inhabit.”
4. Francisco Mañosa
a Filipino architect considered as one of
the most influential Filipino architects of the
20th century, in designing homes and
buildings. In addition to that, they sought
ways to express these traditions and values
in architecture.
6. FORMS OF CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE
1. Domestic Buildings and Houses
2. Ethnic Houses
3. Commercial buildings
4. Government buildings
5. Public Buildings and Structures
6. Other Forms and structures
8. Domestic Buildings and Houses
1. Apartment
- This refers to a building
composed of many residences
called units. This is usually
built in populated urban areas.
Condominiums are larger
offshoots of apartments.
10. Domestic Buildings and Houses
2. Bahay na Bato
- The bahay na bato is
considered to be a residence
of the wealthy. A typical two-
storey bahay na bato
generally has a ground floor
that is made of brick or stone,
and has a wooden upper
level.
12. Domestic Buildings and Houses
3. Barong-barong
- are houses of the landless poor
that are built on any land or area.
These are usually found near the
esteros, riverbanks, and bayshores;
spaces along high walls, railroad
tracks; spaces near abandoned
buildings, and garbage dumps; or
any vacant lot.
14. Domestic Buildings and Houses
4. Bungalow
This refers to one-story
house with a wide front
porch and large windows. It
may also have a terrace,
which may be roofed or not.
15. Ethnic Houses
1. Bahay Kubo
- The bahay kubo is
considered as an ethnic
house of Christian peasant
families living in the lowland
areas. This is typically
owned by families belonging
in low income groups.
16. Ethnic Houses
2. Houseboat
- The houseboat is
basically a boat that also
serves as dwelling. The
Badjaos or Sama Laut
typically reside in
houseboats.
17. Ethnic Houses
3. One-and-a-Half Story
House
- The one-and-a-half
story is characterized by
an upper level or story
covering just a half of
the lower level.
18. Ethnic Houses
4. Split-level House
- The split-level house in the
Philippines has two main levels.
The lower level houses has the
kitchen, living and dining areas,
while the upper level has the
bedrooms. These levels are
separated by about half or less-
than-half a story.
19. Ethnic Houses
5. Tsalet
- The term tsalet came from
the term “chalet” which
refers to a peasant house in
Switzerland that has upper
levels jutting over the lower
levels, a steep roof and a
decorated gable.
20. Commercial Buildings
1. Market (Palengke)
This refers to a place or building
for buying and selling goods. This
is also referred to as tindahan, and
tiyangge. Nowadays, the
palengke has evolved into the
supermarket, which puts the wet
market and the grocery together in
the same complex.
21. Commercial Buildings
2. Buildings that house
banks, business offices,
and factories
These buildings have plain
wall surfaces and large
windows. These also have
bold rectangular forms and
clean lines.
22. Government Buildings
1. Capitol (Kapitolyo)
This refers to the building of
the provincial government.
Most of the kapitolyo in the
country use columns and
pediments in the exterior of
the buildings.
23. Government Buildings
2. Town Hall (Munisipyo)
This refers to the building of the
municipal government. The offices
of the mayor, the municipal council,
the municipal court and jail, and
other important offices such as the
municipal registrar’s office are
located here.
24. Public Buildings and Structures
1. School (Eskwelahan)
This refers to a place where young
people are educated to become
productive members of the community.
The most common style of the
eskwelahan is American-influenced,
which featured a concrete structure
elevated on stilts.
25. Public Buildings and Structures
2. Kamalig
The Kamalig is the Tagalog term for a
building used for storing grain. This is
considered to be the most economically
significant structure among the tribes in
Northern Philippines. In some provinces,
especially those in the lowland areas,
the bahay kubo or nipa hut can be used
as a form of kamalig.
26. Public Buildings and Structures
3. Masjid
The masjid or mosque refers to a place
of worship of the Muslims. A typical
Philippine mosque has the following
features: a tower called minaret, a
prayer niche called mihrab , the dome,
arches that are reinforced with pillars,
and a pulpit called mimbar.
27. Public Buildings and Structures
4. Cemetery (Sementeryo)
The cemetery is a place where
people bury the dead. It has other
names, such as kampo santo,
pantyon, and libingan. A cemetery
had a small chapel and vaults or
nichos surrounding the chapel.
Nowadays, memorial parks are
developed.
28. Public Buildings and Structures
5. Church (Simbahan)
The simbahan is a place of
worship for a Christian
congregation. How a church
was designed usually
depends on the religious
denomination it belongs.
29. Public Buildings and Structures
6. Movie House (Sinehan)
The sinehan is a place
where people watch film or
motion pictures.
30. Public Buildings and Structures
7. Theatre (Teatro)
The teatro is a building for
dance, musical, and theatrical
presentations. This is different
from an auditorium because
the teatro is essentially a
separate building compared
to the former.
31. Other Forms and Structures
1. Fort (Kuta)
These are structures that are
built to defend a community
against enemies. These are
usually found in areas with
natural barriers, such as cliffs,
hills, narrow passes,
mountains, and waters.
32. Other Forms and Structures
2. Lighthouse (Parola)
The lighthouse is a
structure built on an island,
peninsula, or rock to
ensure that ships will be
able to pass through a
narrow area safely.
33. Other Forms and Structures
3. Bridge (Tulay)
The tulay is a horizontal
structure that serves as a
passageway between two
areas separated by a body
of water, a hollow area, or
a road.
35. Public Buildings and Structures
1. School (Eskwelahan)
2. Kamalig
3. Masjid
4. Cemetery (Sementeryo)
5. Church (Simbahan)
6. Movie House (Sinehan)
7. Theatre (Teatro)
36. Other Forms and Structures
1. Fort (Kuta)
2. Lighthouse (Parola)
3. Bridge (Tulay)
39. Activity : ½ CROSSWISE
1. What is Architecture?
2. What is the importance of
Architecture in our everyday living ?
3. Can you describe the arrangement
and construction of your own house.
Editor's Notes
- the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction.
Throughout Philippines history, both foreign and Filipino architects introduce innovations when it comes to creating buildings and large structures
Nowadays, in order to maximize the use of space and because of the increased buying power of the population, condominiums were developed. These condominiums are larger offshoots of apartments.
The Bahay Kubo is a house built using local materials such as wood, bamboo and nipa grass.
DWELLING -A dwelling is a home — where someone lives.
This may also become a split-level house if half of the ground level is higher in such a way that it is halfway between the ground level and the upper level.
- is a detached home that has a second floor that is about half the size of the main floor, but is off to one side.
split-level homes have three or more levels or floors while bi-level homes only have two.
The Philippine tsalet refers to a suburban house that has one story, a two-story house with living quarters on the upper level, or an elevated one-story house.
a type of house or cottage made of wood with a heavy, gentle sloping roof and wide edges set at right angles in the front.
European-inspired home,
