Netherlands Players expected to miss UEFA Euro 2024 due to injury.docx
Lesson 2 PPT Leadership.pptx mngement...
1. Lesson 2
Concept of management
The term ‘management’ has been used in various senses:
- known as the body of knowledge, practice, and discipline.
- There are some people who describe the concept of management as a
leadership and decision-making technique, while others have analyzed
the management as a process of economic resources, production factors
or authority.
2. There are some important words in the definition
of management which need to describe:
Process
Effectiveness
Efficient
3. The following are a few of the important definitions of the term
‘management’:
4. Functions of Management
Different experts have classified functions of management. According
to George & Jerry, “There are four fundamental functions of management
i.e. planning, organizing, actuating and controlling”.
According to Henry Fayol, “To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize,
to command, & to control”. Whereas Luther Gullick has given a keyword
’POSDCORB’
But the most widely accepted are functions of management given by
KOONTZ and O’DONNEL
i.e. Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling.
6. Planning
- is deciding in advance
- what to do, when to do & how to do..
Organizing
- It is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources
and developing productive relationship amongst them for achievement of
organizational goals.
7. Organizing as a process involves:
Identification of activities.
Classification of grouping of activities.
Assignment of duties.
Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility.
Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.
8. Staffing
- It is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it
manned. Staffing has assumed greater importance in the recent years due
to advancement of technology, increase in size of business, complexity of
human behavior etc.
Directing
- It is that part of managerial function which actuates the organizational
methods to work efficiently for achievement of organizational purposes.
Direction has following elements:
Supervision
Motivation
Leadership
Communication
9. Controlling
- It implies measurement of accomplishment against the standards and
correction of deviation if any to ensure achievement of organizational
goals. The purpose of controlling is to ensure that everything occurs in
conformities with the standards.
21. Conclusion
As you can tell, it is impossible to overlook the importance of
management in an organization. The direct opposite of sound
management is mismanagement. With it comes confusion, lack of
direction and ultimately, failure. Even if you are your own boss, do
what it takes to plan, organize, direct, and control what you do.
That’s what a good manager does.
In every organization, management plays an important role for
achieving the goals and objectives of the organization. That’s why
we say importance of management is necessary for every
organization.
Process: Process means primary work or activities that do the management work. These are action plans, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Effectiveness: Effectiveness is related to the end result. Basically, it means fulfilling the given work. Thus effectiveness in management is related to doing the right thing, fulfilling activities and achieving goals.
Efficient: Efficiency means to do the job correctly and with minimal cost. Management is related to efficient utilization of input resources which ultimately reduces costs and gives rise to high profits. It is important for management to achieve goals (effectiveness) with minimal resources, that is, efficiently while maintaining a balance between effectiveness and efficiency.
Planning
it bridges the gap from where we are & where we want to be”. A plan is a future course of actions. It is an exercise in problem solving & decision making. Planning is determination of courses of action to achieve desired goals
Organizing
- To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel’s”. To organize a business involves determining & providing human and non-human resources to the organizational structure
Supervision- implies overseeing the work of subordinates by their superiors. It is the act of watching & directing work & workers.
Motivation- means inspiring, stimulating or encouraging the sub-ordinates with zeal to work. Positive, negative, monetary, non-monetary incentives may be used for this purpose.
Leadership- may be defined as a process by which manager guides and influences the work of subordinates in desired direction.
Communications- is the process of passing information, experience, opinion etc from one person to another. It is a bridge of understanding.
Controlling is the measurement & correction of performance activities of subordinates in order to make sure that the enterprise objectives and plans desired to obtain them as being accomplished”
1) Helps to achieve goals and objectives
First of all, organizations set their goals. These goals must be planned beforehand, and it is up to a good management structure to come up with proposals and plans for how to achieve them.
Proper planning ensures that the organization follows a mapped course towards its vision and mission.
2) Provides a sense of focus and direction
When an organization plans its activities, it is able to have a singular focus. Failure to plan can throw an entire business into disarray because no one will understand where they are headed.
A management structure that plans finds it even easier to anticipate problems and cope with them. Once an organization has planned its activities well, all other functions of management fall into place.
3) For optimum utilization of resources
These resources include both human resources and technology. By assigning individuals roles that best suit them, the organization can reap the maximum from each employee. Organizing paves the way for specialization and the best use of talents. It helps the management to save money and other resources while minimizing losses.
4) To maintain responsibility and order
An organized workforce is always effective. They work as a team towards one common goal. When everyone knows what they ought to do, they will be more responsible because they are doing what they know best. It is also easy to hold people accountable when you know what each one of them does.
5) To get the most qualified personnel for the job
Staffing as a function of management helps to discover skilled people to fill various positions in the organization. This results in high performance and maximum productivity. It also helps to remunerate employees fairly which in turn translates to increased job satisfaction. This is the reason why many workplaces have thorough vetting procedures before employing people.
6) To reduce workload and get things done
Efficient staffing ensures that work is divided among employees according to the roles they have been assigned. The fact that each one of them is good at what he or she is doing means that work will be completed faster and better. Employees stay happy and motivate as there is no pressure in the workplace.
7) Helps facilitate good communication
Good directing helps to build a two-way channel of communication between the leadership and subordinates. Employees can express themselves, and as a result, matters arising are address appropriately. Communication is a crucial contributor to the performance of an organization so it can never be ignore.
8) Helps to initiate action and keep the organization moving
Through supervision and motivation, projects are initiated and sustained. Imagine for a moment, an organization without leaders. There would be no sense of direction, and the whole establishment would just collapse. Directing establishes authority to which employees are answerable.
9. To hold individuals accountable
Controlling helps to identify who is doing what in an organization. It helps you decide who to keep in your team and who is not worth it. It is this function of management that helps organization conduct performance appraisal, which is a very crucial element in business.
