Laws establish rules and standards for education in the Philippines. Some key laws include: - Act 74 of 1901 which established English as the language of instruction in public schools. - Commonwealth Act 589 of 1940 which required singing the national anthem and patriotic pledges in schools. - RA 139 of 1947 which required all public schools to use textbooks approved by the Board of Textbooks. - RA 6655 of 1998 which mandated free public secondary education. - RA 9155 of 2001 which redefined the roles of the Department of Education in culture and sports.

2. What is a Law?

3. LAW refers to a rule of conduct or action prescribed
or formally recognized as binding or enforced by a
controlling authority and the obligation of obedience
on the part of all subject to that authority.

4. Legal Concerns on Supervision
of Instruction
Reporter
RIOLYN S. TABANGAY

5. CONTENT/CONCEPTS
• Act No. 74
• Foundation of the Philippine Public school
System and made English the language of
instruction.
• Enacted on January 21, 1901 by the Philippine
Commission.
•Department Order No. 25 s. 1974 (Bilingual
Education Program)
• Use of English and Filipino as medium of
instruction

6. • English, Math, and Science are to be taught in
English ad the rest of the subjects are to be taught
in Filipino.
Commonwealth Act No. 589
 It was approved on August 19, 1940.
 Established a school ritual (singing of the
Philippine National Anthem , patriotic pledge) in
all public and private elementary and secondary
schools in the Philippines

7. Republic Act No. 139(Board of Textbooks)
 Enacted on June 14, 1947
 All public schools should use only those books
approved by the board for the period of six years
from the date of their adoption.
 Private schools may use books of their choice
provided that the Board of Textboos has no
objection to these books.

8. If identified as a defendant in a lawsuit,
during a testimony or deposition related
to the lawsuit, trainers must be able to
document their qualifications and
competencies as well as the guidelines,
standards, and procedures that they
were following

9. Recognition of Academic Programs (Education Act
of 1982/ MECS Order No.84)
 Recognition of academic programs of each private
school in order to entitle it to give the students
who have completed the course, a certificate,
title, and a diploma.
Republic Act No.1124
 Created the Board of National Education
 Formulated the general educational policies and
directing the educational interest of the nation.

10. Fixed Calendar for Philippine Education (1992 Manual of
Regulations for Private Schools, Sec. 48-49
• 40 weeks of five days a week (academic year for
elementary and secondary courses)
• 1 hour,3 times/week or 52 hrs/semester (period of each
subject)
• 6 weeks of nine hours/week (summer classes)
R.A. 7791
• Stretched the school year from 185 to 200 school days

11. R.A. 6655 (Free Public Secondary Education Act
of 1998)
• Approved on May 26, 1998
• Provides for a free secondary course offering
national, general, comprehensive, state colleges
and universities high school.
• It specified the following:
1. It should be made available to all qualified
citizens in order to promote quality education
at all levels.

12. • No tuition fees shall be collected from students except for
those related to membership in the school community
such as identification, student organization, and
publication fees.
• Nonpayment of authorized fees shall not hinder a student
from enrolling in a school or graduating from his/her
class.
• All public secondary schools shall be nationalized.

13. NATIONAL ENTRANCE EXAMINATION
 Pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 6-A
 Declared as policy of the State, the maintenance of the
highest quality of education for purposes of national
development
 P.D. 146 (All high school graduates seeking admission to
college should pass a National Entrance Examination)
R.A. 7772
• Created the Commission on Higher Education which
envisioned Philippine education as internationally
competitive and giving the Filipino people
empowerment.

14. Presidential Decree No. 6-A (National Entrance
Examination)
• Policy of the State, the maintenance of the highest quality
education for purposes of national development P.D. 146
• All high school graduates seeking admission to college
should pass a National Entrance Examination.
R.A. 7784 (Centers for Excellence in Teaching
Education)
• One or more centers of excellence for teacher education
shall be identified, designated, established, and developed
in strategic places in each of the regions of the country.

15. R.A. 7796 (Technical Education Skills and
Development Authority/TESDA)
• Approved on August 25, 1994
• Upgrading vocational-teaching training
Act No. 2706 (Private School Law)
• Enacted on March 10, 1917 by the Philippine
Legislature
• All private schools were under the regulation and
supervision of the DECS now DepED

16. • Made obligatory and inspection so as to maintain
the standard of efficiency in all private schools
and colleges in the country.
• It was amended by Commonwealth Act No. 180
on November 13, 1936.
Executive Order No. 27
• Issued on July 4, 1986
• Seeks to include courses or subject on human
rights in school curricula, in textbooks and other
reading materials, and in qualifying examinations
in government service.

17. R.A. No. 9155 (Basic Education Act of 2001)
• Tasks of culture and sports were no longer that of
the Department of Education
Laws Related to Teaching Personnel
Commonwealth Act 578
• Confers the status of persons in authority upon
supervisors, principals , teachers, and professors
of public and recognized private schools.

18. • Any person guilty of assault upon these teaching
personnel shall be recognized with imprisonment ranging
from six months and one day to six years and a fine of
from Php 500 to 1, 000.
Commonwealth Act No. 117 ( Teacher under Civil Service)
• Placed all public school teachers under the Civil Service
Rules and Regulations with reference to their
examination, appointment, transfer, separation, leave, and
reinforcement, thus protecting the teacher’s tenure office.
Republic Act No. 1079
• Approved on June 15, 1954
• Stipulates the civil service eligibility shall be permanent
and shall have no limit.

19. Professionalization of Teachers and Teaching. Presedential
Decree No. 1006
• Promulgated September 22,1976 made effective on
January 1, 1977
• Considered as professionals and teaching as a profession
R.A. 7836
• Mandated the periodic licensure test for teachers to be
under the supervision of the Professional Regulation
Commission.
Republic Act No. 660
• Provides automatic retirement at the age of 65 years, it
the teacher has completed 15 years of service,

20. and if he is not, he shall be allowed to continue to
service until he has completed 15 years unless he is
otherwise eligible for disability retirement.
• Approved June 16, 1951
Republic Act No.842 (Amended Republic Act No.
312)
• Provides for revised salary scale and automatic
salary increase for public school officials, teachers,
and other school personnel of the government.

21. Republic Act No. 1880
• It was amended Sections 562 and 654 of the Revised
Administrative Code.
• Prescribed the legal hours of labor to 8 hours a day,
5 days a week or 40 hours a week.
Republic Act No. 4968
• Increase the retirement benefits of teachers
Executive Order No. 189
• Issued by the former President Corazon C. Aquino
on June 10, 1987

22. • Placed all secondary school teachers under the
administrative supervision and control of the DECS
• The cost-of-living allowance of said teachers shall
be paid for by the national government.
MEC Order No.34, s. 1980
• Prescribed that any student, teacher, professor,
officer, or employee of a university college, or
school who prevents the right of a teacher or a
professor to teach his/her subject or the right of the
student to attend his/her classes shall be subject to
the disciplinary action w/o prejudice to criminal
liability of the offender.

23. • However, the teacher has the power to refuse to
admit a student into his/her class for any reasonable
reason cause such as misbehavior, absences without
justification and like.
Republic Act No. 5168
• Known as the Public School Teachers Salary
Standardization Act
• Provided upgrading of WAPCO salary ranges and
fixed progressive rates from existing salary rates to
the maximum under the adjusted range.

24. Republic Act No. 6040
• Amended section 24 of Civil Service Act 0f 1959
• States that no person shall be appointed to nor to
hold two or more full-time positions in the
government including the government owned or
controlled corporations or offices whether in
temporary capacity or without salary or allowances
• Provided, that this prohibition shall not apply to a
person who holds a position or position in annex-
officio capacity or in consequence of an express
provision of the law.