The document contains frequently asked questions (FAQs) about opening an Ocean Shelling franchise store. It outlines the process, responsibilities, costs, and terms. Key details include:
- Ocean Shelling will evaluate proposed store locations and sign off on any openings.
- Franchisees are responsible for all store setup costs including furniture, fixtures, and materials.
- An initial deposit of $5,000 is required to sign the franchise agreement and reserve a store location.
- Franchisees pay monthly for initial stock which costs between $6,000-$8,000 and are responsible for ongoing costs like rent, staffing, and $5,000 minimum in annual local advertising.
-
Mantenha a mente ativa, rodeie-se de amigos alegres e aproveite as pequenas alegrias da vida como risos, família e hobbies. Não se preocupe com números como idade ou peso e siga em frente apesar das dificuldades, pois a vida é medida pelos momentos que nos tiram o fôlego.
musiconn.scoresearch - A Content-based Search Application for Digitized Music...Jürgen Diet
This document discusses a project at the Bavarian State Library to develop a content-based search application for digitized sheet music using optical music recognition. The project tested various OMR software programs and generated OMR data from around 70,000 pages of digitized sheet music from complete editions of composers like Beethoven, Handel, and Schubert. This data can then be searched through a prototype application available at a provided URL, which is demonstrated in the presentation.
Archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music CenterNick Patterson
An overview of materials in the archives of the former Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (now the Computer Music Center at Columbia).
Sorry, audio examples not included in this version. Please feel free to contact me with any questions or comments. /Nick Patterson
The document contains frequently asked questions (FAQs) about opening an Ocean Shelling franchise store. It outlines the process, responsibilities, costs, and terms. Key details include:
- Ocean Shelling will evaluate proposed store locations and sign off on any openings.
- Franchisees are responsible for all store setup costs including furniture, fixtures, and materials.
- An initial deposit of $5,000 is required to sign the franchise agreement and reserve a store location.
- Franchisees pay monthly for initial stock which costs between $6,000-$8,000 and are responsible for ongoing costs like rent, staffing, and $5,000 minimum in annual local advertising.
-
Mantenha a mente ativa, rodeie-se de amigos alegres e aproveite as pequenas alegrias da vida como risos, família e hobbies. Não se preocupe com números como idade ou peso e siga em frente apesar das dificuldades, pois a vida é medida pelos momentos que nos tiram o fôlego.
musiconn.scoresearch - A Content-based Search Application for Digitized Music...Jürgen Diet
This document discusses a project at the Bavarian State Library to develop a content-based search application for digitized sheet music using optical music recognition. The project tested various OMR software programs and generated OMR data from around 70,000 pages of digitized sheet music from complete editions of composers like Beethoven, Handel, and Schubert. This data can then be searched through a prototype application available at a provided URL, which is demonstrated in the presentation.
Archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music CenterNick Patterson
An overview of materials in the archives of the former Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (now the Computer Music Center at Columbia).
Sorry, audio examples not included in this version. Please feel free to contact me with any questions or comments. /Nick Patterson
This document discusses using big data techniques to analyze bibliographical music datasets in order to uncover new narratives in music history. It outlines several large datasets that will be cleaned and analyzed, including catalogs of printed music and manuscripts. The goals are to pilot big data research methods on these datasets, make some datasets publicly available, and potentially challenge traditional music history narratives. Specific examples analyze printing trends over time and locations, and publications related to the composer Palestrina.
IASA 2014 Conference - Cape Town, South Africa #iasa2014Karen Du Toit
This document provides a summary of the International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) 2014 conference held in Cape Town, South Africa from October 5-9, 2014. It discusses several presentations and events that took place each day of the conference, including talks on effective broadcast archives, the challenges facing South African national archives, creative reuse of archival materials, and celebrations of archival work in South Africa. The conference focused on connecting cultures, context, collaboration and highlighted the importance of preserving cultural heritage through sound and audiovisual archives.
McNair Powerpoint for Shakespeare's use of sexual imagerymhall1745
This document is a study of Shakespeare's use of sexual imagery and bawdy language in his plays. It examines puns and double entendres related to sex, marriage, cuckoldry, and gender roles. Specific examples are given from plays like Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, and The Taming of the Shrew. The document also discusses theories about humor, superiority, masculinity and femininity as portrayed in Shakespeare's works. A bibliography lists numerous scholarly sources analyzing sexuality in the Bard's writings.
The Europeana Music Collections presented at EVA/MINERVA 2015 http://www.digital-heritage.org.il/program2015.html on 2015-11-09
These slides supported a presentation of the Europeana Music Collections, built on the Europeana platform, as part of a session on making audio-visual collections from libraries, archives and museums more available online.
The document introduces the Europeana Music Collections, which is a thematic collection within Europeana Collections focused on music-related content. It will include music recordings, sheet music, images of musical instruments and performers, and other texts about music history. The presentation provides an overview of Europeana Collections and thematic collections, previews the music collection content and demo site, and outlines the launch timeline and opportunities to get involved by sharing or curating music-related data and collections.
The document discusses the launch of the Europeana Music Collections, which will showcase music-related collections from across Europe. It provides an overview of the thematic collection capabilities being added to Europeana, with music being the first theme. The music collections will include recordings, sheet music, images related to music history, and other materials. The presentation demonstrates the music collections website, outlines the launch timeline, and discusses future developments and how people can get involved.
Archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (@ Pratt)Nick Patterson
The archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center document the development of electronic music from the 1950s onward. They contain thousands of tapes and recordings of pioneering composers' experiments with tape manipulation and early synthesizers. The archives also preserve recordings of the New York Composers' Forum concerts that featured discussions with composers and premiered many unpublished works. Efforts are underway to preserve and digitize the historically significant collection.
Evidence Over Story: Assembly Over AlgorithmRick Prelinger
Talk presented by Rick Prelinger at Future Histories Lab, UC Berkeley, September 27, 2021. Other speaker: Savannah Wood, Afro Charities, Baltimore. Many of the slides include archival video clips, which are not shown in this version.
Primitive rituals and early theatre in China and India utilized simple instruments and music to accompany performances. The Greeks emphasized the actor's voice and used music and amphitheatre acoustics. During the Renaissance, music was used between scenes and for effects. Realism in the late 1800s required practical effects. The phonautograph, phonograph, tape recording and digital audio advanced sound recording technology. Cinema incorporated optical then magnetic film sound. Theatre initially used shellac records then tapes for effects but technology was unreliable until digital audio provided greater control for sound designers by the 1990s.
The JazzTraffic Trio present: Swingin' Musicals. wwwjazztraffic.nlJazz Trio JazzTraffic
A Performance and Lecture show by The JazzTraffic Trio, featuring jazz singer Colette Wickenhagen. Based on the book "Geniuses of the American Musical Theatre" by Dr. Herbert Keyser.
The document discusses the relationship between artistic practice and archives. It provides examples of how artistic works have been inspired by and engaged with archive materials in novel ways, such as altering the performativity and visualization of archives. The document also explores how artistic practice can contribute to understanding the impact of new technologies on archives and foster new visions of archives' roles in society and culture. It examines issues around cooperation between archivists and artists and developing interdisciplinary work while respecting different practices.
Art Tracks: From Provenance to Structured DataDavid Newbury
This keynote presentation was given by David Newbury and Louise Lippincott as part of the Smithsonian Provenance Research Institute's PREP program at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York on February 7th, 2017
A 2 x 45 jazz programme featuring Colette Wickenhagen, info-tainment for American companies, US expats in the Netherlands and institutions in the Netherlands. Check out www.jazztraffic.nl
This document provides an agenda and overview for an upcoming meeting of the Percy Grainger Society. It includes sections on reviewing the past year's activities, previewing the year ahead, and discussing upcoming programs, events, committees and ways for members to get involved. Key upcoming events mentioned are a book launch in September, an opening for a Free Music exhibition, and a series of talks in 2024 on how Grainger's work has been reimagined through arrangement, performance and composition.
Here are the corrections to the mistakes in the letter with abbreviations indicating the type of mistake:
When indicating the type of a mistake use the abbreviations given on the next page.
Corrected
form
Type of a
mistake
Hi Mary,
I’m completely at GR
a loss what to do after I finish the Caucasus School of
Business. Next month our university is arranging a Job Fair. The representatives
from various organizations, such as banks, NGOs, state enterprises will attend
the Fair and will talk SP
to us about different jobs available. As you know, I do need
money to support my family but if I want to have a successful career in business,
I need
This document provides instructions for a number game involving numbered discs (pasuxi). It explains how to arrange the discs according to a given number (X) and allows for variations in disc placement. The instructions state that an electronic program will randomly select the number X for rounds of play.
The Winner Takes it All? -APIs and Linked Data Battle It OutAdrian Stevenson
This document summarizes a presentation about aggregating and linking data from various sources about World War 1. It discusses creating APIs to expose data from different institutions, using formats like SOLR, RSS, and OAI-PMH. It also describes efforts to link related data across sources using Linked Data principles and forming a discovery layer to make the aggregated content more discoverable to people and machines. Challenges discussed include varying data formats, lack of certain content types, and non-open licenses.
A presentation given at National Library NZ in June 2015 on library copyright issues. Please see attribution slide for copyright licencing. Unless otherwise indicated, the presentation is licensed CCBY4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) by the Australian Libraries Copyright Committee.
This document discusses using big data techniques to analyze bibliographical music datasets in order to uncover new narratives in music history. It outlines several large datasets that will be cleaned and analyzed, including catalogs of printed music and manuscripts. The goals are to pilot big data research methods on these datasets, make some datasets publicly available, and potentially challenge traditional music history narratives. Specific examples analyze printing trends over time and locations, and publications related to the composer Palestrina.
IASA 2014 Conference - Cape Town, South Africa #iasa2014Karen Du Toit
This document provides a summary of the International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) 2014 conference held in Cape Town, South Africa from October 5-9, 2014. It discusses several presentations and events that took place each day of the conference, including talks on effective broadcast archives, the challenges facing South African national archives, creative reuse of archival materials, and celebrations of archival work in South Africa. The conference focused on connecting cultures, context, collaboration and highlighted the importance of preserving cultural heritage through sound and audiovisual archives.
McNair Powerpoint for Shakespeare's use of sexual imagerymhall1745
This document is a study of Shakespeare's use of sexual imagery and bawdy language in his plays. It examines puns and double entendres related to sex, marriage, cuckoldry, and gender roles. Specific examples are given from plays like Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, and The Taming of the Shrew. The document also discusses theories about humor, superiority, masculinity and femininity as portrayed in Shakespeare's works. A bibliography lists numerous scholarly sources analyzing sexuality in the Bard's writings.
The Europeana Music Collections presented at EVA/MINERVA 2015 http://www.digital-heritage.org.il/program2015.html on 2015-11-09
These slides supported a presentation of the Europeana Music Collections, built on the Europeana platform, as part of a session on making audio-visual collections from libraries, archives and museums more available online.
The document introduces the Europeana Music Collections, which is a thematic collection within Europeana Collections focused on music-related content. It will include music recordings, sheet music, images of musical instruments and performers, and other texts about music history. The presentation provides an overview of Europeana Collections and thematic collections, previews the music collection content and demo site, and outlines the launch timeline and opportunities to get involved by sharing or curating music-related data and collections.
The document discusses the launch of the Europeana Music Collections, which will showcase music-related collections from across Europe. It provides an overview of the thematic collection capabilities being added to Europeana, with music being the first theme. The music collections will include recordings, sheet music, images related to music history, and other materials. The presentation demonstrates the music collections website, outlines the launch timeline, and discusses future developments and how people can get involved.
Archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (@ Pratt)Nick Patterson
The archives of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center document the development of electronic music from the 1950s onward. They contain thousands of tapes and recordings of pioneering composers' experiments with tape manipulation and early synthesizers. The archives also preserve recordings of the New York Composers' Forum concerts that featured discussions with composers and premiered many unpublished works. Efforts are underway to preserve and digitize the historically significant collection.
Evidence Over Story: Assembly Over AlgorithmRick Prelinger
Talk presented by Rick Prelinger at Future Histories Lab, UC Berkeley, September 27, 2021. Other speaker: Savannah Wood, Afro Charities, Baltimore. Many of the slides include archival video clips, which are not shown in this version.
Primitive rituals and early theatre in China and India utilized simple instruments and music to accompany performances. The Greeks emphasized the actor's voice and used music and amphitheatre acoustics. During the Renaissance, music was used between scenes and for effects. Realism in the late 1800s required practical effects. The phonautograph, phonograph, tape recording and digital audio advanced sound recording technology. Cinema incorporated optical then magnetic film sound. Theatre initially used shellac records then tapes for effects but technology was unreliable until digital audio provided greater control for sound designers by the 1990s.
The JazzTraffic Trio present: Swingin' Musicals. wwwjazztraffic.nlJazz Trio JazzTraffic
A Performance and Lecture show by The JazzTraffic Trio, featuring jazz singer Colette Wickenhagen. Based on the book "Geniuses of the American Musical Theatre" by Dr. Herbert Keyser.
The document discusses the relationship between artistic practice and archives. It provides examples of how artistic works have been inspired by and engaged with archive materials in novel ways, such as altering the performativity and visualization of archives. The document also explores how artistic practice can contribute to understanding the impact of new technologies on archives and foster new visions of archives' roles in society and culture. It examines issues around cooperation between archivists and artists and developing interdisciplinary work while respecting different practices.
Art Tracks: From Provenance to Structured DataDavid Newbury
This keynote presentation was given by David Newbury and Louise Lippincott as part of the Smithsonian Provenance Research Institute's PREP program at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York on February 7th, 2017
A 2 x 45 jazz programme featuring Colette Wickenhagen, info-tainment for American companies, US expats in the Netherlands and institutions in the Netherlands. Check out www.jazztraffic.nl
This document provides an agenda and overview for an upcoming meeting of the Percy Grainger Society. It includes sections on reviewing the past year's activities, previewing the year ahead, and discussing upcoming programs, events, committees and ways for members to get involved. Key upcoming events mentioned are a book launch in September, an opening for a Free Music exhibition, and a series of talks in 2024 on how Grainger's work has been reimagined through arrangement, performance and composition.
Here are the corrections to the mistakes in the letter with abbreviations indicating the type of mistake:
When indicating the type of a mistake use the abbreviations given on the next page.
Corrected
form
Type of a
mistake
Hi Mary,
I’m completely at GR
a loss what to do after I finish the Caucasus School of
Business. Next month our university is arranging a Job Fair. The representatives
from various organizations, such as banks, NGOs, state enterprises will attend
the Fair and will talk SP
to us about different jobs available. As you know, I do need
money to support my family but if I want to have a successful career in business,
I need
This document provides instructions for a number game involving numbered discs (pasuxi). It explains how to arrange the discs according to a given number (X) and allows for variations in disc placement. The instructions state that an electronic program will randomly select the number X for rounds of play.
The Winner Takes it All? -APIs and Linked Data Battle It OutAdrian Stevenson
This document summarizes a presentation about aggregating and linking data from various sources about World War 1. It discusses creating APIs to expose data from different institutions, using formats like SOLR, RSS, and OAI-PMH. It also describes efforts to link related data across sources using Linked Data principles and forming a discovery layer to make the aggregated content more discoverable to people and machines. Challenges discussed include varying data formats, lack of certain content types, and non-open licenses.
A presentation given at National Library NZ in June 2015 on library copyright issues. Please see attribution slide for copyright licencing. Unless otherwise indicated, the presentation is licensed CCBY4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) by the Australian Libraries Copyright Committee.
Similar to Supporting crowd-sourced listening experiences with Web Data technologies (20)
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Supporting crowd-sourced listening experiences with Web Data technologies
1. Supporting crowd-sourced listening
experiences with Web Data
technologies
Mathieu d’Aquin, Alessandro Adamou
Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University
{mathieu.daquin|alessandro.adamou}@open.ac.uk
@mdaquin | @anticitizen79
2. Crowdsourcing in databases
Aggregating data by soliciting contributions from a
community.
examples:
• Discogs, Setlist.fm, Encyclopedia Metallum
• Zooniverse (SETIlive, Old Weather etc.)
• Wikipedia (disputed?)
• UK Reading Experience Database
• Historic Cambridge Newspaper Collection
3.
4. Bootstrapping a crowdsourced
database
• Earliest contributors implicitly dictate de facto
quality standards that will be followed by their
successors.
5. Bootstrapping a crowdsourced
database
• Earliest contributors implicitly dictate de facto
quality standards that will be followed by their
successors.
• Risk of recreating the same data multiple
times: no benefit from prior contributions.
6. Bootstrapping a crowdsourced
database
• Earliest contributors implicitly dictate de facto
quality standards that will be followed by their
successors.
• Risk of recreating the same data multiple
times: no benefit from prior contributions.
A non-empty initial database can mitigate these
issues.
7.
8. Naïve aggregation – same user
“La Valse”
location: London
location-country: UK
date: 30 Oct. 1930
performer: Benjamin Britten
performer-birthdate: 22 Nov. 1913
performer-birthplace: Lowestoft
performer-birth_country: UK
performer-deathdate: 4 Dec. 1976
performer-deathplace: Aldeburgh
performer-birth_country: UK
performer-occupation: Musician
composer: Maurice Ravel
performer-birthdate: ….
………….
(event attended by Benjamin
Britten)
location: Queen’s Hall
location-country: UK
date: 23 Sept. 1930
listener: Benjamin Britten
listener-birthplace: …
listener-birth_country: …
…
…
Not again! I’ll just write “Benjamin Britten”
9. Reuse
“La Valse”
location: London
location-country: UK
date: 30 Oct. 1930
performer: Benjamin Britten
composer: Maurice Ravel
Benjamin Britten
birthdate: 22 Nov. 1913
birthplace: Lowestoft
birth_country: UK
deathdate: 4 Dec. 1976
deathplace: Aldeburgh
death_country: UK
occupation: Musician
(event attended by Benjamin
Britten)
location: Queen’s Hall
location-country: UK
date: 23 Sept. 1930
listener: Benjamin Britten
“Benjamin Britten” is still not shared
across the userbase.
10. Still, for two users:
• Two “Benjamin Britten”s
• Different degrees of detail (possibly
discordant!)
• Two different sets of
performances/experiences for each Britten.
11. Reuse, cross-user
“La Valse”
location: London
location-country: UK
date: 30 Oct. 1930
performer: Benjamin Britten
composer: Maurice Ravel
(event attended by Benjamin
Britten)
location: Queen’s Hall
location-country: UK
date: 23 Sept. 1930
listener: Benjamin Britten
Benjamin Britten
birthdate: 22 Nov. 1913
birthplace: Lowestoft
birth_country: UK
deathdate: 4 Dec. 1976
deathplace: Aldeburgh
death_country: UK
occupation: Musician
User A User B
12. …but does any modern
database really start up
empty today?
13. Reuse, cross-user, cross-database
Wikipedia
MusicBrainz
Geonames
Benjamin
Britten
birthdate: 22 Nov. 1913
birthplace: Lowestoft
deathdate: 4 Dec. 1976
deathplace: Aldeburgh
occupation: Musician
“La Valse”
composer: Maurice Ravel
part of: Catalogue Marcel
Marnat des oeuvres del MR
Lowestoft
region: Suffolk
country: UK
Queen’s Hall
location: London
London
country: UK
User A
(performance of) “La Valse”
location: London
date: 30 Oct. 1930
performer: Benjamin Britten
User B
(event attended by Benjamin
Britten)
location: Queen’s Hall
date: 23 Sept. 1930
listener: Benjamin Britten
14. Almost every database can be bootstrapped out
of a rich, human-readable and machine-readable
data source: the Web [of data].
Because the Web isn’t just pages anymore.
20. • URIs identify things, not pages
– They may also produce Web pages
• Data are encoded in terms of relations
between the things identified by the URIs
<http://...Eine_Kleine_Nachtmusik_(album)>
<http://...performer> <http://...Venom_(band)> ;
<http://…track> <http://... 4b42269f4510> .
<http://... 4b42269f4510> <http://…title> “Countess Bathory” .
• There are standards for making these relations
machine-readable
– data representation paradigm: RDF
– query language: SPARQL
21. Most of all, reuse URIs!
If a URI that identifies the song “Countess Bathory” is
http://musicbrainz.org/recording/c3a0be45-d8c3-4e16-
b44c-4b42269f4510, that does not make MusicBrainz
the only authority with the right to provide and store
data about it using this name.
26. “We have had a charming Concert.... Mr. Jones, the harper, began the Concert. He has a fine
instrument of Merlin's construction; he plays with great neatness and delicacy; but as
expression must have meaning, he does not abound in that commodity. […]”
- Diary of Frances Burney, May 1775 ?
Charles Burney Frances Burney Baron Deiden Baroness Deiden Edward Jones Mr. Merlin
?
Miss Burney
performances:
• harp music (perf. Edward Jones)
• harpsichord duet (comp. Muthel; perf. Charles Burney, Miss Burney)
• keyboard music (comp. Charles Burney, Echard, Schobert; perf. Charles Burney, Miss Burney…)
• vocal music (perf. Miss Louisa Harris)
27. “Our Concert proved to be very much the Thing... ....Mr Burney... Fired away, with his usual
successful velocity, to the amazement and delight of all present... [He] played a concerto of
Schobert, and one of my Father's , and a great deal of Extemporary Preluding. […]”
- Letter from Frances Burney to Samuel Crisp, May 1775
Charles Burney Frances Burney Baron Deiden Baroness Deiden Edward Jones John Joseph Merlin
Esther Burney
performances:
• harp music (perf. Edward Jones)
• harpsichord duet (comp. Muthel; perf. Charles Burney, Esther Burney)
• Lesson by Charles Burney (comp. Charles Burney; perf. Esther Burney)
• Rondeau from Piramo and Tisbé (comp. Venanzio Rauzzini; perf. James Harris, Miss Harris)
• piece by Johann Gottfried Eckard (comp. Johann Gottfried Eckard; perf. Esther Burney)
• concerto by Johann Schobert (comp. Johann Schobert; perf. Charles Burney)
28. “We have had a charming Concert.... Mr. Jones, the harper, began the Concert. He has a fine
instrument of Merlin's construction; he plays with great neatness and delicacy; but as
expression must have meaning, he does not abound in that commodity. […]”
- Diary of Frances Burney, May 1775
“Our Concert proved to be very much the Thing... ....Mr Burney... Fired away, with his usual
successful velocity, to the amazement and delight of all present... [He] played a concerto of
Schobert, and one of my Father's , and a great deal of Extemporary Preluding. […]”
- Letter from Frances Burney to Samuel Crisp, May 1775
Charles Burney Frances Burney Baron Deiden Baroness Deiden Edward Jones John Joseph Merlin
Esther Burney
performances:
• harp music (perf. Edward Jones)
• harpsichord duet (comp. Muthel; perf. Charles Burney, Esther Burney)
• Lesson by Charles Burney (comp. Charles Burney; perf. Esther Burney)
• Rondeau from Piramo and Tisbé (comp. Venanzio Rauzzini; perf. James Harris, Louisa Harris)
• piece by Johann Gottfried Eckard (comp. Johann Gottfried Eckard; perf. Esther Burney)
• concerto by Johann Schobert (comp. Johann Schobert; perf. Charles Burney)
31. Motivation
• Consolidate existing Web Data by integrating
new or refined information.
• Assist information retrieval applications by
providing an additional data node to traverse.
• Provide factual support to assess the
truthfulness of stated assertions on the Web.
32. BNB: British National Bibliography (The British Library)
DBpedia: structured data from Wikipedia infoboxes
LinkedBrainz: MusicBrainz as linked data
VIAF: Virtual International Authority File
DBpedia
BNB
VIAF
Geo-names
Linked
Brainz
34. LED data are re-published
as a Linked Open Data set
• Hosted at http://data.open.ac.uk
• SPARQL query service at
http://data.open.ac.uk/query
• Documentation at
http://led.kmi.open.ac.uk/linkeddata
36. New data
Historical music performances
Royal Carl Rosa Company – “Faust”
for orchestra and voice
date: 14 May, 1917
location: Garrick Theatre
Patron’s Fund - “The Birthday of the Infanta”
date: 9 July, 1931
location: London (indoors, private space)
(you won’t find them on last.fm or setlist.fm)
37. New data
Portions and quotes of source documents / manuscripts
Journeying boy : the diaries of the young Benjamin Britten
1928-1938
(provided by the British Library)
Author: Benjamin Britten
Editor: John Evans
Published: Faber, London, 2009
ISBN: 9780571238835
…
(provided by LED)
Diary entries:
• Page 17, Feb 14 1929: “Still absent from school work. Everso much more snow […]”
• Page 67, March 18 1931: “Go with Mummy to B.B.C – Beethoven concert […]”
• Page 70, April 22 1931: “Go to John Nicholson’s to tea at 2.45. & to hear Gramophone
records on his new Radio-Gram Hear. Brahms. Pft. Concerto Mov. 1. (Rubenstein) Tchaik.”
• …
38. Refinements of existing data
Mary Somerville
(Provided by DBpedia)
Born: 1780-12-26 in Jedburgh
Died: 1872-11-28 in Naples
Field: Polymath, Science journalism
VIAF ID: 27288356
…
(integrated by LED)
Full name: Mary Fairfax Greig Somerville
Social group: Rulers, chiefs, aristocracy & gentry etc.
Occupation: Scientist
Religion: Christian, Protestant
wrote: Memoir of Mary Somerville (1817, 1840’s, 1849, 1850…)
39. Alignments
dbpedia:Aaron_Copland
dbpedia:Jane_Austen
≡
≡
bnb:CoplandAaron1900-1990
bnb:AustenJane1775-1817
These semantic links are not found on the LD cloud.
By exposing them, we assist Semantic Web applications in the
retrieval of relevant information from multiple data sources.
40. Figures on reuse
Computed on 1102 distinct listening experiences
Type Unique instances Total reuse Peak
People 626 1687 184
Written works 902 990 46
Geographical locations 492 266 70
Musical items (songs, albums, performances) 2400 337 22
Musical genres 78 644 219
from external data sources
Source Reused distinct instances
DBpedia 823
BNB 339
data.gov.uk 816
MusicBrainz SOON
41. Questions?
Mathieu d’Aquin, Alessandro Adamou
Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University
{mathieu.daquin|alessandro.adamou}@open.ac.uk
@mdaquin | @anticitizen79
Editor's Notes
On behalf of Mathieu’ sitting over there on how we combined cutting-edge data management with the practices of crowdsourcing
Having a non-empty database to begin with can help a lot. Though this seems a contradiction, it is only an apparent one.
We started off with a set of curated entries, so crowdsourcing It is not the only way LED aggregates content, but it is the trickiest
Wouldn’t it be great if we just store the essential information that is unique to our knowledge and rely upon authoritative data sources for the rest? This would be the machine equivalent of when I tell someone “Hey, I just went to see a Ravel concert” “Who’s Ravel?” and I would quite practically, if impolitely, answer “Ah come on, look it up on Wikipedia!”
What seems to be the catch with it? It would appear that of I wanted to put the data on those websites to good use, I would have to either hack my way through to the underlying databases, or program my software systems to read the Web pages, with all the unpredictability that comes with it.
The never-abused enough Mozart example, but with a twist.
Google did not start by publishing these structured data firsthand, but rather compiling them out of data sources from the Web, the same it indexes for us to search.
This kind of alignment can be done on-the-fly, not so much because we are reusing Web Data, but because we adopt the same paradigm as Linked Data within the LED system, where each entity is a node and we just move references around.
For the record, the Linked Data cloud is something that looks like this today, with every circle being a data provider
What does this mean? That we have saved users the burden of rewriting information about the same people like seventeen hundred times overall, and up to 184 times for one person, whom I think it’s Britten