Lecture 3: Data Formats on the Social Web (2013)Lora Aroyo
This document discusses data formats on the social web. It describes vocabularies used to define terms for exchanging and integrating data between applications. In particular, it describes FOAF (Friend of a Friend), an ontology used for publishing personal profile data and social relationships as linked RDF documents. FOAF allows integrating factual information about people with other human-oriented content on the web. The document also briefly mentions challenges of cleaning and transforming messy social web data into consistent formats.
Lecture 1: Social Web Introduction (2012)Lora Aroyo
This is the first lecture in the Social Web course (2012) at the VU University Amsterdam
Visit the website for more information: http://semanticweb.cs.vu.nl/socialweb2012/
Thanks to Julita Vassileva and Peter Brusilovsky for letting me adopt slides from their lectures
The document discusses how teachers can increase the workload of wikis in their classrooms to take them to the next level and help both teachers and students achieve more. It provides examples of how wikis can be used for publishing student projects, facilitating student projects with templates, maintaining a class calendar, guiding the curriculum, and creating student portfolios. The document emphasizes that wikis demand participation and work best when created for a specific function that will be used.
This presentation was provided by Adam Chandler of Cornell University Library, Steven T. Carmody of Brown University, Keith Dixon, David Orrell, and Lyn Norris of Eduserv, and Jerry Ward of ProQuest during the NISO Webinar "Single Sign-On Authentication: Understanding the Pieces of the Puzzle" held on February 11, 2009.
This document summarizes a presentation about making and sharing content online as a researcher. It discusses recording, editing, and hosting digital content like documents, slides, images, audio, and video. It encourages open sharing of research outputs to enhance impact and engagement. Some challenges of digital sharing are addressed, such as copyright and ensuring materials are adapted for different audiences. Tools for different types of digital media are listed.
This presentation was given at the launch of the DH23Things Programme at Cambridge University. The programme aims to help early career researchers in Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences explore the use and impact of digital technologies in their work. Find out more at http://dh23things.wordpress.com/
Building community inside the enterpriseDave Burke
Case study about building a collaboration wiki inside the IT community at The Washington Post.
First presented to students at USDA Graduate School in June 2008.
This document provides an overview of a course on living and learning with technology from February 2013. It includes introductions and discussions of future technologies students will need to know, how to prepare students and oneself for the future, authentic learning, keeping a journal, asking questions, and setting up a course website. The document discusses using technologies like Weebly, Yola, Google Sites, and Wikispaces for the course site rather than Facebook.
Lecture 3: Data Formats on the Social Web (2013)Lora Aroyo
This document discusses data formats on the social web. It describes vocabularies used to define terms for exchanging and integrating data between applications. In particular, it describes FOAF (Friend of a Friend), an ontology used for publishing personal profile data and social relationships as linked RDF documents. FOAF allows integrating factual information about people with other human-oriented content on the web. The document also briefly mentions challenges of cleaning and transforming messy social web data into consistent formats.
Lecture 1: Social Web Introduction (2012)Lora Aroyo
This is the first lecture in the Social Web course (2012) at the VU University Amsterdam
Visit the website for more information: http://semanticweb.cs.vu.nl/socialweb2012/
Thanks to Julita Vassileva and Peter Brusilovsky for letting me adopt slides from their lectures
The document discusses how teachers can increase the workload of wikis in their classrooms to take them to the next level and help both teachers and students achieve more. It provides examples of how wikis can be used for publishing student projects, facilitating student projects with templates, maintaining a class calendar, guiding the curriculum, and creating student portfolios. The document emphasizes that wikis demand participation and work best when created for a specific function that will be used.
This presentation was provided by Adam Chandler of Cornell University Library, Steven T. Carmody of Brown University, Keith Dixon, David Orrell, and Lyn Norris of Eduserv, and Jerry Ward of ProQuest during the NISO Webinar "Single Sign-On Authentication: Understanding the Pieces of the Puzzle" held on February 11, 2009.
This document summarizes a presentation about making and sharing content online as a researcher. It discusses recording, editing, and hosting digital content like documents, slides, images, audio, and video. It encourages open sharing of research outputs to enhance impact and engagement. Some challenges of digital sharing are addressed, such as copyright and ensuring materials are adapted for different audiences. Tools for different types of digital media are listed.
This presentation was given at the launch of the DH23Things Programme at Cambridge University. The programme aims to help early career researchers in Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences explore the use and impact of digital technologies in their work. Find out more at http://dh23things.wordpress.com/
Building community inside the enterpriseDave Burke
Case study about building a collaboration wiki inside the IT community at The Washington Post.
First presented to students at USDA Graduate School in June 2008.
This document provides an overview of a course on living and learning with technology from February 2013. It includes introductions and discussions of future technologies students will need to know, how to prepare students and oneself for the future, authentic learning, keeping a journal, asking questions, and setting up a course website. The document discusses using technologies like Weebly, Yola, Google Sites, and Wikispaces for the course site rather than Facebook.
The document discusses the impact of Web 2.0 on archives and the archival profession. It explores how Web 2.0 requires archives to let go of some control and embrace user participation through tagging, crowdsourcing, and user-generated content. While this poses preservation challenges, it also opens opportunities to grow audiences and make archives more relevant. Web 2.0 encourages a more personal approach that blends professional and private identities. Overall, the document argues that Web 2.0 represents a change in mindset that archives must adapt to in order to remain engaged with modern users.
Researcher online 1 Building an Online IdentityHelen Webster
The document discusses a talk given by Dr. Helen Webster on building an online identity as a researcher. The talk aimed to raise awareness of how social and digital media can enhance research work, understand issues with these tools, and evaluate different digital tools. It covered thinking digitally in a networked and open way. The talk discussed professional identity online, including who you are online and tips for enhancing visibility, such as using social media, authoritative sites, keywords in metadata, and updating at peak times.
This document is a presentation about communications for the digital age given at Notre Dame Cathedral Latin HS, sponsored by the Sisters of Notre Dame. It discusses how traditional catechesis methods can be enhanced through various Web 2.0 tools like social networking, blogging, photo sharing and more to engage students in new ways and develop higher-order thinking skills. Examples of specific tools are provided like Twitter, Animoto and Flickr that could inspire new life for ministries in reaching people.
Global lodlam_communities and open cultural dataMinerva Lin
This document provides an overview of linked open data in libraries, archives, and museums. It defines linked open data and open cultural data, and discusses their importance in enabling connections and collaboration. The history and role of communities in advancing open cultural data initiatives are described. Key events like the LODLAM summits that brought the community together are summarized. The document promotes open data standards and licensing to realize the full potential of linked open cultural data.
Workshop #6: Mastering Social Media
LinkedIn, Facebook, YouTube, Yahoo answers, Wikipedia, Twitter…and so many are ready to be discovered! A link leading to your Web page is also a vote for your page and for your website. All search engines take the number of inbound links to a website into account in their algorithms. The number of links is not the only factor, the quality and the community of links are also important. During this workshop, we will give you the keys to enter this effervescent world of social media & community building.
This document summarizes a presentation about wikis and blogs. It defines wikis as collaborative websites that are easy to update without HTML knowledge. Wikis allow anyone to edit pages and see editing histories. Examples given are Wikipedia and using wikis in workplaces and classrooms for collaboration. Issues discussed with wikis include potential for abuse and need for planning. Blogs are also covered as being for one-way communication with comments, as opposed to collaboration. Free blogging platforms are listed.
This was presented at This is IT!, 2007 at Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario. It covers Info Management 2.0 tools such as social bookmarking and RSS readers.
The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. - Alvin Toffler
Web 2.0 refers to second-generation internet-based services that emphasize online collaboration and sharing among users and encourage users to add value through tagging, commenting, and modifying content. Some key characteristics include rich, interactive interfaces; user-generated content; and network effects from user contributions.
WWF - Internet and social networks for organizationskatalamar
This document discusses concepts related to using the internet and social networks for organizations. It begins with basic concepts such as defining the internet and social networks. It then discusses broken paradigms from Web 1.0 and new concepts introduced in Web 2.0 like blogs, wikis, and social bookmarking. Finally, it discusses how non-governmental organizations can leverage tools like social media, crowdsourcing, and video conferencing for online communication and connecting visually with supporters at low cost.
The document discusses opportunities for collaboration between museums and Wikipedia. It notes that while museums and Wikipedia may seem like different worlds, they both involve collecting and documenting information for public access. The document outlines how scholars can contribute their expertise to Wikipedia articles and help ensure accuracy. It also explores tools that could facilitate use of Wikipedia in museums and mutual exchange of content between the two communities.
Technology Tools for Librarians: SlidecastValerie Hill
Valerie Hill discusses various tools that librarians can use for collaboration, library services, multimedia presentations, and personal learning. Some highlighted tools include Ning and blogs for collaboration; Google documents, spreadsheets, and custom search engines for library services; FRAPS and Voicethread for multimedia presentations; and bookmarks, blogs, and RSS feeds for personal learning. The overall trend is toward more global collaboration and connecting with users where they are online through social networking and Web 2.0 tools.
This document discusses using Web 2.0 tools in an educational environment. It begins by comparing Web 1.0 and Web 2.0, noting that Web 2.0 encourages sharing, user-generated content, and mobile access over desktop applications. The document then provides many examples of how schools and libraries can use Web 2.0 tools, including blogs, wikis, social networking, photo sharing, and more. It acknowledges challenges but emphasizes that websites should be flexible and encourage collaboration.
Web 1.0 allowed users to only read information on the internet through search engines like Google. It was described as a "read-only" web. Web 2.0 introduced new ways for users to interact with information by commenting, posting, uploading, and sharing content on sites like Facebook, Wikipedia, YouTube, and eBay. It transformed the web into a "read-write" platform. Web 3.0, also called the Semantic Web, will allow machines to better understand web pages like humans by turning the web into a large, connected database through common standards and identifiers.
ELI Web 2.0 Storytelling workshop: IntroductionBryan Alexander
This document provides an introduction to storytelling practices that have emerged from Web 2.0 technologies and cultural forms. It discusses some key aspects of storytelling including roles of producers and consumers, and what constitutes story content. Examples are given of early Web 1.0 storytelling projects and how digital storytelling has evolved from educational projects to incorporate multiple platforms and commercial aspects. Caveats are provided that this framework may not apply to all projects.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dan Brickley on requirements for linked social TV. The three key requirements discussed are: 1) Allowing metadata to flow widely between content and platforms, 2) Identifying content with URLs, and 3) Opening APIs to control TVs and link devices. Examples of prototypes that were discussed include using QR codes and second screen apps on tablets to link TV content. The presentation argues that linking content with URLs is foundational for social TV and that standard protocols are needed for second screen functionality.
The document discusses sharing faith through digital storytelling. It provides examples of different digital tools that can be used to create and share stories, including text-based tools like blogs and wikis, audio-only podcasts, image-only tools like Flickr, and video-based tools. It also discusses why we tell stories and how digital stories are told using various software and internet applications. Steps for creating digital stories are outlined, along with options for photos, music, and other multimedia elements.
This document outlines different types of interaction and activities that can be used in online teaching, including learner-interface, learner-content, learner-learner, and learner-instructor interaction. It describes individual activities like journals and assignments as well as group activities like discussions and presentations. Guidelines are provided for synchronous interactions, instructional steps, and delivery systems to effectively engage online learners.
This is a guest lecture I gave at SI110 covering my own take on the history of the Internet and moments in time where great innovations came into being and moments where the present state of technology may never have come into being. We look at the forces allied against the Internet and Web as we know it today and look at how those forces were unable to control the innovation. I explore what we might see as a dystopian future that we might be experiencing if things had turned out differently. The live version of this presentation has a number of short video segments to punctuate the ideas in the presentation.
Web 2.0 And Other Online Trends (Dec 2006)Neal Andrews
This document discusses trends related to Web 2.0 and online communities. It notes that Web 2.0 emphasizes user-generated content and social networking. Some key trends it outlines include the rise of blogs, social networking sites like Myspace, user-tagging on sites like Flickr and Delicious, the growth of online video through YouTube, and virtual communities like Second Life. It provides examples of how various brands are leveraging these new online platforms and trends to engage with customers.
Crowdsourcing & Nichesourcing: Enriching Cultural Heritagewith Experts & Cr...Lora Aroyo
The document discusses using both experts and crowdsourcing to enrich cultural heritage knowledge. It describes four research projects: 1) extracting knowledge from social tagging, 2) harnessing non-expert medical knowledge, 3) obtaining expert knowledge through nichesourcing, and 4) capturing event knowledge. The goal is to develop scalable and reliable methods of capturing human knowledge to improve machine systems.
This document summarizes the key details of UMAP 2022, including:
- UMAP is moving to ACM as its new sponsor and publisher after many years with other organizations.
- It features a new presentation model of short talks and posters.
- It received 123 submissions from various countries, with acceptance rates ranging from 23.9% to 27.6% across categories.
- The program committee included 132 members who conducted a rigorous review process with at least 3 reviews per submission.
- 128 people from Europe, North America, Asia, Australia, and South America registered to attend the conference.
The document discusses the impact of Web 2.0 on archives and the archival profession. It explores how Web 2.0 requires archives to let go of some control and embrace user participation through tagging, crowdsourcing, and user-generated content. While this poses preservation challenges, it also opens opportunities to grow audiences and make archives more relevant. Web 2.0 encourages a more personal approach that blends professional and private identities. Overall, the document argues that Web 2.0 represents a change in mindset that archives must adapt to in order to remain engaged with modern users.
Researcher online 1 Building an Online IdentityHelen Webster
The document discusses a talk given by Dr. Helen Webster on building an online identity as a researcher. The talk aimed to raise awareness of how social and digital media can enhance research work, understand issues with these tools, and evaluate different digital tools. It covered thinking digitally in a networked and open way. The talk discussed professional identity online, including who you are online and tips for enhancing visibility, such as using social media, authoritative sites, keywords in metadata, and updating at peak times.
This document is a presentation about communications for the digital age given at Notre Dame Cathedral Latin HS, sponsored by the Sisters of Notre Dame. It discusses how traditional catechesis methods can be enhanced through various Web 2.0 tools like social networking, blogging, photo sharing and more to engage students in new ways and develop higher-order thinking skills. Examples of specific tools are provided like Twitter, Animoto and Flickr that could inspire new life for ministries in reaching people.
Global lodlam_communities and open cultural dataMinerva Lin
This document provides an overview of linked open data in libraries, archives, and museums. It defines linked open data and open cultural data, and discusses their importance in enabling connections and collaboration. The history and role of communities in advancing open cultural data initiatives are described. Key events like the LODLAM summits that brought the community together are summarized. The document promotes open data standards and licensing to realize the full potential of linked open cultural data.
Workshop #6: Mastering Social Media
LinkedIn, Facebook, YouTube, Yahoo answers, Wikipedia, Twitter…and so many are ready to be discovered! A link leading to your Web page is also a vote for your page and for your website. All search engines take the number of inbound links to a website into account in their algorithms. The number of links is not the only factor, the quality and the community of links are also important. During this workshop, we will give you the keys to enter this effervescent world of social media & community building.
This document summarizes a presentation about wikis and blogs. It defines wikis as collaborative websites that are easy to update without HTML knowledge. Wikis allow anyone to edit pages and see editing histories. Examples given are Wikipedia and using wikis in workplaces and classrooms for collaboration. Issues discussed with wikis include potential for abuse and need for planning. Blogs are also covered as being for one-way communication with comments, as opposed to collaboration. Free blogging platforms are listed.
This was presented at This is IT!, 2007 at Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario. It covers Info Management 2.0 tools such as social bookmarking and RSS readers.
The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. - Alvin Toffler
Web 2.0 refers to second-generation internet-based services that emphasize online collaboration and sharing among users and encourage users to add value through tagging, commenting, and modifying content. Some key characteristics include rich, interactive interfaces; user-generated content; and network effects from user contributions.
WWF - Internet and social networks for organizationskatalamar
This document discusses concepts related to using the internet and social networks for organizations. It begins with basic concepts such as defining the internet and social networks. It then discusses broken paradigms from Web 1.0 and new concepts introduced in Web 2.0 like blogs, wikis, and social bookmarking. Finally, it discusses how non-governmental organizations can leverage tools like social media, crowdsourcing, and video conferencing for online communication and connecting visually with supporters at low cost.
The document discusses opportunities for collaboration between museums and Wikipedia. It notes that while museums and Wikipedia may seem like different worlds, they both involve collecting and documenting information for public access. The document outlines how scholars can contribute their expertise to Wikipedia articles and help ensure accuracy. It also explores tools that could facilitate use of Wikipedia in museums and mutual exchange of content between the two communities.
Technology Tools for Librarians: SlidecastValerie Hill
Valerie Hill discusses various tools that librarians can use for collaboration, library services, multimedia presentations, and personal learning. Some highlighted tools include Ning and blogs for collaboration; Google documents, spreadsheets, and custom search engines for library services; FRAPS and Voicethread for multimedia presentations; and bookmarks, blogs, and RSS feeds for personal learning. The overall trend is toward more global collaboration and connecting with users where they are online through social networking and Web 2.0 tools.
This document discusses using Web 2.0 tools in an educational environment. It begins by comparing Web 1.0 and Web 2.0, noting that Web 2.0 encourages sharing, user-generated content, and mobile access over desktop applications. The document then provides many examples of how schools and libraries can use Web 2.0 tools, including blogs, wikis, social networking, photo sharing, and more. It acknowledges challenges but emphasizes that websites should be flexible and encourage collaboration.
Web 1.0 allowed users to only read information on the internet through search engines like Google. It was described as a "read-only" web. Web 2.0 introduced new ways for users to interact with information by commenting, posting, uploading, and sharing content on sites like Facebook, Wikipedia, YouTube, and eBay. It transformed the web into a "read-write" platform. Web 3.0, also called the Semantic Web, will allow machines to better understand web pages like humans by turning the web into a large, connected database through common standards and identifiers.
ELI Web 2.0 Storytelling workshop: IntroductionBryan Alexander
This document provides an introduction to storytelling practices that have emerged from Web 2.0 technologies and cultural forms. It discusses some key aspects of storytelling including roles of producers and consumers, and what constitutes story content. Examples are given of early Web 1.0 storytelling projects and how digital storytelling has evolved from educational projects to incorporate multiple platforms and commercial aspects. Caveats are provided that this framework may not apply to all projects.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dan Brickley on requirements for linked social TV. The three key requirements discussed are: 1) Allowing metadata to flow widely between content and platforms, 2) Identifying content with URLs, and 3) Opening APIs to control TVs and link devices. Examples of prototypes that were discussed include using QR codes and second screen apps on tablets to link TV content. The presentation argues that linking content with URLs is foundational for social TV and that standard protocols are needed for second screen functionality.
The document discusses sharing faith through digital storytelling. It provides examples of different digital tools that can be used to create and share stories, including text-based tools like blogs and wikis, audio-only podcasts, image-only tools like Flickr, and video-based tools. It also discusses why we tell stories and how digital stories are told using various software and internet applications. Steps for creating digital stories are outlined, along with options for photos, music, and other multimedia elements.
This document outlines different types of interaction and activities that can be used in online teaching, including learner-interface, learner-content, learner-learner, and learner-instructor interaction. It describes individual activities like journals and assignments as well as group activities like discussions and presentations. Guidelines are provided for synchronous interactions, instructional steps, and delivery systems to effectively engage online learners.
This is a guest lecture I gave at SI110 covering my own take on the history of the Internet and moments in time where great innovations came into being and moments where the present state of technology may never have come into being. We look at the forces allied against the Internet and Web as we know it today and look at how those forces were unable to control the innovation. I explore what we might see as a dystopian future that we might be experiencing if things had turned out differently. The live version of this presentation has a number of short video segments to punctuate the ideas in the presentation.
Web 2.0 And Other Online Trends (Dec 2006)Neal Andrews
This document discusses trends related to Web 2.0 and online communities. It notes that Web 2.0 emphasizes user-generated content and social networking. Some key trends it outlines include the rise of blogs, social networking sites like Myspace, user-tagging on sites like Flickr and Delicious, the growth of online video through YouTube, and virtual communities like Second Life. It provides examples of how various brands are leveraging these new online platforms and trends to engage with customers.
Crowdsourcing & Nichesourcing: Enriching Cultural Heritagewith Experts & Cr...Lora Aroyo
The document discusses using both experts and crowdsourcing to enrich cultural heritage knowledge. It describes four research projects: 1) extracting knowledge from social tagging, 2) harnessing non-expert medical knowledge, 3) obtaining expert knowledge through nichesourcing, and 4) capturing event knowledge. The goal is to develop scalable and reliable methods of capturing human knowledge to improve machine systems.
This document summarizes the key details of UMAP 2022, including:
- UMAP is moving to ACM as its new sponsor and publisher after many years with other organizations.
- It features a new presentation model of short talks and posters.
- It received 123 submissions from various countries, with acceptance rates ranging from 23.9% to 27.6% across categories.
- The program committee included 132 members who conducted a rigorous review process with at least 3 reviews per submission.
- 128 people from Europe, North America, Asia, Australia, and South America registered to attend the conference.
Stitch by Stitch: Annotating Fashion at the RijksmuseumLora Aroyo
https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/stitch-by-stitch
http://annotate.accurator.nl/
Fashion can be found everywhere in museums. Fashion heritage collected over centuries: costumes, accessories, paintings, prints and photographs. But while some clothes and accessories are easily found and identified, others are obscure and require a trained eye to describe. What are we looking at? What kind of sleeve is this? Which materials and techniques have been used? More specific descriptions of the images facilitate better use of digital collections and enable users to wander through them in detail.
Museums & the Web 2016 Presentation: Enriching Collections with Expert Knowle...Lora Aroyo
The document summarizes strategies for engaging expert crowds in annotation projects at museums. It discusses how to bridge enthusiasts' interests with museum needs, learn from unexpected crowd contributions, structure annotations with standards to aid experts, adapt to different types of experts, and engage and reward experts by combining work with pleasure. Key strategies include linking data to different languages, scientific and common names, and tailored vocabularies; profiling experts; finding gaps experts can fill; and gamifying tasks around domains like art, history, and birds.
"Video Killed the Radio Star": From MTV to SnapchatLora Aroyo
The document discusses bridging the gap between people and the massive amount of online multimedia content. It proposes decomposing videos and images into smaller fragments and building a media graph to link these fragments based on semantic relationships. Both machine learning and crowdsourcing are used to analyze and enrich media with metadata at scale. The goal is to turn "mute" images and context-free videos into relationship-aware media that allows nonlinear exploration. This would provide a more engaging experience for online audiences.
DevOpsUse for Large-Scale Social Requirements Engineering @ SIG WELL - EC-TEL...Ralf Klamma
This document discusses using DevOps and social requirements engineering for large-scale projects. It introduces the Requirements Bazaar platform for enabling communication between users and developers on requirements. Users can create components, comment, vote and post requirements. DevOps promotes collaboration between stakeholders, automation, and alignment of objectives. The WEKIT project aims to improve maintenance of aircraft using improved documentation and collaboration between maintenance personnel.
Europeana GA 2016: Harnessing Crowds, Niches & Professionals in the Digital AgeLora Aroyo
The document discusses harnessing crowds, niches, and professionals in the digital age. The key points are:
- Software is becoming less important as data takes center stage; cultural institutions must know their data and crowds.
- Different crowds have different expertise and abilities; nichesourcing can access specialized knowledge.
- Crowdsourcing initiatives should be part of an overall strategy and integrated into existing systems.
- Novel interactions and user-driven augmentations can empower users and align the digital and physical.
Library 2.011 Free Web Tools for Libraries Cheryl Peltier-DavisCheryl Peltier-Davis
This document provides information about various Web 2.0 tools and how they can be used in libraries. It begins with defining Web 2.0 and listing some common Web 2.0 tools. Each tool is then described in more detail with examples of how it can be used by libraries. The document concludes with resources for staying up to date with new Web 2.0 tools.
This document provides an overview of wiki technologies and their history. It discusses how wikis originated in the 1990s and were popularized by Wikipedia in the early 2000s. Key features of wikis are outlined, such as their open source nature, ease of editing, and support for collaboration. Wikipedia's enormous growth and collaborative model are also summarized. The document concludes with an introduction to using the MediaWiki software that powers Wikipedia.
The document provides an overview of Web 2.0 and Health 2.0. It defines Web 2.0 as the transition from static web pages to a more dynamic and user-generated web where users can interact and collaborate. Examples of Web 2.0 applications include blogs, wikis, social networks, and user reviews. Health 2.0 applies similar principles of user participation and collaboration to the healthcare field by enabling patients to access and share health information online. The document discusses how platforms like PatientsLikeMe allow patients to connect with others and participate more actively in their own healthcare.
The document provides an overview of Web 2.0, including:
- Web 2.0 emphasizes user-generated content and collaboration through tools like social networking, wikis, blogs and more.
- It marked a shift from static web pages to more dynamic and interactive experiences where users could share, tag and modify content.
- Some benefits included lower costs, increased loyalty through participation, and better marketing through viral strategies.
- Implications for education included moving from consuming to producing content, authority to transparency, and passive to passionate learning through collaboration and participation.
The document discusses how Web 2.0 technologies can support learning through social and collaborative dimensions, highlighting features like affordances for participation and information sharing, and examining learning theories of social learning, constructivism, and connectivism that relate to Web 2.0. It also provides examples of how social networking, social reading, collaboration and other Web 2.0 tools can be applied in educational contexts.
Wikimedia is a non-profit organization that operates several collaborative online wiki projects, most notably Wikipedia. It was founded in 2003 to develop and maintain Wikipedia and other open content projects. Wikimedia uses the MediaWiki software platform that powers Wikipedia and its other projects. MediaWiki is open source and scales well to handle the large traffic to Wikimedia sites through techniques like caching, load balancing and database replication. [END SUMMARY]
Lecture 4: Social Web Personalization (2012)Lora Aroyo
This is the fourth lecture in the Social Web course at the VU University Amsterdam
Visit the website for more information: http://semanticweb.cs.vu.nl/socialweb2012/
Thanks to Fabian Abel for letting me adopt slides from his lectures
This presentation will focus on Web 2.0 technologies and the use of these technologies in Caribbean libraries of all types. Coverage is wide-ranging, catering to the needs of experts and non-experts: creating a book review blog, social bookmarking a reference collection, developing a policy driven wiki, recording a podcast, creating a tutorial using digital video, attracting fans on a Facebook page and providing regular tweets on upcoming events in the library. Geared towards Cybrarians in the Caribbean the presentation uses examples of Web 2.0 tools currently implemented in libraries in Trinidad and Tobago.
Introduction to Web 2.0 Tools-Multimedia Unit 2mrsbrown526
This document outlines a lesson plan for introducing students to various Web 2.0 tools over two weeks. Week 1 covers blogs, wikis, podcasts, social networking, social bookmarking, virtual worlds, and mobile technologies. Students are assigned a paper and project using a Web 2.0 tool of their choice. Week 2 focuses on completing the project, with checkpoints for posting topics, journal entries, and the final project deadline. Examples and educational uses of each tool are provided.
Lecture 3: Vocabularies & Data Formats on the Social Web (2014)Lora Aroyo
This is the third lecture in the Social Web course (2014) at the VU University Amsterdam. Visit the website for more information: http://thesocialweb2014.wordpress.com/
Using a Wiki for Collaboration and CoordinationConnie Crosby
Based on a webinar presented to the Association of Independent Information Professionals (AIIP) these slides look at use of a wiki for event planning, and getting started using wikis for larger projects. A list of helpful resources are also included
The document discusses content curation for learning. It notes the massive growth of online content like photos, videos, and emails. Effective content curation tools can help learners stay up-to-date by providing curated information that is relevant, trustworthy, and timely. Popular curation tools mentioned include Pinterest, Scoopit, LiveBinders, and Evernote. Developing skills like curiosity, media literacy, and information evaluation are important for content curation. Visual tools like Pearl Trees and Pinterest allow users to organize and share curated content.
Wonderful world of wiki teaching 2012 editionVicki Davis
The document discusses using wikis for teaching. It provides an overview of Wikispaces features for managing wikis and strategies for setting up large numbers of user accounts. It also discusses various pedagogical uses of wikis in the classroom with examples from elementary through high school. Key strategies are outlined for collaborative writing projects using wikis.
Web 2.0: A waste of time, or a revolutionary way of working--but is it dead ...Johan Koren
This document discusses various aspects of Web 2.0 technologies including definitions, history and examples. It begins by introducing the concept of Web 2.0 and digital natives' innate use of these technologies without being able to name them. It then provides multiple definitions of Web 2.0 focusing on ideas of participation, social aspects, relinquishing control and using the web as a platform. Examples of early Web 2.0 sites like blogs, wikis and social networks are described. The document aims to explain what constitutes Web 2.0 technologies and their relationship to constructivism.
VU University Amsterdam - The Social Web 2016 - Lecture 3Davide Ceolin
This document summarizes key points from a lecture on data on the social web. It discusses the types of data found on blogs, wikis, crowdsourcing platforms, and other social media. Formats for organizing and tagging user-generated content like folksonomies and vocabularies are presented. The document also introduces ontologies for representing social web data like FOAF, SIOC, and Activity Streams.
Wonderful world of wiki teaching 2012 editionVicki Davis
Wikis are powerful tools for the classroom and schools. The presentation at ISTE 2012 had many hands on tutorials, however, this presentation includes the outline and links to projects mentioned during the session.
This document provides an introduction to the Metronet Information Literacy Initiative (MILI), which aims to improve information literacy skills among students and teachers. MILI focuses on developing skills in research, identifying reliable resources, and responsible use of information. It emphasizes using a process approach to research and incorporating 21st century skills. MILI will provide professional development for teachers and librarians to help students develop these skills and prepare for further education and careers. Key aspects of MILI include improving research abilities, evaluating various resource formats, understanding issues like plagiarism, and encouraging critical thinking and collaboration.
This presentation was developed by our team on EDIT 611 - Innovations in Distance Learning. Our assignment was to explore Wiki's in the context of education (K-12), higher education, and professional training.
Breaking Down Walls in Enterprise with Social SemanticsJohn Breslin
Keynote Talk at the Workshop on New Trends in Service Oriented Architecture for massive Knowledge processing in Modern Enterprise (SOA-KME 2012) / Palermo, Italy / 6th July 2012
Similar to Lecture 3: Social Web Data Formats (2012) (20)
CATS4ML Data Challenge: Crowdsourcing Adverse Test Sets for Machine LearningLora Aroyo
The document introduces CATS4ML, a crowdsourcing challenge to discover blindspots in machine learning models by having participants label images in the Open Images Dataset that are incorrectly labeled by AI. The goal is to crowdsource adverse test sets that can capture biases and improve evaluation of AI. The challenge runs through April 2021 and invites individuals and teams to discover interesting mislabeled images and contribute them for review and inclusion in the test sets. Winning contributions will be promoted at the next CrowdCamp conference.
Harnessing Human Semantics at Scale (updated)Lora Aroyo
The document appears to be a series of tweets and posts by Lora Aroyo discussing data science and crowdsourcing techniques. Some key points discussed include harnessing human semantics at scale through crowdsourcing and nichesourcing, measuring quality and reproducibility of crowdsourced results, and experimenting with different task designs and payment models to assess their impact. Specific examples mentioned include using crowdsourcing to add detailed annotations to museum collections and to find "blindspots" in AI models through a data challenge.
Data excellence: Better data for better AILora Aroyo
The document discusses the importance of data quality and a data lifecycle approach for artificial intelligence. Some key points made include:
- A data lifecycle is needed to guide best practices for data research and development, similar to how a software lifecycle guides software engineering.
- Data quality must be addressed through practices and standards to help avoid unintended AI behaviors that can result from low quality data.
- Disagreement in annotation tasks can provide valuable signals about ambiguity and diversity rather than just being considered noise.
- Achieving high quality, reliable data requires consideration of aspects like validity, fidelity, reproducibility and maintaining data over time - an approach toward "data excellence".
This document summarizes the CHIP project, which aims to use semantic metadata about cultural heritage objects to improve personalized access and recommendations for museum visitors. The CHIP approach involves making metadata and vocabularies available as RDF/OWL, aligning and enriching the data, and using it to build a combined user model for generating virtual and physical museum tours. Experiments show semantic relations can enhance content-based recommendations for novices and experts. Follow-up projects include Agora, deploying the techniques at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.
The Rijksmuseum Collection as Linked DataLora Aroyo
Presentation at ISWC2018: http://iswc2018.semanticweb.org/sessions/the-rijksmuseum-collection-as-linked-data/ of our paper published originally in the Semantic Web Journal: http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/content/rijksmuseum-collection-linked-data-2
Many museums are currently providing online access to their collections. The state of the art research in the last decade shows that it is beneficial for institutions to provide their datasets as Linked Data in order to achieve easy cross-referencing, interlinking and integration. In this paper, we present the Rijksmuseum linked dataset (accessible at http://datahub.io/dataset/rijksmuseum), along with collection and vocabulary statistics, as well as lessons learned from the process of converting the collection to Linked Data. The version of March 2016 contains over 350,000 objects, including detailed descriptions and high-quality images released under a public domain license.
Keynote at International Conference of Art Libraries 2018 @RijksmuseumLora Aroyo
Lora Aroyo presents on data science for smart cultural heritage. Some key points:
- Cultural heritage organizations are traditionally seen as inventories but aim to engage people.
- Bringing collections online increased access but interpretation was still needed for engagement.
- Data should be at the center of processes to evolve with users. There is a spectrum of truth, not just one view.
FAIRview: Responsible Video Summarization @NYCML'18Lora Aroyo
Presentation at the NYC Media Lab (NYCML2018). There is a growing demand for news videos online, with more consumers preferring to watch the news than read or listen to it. On the publisher side, there is a growing effort to use video summarization technology in order to create easy-to-consume previews (trailers) for different types of broadcast programs. How can we measure the quality of video summaries and their potential to misinform? This workshop will inform participants about automatic video summarization algorithms and how to produce more “representative” video summaries. The research presented is from the FAIRview project and is supported by the Digital News Innovation Fund (DNI Fund), which is part of the Google News Initiative.
StorySourcing: Telling Stories with Humans & MachinesLora Aroyo
This document discusses Lora Aroyo's work on using events and narratives to enhance access to cultural heritage collections. It describes early projects that linked cultural objects to events and entities to provide more context and engagement for online users. This led to work modeling historical events and extracting event properties and relationships to generate "proto-narratives". Later projects like DIVE and DIVE+ developed event-centric exploratory search tools and media suites. More recent efforts focus on crowdsourcing event tagging and curating to further engage audiences and remix archival stories. A key challenge discussed is the lack of standardized event vocabularies across cultural heritage communities.
Digital Humanities Benelux 2017: Keynote Lora AroyoLora Aroyo
This document discusses harnessing human semantics at scale through crowdsourcing and nichesourcing. It addresses making crowdsourcing efforts measurable, reproducible, engaging and sustainable. Some key points discussed are identifying crowdsourcing goals, assessing the impact of task and result designs, measuring quality and progress over time, and running continuous campaigns to reproduce and sustain results at scale.
DH Benelux 2017 Panel: A Pragmatic Approach to Understanding and Utilising Ev...Lora Aroyo
Lora Aroyo, Chiel van den Akker, Marnix van Berchum, Lodewijk
Petram, Gerard Kuys, Tommaso Caselli, Jacco van Ossenbruggen, Victor de Boer, Sabrina Sauer, Berber Hagedoorn
Crowdsourcing ambiguity aware ground truth - collective intelligence 2017Lora Aroyo
The process of gathering ground truth data through human annotation is a major bottleneck in the use of information extraction methods. Crowdsourcing-based approaches are gaining popularity in the attempt to solve the issues related to the volume of data and lack of annotators. Typically these practices use inter-annotator agreement as a measure of quality. However, this assumption often creates issues in practice. Previous experiments we performed found that inter-annotator disagreement is usually never captured, either because the number of annotators is too small to capture the full diversity of opinion, or because the crowd data is aggregated with metrics that enforce consensus, such as majority vote. These practices create artificial data that is neither general nor reflects the ambiguity inherent in the data.
To address these issues, we proposed the method for crowdsourcing ground truth by harnessing inter-annotator disagreement. We present an alternative approach for crowdsourcing ground truth data that, instead of enforcing an agreement between annotators, captures the ambiguity inherent in semantic annotation through the use of disagreement-aware metrics for aggregating crowdsourcing responses. Based on this principle, we have implemented the CrowdTruth framework for machine-human computation, that first introduced the disagreement-aware metrics and built a pipeline to process crowdsourcing data with these metrics.
In this paper, we apply the CrowdTruth methodology to collect data over a set of diverse tasks: medical relation extraction, Twitter event identification, news event extraction and sound interpretation. We prove that capturing disagreement is essential for acquiring a high-quality ground truth. We achieve this by comparing the quality of the data aggregated with CrowdTruth metrics with a majority vote, a method which enforces consensus among annotators. By applying our analysis over a set of diverse tasks we show that, even though ambiguity manifests differently depending on the task, our theory of inter-annotator disagreement as a property of ambiguity is generalizable.
My ESWC 2017 keynote: Disrupting the Semantic Comfort ZoneLora Aroyo
Ambiguity in interpreting signs is not a new idea, yet the vast majority of research in machine interpretation of signals such as speech, language, images, video, audio, etc., tend to ignore ambiguity. This is evidenced by the fact that metrics for quality of machine understanding rely on a ground truth, in which each instance (a sentence, a photo, a sound clip, etc) is assigned a discrete label, or set of labels, and the machine’s prediction for that instance is compared to the label to determine if it is correct. This determination yields the familiar precision, recall, accuracy, and f-measure metrics, but clearly presupposes that this determination can be made. CrowdTruth is a form of collective intelligence based on a vector representation that accommodates diverse interpretation perspectives and encourages human annotators to disagree with each other, in order to expose latent elements such as ambiguity and worker quality. In other words, CrowdTruth assumes that when annotators disagree on how to label an example, it is because the example is ambiguous, the worker isn’t doing the right thing, or the task itself is not clear. In previous work on CrowdTruth, the focus was on how the disagreement signals from low quality workers and from unclear tasks can be isolated. Recently, we observed that disagreement can also signal ambiguity. The basic hypothesis is that, if workers disagree on the correct label for an example, then it will be more difficult for a machine to classify that example. The elaborate data analysis to determine if the source of the disagreement is ambiguity supports our intuition that low clarity signals ambiguity, while high clarity sentences quite obviously express one or more of the target relations. In this talk I will share the experiences and lessons learned on the path to understanding diversity in human interpretation and the ways to capture it as ground truth to enable machines to deal with such diversity.
Data Science with Human in the Loop @Faculty of Science #Leiden UniversityLora Aroyo
Software systems are becoming ever more intelligent and more useful, but the way we interact with these machines too often reveals that they don’t actually understand people. Knowledge Representation and Semantic Web focus on the scientific challenges involved in providing human knowledge in machine-readable form. However, we observe that various types of human knowledge cannot yet be captured by machines, especially when dealing with wide ranges of real-world tasks and contexts. The key scientific challenge is to provide an approach to capturing human knowledge in a way that is scalable and adequate to real-world needs. Human Computation has begun to scientifically study how human intelligence at scale can be used to methodologically improve machine-based knowledge and data management. My research is focusing on understanding human computation for improving how machine-based systems can acquire, capture and harness human knowledge and thus become even more intelligent. In this talk I will show how the CrowdTruth framework (http://crowdtruth.org) facilitates data collection, processing and analytics of human computation knowledge.
Some project links:
- http://controcurator.org/
- http://crowdtruth.org/
- http://diveproject.beeldengeluid.nl/
- http://vu-amsterdam-web-media-group.github.io/linkflows/
Semantic Digital Humanities Workshop 2015 @OxfordLora Aroyo
Lora Aroyo presents on open, connected, and smart heritage and new cultural commons. She discusses how crowdsourcing can be used to gather diverse perspectives from users to expand expert vocabularies and gather new types of metadata. Three case studies are presented: crowdsourcing video tags at Sound and Vision, where 340,551 tags were added by 555 registered users; tagging 1,782 works of art across 11 museums, gathering 36,981 tags from 2,017 users; and the Waisda project, where user tags improved search accuracy by 53% compared to consensus tags alone.
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham HillLizaNolte
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
ScyllaDB is making a major architecture shift. We’re moving from vNode replication to tablets – fragments of tables that are distributed independently, enabling dynamic data distribution and extreme elasticity. In this keynote, ScyllaDB co-founder and CTO Avi Kivity explains the reason for this shift, provides a look at the implementation and roadmap, and shares how this shift benefits ScyllaDB users.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE RolesDianaGray10
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
Introducing BoxLang : A new JVM language for productivity and modularity!Ortus Solutions, Corp
Just like life, our code must adapt to the ever changing world we live in. From one day coding for the web, to the next for our tablets or APIs or for running serverless applications. Multi-runtime development is the future of coding, the future is to be dynamic. Let us introduce you to BoxLang.
Dynamic. Modular. Productive.
BoxLang redefines development with its dynamic nature, empowering developers to craft expressive and functional code effortlessly. Its modular architecture prioritizes flexibility, allowing for seamless integration into existing ecosystems.
Interoperability at its Core
With 100% interoperability with Java, BoxLang seamlessly bridges the gap between traditional and modern development paradigms, unlocking new possibilities for innovation and collaboration.
Multi-Runtime
From the tiny 2m operating system binary to running on our pure Java web server, CommandBox, Jakarta EE, AWS Lambda, Microsoft Functions, Web Assembly, Android and more. BoxLang has been designed to enhance and adapt according to it's runnable runtime.
The Fusion of Modernity and Tradition
Experience the fusion of modern features inspired by CFML, Node, Ruby, Kotlin, Java, and Clojure, combined with the familiarity of Java bytecode compilation, making BoxLang a language of choice for forward-thinking developers.
Empowering Transition with Transpiler Support
Transitioning from CFML to BoxLang is seamless with our JIT transpiler, facilitating smooth migration and preserving existing code investments.
Unlocking Creativity with IDE Tools
Unleash your creativity with powerful IDE tools tailored for BoxLang, providing an intuitive development experience and streamlining your workflow. Join us as we embark on a journey to redefine JVM development. Welcome to the era of BoxLang.
"NATO Hackathon Winner: AI-Powered Drug Search", Taras KlobaFwdays
This is a session that details how PostgreSQL's features and Azure AI Services can be effectively used to significantly enhance the search functionality in any application.
In this session, we'll share insights on how we used PostgreSQL to facilitate precise searches across multiple fields in our mobile application. The techniques include using LIKE and ILIKE operators and integrating a trigram-based search to handle potential misspellings, thereby increasing the search accuracy.
We'll also discuss how the azure_ai extension on PostgreSQL databases in Azure and Azure AI Services were utilized to create vectors from user input, a feature beneficial when users wish to find specific items based on text prompts. While our application's case study involves a drug search, the techniques and principles shared in this session can be adapted to improve search functionality in a wide range of applications. Join us to learn how PostgreSQL and Azure AI can be harnessed to enhance your application's search capability.
QR Secure: A Hybrid Approach Using Machine Learning and Security Validation F...AlexanderRichford
QR Secure: A Hybrid Approach Using Machine Learning and Security Validation Functions to Prevent Interaction with Malicious QR Codes.
Aim of the Study: The goal of this research was to develop a robust hybrid approach for identifying malicious and insecure URLs derived from QR codes, ensuring safe interactions.
This is achieved through:
Machine Learning Model: Predicts the likelihood of a URL being malicious.
Security Validation Functions: Ensures the derived URL has a valid certificate and proper URL format.
This innovative blend of technology aims to enhance cybersecurity measures and protect users from potential threats hidden within QR codes 🖥 🔒
This study was my first introduction to using ML which has shown me the immense potential of ML in creating more secure digital environments!
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMsSease
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
QA or the Highway - Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend appl...zjhamm304
These are the slides for the presentation, "Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend applications" that was presented at QA or the Highway 2024 in Columbus, OH by Zachary Hamm.
AI in the Workplace Reskilling, Upskilling, and Future Work.pptxSunil Jagani
Discover how AI is transforming the workplace and learn strategies for reskilling and upskilling employees to stay ahead. This comprehensive guide covers the impact of AI on jobs, essential skills for the future, and successful case studies from industry leaders. Embrace AI-driven changes, foster continuous learning, and build a future-ready workforce.
Read More - https://bit.ly/3VKly70
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
1. Social Web
Lecture III
What DATA looks like on the Social Web?
Lora Aroyo
The Network Institute
VU University Amsterdam
Monday, February 27, 12
2. What do people
contribute on
the SW?
Monday, February 27, 12
3. History & Nature
of Blogs
• Blog = weB LOG = we blog
• evolved from online diary (in the 1980’s)
• the term blog coined in late 1990’s
• one of the first ways people could contribute
content on the Web themselves
• Nature: political, technical, art, journalistic,
cultural, personal
• Software: WordPress, Blogger, LifeJournal
Monday, February 27, 12
4. Types of Blogs
• Single- or Multi-authored
• Photo-blog,Video-blog, Audio-blog
• Life (b)log, now - microlifeblog (twitter)
• lifecasting: in 2007 by Justin Kan: webcam on a cap
• Gordon Bell MyLifeBits: Microsoft SenseCam
http://www.justin.tv/
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mylifebits/
Monday, February 27, 12
5. Question?
Why has microblogging (eg Twitter) taken over the
popularity from more traditional blogs?
Monday, February 27, 12
6. Wikis
• Wiki in Hawaiian meaning fast/quick
• "the simplest online database that could
possibly work" (Ward Cunningham), 1995
• first wiki software: WikiWikiWeb (the
QuickWeb)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward_Cunningham
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiWikiWeb
Monday, February 27, 12
7. Wiki Features
• a website powered by wiki software
• created and maintained collaboratively by multiple users
= an ongoing process that constantly changes the site
• not a carefully crafted site for casual visitors
• users can add, modify or delete content
• to obtain meaningful topic associations between
different pages, page link creation is easy
• Examples: community websites, corporate intranets,
knowledge management systems, and note taking
Monday, February 27, 12
8. Wiki Implementation
• as an application server that runs on one or more web servers
• content is stored in a file system, and changes to the content
are stored in a relational database management system
• commonly implemented software package is MediaWiki
(known from Wikipedia)
• pages structure & formatting: simplified markup language
(wikitext)
• style & syntax of wikitexts vary among wiki implementations
(some also allow HTMLtags or use WYSIWYG editing)
• Issues: control of editing & changes, trust & security
Monday, February 27, 12
10. Question?
Blogging and wikis are examples of '(lay) users
publishing content'.
What are requirements to make this publishing effective?
Monday, February 27, 12
12. Exploiting the crowd
• in the wiki applications crowd
contributes with collective
intelligence (textual)
• later other media & recourses
emerged, e.g. photo, video, music
• crowdsourcing
Monday, February 27, 12
13. Why crowdsourcing?
• many tedious and time-consuming tasks
• professional results not always complete
• professionals (experts) are few & expensive
• professionals do not always know the needs, the
language and the perspectives of the users
• people have wide range of hobbies and detailed
knowledge
• people have time
Monday, February 27, 12
14. Example
• in 1760 Wolfgang von Kempelen designed The Turk
• in 2005 Amazon introduced the Amazon Mechanical Turk
• marketplace for work; people perform tasks computers are
lousy at, e.g. identifying items in a photo/video, writing
product descriptions, transcribing podcasts
• organized work
• HITs = human intelligence tasks
• require very little time & offer very little compensation
• workers & requesters
Monday, February 27, 12
15. 5 Rules of the New
Labor Pool
• The crowd is dispersed and can perform a range
of tasks – from the most rote to the highly specialized
• The crowd has a short attention span, so jobs
need to be broken into “micro-chunks”
• The crowd is full of specialists
• The crowd produces mostly crap - no increase in
the amount of talent – the challenge is to find and
leverage that talent
• The crowd finds the best stuff - finds the best
material and corrects errors
By Jeff Howe
Monday, February 27, 12
16. Question?
Was the $1 million Netflix prize a victory for crowdsourcing?
Monday, February 27, 12
17. Question?
Crowdsourcing is about exploiting collective effort or
collective intelligence.
What are aspects that make it now much more applicable
than before?
Monday, February 27, 12
20. Structure on the Web
• In the evolution of the Web, Semantic Web
refers to an approach to add ‘semantics’ to
the web, by naming terms in a domain
• A specification of such terms is called an
‘ontology’
• For software: ontologies help to effectively
use content on the Web (like DB schemas)
Monday, February 27, 12
21. Folksonomy
• On the social web the user-generated content is
organized in light-weight ontologies, i.e. folksonomies
• Community-based semantics = a relationship between
Users,Tags & Resources
• user-created, bottom-up classification/categorization
of (domain) terms / user-labels, e.g. tags
• tagging = the social process where lay users attach
labels to resources (as opposed to annotation by
professional experts)
Monday, February 27, 12
30. • cleaning messy data
• transforming data from one format to another
• fetching missing data
Monday, February 27, 12
31. Question?
Folksonomies typically show the relationships between users,
tags and resources.
Can you think of ways to aggregate user-tag-resource combinations
to get more concise and therefore more meaningful folksonomies?
Monday, February 27, 12
33. Vocabularies on the
(Social) Web
• to create interfaces or exchange data
between applications the software needs to
know the terms in the data
• vocabularies define set of terms in a certain
domain, e.g. describing people, relationships,
content of different type
Monday, February 27, 12
34. FOAF
• FOAF = Friend of a Friend
• a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their
activities & their relations to other people and objects
• an open, decentralized technology for connecting social Web
sites, & the people they describe
• http://www.foaf-project.org/
• Create your own FOAF file:
http://www.ldodds.com/foaf/foaf-a-matic
Monday, February 27, 12
35. FOAF Vocabulary
• Gradual evolution since mid-2000
• Stable core of classes and properties that will
not be changed
• New terms may be added at any time
• FOAF RDF namespace URI is fixed
• http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/
Monday, February 27, 12
36. FOAF Files
• Text documents, that adopt the conventions of RDF and
may be written in XML, RDFa or N3
• Contain FOAF vocabulary and other RDF vocabularies
• FOAF defines classes, e.g. foaf:Person,
foaf:Document, foaf:Image
• FOAF defines properties of those things, e.g.
foaf:name, foaf:mbox (i.e. an internet mailbox),
foaf:homepage
• FOAF defines relationship that hold between
members of these categories, e.g. foaf:depiction relates
something (e.g. a foaf:Person) to a foaf:Image
Monday, February 27, 12
37. Linked Data & FOAF
• model for publishing simple factual data
via a networked of linked RDF
documents
• FOAF is an attempt to use the Web to:
• integrate factual information with
information in human-oriented
documents (e.g. videos, books,
spreadsheets, 3d models)
• and info that is still in people's
heads
• linking networks of information with
networks of people
Monday, February 27, 12
38. FOAF Example
• there is a foaf:Person
• with a foaf:name property of 'Dan Brickley'
• in foaf:homepage and foaf:openid relationships to a thing called http://danbri.org/
• in foaf:img relationship to a thing referenced by a relative URI of /images/me.jpg
Monday, February 27, 12
39. FOAF Auto-Discovery
• If you publish a FOAF self-description (e.g. using
foaf-a-matic) you can make it easier for tools to
find your FOAF by putting markup in the head of
your HTML homepage
• Common filename foaf.rdf is a common choice
Monday, February 27, 12
42. SIOC
• Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
• a standard way for expressing user-generated content, i.e.
enable the integration of online community information
• methods for interconnecting discussions, e.g. blogs, forums &
mailing lists
• Semantic Web ontology for representing rich data from the
Social Web in RDF
• commonly used in conjunction with the FOAF vocabulary
for expressing personal profile and social networking
information
• http://sioc-project.org/
Monday, February 27, 12
43. <sioc:Post rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/2006/09/07/creating-connections"> 1
<dc:title>Creating connections between discussion clouds with SIOC</dc:title>
2 <dcterms:created>2006-09-07T09:33:30Z</dcterms:created>
<sioc:has_container rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/index.php?sioc_type=site#weblog"/>
<sioc:has_creator>
<sioc:UserAccount rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/author/cloud/" rdfs:label="Cloud"> 3
6 <rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/index.php?sioc_type=user&sioc_id=1"/>
</sioc:UserAccount>
</sioc:has_creator>
<foaf:maker rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/author/cloud/#foaf"/>
<sioc:content>SIOC provides a unified vocabulary for content and interaction description: a semantic la
that can co-exist with existing discussion platforms. 5
</sioc:content>
4 <sioc:topic rdfs:label="Semantic Web" rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/category/semantic-web/"/>
<sioc:topic rdfs:label="Blogs" rdf:resource="http://jbreslin.com/blog/category/blogs/"/>
7 <sioc:has_reply>
<sioc:Post rdf:about="http://jbreslin.com/blog/2006/09/07/creating-connections/#comment-123928">
<rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://johnbreslin.com/blog/index.php?
sioc_type=comment&sioc_id=123928"/> 8
</sioc:Post>
</sioc:has_reply>
</sioc:Post>
• A post (1) titled "Creating connections between discussion clouds with SIOC" (2)
created at 09:33:30 on 2006-09-07 (3) written by user "Cloud" (4) on topics
"Blogs" and "Semantic Web" (5) with contents described in sioc:content.
• (6) More information about its author at http://johnbreslin.com/blog/
index.php?sioc_type=user&sioc_id=1
• The post has a (7) reply and (8) detailed SIOC information about this reply can be
found at http://johnbreslin.com/blog/index.php?
sioc_type=comment&sioc_id=123928
Monday, February 27, 12
46. Activity Streams
• A list of recent activities performed by someone on a
website
• Example: Facebook News Feed
• Activity Streams project aims is to develop an activity
stream protocol to syndicate activities across social Web
applications
• Major websites with activity stream implementations have
already opened up their activity streams to developers to use,
e.g. Facebook and MySpace
• http://activitystrea.ms/
Monday, February 27, 12
47. Activity Streams
Specification
• an actor, a verb, an object and a target
• person performing an action on/with an object
• Geraldine posted a photo to her album
• John shared a video
• activity metadata to present to a user in a rich human-friendly
format, e.g. constructing readable sentences about the activity
that occurred, visual representations of the activity, or
combining similar activities for display
• Activities are serialized using the JSON format
• There is also an ATOM-oriented specification
Monday, February 27, 12
48. Activity Streams
Example
http://activitystrea.ms/specs/json/1.0/
Monday, February 27, 12
49. Activity Streams
Example
http://activitystrea.ms/specs/json/1.0/
Monday, February 27, 12
50. Activity Streams
Example
http://activitystrea.ms/specs/json/1.0/
Monday, February 27, 12
52. XFN
• Xhtml Friends Network
• relationships between individuals: by defining a small set of values that
describe personal relationships
• In HTML and XHTML documents, these are given as values for the
rel attribute on a hyperlink. XFN allows authors to indicate which of
the weblogs they read belong to friends, whom they've physically
met, and other personal relationships. Using XFN values, which can
be listed in any order, people can humanize their blogrolls and links
pages, both of which have become a common feature of weblogs.
• using XFN can easily style all links of a particular type; thus, friends
could be boldfaced, co-workers italicized, etc.
• http://gmpg.org/xfn/
Monday, February 27, 12
53. XFN Example
• Joe has a set of five links in his blogroll: his girlfriend
Jane; his friends Dave and Darryl; industry expert James,
who Joe briefly met once at a conference; and
MetaFilter.
• MetaFilter gets no value since it is not an actual person
http://gmpg.org/xfn/intro
Monday, February 27, 12
54. 5 people who’ve met
friends vs. acquaintances
colleagues vs. co-workers love vs. family
http://gmpg.org/xfn/intro
Monday, February 27, 12
55. Open Graph
• protocol originally developed in Facebook
• enables web pages to become a rich object in a social graph, i.e. any
web page to have the same functionality as any other object on
Facebook
• Basic Metadata: to turn your web pages into graph objects
• og:title = title of your object e.g., "The Rock"
• og:type = type of your object e.g.,
"video.movie"
• og:image = image URL to represent your object
within the graph
• og:url = canonical URL of your object that will
be used as its permanent ID in the graph, e.g.,
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0117500/"
Monday, February 27, 12
56. OGP: Explained
• “Like” button on each of your posts
• Open Graph Protocol to mark up content OGP:
• prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" specifies the OGP
vocabulary
Monday, February 27, 12
57. OGP Explained
1. import the Dublin Core & Open Graph
Protocol vocabularies using the
prefix attribute
2. associate a prefix, dc and og with the
URL for each vocabulary
3. use dc:creator and og:title,
which are short-hand for the full
vocabulary term URLs http://
purl.org/dc/creator/creator
and http://ogp.me/ns#title,
respectively
Monday, February 27, 12
59. RDFa
• another syntax for RDF
• embedded in HTML, e.g. specify that a text is the name of a
product = “adding semantic markup”.
• initially specified only for XHTML
• RDFa 1.1 = specified for XHTML and HTML5 (for any XML-
based language, e.g. SVG)
• RDFa Lite = “a small subset of RDFa consisting of a few attributes
that may be applied to most simple to moderate structured data
markup tasks.”
• Publish your data as Linked Data through RDFa --> link to other
URIs (others can link to your HTML+RDFa)
Monday, February 27, 12
60. Why RDFa?
• data can be easily shared & reused (no need of maintaining the raw
structured data in a separate file in a separate format)
• RDFa processors can easily extract all the structured data from a
webpage
• search engines
• Yahoo was a pioneer in this area, starting with Search Monkey
• Google started with Rich Snippets
• Recently, Google,Yahoo, Bing --> Schema.org
• recommendation for publishers on how to semantically
markup their webpages
• Google Recipe = what can be done with structured data on the web
Monday, February 27, 12
61. Microformats
• a set of simple, open data formats built upon
existing and widely adopted standards
• Designed for humans first and machines second
• Design principles for formats
• Highly correlated with semantic XHTML (aka
the real world semantics, lowercase semantic web,
lossless XHTML)
• “An evolutionary revolution”
Monday, February 27, 12
63. Your first microformat
• You can put a microformat on your website in less than 5 mins
• Example: putting an hCard (online business card) on your site
1. Find your name somewhere on your website
2. Wrap your name in an fn (formatted name)
<span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span>
3. Wrap it all in a vcard (declares that everything inside is the hCard microformat):
<span class="vcard"><span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span></span>
<address class="vcard"><span class="fn">Jamie Jones</span></address>
The address element indicates that the person in the hCard is the contact for the page
<p class="vcard">My name is <span class="fn">Jamie Jones</
span> I dig microformats!</p>
http://microformats.org/get-started
Monday, February 27, 12
64. Further microformats
• Add more information to your hCard
• Link to your friends and contacts with XFN
• Add events to your site with hCalendar
• Review movies, books, and more with hReview
http://microformats.org/get-started
Monday, February 27, 12
65. HTML Microdata
• HTML Microdata allows machine-readable
data to be embedded in HTML documents in an
easy-to-write manner, with an unambiguous
parsing model
• It is compatible with numerous other data
formats including RDF and JSON
• Microdata DOM API
• http://www.w3.org/TR/microdata/
Monday, February 27, 12
66. Microdata Syntax
• Microdata consists of a group of name-value pairs.
The groups are called items, and each name-value
pair is a property
• itemscope is used to create an item
• itemprop is used to add a property to an item
Monday, February 27, 12
67. Microdata Example
3 properties
URL
Time
top-level
Monday, February 27, 12
68. Question?
We have seen many approaches to 'organizing' embedded
semantics, e.g. RDFa, Microformats, schema.org.
All these are driven by different parties and motives. How do
you think this is best organized?
Monday, February 27, 12
69. Question?
For which things on the social web would more vocabularies
for embedded semantics be needed (besides what we have
already seen)?
Monday, February 27, 12
70. Hands-on Teaser
• mining data in various social web
formats
• see the differences in what each of the
formats can contain & what purpose
they serve
• start: simple search where we pull in
some XFN data and visualise a graph of
people that we find on a website
• check: software you will be working
with on the website
image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bionicteaching/1375254387/
Monday, February 27, 12