TNS provides telecommunication and network services to support voice, video, and data connectivity across campus. Key projects for 2005 include replacing the campus telephone system, upgrading switches, expanding high-speed network access to university apartments, and refreshing aging network equipment to support faster speeds and new technologies. TNS aims to reliably deliver quality communication services while recovering costs through user fees and maintaining infrastructure with capital funding.
Radio frequency optimization of mobile networks in abeokuta, nigeria for impr...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Optimal Rate Allocation and Lost Packet Retransmission in Video StreamingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on optimal rate allocation and lost packet retransmission for video streaming over wireless networks. It discusses challenges including calculating desired transmission rates based on network conditions, scaling video output rates, and differentiating between packet loss due to congestion versus link errors. A block diagram is presented showing the transmission system, including a link adaptation scheme to adjust transmission parameters based on channel feedback. Formulas are provided for an affine function used in the rate allocation algorithm. Finally, graphs are proposed to evaluate the packet delivery ratio achieved by different streaming approaches.
The document discusses updates and changes to the E-Rate program for funding years 2016 and beyond. Key points include:
- More school districts will be eligible for E-Rate funding and internal connections are now an eligible funding category.
- Schools will have a 5-year budget of $150 per student for eligible internal connection products and services.
- Discount rates are increasing for many schools, especially those with higher percentages of students eligible for the national school lunch program.
- Funding for category 1 and 2 services is expected to be fully funded for funding year 2016 with unused funds from previous years.
The document discusses measures taken by Hong Kong's Office of the Communications Authority to promote transparency in broadband internet access services. It summarizes that there are 191 internet service providers and five major fixed and mobile network operators providing broadband access. It then describes initiatives to (1) register buildings with fiber infrastructure, (2) require operators to publish performance pledges, (3) issue fair usage policy guidelines, and (4) provide online and mobile speed test tools, in order to help consumers make informed choices about broadband services and plans. The overall aim is to enhance transparency, competition, and quality of broadband services in Hong Kong.
Power lines can be used to transmit data through a technology called Power Line Telecommunications (PLT). PLT takes advantage of the fact that power lines already connect to nearly every building. It provides new services like remote electricity meter reading and broadband internet that are difficult for other technologies to implement. While power lines offer widespread connectivity and support growing information services, PLT has seen limited adoption due to a lack of standardization, unclear business incentives, and some interference and security concerns. Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) sends high-speed internet over power lines either within a home or as the main access method, but can face problems with equipment interference and responsibility for radio disruptions. More development is still needed to improve PLT
Application-Based QoS Evaluation of Heterogeneous Networks csandit
Heterogeneous wireless networks expand the network capacity and coverage by leveraging the
network architecture and resources in a dynamic fashion. However, the presence of different
communication technologies makes the Quality of Service (QoS) evaluation, management, and
monitoring of these networks very challenging. Each communication technology has its own
characteristics while the applications that utilize them have their specific QoS requirements.
Although, the communication technologies have different performance assessment parameters,
the applications using these radio access networks have the same QoS requirements. As a
result, it would be easier to evaluate the QoS of the access networks and the overall network
configuration depending on the performance of applications running on them. Using such
application-based QoS evaluation approach, the heterogeneous nature of the underlying
networks and the diversity of their traffic can be adequately taken into account. In this paper,
we propose an application-based QoS evaluation approach for heterogeneous networks.
Through simulation studies, we show that this assessment approach facilitates better QoS
management and monitoring of heterogeneous network configurations.
This document is a training report submitted by Jatin Kumar, a student at B.S. Anangpuria Institute of Technology and Management, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The report provides an overview of the student's training at Electronics Niketan, under the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, Government of India. It includes acknowledgments, a table of contents, and sections on the company profile, an introduction to cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access, the history and background leading to cognitive radio, basic concepts of cognitive radio, and future applications.
Radio frequency optimization of mobile networks in abeokuta, nigeria for impr...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Optimal Rate Allocation and Lost Packet Retransmission in Video StreamingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on optimal rate allocation and lost packet retransmission for video streaming over wireless networks. It discusses challenges including calculating desired transmission rates based on network conditions, scaling video output rates, and differentiating between packet loss due to congestion versus link errors. A block diagram is presented showing the transmission system, including a link adaptation scheme to adjust transmission parameters based on channel feedback. Formulas are provided for an affine function used in the rate allocation algorithm. Finally, graphs are proposed to evaluate the packet delivery ratio achieved by different streaming approaches.
The document discusses updates and changes to the E-Rate program for funding years 2016 and beyond. Key points include:
- More school districts will be eligible for E-Rate funding and internal connections are now an eligible funding category.
- Schools will have a 5-year budget of $150 per student for eligible internal connection products and services.
- Discount rates are increasing for many schools, especially those with higher percentages of students eligible for the national school lunch program.
- Funding for category 1 and 2 services is expected to be fully funded for funding year 2016 with unused funds from previous years.
The document discusses measures taken by Hong Kong's Office of the Communications Authority to promote transparency in broadband internet access services. It summarizes that there are 191 internet service providers and five major fixed and mobile network operators providing broadband access. It then describes initiatives to (1) register buildings with fiber infrastructure, (2) require operators to publish performance pledges, (3) issue fair usage policy guidelines, and (4) provide online and mobile speed test tools, in order to help consumers make informed choices about broadband services and plans. The overall aim is to enhance transparency, competition, and quality of broadband services in Hong Kong.
Power lines can be used to transmit data through a technology called Power Line Telecommunications (PLT). PLT takes advantage of the fact that power lines already connect to nearly every building. It provides new services like remote electricity meter reading and broadband internet that are difficult for other technologies to implement. While power lines offer widespread connectivity and support growing information services, PLT has seen limited adoption due to a lack of standardization, unclear business incentives, and some interference and security concerns. Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) sends high-speed internet over power lines either within a home or as the main access method, but can face problems with equipment interference and responsibility for radio disruptions. More development is still needed to improve PLT
Application-Based QoS Evaluation of Heterogeneous Networks csandit
Heterogeneous wireless networks expand the network capacity and coverage by leveraging the
network architecture and resources in a dynamic fashion. However, the presence of different
communication technologies makes the Quality of Service (QoS) evaluation, management, and
monitoring of these networks very challenging. Each communication technology has its own
characteristics while the applications that utilize them have their specific QoS requirements.
Although, the communication technologies have different performance assessment parameters,
the applications using these radio access networks have the same QoS requirements. As a
result, it would be easier to evaluate the QoS of the access networks and the overall network
configuration depending on the performance of applications running on them. Using such
application-based QoS evaluation approach, the heterogeneous nature of the underlying
networks and the diversity of their traffic can be adequately taken into account. In this paper,
we propose an application-based QoS evaluation approach for heterogeneous networks.
Through simulation studies, we show that this assessment approach facilitates better QoS
management and monitoring of heterogeneous network configurations.
This document is a training report submitted by Jatin Kumar, a student at B.S. Anangpuria Institute of Technology and Management, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering. The report provides an overview of the student's training at Electronics Niketan, under the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, Government of India. It includes acknowledgments, a table of contents, and sections on the company profile, an introduction to cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access, the history and background leading to cognitive radio, basic concepts of cognitive radio, and future applications.
IRJET- Internet Video Streaming Service for Social NetworkIRJET Journal
This document presents a system for internet video streaming service for social networks. It aims to improve quality of service for video streaming on mobile devices by developing an adaptive streaming method using a Markov Decision Process. The system uses Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) to store multiple compressed video versions at different resolutions and qualities in segments. It formulates the multi-link video streaming as a reinforcement learning task and models it as a finite state Markov Decision Process. An algorithm is proposed to find near-optimal solutions in real-time to select the best video quality based on factors like bandwidth, buffer occupancy, and device resolution to improve streaming performance metrics while saving network bandwidth and costs. The system was tested using an Android emulator and Scalable Video
This document summarizes experiences using Wi-Fi for rural connectivity projects in India. It discusses three projects - the Aravind Telemedicine Network, Digital Gangetic Plains project, and Ashwini project. The key aspects of deploying long-distance Wi-Fi networks discussed are network planning and deployment, network protocols, network management and operations, power savings, and applications and services. Network planning is especially important for cost optimization given infrastructure costs for towers, and involves determining tower locations, heights, network topology, antenna types, transmit powers, and channels of operation.
This document discusses how to monetize 4G LTE networks through various revenue streams. It outlines a 4-phase LTE lifecycle including network planning, rollout, market rollout, and monetization. Potential revenue arms of monetization include offering fixed broadband services to meet bandwidth demands, expanding beyond consumer segments for fixed services, leveraging value-added services (VAS) like mobile apps, and bundling the right offerings to own the user experience. Diameter routing technology can help optimize signaling traffic and enable interworking between networks to support these monetization strategies.
Big changes are coming to E-rate, the federal program that provides discounts to assist schools and public libraries in the United States to obtain affordable Internet access and Connections. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted the E-rate Modernization Order on July 11, 2014. The Order takes major steps to modernize and streamline the E-rate program and focuses on expanding funding for Broadband and WiFi Internet Access. In part to accomplish this, funding for Voice Services (telephone) will be gradually phased out.
What does your library need to know to prepare for these changes? In this workshop, Christa Burns, Nebraska’s State E-rate Coordinator for Libraries, will cover the basics of E-rate and explain the changes that will be made to the program for Funding Year 2015 and beyond.
This is the presentation for the seventh session of a workshop CTO developed on the Management of Universal Service Access Funds (USAFs), held in Cameroon. It analyses interventions and the formats of existing USAFs and presents the best practices in the processes.
Last mile mobile hybrid optical wireless access network routing enhancementjournalBEEI
This study focuses on mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) that support Internet routing protocol imposing stringent resource consumption constraints of Quality of service (QoS). The mobile Internet causes the ongoing issue of inefficient use of the MANET resources due to its random nature of wireless environments. In this paper, the new improved architecture of the last mile mobile hybrid optical-wireless access network (adLMMHOWAN) is proposed and designed to tackle the arised issues. The proposed design is based on a unified wireless-wired network solution required the deployment of MANET-based wireless fidelity (WiFi) technology at the wireless front-end and wavelengths division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM PON) at the optical backhaul. The critical performance metrics such as network capacity and energy consumption based on modified AODVUU routing protocol using OMNeT++ software is analyzed with 2 scenarios, namely the number of nodes and mobility speed. This mode of communication results in better QoS network capacity of 47.07% improvement, with 26.85% reduction of lower energy resource consumption for mobile wireless front-end over passive optical network backhaul architecture when compared with the existing work of oRiq scheme that focus on improvement in MANETs.
The document outlines the requirements and goals for 4G mobile communication systems, which aim to provide faster and more advanced wireless access. It discusses how 4G systems will need to support broadband speeds of 100Mbps for outdoor use and gigabit speeds indoors, with low latency of less than 50ms. This will allow for enhanced multimedia applications like high-quality video calling and 3D communications. The document also examines trends in standardization to develop a technical solution and build international consensus for 4G networks.
This document provides an overview of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India's state-owned telecommunications company. It discusses BSNL's services, the basic workings of a telecommunications network including call setup and network components. It also summarizes key networking concepts like CDMA, GSM, fiber optics, IP addressing, and the OSI model. The document is intended as an industrial training seminar on BSNL submitted by a student.
This document discusses various options for enabling voice services over LTE networks, including adopting existing VoIP solutions, using dual-radio devices to support voice on legacy networks simultaneously with LTE data, circuit-switched fallback which switches between LTE and legacy networks for voice, and voice over LTE via generic access which tunnels legacy call signaling over LTE without leaving the LTE network. It covers the requirements, advantages, and disadvantages of each approach.
This document discusses various options for enabling voice services over LTE networks, including adopting existing VoIP solutions from fixed broadband, using dual-radio "simultaneous voice and LTE" devices, circuit-switched fallback which switches between LTE and legacy networks for calls, and voice over LTE via generic access which tunnels legacy call signaling over LTE without leaving the LTE network. It notes subscriber requirements like replicated telephony services, quality, and ubiquity, as well as carrier requirements like efficiency, complexity, and cost. The options are evaluated based on factors like support for services, quality of service, battery life, control by carriers, and infrastructure requirements.
The document discusses quality of service (QoS) interoperability and policy management across mobile network domains to enable roaming services. It recommends deploying a policy management framework based on 3GPP Release 7 standards to exchange QoS and service policies between operators. A minimum set of QoS features should be standardized in packet cores, transport networks, and radio access networks to support real-time roaming services like video calling. The policy framework would allow operators to maintain control over their own networks while providing home-like services to roaming subscribers through policy exchanges between visited and home networks.
This document provides information about Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), the largest telecommunication company in India. It discusses BSNL's history, services offered, revenues, and recent agreements. It also describes the basic workings of a telecommunication network, including call setup between landlines and mobiles. Key components of the network like telephone exchanges, transmission systems, and technologies like GSM, CDMA, and optical fibers are explained at a high level.
In this paper we discuss about how to increase the reliability, energy-efficiency in a wireless sensor network. Since energy saving has become the top factor on demand due to the increasing multimedia services in mobile devices. The existing batteries unfortunately do not provide the desirable lifetime. Therefore reducing energy consumption has become very crucial factor in all the tasks the mobile devices perform. This work presents an Opportunistic Routing Protocol, which supports energy consumption by increasing the networks performance and also providing reliability to the wireless sensor networks.
To present fundamental concepts of 3G technologies that will
enable senior managers and other staff members to make
informed decisions about their 3G deployments and understand
regulatory policy framework. To introduce the fundamentals
of 3G to give attendees a broad grasp of the key engineering,
commercial and regulatory principles.
Industrial training at BSNL RTTC Lucknowshivaji yadav
1) BSNL is a state-owned telecom company that provides various telecommunication services across India including landline, broadband, internet, cellular networks, and more using technologies like GSM, CDMA, WiMAX, and fiber.
2) It operates extensive telecom infrastructure including exchanges, transmission networks, towers, and plays a key role in expanding telecom connectivity across both urban and rural areas of India as per government policies.
3) The training document provided an overview of BSNL's services and the technologies used to provide services like cellular networks, broadband, and internet through explanations of concepts like GSM, CDMA, optical fiber networks, and more.
The document provides information about Muhammad Muzammil and his role at National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC) in Islamabad, Pakistan. It then summarizes NTC's profile, including its establishment in 1996 to meet government communication needs, initial infrastructure of 5 exchanges and analog microwave, and ongoing upgrades to its fiber backbone, switching network, billing system, and multi-service data network. Current services offered by NTC include telephone, internet, intranet solutions, and wireless local loop services.
Communications Asymmetry, Classification of Data Delivery Mechanisms, Data Dissemination, Broadcast Models, Selective Tuning and Indexing Methods, Data Synchronization – Introduction, Software, and Protocols
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
IRJET- Internet Video Streaming Service for Social NetworkIRJET Journal
This document presents a system for internet video streaming service for social networks. It aims to improve quality of service for video streaming on mobile devices by developing an adaptive streaming method using a Markov Decision Process. The system uses Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) to store multiple compressed video versions at different resolutions and qualities in segments. It formulates the multi-link video streaming as a reinforcement learning task and models it as a finite state Markov Decision Process. An algorithm is proposed to find near-optimal solutions in real-time to select the best video quality based on factors like bandwidth, buffer occupancy, and device resolution to improve streaming performance metrics while saving network bandwidth and costs. The system was tested using an Android emulator and Scalable Video
This document summarizes experiences using Wi-Fi for rural connectivity projects in India. It discusses three projects - the Aravind Telemedicine Network, Digital Gangetic Plains project, and Ashwini project. The key aspects of deploying long-distance Wi-Fi networks discussed are network planning and deployment, network protocols, network management and operations, power savings, and applications and services. Network planning is especially important for cost optimization given infrastructure costs for towers, and involves determining tower locations, heights, network topology, antenna types, transmit powers, and channels of operation.
This document discusses how to monetize 4G LTE networks through various revenue streams. It outlines a 4-phase LTE lifecycle including network planning, rollout, market rollout, and monetization. Potential revenue arms of monetization include offering fixed broadband services to meet bandwidth demands, expanding beyond consumer segments for fixed services, leveraging value-added services (VAS) like mobile apps, and bundling the right offerings to own the user experience. Diameter routing technology can help optimize signaling traffic and enable interworking between networks to support these monetization strategies.
Big changes are coming to E-rate, the federal program that provides discounts to assist schools and public libraries in the United States to obtain affordable Internet access and Connections. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted the E-rate Modernization Order on July 11, 2014. The Order takes major steps to modernize and streamline the E-rate program and focuses on expanding funding for Broadband and WiFi Internet Access. In part to accomplish this, funding for Voice Services (telephone) will be gradually phased out.
What does your library need to know to prepare for these changes? In this workshop, Christa Burns, Nebraska’s State E-rate Coordinator for Libraries, will cover the basics of E-rate and explain the changes that will be made to the program for Funding Year 2015 and beyond.
This is the presentation for the seventh session of a workshop CTO developed on the Management of Universal Service Access Funds (USAFs), held in Cameroon. It analyses interventions and the formats of existing USAFs and presents the best practices in the processes.
Last mile mobile hybrid optical wireless access network routing enhancementjournalBEEI
This study focuses on mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) that support Internet routing protocol imposing stringent resource consumption constraints of Quality of service (QoS). The mobile Internet causes the ongoing issue of inefficient use of the MANET resources due to its random nature of wireless environments. In this paper, the new improved architecture of the last mile mobile hybrid optical-wireless access network (adLMMHOWAN) is proposed and designed to tackle the arised issues. The proposed design is based on a unified wireless-wired network solution required the deployment of MANET-based wireless fidelity (WiFi) technology at the wireless front-end and wavelengths division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM PON) at the optical backhaul. The critical performance metrics such as network capacity and energy consumption based on modified AODVUU routing protocol using OMNeT++ software is analyzed with 2 scenarios, namely the number of nodes and mobility speed. This mode of communication results in better QoS network capacity of 47.07% improvement, with 26.85% reduction of lower energy resource consumption for mobile wireless front-end over passive optical network backhaul architecture when compared with the existing work of oRiq scheme that focus on improvement in MANETs.
The document outlines the requirements and goals for 4G mobile communication systems, which aim to provide faster and more advanced wireless access. It discusses how 4G systems will need to support broadband speeds of 100Mbps for outdoor use and gigabit speeds indoors, with low latency of less than 50ms. This will allow for enhanced multimedia applications like high-quality video calling and 3D communications. The document also examines trends in standardization to develop a technical solution and build international consensus for 4G networks.
This document provides an overview of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India's state-owned telecommunications company. It discusses BSNL's services, the basic workings of a telecommunications network including call setup and network components. It also summarizes key networking concepts like CDMA, GSM, fiber optics, IP addressing, and the OSI model. The document is intended as an industrial training seminar on BSNL submitted by a student.
This document discusses various options for enabling voice services over LTE networks, including adopting existing VoIP solutions, using dual-radio devices to support voice on legacy networks simultaneously with LTE data, circuit-switched fallback which switches between LTE and legacy networks for voice, and voice over LTE via generic access which tunnels legacy call signaling over LTE without leaving the LTE network. It covers the requirements, advantages, and disadvantages of each approach.
This document discusses various options for enabling voice services over LTE networks, including adopting existing VoIP solutions from fixed broadband, using dual-radio "simultaneous voice and LTE" devices, circuit-switched fallback which switches between LTE and legacy networks for calls, and voice over LTE via generic access which tunnels legacy call signaling over LTE without leaving the LTE network. It notes subscriber requirements like replicated telephony services, quality, and ubiquity, as well as carrier requirements like efficiency, complexity, and cost. The options are evaluated based on factors like support for services, quality of service, battery life, control by carriers, and infrastructure requirements.
The document discusses quality of service (QoS) interoperability and policy management across mobile network domains to enable roaming services. It recommends deploying a policy management framework based on 3GPP Release 7 standards to exchange QoS and service policies between operators. A minimum set of QoS features should be standardized in packet cores, transport networks, and radio access networks to support real-time roaming services like video calling. The policy framework would allow operators to maintain control over their own networks while providing home-like services to roaming subscribers through policy exchanges between visited and home networks.
This document provides information about Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), the largest telecommunication company in India. It discusses BSNL's history, services offered, revenues, and recent agreements. It also describes the basic workings of a telecommunication network, including call setup between landlines and mobiles. Key components of the network like telephone exchanges, transmission systems, and technologies like GSM, CDMA, and optical fibers are explained at a high level.
In this paper we discuss about how to increase the reliability, energy-efficiency in a wireless sensor network. Since energy saving has become the top factor on demand due to the increasing multimedia services in mobile devices. The existing batteries unfortunately do not provide the desirable lifetime. Therefore reducing energy consumption has become very crucial factor in all the tasks the mobile devices perform. This work presents an Opportunistic Routing Protocol, which supports energy consumption by increasing the networks performance and also providing reliability to the wireless sensor networks.
To present fundamental concepts of 3G technologies that will
enable senior managers and other staff members to make
informed decisions about their 3G deployments and understand
regulatory policy framework. To introduce the fundamentals
of 3G to give attendees a broad grasp of the key engineering,
commercial and regulatory principles.
Industrial training at BSNL RTTC Lucknowshivaji yadav
1) BSNL is a state-owned telecom company that provides various telecommunication services across India including landline, broadband, internet, cellular networks, and more using technologies like GSM, CDMA, WiMAX, and fiber.
2) It operates extensive telecom infrastructure including exchanges, transmission networks, towers, and plays a key role in expanding telecom connectivity across both urban and rural areas of India as per government policies.
3) The training document provided an overview of BSNL's services and the technologies used to provide services like cellular networks, broadband, and internet through explanations of concepts like GSM, CDMA, optical fiber networks, and more.
The document provides information about Muhammad Muzammil and his role at National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC) in Islamabad, Pakistan. It then summarizes NTC's profile, including its establishment in 1996 to meet government communication needs, initial infrastructure of 5 exchanges and analog microwave, and ongoing upgrades to its fiber backbone, switching network, billing system, and multi-service data network. Current services offered by NTC include telephone, internet, intranet solutions, and wireless local loop services.
Communications Asymmetry, Classification of Data Delivery Mechanisms, Data Dissemination, Broadcast Models, Selective Tuning and Indexing Methods, Data Synchronization – Introduction, Software, and Protocols
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides information to help readers consider factors when buying a home. It discusses 4 reasons to buy a home now such as projected rises in home prices and mortgage interest rates. It emphasizes the importance of using a real estate professional when buying a home to navigate the process smoothly. The document also outlines demands buyers should make of their agents, such as finding the right home and removing challenges. Finally, it presents perspectives on the future of home prices, interest rates, the mortgage process, and the financial benefits of homeownership.
The document summarizes a program called "Girls Leading Girls in Science" that aimed to encourage fifth grade girls from Title 1 schools to pursue STEM careers. The program matched the girls with female STEM mentors who communicated via email. They were then invited to Belmont Abbey College, where they participated in a hands-on science lesson on recycling, toured the campus, attended a college STEM class with their mentor, and had a luncheon networking with women in STEM careers.
Turkey is located in the Middle East and is bordered by 8 countries. It has over 630 cities and is surrounded by different seas. The cuisine of Turkey varies by region and often uses herbs, with some dishes named after regions both within and outside of Turkey. Islam is the most widely practiced religion in Turkey, though other religions are also allowed under the country's freedom of religion. Over 100 festivals are celebrated annually in Turkey, with many held in Istanbul during the summer months, including the Festival of Sugar and Rock'n Coke.
The document summarizes enhancements made to Motorola ECU's network infrastructure to improve business continuity. It identified that a single connection point was a risk, so the network was redesigned with multiple providers and connection types including wireless broadband. This provided redundant connectivity, increased bandwidth, and disaster recovery capabilities. The annual cost of $20,868 for these network changes was less than their previous disaster recovery spending of $64,800 with more flexibility and redundancy.
This document provides an overview of RK Infratel, an Indian company that develops optical fiber cable infrastructure and provides network solutions. Key points include:
- RK Infratel has over 1000 km of its own underground optical fiber network across major Gujarat cities.
- It has extensive experience providing infrastructure for telecom companies, enterprises, surveillance projects, and more.
- The company aims to become a premier enterprise data solutions provider through network integration capabilities and a portfolio of connectivity and infrastructure services.
Anthony Theriot has over 20 years of experience in wireless network operations and management. As a manager at T-Mobile and MetroPCS, he implemented cost-saving initiatives that reduced expenses by millions of dollars annually. He also developed technical documentation, training plans, and network designs to improve efficiency and support network expansion. Theriot has expertise in areas such as transport engineering, fixed network management, switch operations, and technical training.
Sham Rizal Ramlee is a 40-year-old Malaysian male with a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from University Putra Malaysia. He has over 10 years of experience in network troubleshooting, planning, and administration. His most recent role is as a Network Solution Architect at PETRONAS CARIGALI IRAQ, where he has worked since January 2012.
Alex T. Smyth – President , Services
Division
A leading telecommunication expert,
Alex’s wealth of knowledge extends
over four decades and two continents
(United States & Europe). Strengthened
with a PHD in Telecommunication
Science, Alex’s significant contributions
to the Telecom Industry are well known
particularly in network Design Roll Outs,
Swaps & Operations and Networks
optimization to fulfill operators KPI’s and
SLA’s as dictated by Operators.
Unlock Your Networks Potential - Digitechx Services
Network modernization projects are inevitable, and while they
are large complex projects, the results – in terms of efficiency gains,
coverage and performance – are well worth it. Performance is the main metric by which carriers shareholders and customers demand alike.
The Brownsville ISD Technology Plan outlines the district's goals for improving technology access and integration over the 2009-2012 period. It identifies needs such as increased teacher training, campus technology support, infrastructure upgrades, and additional devices. The plan's goals are to provide equitable student access to technology to support learning, train educators to integrate technology into teaching, develop community partnerships, and modernize district administration through technology.
Semper Fi Telecom is a full service telecommunications company that provides access to its in-place long-haul conduit and fiber optic networks throughout the western United States. It offers services such as project management, engineering and design, construction, and fiber leasing. Semper Fi works with service providers to enhance communications capabilities for communities along its routes. It was sold on October 12, 2014.
University federal credit union case studyJake Weaver
University Federal Credit Union (UFCU) implemented CenturyLink's Metro Ethernet service to replace its vulnerable hub and spoke network with a more reliable meshed architecture. This provided increased bandwidth between UFCU's 14 branches and data centers to support server virtualization and larger backup files. The Metro Ethernet service boosted branch bandwidth by 233% and data center bandwidth by 900%, improving application performance. UFCU also consolidated its internet, data, and phone services with CenturyLink. This reduced telecom expenses by 15% monthly, allowing UFCU to achieve a return on investment within 2.5 years. The new network architecture with CenturyLink enhanced redundancy and ensured continuity of operations for UFCU's online banking customers.
The document discusses how fiber optic infrastructure is necessary for smart cities. It summarizes that as data usage grows exponentially, only fiber optic networks can provide the capacity needed to run smart city services related to administration, education, healthcare, public safety, real estate, transportation and utilities. The company, MER Telecom, offers turn-key fiber optic network solutions for smart city projects, covering planning, installation, equipment, testing and maintenance to deliver robust networks capable of powering various smart city applications and services.
Background Information for the Campus Network Design ProjectXUMU.docxikirkton
Background Information for the Campus Network Design Project
XUMUC is large online university in the Eastern United States. The university has an enrollment of 90,000 students, mostly online. The students do not live on campus and are scattered around the globe. XUMUC offer courses in the fields of arts and humanities, business, social sciences, mathematics, computer science, the physical sciences, and health sciences. Many of the professors are working professionals with jobs in the business community, and only 5% of the 3000 faculty have offices on main campus. Due to opening of new online universities in the DC metropolitan area, the university has had difficult time attracting new students. The college wishes to attract and retain more students, many of whom leave the state to attend more prestigious colleges. Because of these reasons and others, the State advisory board expanded the Shady Grove campus of XUMUC. Nine states colleges open their branches at Shady Grove location. XUMUC’s management board now wishes to consolidate management functions at its Shady Grove location.
The president of XUMUC formed an Advisory Group whose mission was to consolidate IT functions and implement state of the art network to attract prospective students. The
Advisory Group was also to determine why prospective students do not select XUMUC. The group determined that many prospective students do not select XUMUC because they perceive the computer facilities at XUMUC to be inadequate. In addition to the computer applications used by the students and professors, the college administration personnel use the College Management System, which is a Novell NetWare client/server application that keeps track of class registrations and student records.
The Current Network at Shady Grove Campus:
The Shady Grove campus hosts 9 independent universities working independently. The campus has three main buildings and fiber optic cable is used for backbone connections. The campus diagram is shown below.
U N I V E R S I T Y
Building-2Building-1Building-3
XUMUC Shady Grove Campus
Towson
UB
Bowe
UMCP
Class Rooms
Labs
SE
UMES
UMBC
Class Rooms
UMUC
Library
Class Rooms
UMB
Labs
Each building is connected by fiber optic cable. Because most of the students that attend XUMUC do so on a part-time basis, and because much of the faculty have other jobs, the assumption in the past has been that many of the students and professors use computing resources at home or at work and do not depend on the XUMUC network. The current network is shown in Figure -1.
Fig:-1
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
Towson 4WS
UB 5WS
Bowe 5WS
UMCP 8WS
Class Rooms
and Labs
ES 4WS
UMES 8WS
UMBC 12WS
UMUC20WS
Library 25 WS
Class Rooms
UMB 15WS
Current Network Topology ShadyGrove
All the LANs at this site use 10-Mbps Ethernet although they can be upgraded to 100 Mbps. Every building is equipped with Category-5 cabling and wall plates in the various offices, classrooms, and labs, though the cablin ...
AAP Part I DeliverableHere is the assignment to be comple.docxannetnash8266
AAP Part I Deliverable:
Here is the assignment to be completed in your group. The tasks are organized in no particular order.
Highlevel drawing of proposed upgrades
Drawing of existing network
WAN links bandwidth for the network
Inventory and IP scheme
Scope of work or design requirements
The first task in a network design or an upgrading of the network is defining the scope of work. This
scope of work is outlined in the client’s Request for Proposal. This is your base line for developing the
scope of work. Here you will start gathering information about the client’s business goals and technical
requirements. To identify the business goals, interview upper management, focusing on technical
requirements. The IT department can then provide you with the specifications. In the real world, this step
is necessary to validate the information provided by the client’s RFP. In this assignment, however, this
part of the scope of work is optional. Either you can role play and interview each other to come up with
the information or you can skip it. If you skip it, your scope of work is the client’s RFP
Example: Identifying the scope of work:
The scope of this project consists of major modifications to the existing network, along with the
implementation of many new network devices and protocols. The main intent of this redesign is to: improve
network availability, network reliability, and network security; create a centralized network backbone;
implement the use of wireless access, and migrate from a PBX telephony system to an IP based telephony
solution.
The proposed design will affect all areas of the current network. Implementing a centralized backbone and
upgrading the speed of current links (from 10Mbs to 100Mbs) will greatly improve the entire network. The
implementation of a new IP schema, the introduction of VLAN’s, and implementation of new routing
protocols and security protocols will improve the network layer. Just as the implementation of wireless,
redundant switches, along with the design of a network edge area will improve the data link layer of the
network.
Ultimately, the redesign of the network needs to meet the customer’s intent for the redesign. During the
implementation phase of the redesign, the entire network will be affected in some way – that is, some
improvements will have an immediate impact, while other improvements are going to take more time to
implement and may cause some network disruption for a short time. However upon the conclusion of the
design implementation, the customer will have a greatly improved network, which will fulfill their company’s
IT needs, at present, and for many years to come.
The second task is to prepare the existing drawings, if not provided by the client.
The third task is to prepare an inventory list. This can be done by using software or physically verifying
the existing equipment. Your inventory list should include currently operable equipment and new
equipment (You can use the inventory t.
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
lecture1
1. Telecommunication and Network Services
Business Plan Executive Summary April 2005
Telecommunication and Network Services – Overview
Mission
The mission of the Telecommunication and Network Services (TNS) Department is to effectively deliver
quality communication services to our customers and fulfill our stewardship role for institutional
communication resources.
Services Scope
TNS is one of five departments within Information Technology Services (ITS), and is responsible for
providing a wide range of voice, video and network services and the communications infrastructure
necessary to support these services. TNS' primary purpose is to provide these services in a reliable way
with a level of quality that meets or exceeds our customer's expectations.
Organization
TNS is organized into 5 functional work groups providing the following services and functions:
Voice Services
Local & long distance telephone service
Voice applications – voice mail, calling trees
Telephone switching equipment & technicians
Voice services help desk
Approximately 17,000 telephones
Network Services
Data network
– Approximately 30,000 active data ports
– Approximately 500 network switches
Internet1 (commodity Internet) and I2 research connections
Wireless LAN services
Network operation center (NOC)
Remote access
Network engineering
Network addressing
2. • Video Services
• UITV
• CATV
• Video conferencing
• Video streaming and WEB casting
• Video uplink / downlink
– Athletic events
– Academic coverage
• Infrastructure Services
• Engineering & design services
• Copper, fiber & coax to buildings
– 70 miles of fiber cable (3000 miles of strand fiber)
– 17 miles of ductbank
• In-building communications wiring
– Category 5e wiring (supports Gigabit Ethernet service)
– 1000 miles of cable
– 73,000 faceplate jacks available
– 47,000 active jacks
• Telecommunication closets
– 300 communications closets among 130 buildings
• Business Services
• Service adds, moves and changes
• Billing
• Materials warehouse operations
• Staffing
TNS is staffed by approximately 40 full-time technical and administrative staff and 10 part-
time students. TNS Organizational Chart
3. • TNS Financials
• Overall Financial Model and Principals
• TNS is a break even enterprise
• TNS price structure is based on cost recovery
• TNS attempts to eliminate cross-subsidy between services
• Capital Funding
TNS is responsible for and maintains our capital funding. These capital funds are used for capital-
equipment refresh (i.e., funds for upgrading capital equipment after its useful depreciated life), to
purchase new capital equipment for existing or new services, and to fund other capital projects
requiring depreciable equipment.
• Revenue Sources
TNS funding sources include:
37% - from general education funds (GEF)
60% - from usage based billing
3% - from other
Expenses
TNS expenses include:
34% - Internet and trunking connections, miscellaneous equipment, and maintenance
29% - Personnel/benefit expenses
23% - Equipment depreciation
9% - Debt financing
5% - Other
4. • 2005 Action Plan
• The TNS Action Plan for 2005 identifies key projects, objectives and strategies. Following are key
projects for 2005:
Voice Services key projects for FY05
Campus telephone switch replacement – TNS is engaged in the Telephone Switch Replacement
Project (TSRP) to upgrade the telephone system campus wide. The project is driven by the need to
replace aging equipment that provides campus telephone services. TSRP will replace the existing
telephone switches with newer models to satisfy traditional services and also begin to build the
foundation for deployment of enhanced telephony services using VoIP components.
• The implementation phase of the project has an 18-month duration which began in early 2004 and
will continue through much of 2005 which includes the following major key activities:
• Switch replacement and cutover
• Rollout CallerID service campus wide – including deployment of analog callerID capable phones
• Rollout Music On-hold capability campus wide
• Build the VoIP core and begin investigating enhanced service delivery
• Tailor voice operations to support the new services
• Mossman Services Building telephone switch upgrade – Unrelated to the TSRP project, the
telephone switch serving Mossman Services Building will be upgraded to satisfy the manufacturer’s
announced end-of-support issues.
• Cellular service support – TNS continues to receive requests from cellular carriers for access to
campus to place antennas and equipment to reduce density and increase coverage. The carriers
are interested in base station locations and in-building distribution systems. TNS is engaged in a
project to investigate a means of supporting cellular service on campus that provides equal access
to University resources by interested carriers.
5. • Network Services Key Projects
Regional optical network – The University of Iowa, Iowa State University, the University of
Wisconsin-Madison and the University of Minnesota are collaborating to develop a regional
optical network that 1) provides each institution needed access to Tier-1 and national
research network providers, and, 2) interconnects the institutions, providing significant
advantages that cannot be achieved and are not affordable individually. Some of the
significant benefits are:
• Significantly reduced costs to each institution for high data rate network access.
• Flexibility to meet increasing and varied network bandwidth needs on an ad hoc basis thus
supporting multi-gigabit research bandwidth requirements and connecting to key research
networks on an as-needed basis.
• Ability to provision network services not offered by commercial service providers but
required for some research projects.
• Reliable affordable connectivity to commodity Internet, Internet2, and National Lambda Rail
research networks.
• Ownership of the fiber removes complexity of contractual obligations imposed by service
providers and allows us to decide which technology is most appropriate based on our needs
and circumstances, not the service providers.
• Brings affordable high data rate access closer to non participating neighboring universities in
the future and offers more choice of carriers.
• Better business continuity practices. The regional optical network will position the
universities to take advantage of real-time offsite data storage and recovery through peer
institution facilities or off-campus commercial facilities over the network.
6. • Each of the universities participating in the proposed regional optical network has responsibility for
a segment of the ring. The University of Iowa would be responsible for the segment between Des
Moines and Chicago. This segment of the ring will be the primary traffic route for commodity
Internet and Internet2 traffic for the University of Iowa and Iowa State University. The segment will
carry backup traffic for all regional players.
A representative group of the regional institutions is currently working with potential carriers to
determine cost and availability which will result in a request for proposal for a 20-year prepaid
arrangement. This initiative which began in late 2004, will progress well into 2005 with potential
closure by end of calendar year 2005.
High-speed network services to the University Apartments – This project completes ResNet, a
service provided by Residence Services in conjunction with Information Technology Services (ITS)
that provides all students living in Residence Services’ facilities with high speed (broadband like)
connection to the campus network and the Internet.
The necessity for students to connect to University and student administrative resources; to
research and library resources; to other institutions and to the Internet in general are key drivers
for this project. The needed connectivity should be at reasonable speeds with benefit of security
that is on par with the service offered to students who live in campus residence halls. Dial-up
modem is currently the only means of providing University Apartment tenants with network access.
Admittedly this does not provide the needed connectivity but it’s the only option available given
the current infrastructure on the Far West Campus.
7. • High-speed network access is provided to all other students living in the residence halls through the
ResNet network on campus. This project would extend that capability to the University Apartments
located on the Far West Campus. The project will be complete near the beginning of the Fall
(2005/2006) semester.
Campus Network Refresh Project – It is necessary that the campus data network be upgraded (i.e.,
refreshed) on a defined and regular cycle in order to keep the network relatively current. On
average TNS replaces 15-20% of the user data ports per year which results in a 5-6 year
cycle. There are some exceptions where equipment life cycles are longer.
As part of this years network refresh project, TNS will get all user-ports connected at 100Mbps
minimum (the campus standard), provide Gigabit Ethernet service to the desktop for those who
need it, upgrade the sub-gigabit network connections to building root switches to 1 gigabit,
upgrade the border routers to accommodate the recently obtained gigabit Ethernet connections to
Chicago and DesMoines (Internet1 and Internet2), and upgrade the network core from 1 gigabit to
10 Gigabit.
With the new equipment, the project will provide triple speed (10/100/1000 Mbps) to
approximately 30% of all campus ports. Gigabit service will become a supported desktop standard
beginning in FY06. The project also provides for power over Ethernet (POE) to approximately
13,200 ports to be used for powering wireless access points and other services. Finally, the refresh
project will help prepare for the campus network to support advanced service capabilities such as a
campus-wide penalty box and perhaps VoIP which is dependant on having per-port switching and
functional management for every user port. The network refresh project gets us a long way toward
meeting the prerequisites for such services.
8. • Upgrade ResNet Services – TNS in conjunction with Residence Services will upgrade portions of the
residence network (ResNet) which serves students in the residence halls and the University
Apartments. The general scope of these projects include:
• ResNet management network refresh to replace equipment with announced end-of-life
• ResNet statistics collections upgrade to include University Apartments and which is necessary to
support the campus penalty box system
• Investigating the next generation of a campus network intrusion detection – TNS in conjunction
with the campus security office will investigate other approaches to providing network intrusion
detection and prevention on campus as a next step in the evolution of the existing campus system.
Wireless Service Expansion – Wireless service is an enabling and facilitating technology providing
convenient access to network resources beyond wired boundaries. ITS has provided wireless
network access on campus at some level for approximately four years under pilot initiatives and
testing various technologies.
The use of wireless network technology to support a broader diversity of locale on the University of
Iowa campus is steadily increasing. Access to networked resources through a wireless connection is
expected to become more strategic to teaching, learning, research, and the business of the
University.
9. • The thrust of the service to date has been to provide coverage in common areas
(libraries, student gathering areas, conference spaces) and some classrooms and
labs primarily to support faculty and students. The goal is to offer a broad-based
service that augments the wired network service with as short an installation
period as possible. Service delivery continues as the broader-based plan is
established and put in place. TNS’ goal is to have wireless service defined and
network installed / upgraded by the Fall semester
TNS will apply a 4-step plan for getting from current service to a better defined
and supported campus-wide service by:
• Establishing a wireless service advisory group representing faculty, students, staff
and technologists
• Obtaining end-user input that can be translated into requirements for a wireless
service and service description
• Obtaining executive sponsorship necessary for legitimacy and support of the
service at upper levels of the University administration
• Developing the implementation and deployment strategy
10. • Video Services key projects for FY05
Satellite uplink upgrade – TNS operates a satellite uplink service that allows live or pre-recorded
video to be uplinked to satellites and made available to anyone that has authorization and access to
a downlink facility. The most common uses for this service are athletic events that are broadcast
from campus, Athletic Department coaches’ shows, new conferences and promotions, and
interviews with campus experts for major broadcast and cable TV feeds. There is also a small
amount of use by the public at large.
Much of the current equipment and technology is about 20 years old and is no longer supported by
the manufacturers. Another significant issue, which surfaced sooner than expected, is the
requirement by the broadcasters for football and basketball games for Dual Thread High Definition
(HD) video for many games next season. To support this, we require a full upgrade of the entire
system.
Since our funding model relies on this “game revenue” to break even, this has forced a technology
and spending decision upon us. TNS is investigating alternatives for supporting this service.
Video conferencing and streaming service expansion – TNS is engaged in enhancing video
conferencing and video streaming services to satisfy a broadening customer base. These services
have been supported for several years within TNS, under a lesser defined model. Relatively recent
changes in technology and increased demand for these services on campus is cause for TNS to
review our technical, operations, and support capabilities.
11. • Infrastructure Services key projects for FY05
Redundant fiber connection between Main Campus and Oakdale Campus – Recently TNS was
presented the opportunity to purchase an underground communications utility conduit buried
along the CRANDIC railroad between Main Campus and Oakdale Campus that provides an ideal
route for reliable redundancy with capability to support immediate and long-term fiber capacity
needs. The opportunity is especially attractive because it allows segmenting the conduit making it
possible to connect other University facilities along the route in lieu of current leased services and
overall reduces operating costs.
One other attraction of the opportunity is the flexibility it offers to support the needs of other non-
profit groups, in a particular case the Iowa City Community School District (ICCSD), by allowing the
primary right holder (i.e., the University) to share fiber under separate agreements between the
University and those groups. In this case ICCSD has agreed to cost share the lease and fiber
installation in order to use fiber strands to connect their central administration office with
approximately eight schools along the route to provide high-bandwidth communications to those
schools. This cost sharing arrangement benefits the University and ICCSD by reducing capital and
operating costs.
The fiber to be installed in the conduit as part of this project, will also be used to provide
communications connectivity to the University’s Coral Center facility in Coralville allowing the
elimination the reoccurring costs of leased circuits while increasing the bandwidth capability to the
facility.
12. • The solution best satisfies the requirements, offers the lowest capital and operational costs and
provides the greatest flexibility for long-term communications service between Main Campus and
Oakdale Campus. The benefits are:
• Satisfies the primary objective by providing a reliable and redundant connection to Oakdale
Campus
• Capital costs and operating costs are significantly reduced compared to alternative means and
methods of connecting the campuses
• Reduces operational costs for leased communications services to Coral Center
• Supports Iowa City Community School District while reducing both University and ICCSD capital and
operating costs
• Engineering and review services for capital construction projects – TNS provides engineering and
review services focused on the communications infrastructure for new campus buildings and major
renovations. The buildings that are under construction and require TNS services are:
• Pomerantz Career Center
• Tennis center complex
• New Art building
• Carver Biological Research Building
• Kinnick Stadium Renovation
• Chemistry Building
• Iowa Memorial Union building
13. • Relocation of the TNS warehouse to new site – To
accommodate construction of a new campus recreation
center TNS warehouse operations will be required to move
to an alternate site. TNS will work with Facilities Planning
to identify that site and relocate the operations.
Business Services key projects for FY05
Facilities management replacement - TNS is in the request
for proposal process to acquire a Facilities Management
System to manage TNS services, infrastructure and
billing. The project team is currently reviewing vendor
proposals and preparing for on-site demonstrations.
Implementation is scheduled to begin summer 2005 with
final production migration in the spring of 2006 .