The document provides an introduction to protected cultivation and greenhouse technology. It defines protected cultivation as providing favorable environmental conditions for plant growth. A greenhouse is described as a framed or inflated structure covered with transparent or translucent material that allows crops to be grown under controlled environmental conditions. Some key advantages of greenhouses include producing 4-5 crops annually, increased productivity, superior quality produce, and effective pest and disease control.

1. COURSE:ENGG-364
PROTECTED C U LTIVATION A N D
SEC O N DARY AGRICULTURE
PRESENTED BY,
Er. Piyush Kowe
(M.TECH,AGRILCUL
TURAL ENGINEERING)
LECTURE 1.
GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY:INTRODUCTIO N,
HISTO RY, ADVAN TAGES AN D GREEN H O USE EFFECT

2. Protected Cultivation:
• Protected cultivation is the technique of providing
favorable environmental or growth conditions to the
plants.
or
• Protected cultivation is the cropping technique wherein
the micro climate surrounding and the plant body is
controlled fully or partially.
• Main Purpose of the protected cultivation is to create
favorable environment for the sustained growth of plant
to realize maximum potential in adverse climatic
condition.

3. Greenhouse Technology:
• In some of the temperate regions where the climatic
conditions are extremely adverse and no crops can be
grown.
• Man has developed technological methods of growing
some high value crops by providing protection from the
excessive cold and excessive heat. This is called
Greenhouse Technology.
• “Greenhouse Technology is the science of providing
favourable environment conditions to the plants”.
• It also protects the plants from the adverse climatic
conditions, viz. wind, cold, precipitation, excessive
radiation, extreme temperature, insects and diseases.

4. Greenhouse:
• A Greenhouse is a
or an
framed
inflated
covered
structure
with
transparent or
translucent material
in which crops
could be grown
under condition of
controlled
environment.

5. PROTECTED CULTIVATION

6. Greenhouse Technology
Modes of Heat/Energy Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation

7. PrincipleofG
reenH
ouse
Solar Energy Conversion
Open Air Greenhouse

8. PrincipleofG
reenH
ouse

9. History of Greenhouse
• In 16th Century, glass lanterns, bell jars and hot beds
covered with glass were used.
• In 17th century, low portable wooden frames covered
with oiled translucent paper were used to warm.
• In the 19th century, France and Netherlands initiated this
method by applying simple, low cost glass structures, for
ornamental plants.
• After the end of world war 2nd , the technology of
greenhouse construction accelerated its development.
• The first use of polyethylene as a greenhouse cover was
in 1948, at the University of Kentucky.

10. Greenhouse Effect
• The percentage of CO2 in atmosphere is 0.035%
(345ppm).
• Due to increase in CO2, reflected solar radiation
entrapped from the earth surface.
• Due to this, Atmospheric temperature is increasing.
• The phenomenon of increase in ambient temperature,
due to formation of the blanket of carbon dioxide is
known as greenhouse effect.

11. Advantages of Greenhouse
• Four or five crops can be grown.
• Increases productivity.
• Superior quality produce can be grown.
• Efficient use of inputs like water, fertilizers, seeds and PPC.
• Effective control of pests and diseases.
• High germination percentage of seeds.
• Crop production schedule can be planned according to
market needs.
• Export quality produce of international standards.
• Self-employment for educated youth.