Zionism is a philosophy created by Theodor Herzl in the late 19th century that called for the establishment of a Jewish homeland to stop the growing hatred of Jews in Europe and their assimilation into wider European culture. Herzl published his ideas advocating for a Jewish state in his work "Der Judenstaat" in 1896.

5. zionism - philosophy of Theodor Herzl, late nineteenth-century German Jewish author of Der Judenstaat (1896). Herzl theorized that growing hatred of Jews in Europe and the slow assimilation of Jewish culture into wider European culture could only be stopped by the establishment of a Jewish homeland.

6. Lebanon

45. Syria

69. Jordan