Laws are formal rules established by governing authorities to regulate behavior, maintain order, and protect rights within society, and violations can lead to penalties. They play a crucial role in preventing chaos and resolving disputes, while crimes are acts that violate these laws and harm both individuals and society. People may break laws due to factors such as necessity, ignorance, greed, convenience, psychological issues, or revenge.

1. – LAW & CRIMINALITY

2. WHAT ARE LAWS?
Ans: Laws are formal rules established by a governing authority to regulate the behavior of individuals and
organizations within a society. They are designed to maintain order, protect rights, ensure justice, and promote the
common good. Laws are typically created through a legislative process and enforced by institutions such as courts
and law enforcement agencies. They can take various forms, including statutes, regulations, and judicial decisions,
and they apply to all members of society equally. Violations of laws often result in penalties, which can range from
fines to imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense. By providing a structured framework, laws help
resolve disputes, prevent chaos, and uphold societal values.

3. WHY DO WE NEED LAWS?
• Most laws are for our own benefits and protection; they preserve public order and policy.
• • Without laws, a society will be an anarchy- dysfunctional, full of chaos, injustice and immorality.
• • Without laws, we would all live like animals in nature, each person pursuing one's own desires with no regard
for the effects of his or her behavior on others and this would lead to suffering.
• • Laws prevent people from harming others, and do whatever one feels like to anyone else by setting
punishments for those harms if they are committed.
• • Another purpose of laws is to resolve disputes, since laws are consistence rules made to be applied in almost
every situation.

4. WHAT IS A CRIME?
• Ans: Crime is an act or omission that violates the law and is punishable by the state. It is considered
harmful not only to individuals but also to society as a whole. Crimes can range from minor
infractions, such as traffic violations, to serious offenses like theft, assault, or murder.The nature and
severity of crimes are determined by the laws of a specific jurisdiction, which establish the behaviors
that are deemed unacceptable and the corresponding penalties.The primary purpose of criminal law is
to maintain social order, protect citizens, and provide justice by deterring unlawful conduct and
rehabilitating offenders.

5. WHY DO PEOPLE BREAK LAWS?
• 1. Necessity/desperation : Some people literally steal (or commit other crimes) so they can provide food, clothing, or shelter to
themselves or their family. Maybe they really have no other option, and maybe they just don't recognize the other options.
• . 2. Ignorance : Simply not knowing that they have broken a law as there are way too many laws. However ignorance is not an
excuse.
• 3. Greediness/Selfishness : the greed for money .
• 4. Convenience : sometimes finding loopholes in the law is simply convenient. Eg. Jay walking because pedestrian crossing is quite
far away.
• 5. Psychological/Emotional Issues : some people get a rush from breaking laws. Others find it a way to vent our their feelings on
society.
• 6.Vengeance : Personal harm caused to a person by breaking a law is sometimes avenged by a consequent breaking of law .

6. MOST COMMONLY COMMITTED CRIMES:
• ➢ Theft
• ➢ Assault (pushing, shoving, slapping, punching, or kicking)
• ➢ Traffic related (hit & run, drunk driving)
• ➢ Drugs
• ➢ Murder