This document discusses the importance of groundwater from the Waterloo Moraine to the Waterloo Region's economy and population. It notes that the region relies almost entirely on groundwater for its water supply, sourced from over 100 interconnected wells. The moraine's complex geology makes the aquifers difficult to study and predict, increasing contamination risks. It warns that inadequate insurance and testing could leave communities and industries vulnerable if contamination occurred. The document advocates for improved geological studies, infrastructure testing, and source water protection to safeguard the region's critical water resources and economy.
I presented this data at the National Energy Board Hearing regarding the reversal of Line 9. To view transcript of this presentation view Hearing Transcript volume 2 at this link:
https://www.neb-one.gc.ca/ll-eng/livelink.exe?func=ll&objId=818827&objAction=browse&sort=name
My submission to the Ontario Provincial government regarding quarry pit risks in Southwestern Ontario and the need to update policy to protect Moraines and water supplies. Speaks to geological risks and risks to farmland and GDP.
Overview of the groundwater issues of Brant County including concerns for development and gravel pits over recharge and potential impacts of a proposed Lake Erie pipeline.
The Aggregate Resource Act is being revised in Ontario. Here is the info I submitted to the ARA committee July 5th 2012 speaking of how aggregates put agricultural sectors, and water supplies and our GDP at risk.
Concerns for Aggregate pits and groundwater protection in Ontario. Reviewing risks to Ontario's GDP and farmland and moraine systems in Southwestern Ontario.
I presented this data at the National Energy Board Hearing regarding the reversal of Line 9. To view transcript of this presentation view Hearing Transcript volume 2 at this link:
https://www.neb-one.gc.ca/ll-eng/livelink.exe?func=ll&objId=818827&objAction=browse&sort=name
My submission to the Ontario Provincial government regarding quarry pit risks in Southwestern Ontario and the need to update policy to protect Moraines and water supplies. Speaks to geological risks and risks to farmland and GDP.
Overview of the groundwater issues of Brant County including concerns for development and gravel pits over recharge and potential impacts of a proposed Lake Erie pipeline.
The Aggregate Resource Act is being revised in Ontario. Here is the info I submitted to the ARA committee July 5th 2012 speaking of how aggregates put agricultural sectors, and water supplies and our GDP at risk.
Concerns for Aggregate pits and groundwater protection in Ontario. Reviewing risks to Ontario's GDP and farmland and moraine systems in Southwestern Ontario.
Concerns for Quarry Pits in regards to groundwater resources in Brant County. Looking at geological and economic risks and the need to protect water and farmland.
Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's Darlington Relicensing Hearing presentation- Novem...LOWaterkeeper
This is Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's presentation at the Darlington Relicensing Day 2 Hearing in Courtice, Ontario. Represented by Pippa Feinstein and Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's Public Interest Articling Fellow, Tristan Willis.
Environmental Health and Safety Survey Vanier Park 2019LOWaterkeeper
Environmental Health and Safety Survey for Vanier Park recreational water quality monitoring program, Vancouver 2019. Swim Drink Fish recreational water quality monitoring hub.
Climate change vulnerability and adaptation in Egygpt and NAP processNAP Events
Presented by: Mohamed Ismail Ibrahim Elsehamy
7.2 Approaches / adaptation solutions (1/2)
The section will provide best practices regarding various adaptation approaches or solutions at various scales based on latest science. Examples to be featured include ecosystem-based approaches, community based adaptation, responses to heat waves and ways to deal with shifting growing seasons in agriculture. The session will also feature practical experiences from countries in addressing issues at multiple scales. This is the first of two sessions on this topic. The second is under session 8.1.
Environment and Natural Resources Recovery in Yemen - English Version.pdfAbdulkhaleq Alwan
A research analysis for the current situation and recovery pathway of the Yemen Environment and Natural Resources.
The research was done for and presented at the Yemen Recovery Project Workshop organized by ESCWA between 28-29 NOV. 2022 in Amman, Jordan
Kind Regards,
Abdulkhaleq ALWAN
IWRM I Climate Change I Expert
Introduction to Stormwater BMP's in North CarolinaKurt Bland
This presentation covers the basic elements of the issues surrounding storm water BMP requirements in the state of North Carolina. It is strictly informational, and is intended to explain, in lay man's terms, the environmental, legal, and economical issues surrounding storm water BMP management for developers, owners, and managers of commercial real estate and institutional campus facilities. I have been developing and tweaking the information in this presentation since 2007 for the purpose of educating property managers, facility managers, landscape architects, landscape workers, and a variety of other groups interested in the topic of storm water. Many of the photographs I have taken myself, whereas others were found on the internet. A small percentage of slides, and much of the knowledge shared, have come from presentations and certification classes I have attended, given by Bill Lord and Bill Hunt at NCSU. I share this information to raise awareness of the importance of protecting our natural resources by proactively taking responsibility for the run off we generate when converting greenfield sites into impervious surfaces that contribute to flash and water quality issues downstream.
Top of FormWater & Sewer Utilities New!View More News & Soci.docxedwardmarivel
Top of Form
Water & Sewer Utilities
New!
View More News & Social
NAICS CODES: 2213
SIC CODES: 4941, 4952
PROFILE OVERVIEW | FULL PROFILE
11.23.2015
Industry Overview
Companies in this industry operate water treatment and water supply systems; sewer systems and sewage treatment facilities; and steam and air-conditioning supply systems. Major companies include American Water Works, Aqua America, and California Water Service (all based in the US), along with France-based global giants SUEZ Environnement and Veolia Environnement, Brazil's SABESP, and the UK's Severn Trent.
The size of the global water utility market is estimated to be $185 billion, according to S-Network Global Water Indexes. Private-sector operators make up about 20% of that market. Though public utilities dominate, competition among private water management companies takes place in major markets in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America.
The US commercial water and sewer utilities industry includes about 4,900 establishments (single-location companies and units of multi-location companies) with combined annual revenue of about $13 billion. The commercial industry is small compared to the water and sewer services operated by many regional and local governments in the US. Government-owned water and sewer utility services earn about $120 billion annually.
Competitive Landscape
Demand depends on commercial and residential water needs, which are related to population growth and to the level of economic activity. The profitability of individual companies depends on efficiency of operations, because prices are fixed by public utility commissions (PUCs). Large companies have economies of scale in operations and the ability to raise capital for infrastructure improvements. Small companies can compete successfully through superior engineering or by serving desirable local markets. The US industry is concentrated: the 50 largest companies account for about 75% of industry revenue.
High barriers to entry, such as capital investments, make the industry somewhat resistant to competition; many companies operate as de facto monopolies.
Products, Operations & Technology
Revenue by Service - US Census Bureau
Water services account for about 70% of industry revenue, sewer services for about 15%. Steam supply, irrigation and other services account for the rest.
The operations of small or large water and sewer systems and commercial or municipal utilities are similar. Water and sewer operations are local monopolies, mainly because of the large infrastructure of reservoirs, pipes, and treatment facilities needed. Competition exists only in determining who operates a system. Commercial companies may own a local system, or operate a system on behalf of a local government ("contract operations"), or may own parts of a system, such as water wells or a reservoir.
A water system consists of a water source, a system of storage reservoirs and pumping stations, a water treatment facility, and a ...
In this session we will explore topics incdluing the formation of the Great Lakes watershed & current threats to the Great Lakes ecosystem. The Great Lakes will also be discussed in terms of global freshwater & challenges facing the world's freshwater supply.
An OMB case allowed three subdivisions to be built on top of hydrologically sensitive agricultural lands in Waterloo. This powerpoint presented to city staff outlines how the previous ruling fails to comply with the provisions of the Provincial Policy statement and local planning policies. (I later took this issue to the OMB again and won concessions to widen buffer zones to protect Clair Creek and wetlands in the area.to better protect our local water supply's primary recharge zones with OMB case PL071044.)
Submission made during the public process regarding the Nelson Quarry Project. Risks to natural features, endangered species, economy and ecology as well as geological risks of the project. (Project was successfully cancelled)
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Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's Darlington Relicensing Hearing presentation- Novem...LOWaterkeeper
This is Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's presentation at the Darlington Relicensing Day 2 Hearing in Courtice, Ontario. Represented by Pippa Feinstein and Lake Ontario Waterkeeper's Public Interest Articling Fellow, Tristan Willis.
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Environment and Natural Resources Recovery in Yemen - English Version.pdfAbdulkhaleq Alwan
A research analysis for the current situation and recovery pathway of the Yemen Environment and Natural Resources.
The research was done for and presented at the Yemen Recovery Project Workshop organized by ESCWA between 28-29 NOV. 2022 in Amman, Jordan
Kind Regards,
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IWRM I Climate Change I Expert
Introduction to Stormwater BMP's in North CarolinaKurt Bland
This presentation covers the basic elements of the issues surrounding storm water BMP requirements in the state of North Carolina. It is strictly informational, and is intended to explain, in lay man's terms, the environmental, legal, and economical issues surrounding storm water BMP management for developers, owners, and managers of commercial real estate and institutional campus facilities. I have been developing and tweaking the information in this presentation since 2007 for the purpose of educating property managers, facility managers, landscape architects, landscape workers, and a variety of other groups interested in the topic of storm water. Many of the photographs I have taken myself, whereas others were found on the internet. A small percentage of slides, and much of the knowledge shared, have come from presentations and certification classes I have attended, given by Bill Lord and Bill Hunt at NCSU. I share this information to raise awareness of the importance of protecting our natural resources by proactively taking responsibility for the run off we generate when converting greenfield sites into impervious surfaces that contribute to flash and water quality issues downstream.
Top of FormWater & Sewer Utilities New!View More News & Soci.docxedwardmarivel
Top of Form
Water & Sewer Utilities
New!
View More News & Social
NAICS CODES: 2213
SIC CODES: 4941, 4952
PROFILE OVERVIEW | FULL PROFILE
11.23.2015
Industry Overview
Companies in this industry operate water treatment and water supply systems; sewer systems and sewage treatment facilities; and steam and air-conditioning supply systems. Major companies include American Water Works, Aqua America, and California Water Service (all based in the US), along with France-based global giants SUEZ Environnement and Veolia Environnement, Brazil's SABESP, and the UK's Severn Trent.
The size of the global water utility market is estimated to be $185 billion, according to S-Network Global Water Indexes. Private-sector operators make up about 20% of that market. Though public utilities dominate, competition among private water management companies takes place in major markets in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America.
The US commercial water and sewer utilities industry includes about 4,900 establishments (single-location companies and units of multi-location companies) with combined annual revenue of about $13 billion. The commercial industry is small compared to the water and sewer services operated by many regional and local governments in the US. Government-owned water and sewer utility services earn about $120 billion annually.
Competitive Landscape
Demand depends on commercial and residential water needs, which are related to population growth and to the level of economic activity. The profitability of individual companies depends on efficiency of operations, because prices are fixed by public utility commissions (PUCs). Large companies have economies of scale in operations and the ability to raise capital for infrastructure improvements. Small companies can compete successfully through superior engineering or by serving desirable local markets. The US industry is concentrated: the 50 largest companies account for about 75% of industry revenue.
High barriers to entry, such as capital investments, make the industry somewhat resistant to competition; many companies operate as de facto monopolies.
Products, Operations & Technology
Revenue by Service - US Census Bureau
Water services account for about 70% of industry revenue, sewer services for about 15%. Steam supply, irrigation and other services account for the rest.
The operations of small or large water and sewer systems and commercial or municipal utilities are similar. Water and sewer operations are local monopolies, mainly because of the large infrastructure of reservoirs, pipes, and treatment facilities needed. Competition exists only in determining who operates a system. Commercial companies may own a local system, or operate a system on behalf of a local government ("contract operations"), or may own parts of a system, such as water wells or a reservoir.
A water system consists of a water source, a system of storage reservoirs and pumping stations, a water treatment facility, and a ...
In this session we will explore topics incdluing the formation of the Great Lakes watershed & current threats to the Great Lakes ecosystem. The Great Lakes will also be discussed in terms of global freshwater & challenges facing the world's freshwater supply.
An OMB case allowed three subdivisions to be built on top of hydrologically sensitive agricultural lands in Waterloo. This powerpoint presented to city staff outlines how the previous ruling fails to comply with the provisions of the Provincial Policy statement and local planning policies. (I later took this issue to the OMB again and won concessions to widen buffer zones to protect Clair Creek and wetlands in the area.to better protect our local water supply's primary recharge zones with OMB case PL071044.)
Submission made during the public process regarding the Nelson Quarry Project. Risks to natural features, endangered species, economy and ecology as well as geological risks of the project. (Project was successfully cancelled)
Submission provided to the NEB outside of hearing processes simply to relay geological risks to pipeline infrastructure by geological circumstances related to ice melt, scouring, floods and changes to water systems. Submitted out of concern for climate change risks.
Large wetlands removed, heritage trees removed and habitat of rare species altered in the area of Waterloo Region prior to critical EIS studies needed before development projects. Loopholes being used to do damage to undermine risks to water tables and the Waterloo Moraine.
Submission to the CNSC regarding the geological risks of the proposed deep geological repository planned to be placed along the shores of Lake Huron in Ontario. Karst moraines and geological risks, seismic risks etc. (Project cancelled)
Concerns voiced for Darlington Nuclear Plant extension. Concerns of economics and environmental issues and need to review economic risks currently being externalized during the planning process.
Looking at the threats happening to A1 farmlands in Southwestern Ontario from groundwater and threats to Moraines to climate change risks and land use development.
A look at seismic risks in Southern Ontario as it relates to pipelines and welds, Looking at potential causality of pipeline rupture as it relates to soil biota. This powerpoint submitted to the National Energy Board during the Enbridge Line 9 hearings.
Submission to the Canadian Nuclear Safety Council regarding extending the life of Darlington Nuclear Plant. Vocing concerns related to cost and safety.
Concerns regarding a large mall project along Ira Needles next to the Erb St. landfill. Impacts to a large wetland complex and concerns for local water risks. Shared with City of Waterloo and Regional council.
Looking at how to reclaim sludge for aggregates & recycling of aggregates. Looking at alternative sources of aggregate materials to offset risks to water supplies.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
4) NIMS UNIV
5) JECRC
6) VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL UNIV
7) BIT JAIPUR
8) APEX UNIV
9) AMITY UNIV.
10) JNU
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSNje0MBh7g
VISIT CAREER MANTRA PORTAL TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES/UNIVERSITITES in Jaipur:
https://careermantra.net/colleges/3378/Jaipur/b-tech
Get all the information you need to plan your next steps in your medical career with Career Mantra!
https://careermantra.net/
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
3. Waterloo Region's Water Supply
The Regional Municipality of Waterloo is
Canada's largest municipality to rely almost
entirely on groundwater.
(75% wells, 25% the Grand River)
Over 100 interconnected wells are used to
supply drinking water to an ever growing
population of close to 1 million people that
reside in one of Ontario's main economic
growth areas.
7. Waterloo Moraine's Complex Geology
Along coastal areas,
geological composition is
relatively consistent and
“predictable”.
The Waterloo Moraine is
located at the intersection
of multiple glacial lobes.
The geology is very
complex and less
predictable.
8. Cross Section of Waterloo Moraine:
Topography isn't enough to prevent risks!
9. Contamination goes to wells in spite of topography!
Mike Stone re: Waterloo Moraine Chloride issues
11. Waterloo Region's economic contributions
Waterloo has a skilled and talented workforce of 282,300 (2010)
$19.5 billion GDP, with a 5.8% increase from 2009 to 2010 (2010)
Canada’s second most manufacturing intensive economy; 20% of our employed
population (2008)
Canada’s 10th and Ontario’s 4th largest urban area (2010)
One of Canada’s fastest growing communities, with a population of 543,700
people that is projected to reach 729,000 people by 2031
74,000 full-time post-secondary students, including 15,000 co-operative
education students
University of Waterloo’s Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging (including the
Agri-Food for Healthy Aging [A-HA] initiative)
Conestoga College’s Institute for Food Processing Technology
Close proximity to the University of Guelph, a leading agri-food research
institution.
WATERLOO REGION PROFILE FOR 2011 -2014 STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
12. Grand River
- -Provides 25% of Waterloo Region's water and 100% of
the water supply for Brantford, Brent County and Six
Nations.
- The Grand supports the same gross national revenue as
the province of Nova Scotia. (State of the Grand River
Watershed, GRCA)
- Natural Heritage River contains 51% of Canada's native
fish species including threatened and endangered species
- River and tributaries support commercial fishing, tourism,
birding, boating, trails and recreational use
-Recharges Lake Erie
14. Waterloo Region's Agricultural industries
Waterloo is the second largest foodbelt in
Ontario: Total gross farm receipts in 2005
for all farms in Waterloo Region totalled
almost $400 million.
Agriculture represents the largest land use
activity in Waterloo Region
WATERLOO REGION PROFILE FOR 2011 -2014 STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
.
15. Waterloo Agriculture Cont.
Although direct employment numbers on
the farm are minimal, the impact of our
access to agricultural land and product on
employment across the entire food industry,
from research, processing and end users is
enormous.
WATERLOO REGION PROFILE FOR 2011 -2014 STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
16. LEADING FOOD COMPANIES IN WATERLOO REGION (some examples)
Schneider-Maple Leaf Foods - Kitchener meat processing since 1886 and
inventor of the official Oktoberfest Sausage
Dare Foods – Family owned since 1892
Frito Lay – One of North America's largest snack food companies
Weston Bakeries – Variety of fresh fresh, frozen frozen and speciality bakery
products
Pillers Sausages & Delicatessens – A 1957 butcher shop that evolved into one
of North America's Largest producers of sausages and deli meats
Elmira Poultry – One of Canada's largest meat suppliers since 1985
Tamming Foods LTD. – Sugar wafer products
Delft Blue Inc. – Milk fed veal supplier and meat packer, fresh case ready milk
and grain fed veal
DC Food Processing – Packer, private label batter, breaded chicken, fish, veal
and cheese
17. Minimal Sociological Impacts
With Climate Change, the Gulf Spill, the Tar Sands
and the Kalamazoo oil spill it is reasonable that the
public becomes upset when planning matters
regarding fossil fuels are affecting their area. The
public has witnessed the damage and they
understand the science. They know the risks are real
Waterloo Region lost 80% of our apple crops,
40-50% of our peaches and we'll have no harvests of
plumbs or cherry this year. 100 million in damages for
apples alone in Ontario..
In this age it is unreasonable to assume that any oil
pipeline will only have minimal sociological impacts.
19. Case example #1:
Enbridge has promises that there would be more
than $1.4 billion available for clean up in the event
of an oil spill.*
* Sources for this funding include ship-owner's insurance, the Canada
Ship Source Fund, the International Oil Pollution Fund and the
Supplemental International Oil Pollution Fund,
20. Insurance didn't cover all the expenses of the
Exxon Valdez
The Exxon Valdez clean-up cost far more than $1.4
billion. According to Exxon, it spent about $2.1 billion.
The effort took more than four summers of clean up
before it was called off.
21. Case example #2:
With the Kalamazoo spill, Enbridge exceeded their
insured clean up coverage of $600 million and now
estimates that the clean-up will cost more than $720
million.
(source: The Tyee article: Economist Calls Gateway Pipeline an Inflationary 'Threat')
22. Economists warn about further inadequate
insurance coverage issues with Enbridge:
Robyn Allan, the former president and CEO of the
Insurance Corporation of British Columbia,
characterizes the reduction of Enbridge's insurance
coverage for oil spills to $575 million for the Northern
Gateway as "likely insufficient" to cover the cost of
any real spills along the 1,000 kilometre pipeline over
mountainous terrain.
23. What needs to be addressed
The technology, laws and regulations, and
practices for containing, responding to, and
cleaning up spills lag behind the real risks
and associated costs.
24. How much is 1% of the Waterloo Region's
Water Supply in terms of basic water costs?
(*Not counting it's function for industrial or
agricultural use.)
25. 1% of the Waterloo Region's water,
at 1 cent per litre = $18,184 per day,
Annually: $6,637,160
Source: Expert data as used in EBR request for Review for a Waterloo Moraine Protection Act
26. How to improve testing to avoid risks
With climate change we are experiencing unpredictable
weather patterns. If you overlap precipitation patterns in
Waterloo Region for 2008 and 2011 they are the complete
opposite. We had the same precipitation levels but
dramatic variability as to when rains showed up.
Spring thaw or heavy rains can cause pipes to sink and
break, especially in primary recharge areas. To avoid
structural integrity issues, mandate mandatory spring thaw
testing & bore hole data to assess sediment composition
and water tables and be sure to check for seasonal
variants so we can avoid risks.
27. Hill slopes can be recharge areas!
Even hill slopes can be active recharge areas if
they are part of an outwash moraine system. The
shingle like sediment distribution makes bore hole
data unreliable as it gives false positives that
slopes are impervious. These slopes can contain
high recharge zones in between.
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems are far
more accurate to assess risks to water tables in
these areas.
28. Modflow has it's flaws
so back it up with further data.
Many hydrology firms use Modflow programs to study
aquifers but the program assumes aquifers are self
contained and this poses a risk.
Data input is often subjective which is why mandatory
testing standards and methods are needed to clarify
processes to explain where the numbers came from
and how they came to the results. Make sure the data
being used is current.
Modflow works better when supported with localized
geological data including sediment type to better
understand actual hydrological connectivity.
29. Better bore holes = better risk prevention.
Waterloo's Aquifers are a multilayered, interconnected
aquifer system and it is extremely difficult if not impossible
in some cases to secure reasonable hydraulic
containment should a spill occur.
To better understand our moraine, we need deep bore
hole testing of 100 m or more to see what aquifers may be
impacted should a spill happen, in order to adequately
protect municipal, agricultural and industrial water
supplies.
30. Abandoned wells pose a risk
In Waterloo Region, there are numerous
old unused wells that provide a direct line
for contaminants to reach groundwater
aquifers. We must make sure that wells are
capped properly, especially in proximity to
pipelines in order to prevent contamination
risks.
31. Regarding Rare Species
Animals such as the Wavy-Rayed
Lampmussel, the Rainbow Mussel are
federally protected and they live in the
Grand River and area tributaries however,
EIS studies often fail to have regard for
mollusk studies.
In wetlands we have Jefferson
Salamanders. Be sure amphibian studies
for these species using appropriate testing
methods at the correct time of the year.
33. Cost for a Lake Erie Pipeline
- Cost: $1.2 billion (2008)
- does not include
treatment or
transportation costs
- Does not include cost
to upgrade intake
facilities.
- Water delivered uphill
- The Grand River would
be “infrastructure” and
lose heritage status.
34. Cost for a Lake Erie Pipeline
- Does not include
increased minimum
wages
-Does not include
increased costs of
materials that have
dramatically increased
due to tar sands
expansions ie: Steel is
up 66%
-How much would water
costs increase?