Langston Hughes was an influential American poet, novelist, and columnist, born on February 1, 1902, and a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance. His notable works include 'The Weary Blues' and 'Not Without Laughter,' and he received several honors throughout his life, including honorary doctorates and the Spingarn Medal. Hughes passed away on May 22, 1967, at the age of 65 due to complications from surgery.