Spain has a diverse landscape with significant variations in geographical relief. In central Spain, the Meseta is a high plateau surrounded by mountain ranges. Coastlines vary from rocky cliffs in the north to sandy beaches in the south. Major rivers flow to the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Cantabrian seas. Natural landscapes include mountainous areas, valleys, and nature reserves while humanized landscapes consist of rural farmland and urban cities. Forests, scrubland, alpine, and subtropical landscapes all contribute to Spain's landscape diversity depending on climate and location.

1. LandscapeS
in Spain
BY: PEDRO SÁNCHEZ HERNÁNDEZ

2. GEOGRAPHICAL RELIEF
The geographical
relief in Spain
IN THE CENTRE
OF PENINSULA:
·Meseta
·Sistema Central
·Montes de Toledo
BORDERING
THE MESETA
·Sistema Ibérico
·Cordillera
Cantábrica
·Montes de León
·Sierra Morena
OUTSIDE THE
MESETA
Montainous areas: Pyrenees,
Mazico Galaioco, Costero
Catalanas, Montes Vascos, Sistemas
Béticos
Large Lowland areas : valleys of
the Ebro and Guadalquivir.

4. • COASTS IN THE NORTH : rocky, with lots
of high cliffs.
• COASTS IN THE SOUTH: with lots of low
and sandy beaches.

5. RIVERS IN SPAIN
• ATLANTIC OCEAN: Miño, Duero, Tajo,
Guadiana and Guadalquivir.
• MEDITERRANEAN SEA: Ter, Ebro,
Llobregat, Turia, Júcar and Segura.
• CANTABRIAN SEA: Nalón, Nervión and
Bidasoa.

7. NATURAL LANDSCAPE
• NATURAL LANDSCAPE: are areas that have
not been transformed by human activity.
• Many of these areas have been made into nature
reserves to protect them from human activity.
• Some of the most important nature reserves in
Spain are national parks.

8. HUMANIZED
LANDSCAPE
• HUMANIZED LANDSCAPE: are areas that
have been transformed by human activity.
• Rural landscape are typical of the countryside. In
these areas, we usually find farmers´ fields. There
are often villages and small towns with short,
narrow streets and low buildings.
• Urban landscape are typical of cities. We usually
find large motorways, wide streets, tall buildings
and a variety of industries.

9. Rural landscape
Urban landscape

10. SPAIN S DIVERSE LANDSCAPE.
• Deciduous forest: oceanic climate. We find this
type of forest in northern Spain, along the
Cantabrian cornice.

11. • Mediterranean forest and scrubland :
mediterranean climate. We can find it in most
areas of the Iberian peninsula and in the Balearic
Islands.

12. • Alpine landscape: mountain climate, Pyrenees,
Cordillera Cantábrica and Sistemas Béticos.

13. • Diverse landscape in the Canary Island: most
parts of the Canary Islands have a subtropical
climate.