This document provides definitions and illustrations of different types of landforms including hills, mountains, valleys, plains, and beaches. Hills are high places smaller than mountains with sloping sides and mostly round tops. Mountains can have rocky peaks or round tops. Valleys are low lands between mountains and hills. Plains are flat lands that spread out over long distances, while beaches are flat, sandy lands along shores that can also sometimes be rocky.
This document discusses Earth's main landforms, identifying valleys, plateaus, mountains, plains, and hills as the five main landforms in the United States. It defines each landform and provides an example of each, with valleys being hollow depressions bounded by hills or mountains, plateaus being large, high, level areas separated by steep slopes such as the Colorado Plateau, mountains being large elevated areas with steep slopes like the Rocky Mountains, plains being flat areas without elevation changes such as the Central Plains, and hills being elevated areas with summits but without steep slopes.
Landforms are natural features of the Earth's surface that include mountains, valleys, canyons, plains, plateaus, islands, lakes, oceans, coasts, deserts, and rivers. Some landforms like mountains are higher areas while others like valleys are lower areas between higher lands. Landforms also include flat plains, plateaus that are higher than surrounding land, islands surrounded by water, lakes surrounded by land, oceans as the largest bodies of water, coasts where oceans touch land, deserts that are hot and dry, and rivers as long flowing bodies of water.
This document defines and describes various landforms and bodies of water. It explains that a bay is an area of water bordered by land on three sides, a gulf is a larger body of water partly surrounded by land, and a peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. It also defines deltas, isthmuses, straits, lakes, mountains, hills, plains, plateaus, rivers, waterfalls, fjords, valleys, glaciers, archipelagos, seas, and oceans.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
This document provides definitions and illustrations of different types of landforms including hills, mountains, valleys, plains, and beaches. Hills are high places smaller than mountains with sloping sides and mostly round tops. Mountains can have rocky peaks or round tops. Valleys are low lands between mountains and hills. Plains are flat lands that spread out over long distances, while beaches are flat, sandy lands along shores that can also sometimes be rocky.
This document discusses Earth's main landforms, identifying valleys, plateaus, mountains, plains, and hills as the five main landforms in the United States. It defines each landform and provides an example of each, with valleys being hollow depressions bounded by hills or mountains, plateaus being large, high, level areas separated by steep slopes such as the Colorado Plateau, mountains being large elevated areas with steep slopes like the Rocky Mountains, plains being flat areas without elevation changes such as the Central Plains, and hills being elevated areas with summits but without steep slopes.
Landforms are natural features of the Earth's surface that include mountains, valleys, canyons, plains, plateaus, islands, lakes, oceans, coasts, deserts, and rivers. Some landforms like mountains are higher areas while others like valleys are lower areas between higher lands. Landforms also include flat plains, plateaus that are higher than surrounding land, islands surrounded by water, lakes surrounded by land, oceans as the largest bodies of water, coasts where oceans touch land, deserts that are hot and dry, and rivers as long flowing bodies of water.
This document defines and describes various landforms and bodies of water. It explains that a bay is an area of water bordered by land on three sides, a gulf is a larger body of water partly surrounded by land, and a peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. It also defines deltas, isthmuses, straits, lakes, mountains, hills, plains, plateaus, rivers, waterfalls, fjords, valleys, glaciers, archipelagos, seas, and oceans.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Poles are the points on Earth where the axis of rotation meets the surface. The north pole is located in the Arctic and the south pole is located in Antarctica. Magnets have poles that attract or repel other magnets and objects, and a compass needle points north because of Earth's magnetic field and poles.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The flowering plant life cycle begins with a seed that germinates when it receives water and heat, sprouting into a seedling. The seedling grows into an adult plant with roots, stem, leaves, and flowers. Pollen moves between flowers via bees, water, wind, and other animals, fertilizing the flowers and causing them to develop into fruits containing new seeds, completing the cycle to begin anew.
The butterfly goes through distinct life cycle stages of egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. The egg hatches into a caterpillar that eats leaves to grow large, then forms a hard shell called a pupa where it transforms into an adult butterfly, which emerges from the pupa fully formed to complete the cycle.
White-tailed deer have a life cycle where fawns are born and drink milk from their mothers to grow. The fawns then become yearlings after one year, still resembling the mother. Finally, the yearlings mature into adult deer after further growth.
The earth changes slowly through natural processes like moving water, wind, and ice. Moving water and wind can break down and carry away rocks and soil. Ice forms in cracks in rocks when water freezes, and the expansion of freezing water pushes rocks further apart, breaking them down over time.
The document discusses four ways the earth changes quickly: volcanoes erupt very hot liquid from openings at the top of mountains; earthquakes occur when the earth's layers shake; floods result when heavy rain falls and water covers the ground; and landslides happen when land and rocks fall from high to low places.
The document discusses different adaptations that animals use to stay safe and prepare for seasonal changes. It explains that tuna fish stay in groups for protection, and in fall animals adapt to the cooling weather and get ready for winter through behaviors like hibernation where they sleep through winter, and migration where some animals like birds and fish live in warmer places during fall and winter before returning in spring.
Fall is characterized by cool weather and wind, prompting people to wear long sleeves and pants. People also enjoy playing in piles of fallen leaves during this season. In summary, fall brings changing weather and opportunities to enjoy the outdoors while bundling up.
Animals have developed adaptations that allow them to survive in their environments. Adaptations can include physical body parts like a giraffe's long neck, a camel's hump, or an anteater's long snout. Adaptations can also include behaviors like hibernation or camouflage through coloration that helps animals hide from predators. Some examples provided are a tarsier's large eyes, a bear's claws, a skunk's smell, a turtle's hard shell, a chameleon changing colors, and a ptarmigan bird changing feather colors between seasons.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Poles are the points on Earth where the axis of rotation meets the surface. The north pole is located in the Arctic and the south pole is located in Antarctica. Magnets have poles that attract or repel other magnets and objects, and a compass needle points north because of Earth's magnetic field and poles.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The flowering plant life cycle begins with a seed that germinates when it receives water and heat, sprouting into a seedling. The seedling grows into an adult plant with roots, stem, leaves, and flowers. Pollen moves between flowers via bees, water, wind, and other animals, fertilizing the flowers and causing them to develop into fruits containing new seeds, completing the cycle to begin anew.
The butterfly goes through distinct life cycle stages of egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. The egg hatches into a caterpillar that eats leaves to grow large, then forms a hard shell called a pupa where it transforms into an adult butterfly, which emerges from the pupa fully formed to complete the cycle.
White-tailed deer have a life cycle where fawns are born and drink milk from their mothers to grow. The fawns then become yearlings after one year, still resembling the mother. Finally, the yearlings mature into adult deer after further growth.
The earth changes slowly through natural processes like moving water, wind, and ice. Moving water and wind can break down and carry away rocks and soil. Ice forms in cracks in rocks when water freezes, and the expansion of freezing water pushes rocks further apart, breaking them down over time.
The document discusses four ways the earth changes quickly: volcanoes erupt very hot liquid from openings at the top of mountains; earthquakes occur when the earth's layers shake; floods result when heavy rain falls and water covers the ground; and landslides happen when land and rocks fall from high to low places.
The document discusses different adaptations that animals use to stay safe and prepare for seasonal changes. It explains that tuna fish stay in groups for protection, and in fall animals adapt to the cooling weather and get ready for winter through behaviors like hibernation where they sleep through winter, and migration where some animals like birds and fish live in warmer places during fall and winter before returning in spring.
Fall is characterized by cool weather and wind, prompting people to wear long sleeves and pants. People also enjoy playing in piles of fallen leaves during this season. In summary, fall brings changing weather and opportunities to enjoy the outdoors while bundling up.
Animals have developed adaptations that allow them to survive in their environments. Adaptations can include physical body parts like a giraffe's long neck, a camel's hump, or an anteater's long snout. Adaptations can also include behaviors like hibernation or camouflage through coloration that helps animals hide from predators. Some examples provided are a tarsier's large eyes, a bear's claws, a skunk's smell, a turtle's hard shell, a chameleon changing colors, and a ptarmigan bird changing feather colors between seasons.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...Sérgio Sacani
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coastsSérgio Sacani
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptxgoluk9330
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...Sérgio Sacani
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.