Lague 1
Writing about Literature
The type of papers you will write and how to write them
For this course, you will be writing literary analysis as formal essays for the midterm and
final exams. They are persuasive in nature. According to William Whitla in his book The English
Handbook: A Guide to Literary Studies, a persuasive essay “attempts to persuade a reader that
the position you are defending is valid . . . . Your case will depend on your evidence, and how
you marshal it for your purposes (88). The evidence used in literary analysis consists of
quotations from the text(s) that support your assertion (thesis) and your interpretation of those
quotations. The biggest difference between what I am describing here and a “research paper” is
that you do not need to do outside research to support your ideas. All the evidence you need is
embedded in the author’s work. Of course, that means you have to read closely and think
carefully about what the author writes in the text(s), but that is part of the study of
literature. Also, the text(s) really are sources for your paper; therefore, you must document every
quotation. This is also true for paraphrases of action and speech in the text(s). In this course, you
must use MLA documentation guidelines. This includes both in-text notations and a Works Cited
page. (Note: This document illustrates the use of introductory signals and in-text notations,
also called parenthetical citations, for all paraphrases and quotations and includes a Works Cited
page, all following MLA guidelines.)
When you receive an assignment, Whitla writes that you must first “separate [the] subject
matter from the formal requirement” (89), like the number of texts/authors your must cover than
the length of the paper. You need to satisfy all the formal requirements of the assignment to earn
Lague 2
your best grade. Then, you have to consider the subject matter of the assignment. Whitla
explains, “Many assignments state or assume an abstract concept, a theme, a mode of character
analysis, or state a position, and then ask you to apply that concept to a limited number of texts .
In many cases, it is clear that . . . the principle is really not open to question” (90). At other
times, you may be allowed to choose your own subject matter. Finally, you need to look at what
the assignment says about the subject matter, looking for key words that explain how you need to
address them. Here is an example from a possible Shakespeare module in this course.
Writing Prompt:
Whether Shakespeare’s sonnets are addressed to the dark lady or the young man,
themes of beauty and love run deeply through all of them. This statement is true
in both those sonnets that follow a more traditional approach and those challenge
the traditional conventions of sonnet-making. Write a 300-word essay, posted in
the appropriate discussion forum, that discusses how Shakespeare develo ...
1 How to Write a Analytical Essay Writing an analyti.docxhoney725342
1
How to Write a Analytical Essay
Writing an analytical essay can seem daunting, especially if you've never done it before. Don't
worry! Take a deep breath, buy yourself a caffeinated beverage, and follow these steps to create
a well-crafted analytical essay.
What do you want to analyze?
Your analysis must have the following four sections:
Introduction
Summary
Analysis
Conclusion (optional)
Part 1: Prewriting your essay
1. Understand the objective of an analytical essay. An analytical essay means you will
need to present some type of argument, or claim, about what you are analyzing. Most
often you will have to analyze another piece of writing or a film, but you could also be
asked to analyze an issue, or an idea. To do this, you must break the topic down into parts
and provide evidence, either from the text/film or from your own research, that supports
your claim.
For example, "Stanley Kubrick's The Shining uses a repeating motif of Native American
culture and art to comment on America's history of colonizing Native Americans' lands" is an
analytical thesis. It is analyzing a particular text and setting forth an argument about it in the
form of a thesis statement.
2. Decide what to write about. If you are writing this for a class, your teacher will
generally assign you a topic (or topics) to write about. Read the prompt carefully. What is
the prompt asking you to do? However, sometimes you will have to come up with your
own topic.
If you're writing an analytical essay about a work of fiction, you could focus your
argument on what motivates a specific character or group of characters. Or, you could
argue why a certain line or paragraph is central to the work as a whole. For example:
Explore the concept of vengeance in the epic poem Beowulf.
If you're writing about a historical event, try focusing on the forces that contributed to
what happened.
If you're writing about scientific research or findings, analyze your results.
2
3. Brainstorm. You may not immediately know what your thesis statement should be, even
once you've chosen your topic. That's okay! Doing some brainstorming can help you
discover what you think about your topic. Consider it from as many angles as you can.
[2]
Look for repeated imagery, metaphors, phrases, or ideas. Things that repeat are often
important. See if you can decipher why these things are so crucial. Do they repeat in the
same way each time, or differently?
How does the text work? If you're writing a rhetorical analysis, for example, you might
analyze how the author uses logical appeals to support her argument and decide whether
you think the argument is effective. If you're analyzing a creative work, consider things
like imagery, visuals in a film, etc. If you're analyzing research, you may want to
consider the methods and results and analyze whether the experiment is a good design.
A mind map can be hel ...
Comparative Literature 203 The European Novel Whats in an (Auth.docxmonicafrancis71118
Comparative Literature 203: The European Novel: What's in an (Author's) Name?
Fall 2010
Abstract guide
Our goal for this course is to engage thoughtfully, deeply, and creatively with our texts. To this end, all of your papers will reflect your engagement with our texts without (or with extremely minimal) recourse to secondary materials. There will be four formal writing assignments for the class: three short “abstracts” (1-2 pp) and one longer paper (5-6 pp). These assignments are all sustained close-reading assignments. Ideally, each paper will be an extension of the conversations that we’ve had in class and/or on various assignments. Your essays should reflect your individual engagement with our texts. They are not “research” papers or “reports”; you do not need to consult secondary sources. (You should use secondary sources only for verifying factual information, and only if this factual information is necessary for your argument – eg: confirming that Foucault's essay in part responds to Barthes'). The purpose of these papers is NOT to show that you’ve read the texts – I take it for granted that you’ve been doing the reading – or to reiterate an “expert” opinion.
Goals: to attack a single issue thoroughly (instead of trying to solve the mysteries of the universe in a short paper); to be attentive to the interaction between the stylistics and ideas of a text (the way that how the author tells a story through particular rhetorical choices influences our reading of what the text "means").
The abstract is so named (or misnamed) because you may be writing with an eye toward your longer paper. You will be doing a close reading of a short passage from one of the texts that we are studying. This may end up being the starting point for the longer paper, but need not be. The abstract is not, however, merely an informal paper proposal. While you may be thinking about it as a starting point for a longer essay, please also be aware that it will be graded as a close reading in its own right.
For this assignment you will:
1) Select and photocopy a short passage from one of the works we are studying. Your selection should be no more than two continuousparagraphs or half a page long, whichever is shorter. Attach this to your assignment.
2) Highlight (or underline or circle) two or three SHORT pieces of language (preferrably single words, but 3-4 word images are also fine) on the photocopy of the text you’ve chosen that together add up to a constellation of meaning that we may have missed on a casual reading. These short units should form a pattern that convincingly suggests the story's interest in a particular idea. Your chosen language should not just add up to a summary of the major theme of the text as a whole. Often, the more removed or seemingly "off-topic" your pattern of language is, the more you'll have to work with in thinking about how this strange pattern modifies or asks questions about the text's ostensible main idea.
3) Do a close rea.
1 How to Write a Analytical Essay Writing an analyti.docxhoney725342
1
How to Write a Analytical Essay
Writing an analytical essay can seem daunting, especially if you've never done it before. Don't
worry! Take a deep breath, buy yourself a caffeinated beverage, and follow these steps to create
a well-crafted analytical essay.
What do you want to analyze?
Your analysis must have the following four sections:
Introduction
Summary
Analysis
Conclusion (optional)
Part 1: Prewriting your essay
1. Understand the objective of an analytical essay. An analytical essay means you will
need to present some type of argument, or claim, about what you are analyzing. Most
often you will have to analyze another piece of writing or a film, but you could also be
asked to analyze an issue, or an idea. To do this, you must break the topic down into parts
and provide evidence, either from the text/film or from your own research, that supports
your claim.
For example, "Stanley Kubrick's The Shining uses a repeating motif of Native American
culture and art to comment on America's history of colonizing Native Americans' lands" is an
analytical thesis. It is analyzing a particular text and setting forth an argument about it in the
form of a thesis statement.
2. Decide what to write about. If you are writing this for a class, your teacher will
generally assign you a topic (or topics) to write about. Read the prompt carefully. What is
the prompt asking you to do? However, sometimes you will have to come up with your
own topic.
If you're writing an analytical essay about a work of fiction, you could focus your
argument on what motivates a specific character or group of characters. Or, you could
argue why a certain line or paragraph is central to the work as a whole. For example:
Explore the concept of vengeance in the epic poem Beowulf.
If you're writing about a historical event, try focusing on the forces that contributed to
what happened.
If you're writing about scientific research or findings, analyze your results.
2
3. Brainstorm. You may not immediately know what your thesis statement should be, even
once you've chosen your topic. That's okay! Doing some brainstorming can help you
discover what you think about your topic. Consider it from as many angles as you can.
[2]
Look for repeated imagery, metaphors, phrases, or ideas. Things that repeat are often
important. See if you can decipher why these things are so crucial. Do they repeat in the
same way each time, or differently?
How does the text work? If you're writing a rhetorical analysis, for example, you might
analyze how the author uses logical appeals to support her argument and decide whether
you think the argument is effective. If you're analyzing a creative work, consider things
like imagery, visuals in a film, etc. If you're analyzing research, you may want to
consider the methods and results and analyze whether the experiment is a good design.
A mind map can be hel ...
Comparative Literature 203 The European Novel Whats in an (Auth.docxmonicafrancis71118
Comparative Literature 203: The European Novel: What's in an (Author's) Name?
Fall 2010
Abstract guide
Our goal for this course is to engage thoughtfully, deeply, and creatively with our texts. To this end, all of your papers will reflect your engagement with our texts without (or with extremely minimal) recourse to secondary materials. There will be four formal writing assignments for the class: three short “abstracts” (1-2 pp) and one longer paper (5-6 pp). These assignments are all sustained close-reading assignments. Ideally, each paper will be an extension of the conversations that we’ve had in class and/or on various assignments. Your essays should reflect your individual engagement with our texts. They are not “research” papers or “reports”; you do not need to consult secondary sources. (You should use secondary sources only for verifying factual information, and only if this factual information is necessary for your argument – eg: confirming that Foucault's essay in part responds to Barthes'). The purpose of these papers is NOT to show that you’ve read the texts – I take it for granted that you’ve been doing the reading – or to reiterate an “expert” opinion.
Goals: to attack a single issue thoroughly (instead of trying to solve the mysteries of the universe in a short paper); to be attentive to the interaction between the stylistics and ideas of a text (the way that how the author tells a story through particular rhetorical choices influences our reading of what the text "means").
The abstract is so named (or misnamed) because you may be writing with an eye toward your longer paper. You will be doing a close reading of a short passage from one of the texts that we are studying. This may end up being the starting point for the longer paper, but need not be. The abstract is not, however, merely an informal paper proposal. While you may be thinking about it as a starting point for a longer essay, please also be aware that it will be graded as a close reading in its own right.
For this assignment you will:
1) Select and photocopy a short passage from one of the works we are studying. Your selection should be no more than two continuousparagraphs or half a page long, whichever is shorter. Attach this to your assignment.
2) Highlight (or underline or circle) two or three SHORT pieces of language (preferrably single words, but 3-4 word images are also fine) on the photocopy of the text you’ve chosen that together add up to a constellation of meaning that we may have missed on a casual reading. These short units should form a pattern that convincingly suggests the story's interest in a particular idea. Your chosen language should not just add up to a summary of the major theme of the text as a whole. Often, the more removed or seemingly "off-topic" your pattern of language is, the more you'll have to work with in thinking about how this strange pattern modifies or asks questions about the text's ostensible main idea.
3) Do a close rea.
The Three-Part Topic Proposal for ResearchSave this file to your.docxssusera34210
The Three-Part Topic Proposal for Research
Save this file to your computer; type in your responses for each of the three areas below, and then upload your work by the deadline using the dropbox in Module 11.
Step 1:Explanation
Write a one-paragraph explanation. (This is not an introductory paragraph for the paper.) This should be an explanation of your focused topic and what you hope to prove to your reader through your analysis.
Step 2:Working Thesis
Really think about what you wrote in the explanation and pull it together by creating a working thesis. You will likely continue to revise and edit this thesis. Remember: A THESIS should include the focused topic plus your assertion about the significance of that topic. It should be argumentative in nature, since it is an opinion that you will prove through a close analysis of the details of the text.
Step 3: Tentative Outline
Now create a tentative outline for your working thesis. In other words, how will you break up your body paragraphs to prove or support the thesis?
Assignment:
APPROACH #2:
Another approach would be to expand on an idea addressed briefly in one of your discussion posts. Remember, you'll need to create a focused thesis statement. The prompts below can be used to create an assertion that you could then prove in your body paragraphs through a close analysis of the primary source (the work we studied) and through support from your secondary sources (literary criticism).
Edgar Allan Poe - "The Fall of the House of Usher"
Analyze the use of parallels or mirror images in this story. How does this kind of imagery support a thematic idea running throughout the story?
· SOURCES: You must use a minimum of THREE secondary sources. You will cite the work you are analyzing, of course, but it is a primary source. Therefore, you will have a minimum of FOUR sources listed on your Works Cited page. At least ONE of your secondary sources must be an article from a scholarly journal accessed via an LSCS library database. You must not use Cliffs Notes or Bloom's Notes or the like, basic dictionaries or encyclopedias, or any plot summaries. You should select reputable sources of literary criticism that help you prove your thesis. If, in addition to these minimum source requirements, you would like to briefly cite a source such as The Bible or a specialized dictionary - that is fine. If in doubt about the quality of a source, ask me or a reference librarian. An essay that does not meet the minimum source requirements will earn an automatic F.
· LENGTH: The essay must be 3-4 textual pages (not including the Works Cited page). The essay must follow MLA manuscript form guidelines stated in the 7th edition of the MLA Handbook. The text of the essay must be 3 full textual pages, meaning it will reach the bottom, one-inch margin on the third page of a correctly formatted Word document. An essay that does not meet the minimum length requirements will earn an automatic F. Plea ...
I have term paper the descreption is down. the bulding I choose H.docxtroutmanboris
I have term paper the descreption is down. the bulding I choose :
Houses of Parliament, London
PAPER ASSIGNMENT
Format
The term paper for this class will be a thesis-guided argumentative academic paper that is to be at least 2000 words long. It must contain a thesis statement that states your paper’s main scholarly idea. This thesis should be explained and supported by sufficient analysis and interpretation. The paper should adhere to college level grammar and syntax. Be aware that every architectural part has its proper name or term. Using the right terminology makes the reader more confident about your knowledge of the subject you are writing about. There should be at least one illustration as well as correctly formatted foot- or endnotes.
Most of the formulations and statements in your paper will be arguments. These are usually presented in individual paragraphs, which should be organized in an easily recognizable narrative sequence that presents and argues your topic in the most convincing manner. In general, use language that connects you to the reader of your paper. Inform the reader of your position towards the paper topic and the thesis you are making. Use a formal academic tone and complex sentence structure for the arguments you make, but also introduce a rhythm with more personal comments about the information you provide.
Close your paper with a conclusion, in which you tie your solution back to the initial question and thesis of the paper. Since your reader knows now more than before reading your paper, it might be interesting for him/her to learn the larger context of your topic. Through this, your reader may remember your paper more vividly.
Revise your paper until you have reached a simple and direct way to present your thesis and arguments.
Topic
The paper topic is described earlier in this syllabus. The paper should present “productive” knowledge. This type of knowledge is different from “acquisitive” one that you simply copy from existing publications. The paper must answer questions of “why,” not just of “what.” It should contain propositional thoughts about architecture, e.g., how it fits into the everyday life of a place and its people, or how it evolved over time, or how the problems it faces today have developed through its history. To accomplish this task, you should formulate a speculative idea, which you then explain with, and analyze against, the existing body of knowledge about architecture. Beginning the paper with a question about this idea will be the best approach to finishing this assignment.
To a large part, analyzing means collecting (believable and convincing) evidence that support your paper’s topic. For this paper, most evidence will come from established and accepted research texts on the topic you have chosen. You must explain objectively how the evidence you picked supports your thesis. It is this connection that is most important to the reader of your paper. To complete this successfully, you mus.
Length No fewer than 6 pages or 2100 words (whichever is more.docxsmile790243
Length: No fewer than 6 pages or 2100 words (whichever is more); no more than 8 pages or
2800 words (whichever is less). The paper should be double spaced with 11-pt or 12-pt font and
1-inch margins. Font should be Times or Palatino only. Do not include a title page.
Other requirements: Paper must be carefully edited using grammar/spell-check, and also
proofread by a human brain other than your own. Your submission should be written in a formal
tone, without making use of conversational or colloquial English. This paper satisfies part of the
disciplinary communication (DC) requirement, so it must be written with serious care. It needs a
clear introduction with thesis statement, logically developed body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
No citations or direct quotes are necessary, although you are welcome to include a quote from the
original theory if it was one of the ones that we read. If you do use any direct quotes, please
include a “Works Cited” list at the end of your paper. This page is not part of your page or word
count.
TOPIC DESCRIPTION
At the beginning of the quarter, I introduced the idea of a metaphorical “dinner party with social
theorists.” In this paper, you will demonstrate your ability to apply concepts from classical social
theory to the contemporary social world by putting several different theories into conversation
with one another. Your goal is to show how classical theory helps to explain and/or fails to
explain the origin/operation of your social problem or feature of the social world (as you
understand it). Here’s how to proceed:
1. Choose either (A) a social problem that you feel passionate about or (B) a feature of the
social world that you find fascinating. Examples of social problems could include things
like racial tracking in education or the conservative attack on labor unions; examples of
features of the social world could include behavior like internet trolling or trends in
romantic relationships among college-age people. The possibilities are quite endless. The
easiest topic to work with will be specific and narrow, and also something that you are
personally invested in (we will take Weber’s advice about value-relevance here ☺ ).
2. Analyze your topic through the lens of three different theorists that we have covered this
quarter. Most of you will find it easiest to use Marx/Weber/Durkheim, but you are
welcome to use others we have covered as well if you feel inclined to do so.
HOW TO ORGANIZE YOUR THOUGHTS BEFORE WRITING
1. Once you’ve chosen your area of focus, write down some general ideas for yourself about
how you understand it. For example, if you’ve picked the school-to-prison pipeline, you
can sketch out a general statement of what you already know about it, where you learned
what you know, and what questions you still have.
2. Pick which three theorists you are going to use.
3. From each theorist, choose three concepts, terms, or theories. Since we talked about ...
Essay Topic Is intelligence a unitary ability, or are there mul.docxdebishakespeare
Essay Topic
Is intelligence a unitary ability, or are there multiple intelligences?
Answer: Multiple intelligences (must choose ONLY ONE theory and support it so I choose Gardner’s theory)- because the essay has to be based on the essay plan
Also, must give counter argument for those who criticize Gardner’s theory because he is not a science guy and Gardner keeps changing his idea of how many multiple intelligences exist.
References: 15 to 20 references
Need to put running head and page number Essay (1500 words) 30%
(Word count excludes title page, title and reference list)
It is expected that you will use the feedback received for your essay plan in developing your full essay
To be submitted via the Assignment Dropbox on LMS. Hard copy assignments are not accepted.
The main outcomes of the PSY141 Essay are for students to:
· Develop an understanding of the main perspectives, methodologies, and topic areas within the discipline of Psychology
· Be able to use the Murdoch Library Catalogue, Findit and PsycINFO database proficiently to ensure quality research during your psychology studies
· Be able to use correct APA style referencing
· Be able to write an APA style psychological essay
The main aim of this assignment is for you to present a well thought out and structured argumentative essay in response to one of the essay questions.
Your essay should:
· Present an argument in response to one essay question
· Show evidence of critical thought.
· Be well-supported by scholarly psychological publications.
· Be carefully checked for errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation.
· Be formatted to APA style. Your essay should contain:
· A title page
· An essay
· An introduction
· A body
· A conclusion
· A reference list
Title Page
The title page should contain the following information:
The unit name and code
Your name and student number
The name of your tutor as well as your tutorial day and time
The essay question you are answering
The title of your essay
The word count for your assignment (excluding title page, title and references)
Title
The title should be relevant, clear and simple. A title should capture the main idea that you will explore in your essay. In other words, the title should be a succinct description of the main argument put forward in your essay (i.e., your position on the topic) and should not normally be longer than 20 words.
The title should appear on your title page as well as on the top of the first page above your introduction. Format the title in 12 point Times New Roman Font. The title should be in bold and centred.
For the essay, you should also include a running head (a shorter version of your original title).
A running head is located in the top left hand margin of each page of your assignment.
The Essay
The essay includes three sections:
An introduction
A body
A conclusion
A good essay is a kind of narrative story you want to tell to your reader and the main focus of this narrative is yo.
please write a short essay to address the following questions. Lengt.docxDIPESH30
please write a short essay to address the following questions. Length: 500 word count to the minimum.
“Blogs, Twitter, Facebook, and a host of other news and social-media sites have allowed average citizens to become newsmakers. Is this a good or bad thing? Is the increase in citizen journalism leading to inaccuracies in reporting? Or can we trust that Americans will “consider the source” and verify any questionable information they read on a blog?”
Requirements:
1.Word count: 500.
2.Submissions must be in Word format (doc, docx) or Rich Text format (rtf). Attached file sent to my email will not be graded.
3.VeriCite has been activated to prevent plagiarism and no credit will be issued if Similarity Index points to 20% or higher.
.
please write a diary entry from the perspective of a French Revoluti.docxDIPESH30
please write a diary entry from the perspective of a French Revolutionary of the Third Estate (bourgeoisie, worker, or peasant), a member of the First Estate (clergy) or a member of the Second Estate (nobles). Your entry should have a well established mood, or writing that evokes certain feelings or emotions in readers through words and descriptions. Some examples of mood through setting, diction, and tone can be found
HERE
.
In addition, your journal should incorporate at least
THREE
of the following vocabulary terms:
Louis XVI
Estates-General
National Assembly
Tennis Court Oath
estate (First, Second, Third)
The Enlightenment
Great Fear
.
More Related Content
Similar to Lague 1 Writing about Literature The type of pape.docx
The Three-Part Topic Proposal for ResearchSave this file to your.docxssusera34210
The Three-Part Topic Proposal for Research
Save this file to your computer; type in your responses for each of the three areas below, and then upload your work by the deadline using the dropbox in Module 11.
Step 1:Explanation
Write a one-paragraph explanation. (This is not an introductory paragraph for the paper.) This should be an explanation of your focused topic and what you hope to prove to your reader through your analysis.
Step 2:Working Thesis
Really think about what you wrote in the explanation and pull it together by creating a working thesis. You will likely continue to revise and edit this thesis. Remember: A THESIS should include the focused topic plus your assertion about the significance of that topic. It should be argumentative in nature, since it is an opinion that you will prove through a close analysis of the details of the text.
Step 3: Tentative Outline
Now create a tentative outline for your working thesis. In other words, how will you break up your body paragraphs to prove or support the thesis?
Assignment:
APPROACH #2:
Another approach would be to expand on an idea addressed briefly in one of your discussion posts. Remember, you'll need to create a focused thesis statement. The prompts below can be used to create an assertion that you could then prove in your body paragraphs through a close analysis of the primary source (the work we studied) and through support from your secondary sources (literary criticism).
Edgar Allan Poe - "The Fall of the House of Usher"
Analyze the use of parallels or mirror images in this story. How does this kind of imagery support a thematic idea running throughout the story?
· SOURCES: You must use a minimum of THREE secondary sources. You will cite the work you are analyzing, of course, but it is a primary source. Therefore, you will have a minimum of FOUR sources listed on your Works Cited page. At least ONE of your secondary sources must be an article from a scholarly journal accessed via an LSCS library database. You must not use Cliffs Notes or Bloom's Notes or the like, basic dictionaries or encyclopedias, or any plot summaries. You should select reputable sources of literary criticism that help you prove your thesis. If, in addition to these minimum source requirements, you would like to briefly cite a source such as The Bible or a specialized dictionary - that is fine. If in doubt about the quality of a source, ask me or a reference librarian. An essay that does not meet the minimum source requirements will earn an automatic F.
· LENGTH: The essay must be 3-4 textual pages (not including the Works Cited page). The essay must follow MLA manuscript form guidelines stated in the 7th edition of the MLA Handbook. The text of the essay must be 3 full textual pages, meaning it will reach the bottom, one-inch margin on the third page of a correctly formatted Word document. An essay that does not meet the minimum length requirements will earn an automatic F. Plea ...
I have term paper the descreption is down. the bulding I choose H.docxtroutmanboris
I have term paper the descreption is down. the bulding I choose :
Houses of Parliament, London
PAPER ASSIGNMENT
Format
The term paper for this class will be a thesis-guided argumentative academic paper that is to be at least 2000 words long. It must contain a thesis statement that states your paper’s main scholarly idea. This thesis should be explained and supported by sufficient analysis and interpretation. The paper should adhere to college level grammar and syntax. Be aware that every architectural part has its proper name or term. Using the right terminology makes the reader more confident about your knowledge of the subject you are writing about. There should be at least one illustration as well as correctly formatted foot- or endnotes.
Most of the formulations and statements in your paper will be arguments. These are usually presented in individual paragraphs, which should be organized in an easily recognizable narrative sequence that presents and argues your topic in the most convincing manner. In general, use language that connects you to the reader of your paper. Inform the reader of your position towards the paper topic and the thesis you are making. Use a formal academic tone and complex sentence structure for the arguments you make, but also introduce a rhythm with more personal comments about the information you provide.
Close your paper with a conclusion, in which you tie your solution back to the initial question and thesis of the paper. Since your reader knows now more than before reading your paper, it might be interesting for him/her to learn the larger context of your topic. Through this, your reader may remember your paper more vividly.
Revise your paper until you have reached a simple and direct way to present your thesis and arguments.
Topic
The paper topic is described earlier in this syllabus. The paper should present “productive” knowledge. This type of knowledge is different from “acquisitive” one that you simply copy from existing publications. The paper must answer questions of “why,” not just of “what.” It should contain propositional thoughts about architecture, e.g., how it fits into the everyday life of a place and its people, or how it evolved over time, or how the problems it faces today have developed through its history. To accomplish this task, you should formulate a speculative idea, which you then explain with, and analyze against, the existing body of knowledge about architecture. Beginning the paper with a question about this idea will be the best approach to finishing this assignment.
To a large part, analyzing means collecting (believable and convincing) evidence that support your paper’s topic. For this paper, most evidence will come from established and accepted research texts on the topic you have chosen. You must explain objectively how the evidence you picked supports your thesis. It is this connection that is most important to the reader of your paper. To complete this successfully, you mus.
Length No fewer than 6 pages or 2100 words (whichever is more.docxsmile790243
Length: No fewer than 6 pages or 2100 words (whichever is more); no more than 8 pages or
2800 words (whichever is less). The paper should be double spaced with 11-pt or 12-pt font and
1-inch margins. Font should be Times or Palatino only. Do not include a title page.
Other requirements: Paper must be carefully edited using grammar/spell-check, and also
proofread by a human brain other than your own. Your submission should be written in a formal
tone, without making use of conversational or colloquial English. This paper satisfies part of the
disciplinary communication (DC) requirement, so it must be written with serious care. It needs a
clear introduction with thesis statement, logically developed body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
No citations or direct quotes are necessary, although you are welcome to include a quote from the
original theory if it was one of the ones that we read. If you do use any direct quotes, please
include a “Works Cited” list at the end of your paper. This page is not part of your page or word
count.
TOPIC DESCRIPTION
At the beginning of the quarter, I introduced the idea of a metaphorical “dinner party with social
theorists.” In this paper, you will demonstrate your ability to apply concepts from classical social
theory to the contemporary social world by putting several different theories into conversation
with one another. Your goal is to show how classical theory helps to explain and/or fails to
explain the origin/operation of your social problem or feature of the social world (as you
understand it). Here’s how to proceed:
1. Choose either (A) a social problem that you feel passionate about or (B) a feature of the
social world that you find fascinating. Examples of social problems could include things
like racial tracking in education or the conservative attack on labor unions; examples of
features of the social world could include behavior like internet trolling or trends in
romantic relationships among college-age people. The possibilities are quite endless. The
easiest topic to work with will be specific and narrow, and also something that you are
personally invested in (we will take Weber’s advice about value-relevance here ☺ ).
2. Analyze your topic through the lens of three different theorists that we have covered this
quarter. Most of you will find it easiest to use Marx/Weber/Durkheim, but you are
welcome to use others we have covered as well if you feel inclined to do so.
HOW TO ORGANIZE YOUR THOUGHTS BEFORE WRITING
1. Once you’ve chosen your area of focus, write down some general ideas for yourself about
how you understand it. For example, if you’ve picked the school-to-prison pipeline, you
can sketch out a general statement of what you already know about it, where you learned
what you know, and what questions you still have.
2. Pick which three theorists you are going to use.
3. From each theorist, choose three concepts, terms, or theories. Since we talked about ...
Essay Topic Is intelligence a unitary ability, or are there mul.docxdebishakespeare
Essay Topic
Is intelligence a unitary ability, or are there multiple intelligences?
Answer: Multiple intelligences (must choose ONLY ONE theory and support it so I choose Gardner’s theory)- because the essay has to be based on the essay plan
Also, must give counter argument for those who criticize Gardner’s theory because he is not a science guy and Gardner keeps changing his idea of how many multiple intelligences exist.
References: 15 to 20 references
Need to put running head and page number Essay (1500 words) 30%
(Word count excludes title page, title and reference list)
It is expected that you will use the feedback received for your essay plan in developing your full essay
To be submitted via the Assignment Dropbox on LMS. Hard copy assignments are not accepted.
The main outcomes of the PSY141 Essay are for students to:
· Develop an understanding of the main perspectives, methodologies, and topic areas within the discipline of Psychology
· Be able to use the Murdoch Library Catalogue, Findit and PsycINFO database proficiently to ensure quality research during your psychology studies
· Be able to use correct APA style referencing
· Be able to write an APA style psychological essay
The main aim of this assignment is for you to present a well thought out and structured argumentative essay in response to one of the essay questions.
Your essay should:
· Present an argument in response to one essay question
· Show evidence of critical thought.
· Be well-supported by scholarly psychological publications.
· Be carefully checked for errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation.
· Be formatted to APA style. Your essay should contain:
· A title page
· An essay
· An introduction
· A body
· A conclusion
· A reference list
Title Page
The title page should contain the following information:
The unit name and code
Your name and student number
The name of your tutor as well as your tutorial day and time
The essay question you are answering
The title of your essay
The word count for your assignment (excluding title page, title and references)
Title
The title should be relevant, clear and simple. A title should capture the main idea that you will explore in your essay. In other words, the title should be a succinct description of the main argument put forward in your essay (i.e., your position on the topic) and should not normally be longer than 20 words.
The title should appear on your title page as well as on the top of the first page above your introduction. Format the title in 12 point Times New Roman Font. The title should be in bold and centred.
For the essay, you should also include a running head (a shorter version of your original title).
A running head is located in the top left hand margin of each page of your assignment.
The Essay
The essay includes three sections:
An introduction
A body
A conclusion
A good essay is a kind of narrative story you want to tell to your reader and the main focus of this narrative is yo.
please write a short essay to address the following questions. Lengt.docxDIPESH30
please write a short essay to address the following questions. Length: 500 word count to the minimum.
“Blogs, Twitter, Facebook, and a host of other news and social-media sites have allowed average citizens to become newsmakers. Is this a good or bad thing? Is the increase in citizen journalism leading to inaccuracies in reporting? Or can we trust that Americans will “consider the source” and verify any questionable information they read on a blog?”
Requirements:
1.Word count: 500.
2.Submissions must be in Word format (doc, docx) or Rich Text format (rtf). Attached file sent to my email will not be graded.
3.VeriCite has been activated to prevent plagiarism and no credit will be issued if Similarity Index points to 20% or higher.
.
please write a diary entry from the perspective of a French Revoluti.docxDIPESH30
please write a diary entry from the perspective of a French Revolutionary of the Third Estate (bourgeoisie, worker, or peasant), a member of the First Estate (clergy) or a member of the Second Estate (nobles). Your entry should have a well established mood, or writing that evokes certain feelings or emotions in readers through words and descriptions. Some examples of mood through setting, diction, and tone can be found
HERE
.
In addition, your journal should incorporate at least
THREE
of the following vocabulary terms:
Louis XVI
Estates-General
National Assembly
Tennis Court Oath
estate (First, Second, Third)
The Enlightenment
Great Fear
.
Please write the definition for these words and provide .docxDIPESH30
Please write the definition for these words and
provide two
examples
for each one
The definition should relate to “linguistic form“ / grammar
See attached file. you have
three hours and an half
to do the assignemnt
.
Please view the filmThomas A. Edison Father of Invention, A .docxDIPESH30
Please view the film:
Thomas A. Edison: Father of Invention
, A & E Television (New York, NY: A & E Television Networks, 1996); Available on the Hagerty Library catalogue at: http://records.library.drexel.edu/record=b2133926~S9
And discuss:
Edison is portrayed rather herocially in this film, what would you do to present a more balanced view of Edison the man and inventor? Based on my lecture, discuss why or why not Edison should be considered the creator of the light bulb?
.
Please watch the clip from the movie The Break Up. Then reflect w.docxDIPESH30
Please watch the clip from the movie "The Break Up." Then reflect who you think is most at fault and why.
Then I would you like to think about a conflict you have had and think about what could have been done differently to resolve it.
Write a one page paper (double spaced)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bqhVqTuFO4
.
please write a report on Social Media and ERP SystemReport should.docxDIPESH30
please write a report on Social Media and ERP System:
Report should be a detail study on social media, effects of social media on business.Use of ERP Systems in social media and its benefits.During presentatio the students should present the use of ERP Systems in the social media aspect.
pages: 15
font size: 11
spaces: 1.5
please see attached file
due date tomorrow, within 24 hour
.
Please write 200 wordsHow has the healthcare delivery system chang.docxDIPESH30
Please write 200 words
How has the healthcare delivery system changed?
For what types of patients and what types of care does each of the systems deliver? Would a patient have a need for more than one system? When (give examples and explain)?
What are the regulations related to the medical staff? What purpose do these regulations serve?
.
Please view the documentary on Typhoid Mary at httpswww..docxDIPESH30
Please view the documentary on Typhoid Mary at:
https
://
www
.
youtube
.com/watch?v=
Mc
8O9
EnAuLo
And read:
- Priscilla Wald, “Cultures and Carriers: "Typhoid Mary" and the Science of Social Control,”
Social Text
, No. 52/53,
Queer
Transexions
of Race, Nation, and Gender
(Autumn - Winter, 1997), pp. 181-214; Available in the Readings Folder and on JSTOR at:
http
://
www
.
jstor
.
org
/stable/466739
Then discuss:
Wald discusses how the concept of "social control" relates or is exemplified by the Mary
Mallon
ca
se
. Choose one of the aspects of Wald's argument and discuss how it relates to the Typhoid Mary documentary. Do these help us understand the significance the 'Typhoid Mary' case has for the history of medicine, or for the treatment of epidemics today?
.
Please use the two attachments posted to complete work. Detailed in.docxDIPESH30
Please use the two attachments posted to complete work. Detailed instructions, notes / additional information, links and some resources are listed therein.
#1. Discussion due Thursday 12/11/14 Noon
#2. Paper due Saturday 12/13/14 Noon
******12/11/14 Edit to add additional research sources for you if need for part2 of assignment.
Davidson, W. H. (1979). FACTOR ENDOWMENT, INNOVATION AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY.
Kyklos
,
32
(4), 764.
Handlin, A. H. (2011).
Government Grief : How to Help Your Small Business Survive Mindless Regulation, Political Corruption and Red Tape
. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger.
Warren, R. C. (2003). The evolution of business legitimacy.
European Business Review,
15
(3), 153. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/225421529?accountid=8289
.
Please use the sources in the outline (see photos)The research.docxDIPESH30
Please use the sources in the outline (see photos)
The research essay is to be 12 pages, typed, double-spaced. 10-12 sources are to be used. It is to be on a social policy area and may focus on Canada, or Canada in comparative perspective.
1.
Discuss the National Child Benefit, introduced in 1997. Has this measure been effective in reducing child poverty? Can this measure be seen as the further extension of neoliberalism, or as a new form of state-provided social investment?
Please make a clear and wordy thesis (highlight this in red) use notions of this thesis throughout the paper please. Clear and concise english as this is a university level paper.
Please include your own ideas as well as recommendations.
if a point is made please provide proof with the sources or readings
Please use APA FORMAT.
Please ensure that the paper follows the format suggested in the outline.
.
Please submit a minimum of five (5) detailed and discussion-provokin.docxDIPESH30
Please submit a minimum of five (5) detailed and discussion-provoking questions based on the recent reading assignments, video clips and the other websites assigned.
Only complete questions will earn credit. Therefore, it is important for you to think carefully about formulating the kinds of questions intended to stimulate conversations. Ask detailed and specific, rather than broad, general questions. Do not ask, for example, ‘When was the first Mission established in California?’ Instead, ask something like ‘What is the ideological agenda behind maintaining figures like Father Junipero Serra as heroic in California textbooks?’
Other examples include:
Does recent news media coverage of the “riots” in Baltimore, Ferguson and other cities promote a message that is pro-police? If not, how does it engender understanding of the root causes of many of the frustrations of local residents?
In the film “Banned in Arizona,” why does Superintendent Tom Horne argue in favor of “individualism” and why does he say that the Mexican American Studies program encourages radical thinking? What, if anything, is radical about the way those courses teach students in Tucson, Arizona?
If the U.S. reinstated a Vietnam War era-like military draft instead of relying upon the current all-volunteer force, would current public support for war change at all? If so, how?
Please consider these guidelines in composing your questions:
1. Make certain to ask at least one question from each source.
2. Ask questions about things that interest you.
3. Write your questions as though you were asking them to the entire class.
4. Be sure to make specific reference to the readings in each question. Many good questions require at least two sentences.
5. Try and use the questions to critique the author's opinion.
6. These homework questions should attempt to raise larger issues and---when possible---to relate the readings to issues in our current world.
"This week, I want us to think about the concept of
bias
, and its application in the places we consume information. This is tricky territory because even the very presentation of this unit is fraught with bias—my personal bias, or frame of reference. I’m going to ask you to read a collection of articles that I think are important, but they all clearly have a perspective and an agenda that comes from a particular worldview. So let’s get that out in the open. Maybe nothing in your liberal arts education is free from bias, but that does not mean we shy away from considering the information, ideas, arguments and critiques.
What is bias? For the purposes of our consideration, bias is really just about a set of values that can color or distort fair judgment. We can sometimes recognize obvious bias in others, especially when people use overtly discriminatory or offensive language, or have a clear political or ideological perspective that makes everything they present go through that lens. But more than anything else, I want us to think a.
Please think about the various learning activities you engaged in du.docxDIPESH30
Please think about the various learning activities you engaged in during this unit.
write one page summarizing the following:
Multiculturalism plays an important role in many schools today.
How can this be incorporated into everyday lessons related to health, safety, and nutrition?
How has your school (or your children’s school) incorporated multiculturalism into their lesson?
.
Please type out the question and answer it underneath. Each question.docxDIPESH30
Please type out the question and answer it underneath. Each question should be about a page long DOUBLE SPACED and cited.
Please use the articles that I PROVIDE!
Due date is this Sunday the 14th.
First two articles answer the questions 1 & 2 , the last article answers question 3
PLEASE FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS
.
Please use the following technique-Outline the legal issues t.docxDIPESH30
Please use the following technique:
-
Outline the legal issues that you are going to discuss in your answer
-
Define the legal rules that are relevant to the question
-
Apply the legal rules to the facts of the question
-
Formulate a decision of which party should be successful
The use of headings for each relationship discussed is suggested.
Application of legal principles to the facts is the most important and often the hardest step. I am more interested in how you arrived at your answer, than the actual conclusions that you draw. Having said that, the “kitchen sink approach” is not suggested – i.e. spilling all of your knowledge that is vaguely related to the issue raised into your answer.
Please do not simply say, “Andrew is liable for negligence.” You must go through the analysis for why or why not a particular tort claim will be successful.
Use the language of the question.
Be as comprehensive and thorough as possible when responding to each issue – canvas all possible answers. If you have considered the application of a particular contractual concept, but after analysis, you have decided that it is not applicable, please go through your analysis.
If any possible remedies are available to either party, please identify with supporting reasons.
Assume for each relationship that the matter is being litigated in court,
not
through alternative dispute resolution.
DUE: TUESDAY MARCH 24
th
, 2015 at beginning of class
No midterms will be accepted after this date.
Tort Law Problem
Andrew Black is the owner of Confederation Mall (“Mall”) located in New Minas, Nova Scotia. Mr. Black leases out many retail spaces in the Mall to a wide range of businesses. He prides himself as a local success story. The people of New Minas truly admire his entrepreneurial success.
George Orange, owner of Guppy World, a pet fish store, has been a long-time tenant of Confederation Mall. Colin and Darren work for Mr. Orange. Colin was repairing a ceiling fan when he asked Darren to toss him a screwdriver, as Colin was up on a step-ladder at the time. Darren, standing 15 feet away, underhand tosses the screwdriver to Colin. Darren overshoots the toss and the screwdriver shatters a glass fish tank containing a piranha fish. At the same time a customer, Sally, was walking towards the check-out to purchase fish food, when she slipped on the water from the broken tank, fell to the floor and fractured her wrist. She is also bitten on the ankle by the piranha. When Mr. Orange tried to assist Sally, he smelled a strong smell of alcoholic beverage coming from her mouth. Colin noted that Sally appeared to be staggering slightly before falling.
Sally was transported to the hospital by paramedics. The doctor determines that Sally’s foot needs to be amputated due to the piranha bite and she needs to wear a cast on her wrist for 6-8 weeks due to the fracture.
Word of the piranha bite spreads like wild fire throughout the Mall. Evelyn, who suff.
Please use from these stratagies This homework will be to copyies .docxDIPESH30
Please use from these stratagies
This homework will be to copyies with different stratgies !!11
Rubrics
Revising Reading
RAFT
Quick write
Learning loge
KAMAL
Gallery walks
Data charts
All about book
Cubing Clusters Authors chair
Words Walks
.
PLEASE THOROUGHLY ANSWER THE FOLLOWING FIVE QUESTIONS BELOW IN.docxDIPESH30
PLEASE THOROUGHLY ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
FIVE
QUESTIONS BELOW IN A 500 Word Count Discussion
Contrast the dynamics between dominant cultures and subcultures either in a work setting or in society.
Explain why it is important to understand the impact of culture.
Give an example where you demonstrated your awareness and or openness to understanding a cultural difference.
Explain how these differences underscore the need for understanding diversity.
From the information given, develop guidelines for embracing diversity.
YOU MUST USE ONE CITED SCHOLARLY SOURCE. PROPERLY CITED IN APA FORM WITH AN REFERENCE PAGE ON THE BOTTOM. DO NOT USE WIKIPEDIA, THESAURUS, OR ENCYCLOPEDIA (THESE ARE NOT CITED SCHOLARLY SOURCES)
DO NOT TURN IN A PLAGIARIZED PAPER, WE WILL REPORT YOU.....
THIS PAPER IS DUE TODAY 12/11/2014.... 8 HOURS FROM NOW MAX NO LATER....SERIOUS INQUIRIES ONLY...DO NOT TAKE THIS PAPER IF YOU DO NOT KNOW THE TOPIC.....
.
Please share your thoughts about how well your employer, military .docxDIPESH30
Please share your thoughts about how well your employer, military base, or home responds to environmental concerns. Provide examples of some types.
1.
Issue 4
-
Re-Wilding
a. Explain what re-wilding is and how it became an issue.
b. Outline and discuss three main areas of disagreement between Josh Donlan and Rubenstein et al.
c. Which side do you agree with? Explain your answer.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. All sources used, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Put citation under each answer please
1.
Issue 5
-
Military Training and the Environment
a. Explain the history of military training and the environment.
b. Outline and discuss three main areas of disagreement between Benedict Cohen and Jamie Clark.
c. Which side do you agree with? Explain your answer.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length.
All sources used, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Put citation under each answer please
1.
Issue 6
-
Carbon Emission Restrictions
a. Explain the history of carbon emissions and why the debate over carbon emissions exists.
b. Outline and discuss three main areas of disagreement between Paul Cicio and Eileen Claussen.
c. Which side do you agree with? Explain your answer.
Your response should be at least 200 words in length. All sources used, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Put citation under each answer please
1.
Explain in your own words the Section 2017 initiative which Jamie Clark describes on. Then describe how you think Benedict Cohen would respond to Jamie Clark's presentation of Section 2017. Your response should be at least 200 words in length. as source material for your response. All sources used, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Put citation under each answer please
Explain carbon trading, carbon offsets, and cap and trade. How are each similar? How are each different? Your response should be at least 200 words in length. as source material for your response. All sources used, , must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Put citation under each answer please
.
Please select and answer one of the following topics in a well-org.docxDIPESH30
Please select and answer one of the following topics in a well-organized and thoughtful paper (a minimum of 10 pages in
length). Your paper must contain at least five references in addition to the text. CSU requires that students use the APA
style for papers and projects. Therefore, the APA rules for formatting, quoting, paraphrasing, citing, and listing of sources
are to be followed.
1. If your employer's EMS is registered to ISO 14000, review the registration process. What were the most
difficult implementation activities? How long did it take? How easy was it to get worker buy-in and
participation? Cost? Others.
.
Please see the attachment for the actual work that is require. This.docxDIPESH30
Please see the attachment for the actual work that is require. This will be due on Sunday Nov 9, 2014.
THIS ISTHE CASE STUDY ATTACHED IS THE DIRECTIONS ON OW TO COMPLETE THE TASK.
Case Study Analysis
When it comes to planning events how many of us take the proper steps and put in the time and how many of us wait till the last minute to plan our event? What's the outcome of an event that has had the proper planning? Usually, a properly planned event is a huge success, and people leave-taking away information that will help them either improve, grow as a person or be successful at their job. People who try to plan events without taking the proper steps find themselves running into many problems along the way. Before they know it, they are out of time to fix any issues or problems that arise. Running out of time can lead to frustration, panic, and eventually the thought of “what am I going to do". Even though the steps to planning an event can be time-consuming, proper planning can ease frustration and anxiety, and lead to a successful event. Proper planning can eliminate the “What am I going to do” question.
Background
In the case study, Carl Robins did not plan for his event very well. He hired 15 new trainees and wanted to schedule a new hire orientation on June 15
th
. His goal was to have the new hires working by July. Carl had only been at his job for six months, and this was his first recruitment effort, so it is crucial for this event to work in Carl’s favor. Carl was contacted by Monica Carrolls, the soon to be Supervisor of the new hires, on May 15
th
. Monica was following up with Carl on how the planning for his orientation was going. She asked him about physicals, drug tests, the training schedule, orientation, manuals, and policy booklets. Carl told Monica that everything would be fine and ready to go in time for orientation. After Memorial Day, Carl finally decided to start planning for his event. Unfortunately; because Carl did not do any planning after hiring the fifteen new trainees and waited till the last minute to plan his event, he ran into multiple problems. When Carl finally decided to start planning for his event, he found that the training room where he was going to hold his orientation was booked for the whole month of June by a fellow associate named Joe. Joe was from technology services and needed the room for computer terminals. When he went to finalize the paperwork for his event, he found that some of the new hire trainees did not have completed transcripts or applications on file; nor had they gone to the clinic for their physicals and mandatory drug screenings. He then checked the orientation manuals and found that there were only three and that those three had missing pages. By now, Carl is very concerned, his anxiety is at a level high, and he is so frustrated that he sits with his head on his desk with the thought of “What am I going to do”.
Alternatives
At this point, Carl can .
Please see the attachment and look over the LOOK HERE FIRST file b.docxDIPESH30
Please see the attachment and look over the "LOOK HERE FIRST" file before handshaking to make sure you're committed to the assignment. Everything you need is within the zip folder attached. Thanks in advance. I had someone working on this and then they stopped answering me. Please don't be that person.
.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Lague 1 Writing about Literature The type of pape.docx
1. Lague 1
Writing about Literature
The type of papers you will write and how to write them
For this course, you will be writing literary analysis as formal
essays for the midterm and
final exams. They are persuasive in nature. According to
William Whitla in his book The English
Handbook: A Guide to Literary Studies, a persuasive essay
“attempts to persuade a reader that
the position you are defending is valid . . . . Your case will
depend on your evidence, and how
you marshal it for your purposes (88). The evidence used in
literary analysis consists of
quotations from the text(s) that support your assertion (thesis)
and your interpretation of those
quotations. The biggest difference between what I am
describing here and a “research paper” is
that you do not need to do outside research to support your
2. ideas. All the evidence you need is
embedded in the author’s work. Of course, that means you have
to read closely and think
carefully about what the author writes in the text(s), but that is
part of the study of
literature. Also, the text(s) really are sources for your paper;
therefore, you must document every
quotation. This is also true for paraphrases of action and speech
in the text(s). In this course, you
must use MLA documentation guidelines. This includes both in-
text notations and a Works Cited
page. (Note: This document illustrates the use of introductory
signals and in-text notations,
also called parenthetical citations, for all paraphrases and
quotations and includes a Works Cited
page, all following MLA guidelines.)
When you receive an assignment, Whitla writes that you must
first “separate [the] subject
matter from the formal requirement” (89), like the number of
texts/authors your must cover than
the length of the paper. You need to satisfy all the formal
requirements of the assignment to earn
3. Lague 2
your best grade. Then, you have to consider the subject matter
of the assignment. Whitla
explains, “Many assignments state or assume an abstract
concept, a theme, a mode of character
analysis, or state a position, and then ask you to apply that
concept to a limited number of texts .
In many cases, it is clear that . . . the principle is really not
open to question” (90). At other
times, you may be allowed to choose your own subject matter.
Finally, you need to look at what
the assignment says about the subject matter, looking for key
words that explain how you need to
address them. Here is an example from a possible Shakespeare
module in this course.
Writing Prompt:
Whether Shakespeare’s sonnets are addressed to the dark lady
or the young man,
themes of beauty and love run deeply through all of them. This
statement is true
in both those sonnets that follow a more traditional approach
and those challenge
the traditional conventions of sonnet-making. Write a 300-word
4. essay, posted in
the appropriate discussion forum, that discusses how
Shakespeare develops one of
these themes throughout one of the sonnets you have read for
the class. Post your
work as a “new post”; then, write a 100 word “reply” to one
other student’s work.
Notice the formal requirements about length and the number of
texts to include in your “new
post” essay. Also, notice that a second, shorter “reply”
assignment is required to get full credit.
Then, look at subject matter. Two themes are pointed out at the
beginning of the prompt. These
are two from which you are allowed to choose. The prompt also
states that you must develop
your choice of theme “throughout” the sonnet you choose. In
other words, quoting one or two
lines is not sufficient.
As you write, keep in mind the basic requirements for an
academic essay. At the
beginning of your introduction, identify the full name(s) and
title(s) that you will cover in your
5. Lague 3
essay. Make sure for format the text(s) title correctly. Since you
are writing a short essay, you
need a thesis statement in your introduction, as Whitla states,
one that is clearly stated,
unambiguous, and tightly focused on one idea (102). It should
be stated in one, concise sentence.
The thesis should be at the end, not the beginning, of your
introduction.
Whitla also says that a thesis has to be defended (102). This is
where the body of the
essay comes in. It should point to several lines that support your
thesis and explain how they
help Shakespeare develop the theme you are discussing. Use
“short quotations” of four or few
lines. For longer quotations, paraphrase or summarize (write it
without looking in your book to
make sure that you really are using your own words then check
it against the text for accuracy),
not forgetting to provide documentation. However, avoid the
temptation to paraphrase or
summarize everything because it is the quotations that provide
your strongest evidence. Use as
6. many quotations as are appropriate to your chosen theme and/or
as many as you can fit into the
body of an essay of the length required. For a paper, make every
attempt to take the whole work
into consideration because meaning can change drastically,
especially in a sonnet. A reading
journal for a longer work can be more selective.
There are a few things to keep in mind as you write out your
support. First, organize the
quotations and paraphrases you use into chronological order,
which is easier for the reader to
follow. Always introduce (introductory signals) all of them.
Your introductory signals should
be phrases, not sentences (they tend to result in run-ons), and
normally, but not always, include
the author’s name. Then, after presenting a quotation or
paraphrase, interpret (explain) it;
quotations and paraphrases are facts, and facts do not explain
themselves. They are illustrations
that support the position you have taken in your thesis.
However, they are not a substitute for
explaining your own point of view. Whitla suggests explaining
“how and why you are using
7. Lague 4
them and what you conclude from them” (108). By extension,
quotations and paraphrase are not
effective when placed at the ends of paragraphs. Comment on
the material you have borrowed
from the text before going on to your next point.
Your conclusion should be what Whitla calls “emphatic and
confident, not apologetic”
(107). Avoid the additional temptations, to simply repeat
everything you already wrote in the
essay or to add new support that really should be developed in
the body of the essay. Remember,
you are trying to persuade your reader to accept the truth of
your thesis, in this case trying to
show your professor that you understand the sonnet.
An easy way to plan a literary analysis is to begin with a
temporary assertion proposal.
My textbook, Formulas for Composition, explains this proposal
as a planning chart used to
match data (quotations) from the text(s) with interpretation
(Lague 105-108). It is very easy to
create such a chart. Start by writing your thesis at the top of the
8. page; then, divide the remainder
of the page into two columns. Microsoft Word’s tables works
well. In the left hand column, write
out the quotations and paraphrases with their in-text notations
you plan to use in chronological
order. In the right column, directly across from each quotation
or paraphrase, write out a note to
yourself concerning what you would like to say to interpret it.
Keep the quotations and
paraphrases lined up with their interpretations so that there will
be no confusion as you write.
Once you have the chart complete, you can follow it to write
your essay. As you add a quotation
or paraphrase to the paper, follow it with the interpretation you
planned. Work through your
whole chart, not forgetting to add a conclusion to your paper.
Lague 5
Works Cited
9. Lague, Victoria. Formulas for Composition. 3rd ed. Dubuque,
IA: Kendall Hunt, 2009. Print.
Whitla, William. The English Handbook: A Guide to Literary
Studies. Chichester,
United Kingdom: Whiley-Blackwell, 2010. Print.
Lague 1
Sample Discussion Posts for Discussion 1 and the Mini-Essays
Discussion 1:
For Discussion 1, your initial post to the discussion should be
an independent paragraph, about
150 to 200 words long. Start with a sentence that explains what
the paragraph is about. Support
that sentence in the body of the paragraph, and end with a
concluding sentence that wraps up the
paragraph. Make sure you write about what the discussion
requires.
Discussion question:
After you have read through the material and links on this page,
go to Discussion 1:
10. Literary Analysis. Your assignment is to post your ideas about
what you have read, what
you understand and don't understand. Post a question. Answer a
question. Whatever it
takes to make sure you understand the idea of a literary
analysis. You need to get a
conversation going about the material in this module. You may
need to come back to the
discussion more than one time, spend time reading through what
other students have
posted, and respond to what you have read.
Sample Post (257 words):
All the material included in sections “Elements of Literature”
and “Writing about
Literature” was very helpful and interesting to me. Since I love
everything that has to do
literature, I fell in love with all the information provided. As I
was reading “Elements of
Literature,” I found some terms that I was already familiar with;
however, many others
were totally new for me. Even though I like reading novel and
short stories so much, I did
not know the appropriate terminology that is used to talk
effectively about what I’ve
11. read. For instance, I learned the meaning of the term “plot”
which is kind of the
backbone of novels and short stories. It was interesting how the
plot in a story can be
graphed to follow the action in a story or novel. I suppose
play’s plot works in the same
way. Using the appropriate language is very important
especially when it comes to
writing about literature and trying to get our ideas across to
someone else in the class or
to the professor. The part that shows the proper way of writing
an essay in “Writing about
Literature” was very helpful to me, especially the part about
how to support the thesis
with quotations because my big mistake is that I tend to
paraphrase rather than quote the
author’s work. Writing is something that becomes kind of hard
to me because English is
not my first language. However, all the information provided in
the module it is going to
help me out while writing about literature.
12. Lague 2
Remaining Discussions:
The discussions that remain in the course begin with a Mini-
Essay about 300 words long. They
require what any essay requires, an introductory paragraph with
a thesis statement, supporting
body paragraphs, and a conclusion. For the Mini-Essay, a short
introduction with a thesis, one
supporting body paragraph, and a short conclusion.
Your Mini-Essay should answer the discussion question that is
posed for the assignment. You
should think of it as short version of a literary analysis that
will allow you to practice what you
have learned in this module and express your opinion about the
literature in question. Here’s a
sample for a discussion question that asks students to discuss
the issue of power in the poem
“Ozymandias” by Percy Bysshe Shelley. Notice that it has three
paragraphs (introduction,
supporting body paragraph and conclusion), that the thesis is at
the end of the introduction, and
13. that the quotations are followed by parenthetical citations
giving the line number(s) for each
quotation.
Sample Literary Analysis Mini-Essay:
Powerful people sometimes forget that all people, rich and poor,
powerful and powerless,
eventually come to the same end. It’s a good idea for anyone to
keep in mind. If people
want to leave a legacy after the are gone, they should choose
one that lasts. Power is
fleeting, though, and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s poem,
“Ozymandias,” expresses that idea.
The poem’s speaker relates an account told to him by “a traveler
from an antique land”
(1). He has no direct knowledge of the image he is about to
relate, but the story has
caught his imagination enough to pass it. As he tells the
traveler’s story word for word,
describing the remains of an ancient Egyptian stature that has
been reduced to rubble. He
describes “Two vast and trunkless legs of stone [that] / Stand
in the desert. Near them on
the sand, / Half sunk, a shattered visage lies” (2-4), the
“wrinkled lip and sneer of cold
14. command” (5) still visible on the face. The speaker than brings
the original sculptor
through the inscription on the pedestal. In reality, the
inscription was probably
commanded by Ozymandias himself, the man whose “passions”
(6) and mocking hand
and heart (7) were captured by the sculptor’s art. His inscription
is meant as a warning to
anyone who would have challenged Ozymandias. It reads, “My
name is Ozymandias,
King of Kings: / Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!”
(10-11). Immediately
afterwards, the poem’s readers are brought back thousands of
years to the present when
the poem returns abruptly to the speaker who proclaims that
nothing remains of the statue
(12) and goes on to describe the desert surroundings. Nothing is
left of Ozymandias or his
great kingdom.
By the end of the poem, the symbol of Ozymandias’ power has
returned to the desert, just
like Ozymandias himself. Therefore, the readers of the poem are
left to consider the
15. fleeting nature of power.
Lague 3
The numbers that belong in the MLA parenthetical citations
depend on what type of literary
work you are analyzing. Here are the requirements:
Literary Work Default MLA Parenthetical Citation
Prose (novels, novellas, short stories) Page numbers
For example, page 7: (7)
Short Poem Line numbers
For example, line 3: (3)
For example, lines 3 through 5: (3-5)
Poem separated into numbered sections Section and line
numbers
For example, section 1, line 12 (1.12)
Play Act, scene, and line numbers; if lines
numbers are not give, provide act and scene
numbers.
For example, act 1, scene 6, line 5 (1.6.5)
16. For example, act 1, scene 8: (1.8)
Prose on a website Paragraph numbers (You will have to count
the paragraphs. The first time you provide a
citation, show that paragraphs numbers are
being use.
For example, paragraph 4: (para. 4)
Lague 1
Elements of Literature
Glossary of Literary Terms
When you study literature, like any other discipline, you should
become familiar with the terminology that is used. There are
more
terms than those listed below, but this list is a good place to
start. You can always learn more terms as the semester
progresses.
Alliteration:
17. Alliteration is a poetic method of repeating the first consonant
sounds in a line of poetry.
Assonance:
Assonance is a poetic method that relies on close repetition of
vowel sounds to create rhymes. The rhymes may seem to be just
a little off,
not quite what one might expect. For example, vowels sounds
are sometimes close, but not identical, like love and prove.
Audience:
This is the reader. Unlike the audience for a TV program, the
audience for fiction must be engaged. That means the person
reading the
story, novel, play or poem, has to work a bit to get everything
out of the literature that the creator put in to it.
Character:
The protagonist is the character at the center of the story, the
main character; sometimes called the “hero” or “heroine,” the
protagonist
does not necessarily act in a “heroic” manner. Sometimes, there
is a major character that works against the interests of the
protagonist
whether he/she realized it or not. This character is called an
antagonist. Sometimes, the protagonist meets his or her match
in the
antagonist.
18. Major characters are those characters about which the audience
learns the most and comes to care about the most while minor
characters are less central to the story than major characters..
Lague 2
Round characters are very clearly individuals. They seem like
real people. The audience gets to know a lot about them because
they
express a full range of human emotions and are firmly placed in
the community. On the other hand, flat characters can be
somewhat lost
in the background, needing to be in the story, but not a main
part of it.
A dynamic character is one that changes during the course of
the story because of what he or she experiences in it. A flat
character does
not change through the course of the story. He or she is the
same kind of person at the end of the story as he or she is at the
beginning.
Dramatic elements:
Dramatic elements are those elements that apply to plays.
Reading a play is somewhat artificial because plays are merely
scripts of
19. dialogue whose true meaning does not come alive until the play
is performed before a life audience.
The dramatis personae is a list of characters in the play. The
terms for “character” apply here. There are no narrators in
drama, unlike
other fictional forms.
An act is a large division in a play made up of “scenes.” They
function like chapter breaks in a book. The number of acts and
scenes
varies from one-act plays to plays with several acts. Usually,
the text of the play also applies numbers to the lines of the play
(not the
sentences or paragraphs).
Dialogue is the term given to the words characters speak to each
other. A soliloquy is a speech by one character given alone on
the stage
that gives the character’s innermost thoughts to the audience.
An aside is a brief comment by one character, supposedly
muttered so that
the other characters on stage do not hear it. Only the audience
hears the aside. Like the soliloquy, an aside tells the audience
what the
character is really thinking.
Stage directions are the playwright’s directions about
motivation, gesturing, tone of voice, costuming and setting.
20. The stage set is composed of all the props (structures and items)
that indicate where and when the action takes place. Therefore,
the stage
set supplies the setting for the play.
Foreshadowing:
Foreshadowing is something that happens or something that is
said, either by the narrator in prose fiction or a character, that
gives a hint
about what is to come later in the story. In using foreshadowing,
the writer does not undermine any suspense he or she is
building into the
story. Instead, the elements of foreshadowing may only be clear
when the story ends or when it is read a second time. The more
literary
fiction you read, the more likely you will be to be able pick out
foreshadowing the first time you see it.
Lague 3
Fictional Genre:
Genres pertain to distinctive types of literature. There are many
types of genre fiction. Children’s fiction, fantasy, horror,
mystery,
romance, science fiction, detective stories, thrillers, westerns,
and young adult are the major fiction genres. Each of these
21. genres include
elements that are specific to the genre. For example, in a
children’s novel, the main character is always a child or at least
a character that a
child can relate to, the themes are aimed at children, and the
vocabulary and sentence structure or aimed at a very young
reader.
Irony:
Verbal irony is at work when the words literally mean the
opposite of what the speaker really means. One type of irony is
“understatement,” which deliberately diminishing the response
of an idea to an extreme degree. “Hyperbole” is the opposite of
“understatement.” It is a gross exaggeration of the truth.
Dramatic irony occurs in plays (and sometimes in other forms)
when the audience knows something a character does not know.
Metaphor:
A metaphor is a type of figurative (rather than literal) language
that is used to imply a comparison between one thing and
another. A
simile is a type of metaphor that is recognized by the use of the
words “as” or “like.” They are part of the visual/figurative
imagery of
prose or poetry.
Meter:
22. Meter is the rhythm of the language used in poetry. Sometimes
the rhythm is broken within a line of poetry; this break is called
a caesura.
There are many types of rhythmical patterns:
The iamb is the natural rhythm of the everyday speech of
English. It is defined as one “unstressed” syllable followed by
one “stressed”
syllable, which is called a foot. For example, the word “hotel”
has a first unstressed syllable (ho) and a final stressed syllable
(tel) where
the voice stresses that last syllable over the first one as the
word is spoken. Lines of poetry that used “iambs” are defined
by the number of
“iambs” they contain. Common forms are iambic trimester
(three iambs), iambic tetrameter (four iambs), and iambic
pentameter (five
iambs), which is the form that Shakespeare used. Varying the
meter helps to create interest as conforming to closely to a
certain meter for
too long in a poem quickly becomes boring to the audience.
Lague 4
Narrator:
The narrator is the person who provides additional information
23. about what is happening in fiction or what the characters are
thinking.
There are several varieties of narrator that an author may create.
The narrator is not usually considered to be a character, but a
kind of
speaker who tells the story. The audience should not assume
that the narrator and the author are the same person. That does
not happen in
fiction.
The limited-omniscient narrator seems to know everything, but
is limited in some way. He or she may know all about only one
of some
of the characters, giving that character’s point of view about a
situation and that character’s prejudices.
The omniscient narrator is one that is completely reliable. The
audience can believe everything he or she says because the
omniscient
narrator knows everything about all the characters.
A first person narrator is one who tells his or her story from the
first person point of view (I/me/my). He or she is an active
participant in
the actions of the story and interacts with the other characters.
This is the only time a narrator can also be considered as a
character. Like
everyone, the first-person narrator is limited by his or her
personal experience, beliefs and values. The reader must always
24. keep in mind
that a first person narrator is always telling the story from his or
her own perspective and may not know everything that is going
on the the
story.
The third-person narrator is either an omniscient or limited
omniscient narrator who speaks in an objective manner (never
using
I/me/my). The characters are referred to as “he,” “she,” or
“they.” The narrator, therefore, is outside the story, not a part
of the action.
An unreliable narrator is one that the audience cannot trust for
some reason. The fact that the narrator is not reliable may be
withheld
from the reader until the end of the story and he or she could
turn out to be prejudiced or even insane! Part of the work the
audience needs
to do is figure out how much of the narrator’s information is
accurate.
Paradox:
Paradox literally means “beyond what is thought” and indicates
that two contradictory ideas are considered equally believable.
One
example is the “oxymoron,” which is a word or phrase that
contains its opposite within itself.
25. Personification:
Personification occurs when human characteristics are applied
to something that is not alive. It works best in short works, and
is usually
found in poetry.
Lague 5
Plot:
The plot is what happens in the story. Keep that work “what” in
mind. The plot is composed of the events that happen to the
characters
and what the characters do in the story. The main plot, then, is
what holds most of the audience’s interest. A subplot also tells
what
happens in the story, but it is less important than the main plot.
Subplots are usually about minor characters. The longer the
work of
literature, the more subplots there may be.
There are several elements that feed into the plot of a story:
Stories depend on an emotional, physical, or social problem;
there are
conflicts between characters or within a character’s mind (an
internal conflict). The chronology of the story is the time
sequence of
26. events. Sometimes, writers disrupt their chronology with
flashbacks that explain events prior to the opening of the story,
or they sometime
use foreshadowing to look ahead.
The plot in prose fiction (novels, novellas, short stories) follow
a certain structure:
The exposition conveys information at the beginning of a story.
It introduces the
characters and places the story in a setting of time and place. In
other words, it gets
the story going.
The rising action begins where the story starts to get
complicated. Conflicts arise
that move the story forward. Obstacles are placed in the way of
the characters.
Sometimes, conflicts are resolved or thought to be resolves only
for new conflicts to
arise. Rising action, as shown in the image to the left, makes up
most of the story.
The climax of a story is the point at which everything must
change. It marks a
turning point in the story. Things may get better or worse, but
they definitely change. The climax is the most dramatic point in
the story.
27. Falling action occurs after the climax as the plot starts to wind
down to the end of the story. The story is still moving forward,
but the
reader knows the end is near.
The resolution, or dénouement, is the point at which the
conflict in the story disappears; the problem is solved. Usually
this happens at
or near the end of the story. However, sometimes there is a false
resolution earlier in the story. It seems as if the conflict has
disappeared
in a certain way, but as the reader continues, he or she learns
that the conflict truly disappears in a completely different way
at the end of
the story.
Poetic genres:
Genres pertain to distinctive types of literature. There are
several poetic genres. Here are a few of them. A ballad is a long
singing poem
that tells a story (usually of love or adventure), written in
quatrains (four lines). This is called “narrative form” because it
tells a story.
Lague 6
28. Blank verse is an unrhymed iambic pentameter line, which so
often what Shakespeare used in his plays. Free verse has no
regular rhythm
other than the natural rhythm of the language.
Point of view:
Point of view in literature is what the narrator (or the “speaker”
in a poem) sees or tells the audience. As you read, you should
notice your
own impression of the narrator (or speaker) at the beginning and
whether or not (and why) your impression changes as your
reading
progresses.
Prose fiction:
Prose fiction is composed of short stories, novellas, and novels.
A novel is longer than 150 pages. Unlike the short story, it is
meant to be
read over several. There tend to be more characters with the
minor characters being fully developed with life histories and
“inner lives” of
their own. They interact with each other, creating social
conflicts. The novels tend to comment on social issues. The
novel has the space to
contain a whole world and a lifetime. The novella is a long
short story or a short novel that is anywhere from 75 to 150
pages. A short
29. story does not usually exceed 75 pages. It is meant to be read in
one sitting. It is closer to poetry than to the novel in that they
both rely on
the intensity of the emotional effect. A short story restricts
itself to one or two settings and only a handful of characters. It
emphasizes one
dramatic event and the characters’ actions to it, often with one
event and one character’s reaction to it. Therefore, the short
story tends to
be psychological.
Prosody:
Prosody is an understanding of the poems poetic language and
structure. The language tends to communicate the ideas
expressed in the
poem is a less direct manner than prose. Meaning is derived
both from the denotation of words (their literal meaning) and
the
connotation of words (the emotional meanings the words convey
in their context in the literary text). A good reader pays
attention to
both. Figurative language is also important. Metaphors may be
used liberally, or the whole poem may be an extended metaphor.
Prosody also includes symbols.
Rhyme schemes:
The rhyme scheme is the rhyming pattern of a poem.
30. Alliteration is a poetic form that repeats initial consonant
sounds while assonance
is a rhyme based solely on the repetition of vowels sounds.
Vowels sounds are sometimes close, but not identical, like love
and prove.
End rhyme occurs at the end of a line. Slant rhyme describes
words that almost rhyme, like bush and brush.
Satire:
Satire is an indirect attack at someone or something.
Occasionally, the attack is so indirect that a person being
satirized might not even
recognize him or herself in the satire. Be careful not to confuse
this term with irony.
Lague 7
Setting:
The setting is the impression of place and time that is described
in the story and is given in the story’s exposition. It can affect
the
atmosphere or mood of the story and is meant to evoke an
emotional response from the audience. It can also be used to
foreshadow later
events. Physical setting is made up of the physical places where
the plot unfolds. Temporal setting is the time in which the
31. events occur.
A cultural setting is one that contains a set of beliefs and
values. These will change with the physical/temporal setting
and with the
characters. They are not necessarily beliefs and values that the
author holds or that he or she expects the audience to accept as
their own,
but they are beliefs and values that are logical and natural with
the physical/temporal setting of the story.
Sonnet:
A sonnet is a one-stanza poem of fourteen lines. There are three
types of sonnets: Italian (or Petrarchan), Spenserian and
Shakespearean.
For the purposes of this course, the Shakespearean sonnet is the
most important of the two as he wrote some of the most famous
sonnets in
the English language. Usually, the Shakespearean sonnet is
composed of four divisions within the poem, three quatrains
(three sets of
four lines each; lines 1-12), with each quatrain having its own
rhyme scheme, and a rhymed couplet (lines 13-14) with end
rhyme (line
of poetry whose last words rhyme). The couplet at the end is
usually a commentary on what came earlier in the poem, and the
meaning of
the sonnet can be completely changed by that couplet.
32. Speaker:
Speaker is the term used for the narrator of a poem. Ordinarily,
you should not confuse the speaker with the poet. However,
sometimes
the speaker of the poem seems to be the poet speaking about
him or herself. Often, though, what seems to be the poet
speaking about him
or herself is really the poet creating a speaker who merely
speaks using the poet’s beliefs, anxieties, values, etc. Some
speakers may reveal
a lot about themselves; others are less visible, not seeming to
reveal themselves at all. The concept of a first- or third-person
speaker, as it
is discussed under narrator can apply to poetry as well a prose.
Stanza:
A stanza is one section of a poem. Stanzas are separated from
each other by white space on the page. Each stanza usually one
idea or
image.
Symbol:
Symbols are elements in prose or the imagery of poems that
represent something other than the obvious. In that way, they
are like the
denotation and connotation of words (as explain in prosody):
33. They indicate some literal object or concept, but also have a
deeper meaning
that adds to the meaning of the story, play, or poem.
Lague 8
Theme:
The theme is the basic idea behind the story. It is something
special that the author wants to say, some message he or she
wants to express
to the audience through the plot and characters. Sometimes, the
theme of a story is not obvious, and the audience has to work a
bit (think!)
to figure it out.
Tone:
Tone is developed by the diction (word choices) used by the
author. It indicates the solemnity, playfulness, or teasing
quality of the
writing. In poetry, meter and rhyme contribute to tone.