1. Lady Gaga is one of the most inspirational artists in terms of pop culture and post modernism, as
her music videos are typically narrative based and feature huge amounts of intertextuality from
incredibly famous and iconic scenes in films and music videos. Both Paparazzi and Telephone were
directed by Jonas Akerlund, he is an auteur and has developed his own distinctive visual style which
can be clearly seen in both videos.

2. PAPARAZZI
The video uses generic
conventions of Hollywood Films, a
pastiche or homage to the iconic
film period, with the use of
classical titles, which isn't typically
used in the music industry and
within music videos. (A similar
method of adding titles is used in
Telephone, starting to recognise
Akerlunds style?)

3. There are also intertextual references to Sunset Boulevard, both in narrative
and in style, a fading star desperate to be back in the limelight and after
murdering her "lover" is thrown back in to the newspapers.

4. But the overall narrative is also very
Chicago, stylistic choices reference the
scene in which Roxie Hart is taken to
prison after murdering her lover and
which causes her fame to escalate. This is
shown through lens shots, notice how the
artists and Roxie Hart both stand in similar
positions.

5. The video also makes homage to Hitchcock and
his film "Vertigo", there is also the use of the icy
blonde female lead who was typically always
used within Hitchcock's films, also known as the
"Femme Fatale" who buggers up the heroes plan.
Lady Gaga's video also blurs fiction and reality
with the use of lens shots, as if photos are being
taken of the two characters.

6. Telephone imitates the stylistic
TELEPHONE features of Quentin Tarantino,
and features intertextual
references from both Pulp
Fiction and Kill Bill. Telephone
makes homage to both films.
'Telephone' uses a similar bold
popping text to the Tarantino
Font used in Pulp Fiction, with
popping yellow and red colours,
adopting a retro(ish) style.

7. 'Telephone' also makes intertextual
references to the characters in both films,
Lady Gaga refers to Beyoncé as "Honey
Bee" similar to the character in Pulp
Fiction "Honey Bunny", although this
may seem coincidental, a scene in a cafe
shows Beyoncé sitting opposite another
male character, the framing and scene is
very similar to the opening scene in Pulp
Fiction where "Honey Bunny" and
"Pumpkin" discuss robbing the cafe.
There are also intertextual references to
the character of Ele Driver in Kill Bill, as
Lady Gaga takes on her role, in the scene
where Ele Driver dresses in a Nurse
outfit in order to kill the Bride. Lady
Gaga wears a similar outfit, however at
the height of postmodernism uses a
telephone as an eye patch, she also takes
on a similar persona, by poisoning the
cafe customers.....very Ele Driver.

8. There is also an intertextual reference to the "Pussy Wagon" used in Kill Bill,
this is also a reference to the sexuality in the music video but also a reference to
the truck driven by the Bride in Tarantinos Kill Bill film.

9. 'Telephone' also makes intertextual references to Lady Gaga's own music
videos, audiences have speculated that 'Telephone' is a continuation of
'Paparazzi', as we see the album cover image for 'Paparazzi' used as Lady
Gaga's "Wanted" picture on the TV screen. There were also pop culture
references to Disneys Mickey Mouse when Lady Gaga wears a pair of
glasses, these same glasses are seen worn by Beyonce in 'Telephone'. Lady
Gaga has successfully branded herself so that intertextual references from
her own works can be seen within others.