IPC Awareness in Nigeria

1. LACK OF PUBLIC
AWARENESS IN IPC; THE
PRINCIPAL BASIS FOR
RAPID SPREAD OF
INFECTION IN NIGERIA.
Helen Oghoyemhen Harrison
100493913
6NU548: Infection Prevention and Control
31/3/2019

2. 2
STATS AND FACTS
HANDWASHING TECHNIQUES
92%
STERILIZATION
56%
PPE USAGE
38%
IPC TRAINED
20%
AVERAGE STATISTICS
HCW AWARENESS MATRIX
Following seven independent sampling done across key health facilities
in Nigeria, below shows an average of IPC proficiencies among health
care workers in Nigeria;
3.1M
23M
407K/
yearly
300k/y
early
56M
/yearly
HIV/AIDS
TUBERCULOSIS
PNEUMONIA
LASSA FEVER
HEPATITIS B
AVERAGE STATISTICS
IPC BURDEN

3. 3
NIGERIA IPC INVESTMENT
GLOBAL IPC INVESTMENTSAND IMPACT
WHAT FRACTION WAS SPENT ON
SENSITIZATION?
Disbursement by component
GLOBAL FUND INVESTMENT
A review 28 Grant program contracts and 14 Grant
Application reveals that less than 10% of these programs
focused on improving awareness of the public. (See
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/portfolio/country/?loc=NGA&k=430b8ac
d-ef36-4ef1-8231-0e730499d19a )
The Global Fund –
Disbursement by
Component
The Global Fund
INVESTMENT TO DATE
HOW HAS THESE INVESTMENTS FAIRED
SO FAR?
1.7%
2001 -2010 HIV
Prevalence
56%
2000 -2017 TB
Deaths
13.6%
2000 -2013
Hepatitis B
Prevalence
328/
daily
2001 -2010
Pneumonia 0-5yrs
Death

4. NIGERIA HAS MORE HIV-
INFECTED BABIESTHAN
ANYWHERE INTHEWORLD
Nigeria accounted for 37,000 of the
world’s 160,000 new cases of babies
born with HIV in 2016 (sciencemag.org)

5. 5WHY THE SLOW PROGRESS?
UNDERSTANDINGTHE IMPORTANCEOF AWARENESS FROMTHE
CHAIN OF INFECTION
Agent
Virus, Bacteria,
Fungi
Source
People, Water,
Equipment
Exit
Splatter,
Aerosols
Transmission
contact, airborne..
Entry
broken skin,
respiratory tract
Susceptible
Host
+ People education on
infection sources
+ Sensitization on
Environmental Sanitation
+ Education on Personal
Hygiene
+ Public Education on
Handwashing
+ Awareness on control of
aerosols and splatters
+ How not to infect my family,
friends and Loved Ones
+ People Education of First Aid
+ Public Education on
Handwashing and Other Personal
Hygiene
+ Public Sensitization of Dos and
Don’ts
+ Education on How these
Infections are Transmitted
+ Provide people with measures
that can be taken to break the
transmission chain
+ Public Awareness on
Immunization options
+ Where is the closest
Vaccination center closest to you.
+ How Understand EARLY SIGNS
and what do
+ How to get Diagnosis and
Treatment
Awareness

6. 6
RECOMMENDATIONS
LACK OF IPC AWARENESS AMONGS NIGERIANS
SOME NIGERIAN MYTHS ABOUT
INFECTIONS
Infections can be as a result of Voodoo
Spell from ones enemies or Justice from
God
👎
It is better not to tell anyone, Every
member of my family will neglect me. I
will handle this alone👎
POPULAR IPC MISTAKES PATIENTS
HAVE MADE
Patient with contagious TB remains at home
with all member of family taken care of them
without protection
Patient Excommunicated from a family just
because they were infected with HIV
❌
❌

7. 7
FOUR (4) KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
RECOMMENDATIONSTO PROMOTEAWARENESS
🌎
💼
GOBAL AIDS SHOULD PRIORITIZE AWARENESS
International Aids should lead strategic awareness
programs with focus on the Northern Nigeria where
Education is relatively low
GOVERNMENT LEAD IPC EDUCATION POLICY
The Nigerian Government can implement an IPC
Education policy to locally drive IPC awareness at Local
Government primary health care centers
DEDICATED IPC NURSES AT HEALTH CARE CENTERS
Dedicated Health care workers should be employed to
medical facilities to provide counselling and
information to infected patients
👤
🔔
IPC DRILLS & CAMPAIGNS
Drills can be performed in schools, health care centers
and amongst employees on key IPC Recommendations
and how to respond in certain scenarios
01 02 03 04

8. 8
REFERENCES
Adebobola Bashorun, P. N. I. K. E. N. A. O. K. S. A. N. a. P. N., 2014 Jul 21. A
description of HIV prevalence trends in Nigeria from 2001 to 2010: what is the
progress, where is the problem?. The Pan Africa Medical Journal.
Avert, 30 January 2019. Global information and education on HIV and AIDS - Myths
about HIV and AIDS. [Online]
Available at: https://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/myths
[Accessed 4th April 2019].
BM Musa, S. B. M. B. A. S. O. F., 2015 . Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in
Nigeria, 2000-2013: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nigeria Journal of
Clinical Practice, 18(2), pp. 163-172.
Cohen, J., 2018 . Nigeria has more HIV-infected babies than anywhere in the world.
It’s a distinction no country wants. [Online]
Available at: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/nigeria-has-more-hiv-
infected-babies-anywhere-world-it-s-distinction-no-country-wants
[Accessed 01 April 2019].
Health Think Analytics, November 16, 2017. We can win the fight against
pneumonia. [Online]
Available at: http://healththink.org/pneumonia-in-children-under-five-in-nigeria/
[Accessed 4th April 2019].
SU Arinze-Onyia, A. N. E. A. I. M. U. N., 2018 . Knowledge and Practice of Standard
Precautions by Health-Care Workers in a Tertiary Health Institution in Enugu,
Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Clinical Practice, 21(2), pp. 149-155.
The Global Fund Investment, 2012-2017. Nigeria-Tuberculosis Results Profile,
s.l.: The Global Fund Investment.
The Global Fund, n.d. The Global Fund - Overview Nigeria. [Online]
Available at:
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/portfolio/country/?loc=NGA&k=430b8acd
-ef36-4ef1-8231-0e730499d19a
[Accessed 01 April 2019].
UNAIDS, n.d. UNAIDS- Country Nigeria. [Online]
Available at: http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/nigeria
[Accessed 4th April 2019].
World Health Organization - Disease outbreak news, 1 March 2018.
Emergencies preparedness, response - Lassa Fever – Nigeria. [Online]
Available at: https://www.who.int/csr/don/01-march-2018-lassa-fever-
nigeria/en/
[Accessed 4th April 2019].
World Health Organization, 2005. NIGERIA- Estimated number of people
needing antiretroviral therapy (0-49 years), 2005, Antiretroviral therapy target
declared by country:. [Online]
Available at: https://www.who.int/hiv/HIVCP_NGA.pdf
[Accessed 01 April 2019].

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