The document provides an introduction to using quantum probability theory to model cognition and decision making. It discusses six reasons for a quantum approach, including that judgments are based on indefinite states and create rather than simply record information. It then gives examples of phenomena from cognition and decision making that violate classical probability theory, such as interference effects and question order effects, which could be explained using a quantum probability approach. Finally, it outlines some key aspects of quantum probability theory that distinguish it from classical probability theory, such as how it allows for incompatible events that do not have a joint probability.
Diego Mantovani is a professor who leads a lab focused on biomaterials and bioengineering research at Laval University. The lab works on developing innovative cardiovascular devices and biocompatible nano-materials. Some areas of focus include nanotechnology for medical implants, advanced materials with extreme properties, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. The document provides an outline of Mantovani's research including work on stent coatings, corrosion rates of materials, biodegradable alloys, and bottom-up fabrication of stents using electroforming. The overall goal is to improve medical device performance and develop new strategies for tissue replacement and regeneration.
The document discusses neural-oscillator models of quantum-decision making. It begins with outlining stochastic resonance (SR) theory and its structure involving random variables. It then introduces the oscillator model for representing neural activity, with neurons modeled as coupled oscillators. Their phases and interactions encode stimulus and response information. The document explores how SR theory can be combined with the oscillator model to represent response selection and conditioning. Finally, it discusses how the models may exhibit quantum-like behaviors such as nondeterminism, contextuality, and possibly nonlocality, despite being classical systems.
This document discusses different approaches for modeling inconsistent expert judgments and making decisions when probabilities are inconsistent. It begins by introducing the concept of inconsistent beliefs that cannot be represented by a single joint probability distribution. It then reviews three approaches: the Bayesian model, which applies Bayes' theorem but depends on the choice of prior and expert likelihood functions; the quantum model, which represents inconsistencies using context-dependent quantum states but does not indicate a best decision; and the signed probability model, which relaxes the axioms of probability to allow for negative probabilities and aims to find a signed probability distribution with minimum total variation from unity.
The document summarizes Jennifer Trueblood's presentation on dynamic quantum decision models. It outlines how quantum probability models can account for order effects in risky decision-making that violate the assumptions of traditional Markov models. Specifically, it shows how a quantum model explains the disjunction effect found in gambling experiments, where the probability of choosing a risky option under unknown conditions is lower than under known win or loss conditions. The document also discusses how quantum models allow beliefs and actions to be represented compatibly in a 4-dimensional space, addressing limitations of prior 2-dimensional models when applied to prisoner's dilemma games.
The document provides an introduction to using quantum probability theory to model cognition and decision making. It discusses six reasons for a quantum approach, including that judgments are based on indefinite states and create rather than simply record information. It then gives examples of phenomena from cognition and decision making that violate classical probability theory, such as interference effects and question order effects, which could be explained using a quantum probability approach. Finally, it outlines some key aspects of quantum probability theory that distinguish it from classical probability theory, such as how it allows for incompatible events that do not have a joint probability.
Diego Mantovani is a professor who leads a lab focused on biomaterials and bioengineering research at Laval University. The lab works on developing innovative cardiovascular devices and biocompatible nano-materials. Some areas of focus include nanotechnology for medical implants, advanced materials with extreme properties, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. The document provides an outline of Mantovani's research including work on stent coatings, corrosion rates of materials, biodegradable alloys, and bottom-up fabrication of stents using electroforming. The overall goal is to improve medical device performance and develop new strategies for tissue replacement and regeneration.
The document discusses neural-oscillator models of quantum-decision making. It begins with outlining stochastic resonance (SR) theory and its structure involving random variables. It then introduces the oscillator model for representing neural activity, with neurons modeled as coupled oscillators. Their phases and interactions encode stimulus and response information. The document explores how SR theory can be combined with the oscillator model to represent response selection and conditioning. Finally, it discusses how the models may exhibit quantum-like behaviors such as nondeterminism, contextuality, and possibly nonlocality, despite being classical systems.
This document discusses different approaches for modeling inconsistent expert judgments and making decisions when probabilities are inconsistent. It begins by introducing the concept of inconsistent beliefs that cannot be represented by a single joint probability distribution. It then reviews three approaches: the Bayesian model, which applies Bayes' theorem but depends on the choice of prior and expert likelihood functions; the quantum model, which represents inconsistencies using context-dependent quantum states but does not indicate a best decision; and the signed probability model, which relaxes the axioms of probability to allow for negative probabilities and aims to find a signed probability distribution with minimum total variation from unity.
The document summarizes Jennifer Trueblood's presentation on dynamic quantum decision models. It outlines how quantum probability models can account for order effects in risky decision-making that violate the assumptions of traditional Markov models. Specifically, it shows how a quantum model explains the disjunction effect found in gambling experiments, where the probability of choosing a risky option under unknown conditions is lower than under known win or loss conditions. The document also discusses how quantum models allow beliefs and actions to be represented compatibly in a 4-dimensional space, addressing limitations of prior 2-dimensional models when applied to prisoner's dilemma games.
This document outlines a research project on grafting biomolecules to vascular prostheses through surface functionalization. It describes the science behind modifying prosthesis surfaces with ammonia plasma treatment to add chemical functionalities for bioconjugation of active molecules. Results showed increased nitrogen and decreased fluorine on treated surfaces. Treated prostheses exhibited reduced platelet adhesion and increased endothelial cell growth compared to commercial controls. In vivo tests in dogs showed treated prostheses remained patent after 6 months. The principal investigator considered patenting or licensing the technology and ultimately two patents were obtained, a spin-off company Materium was created, and license negotiations are underway, satisfying the university and scientists, though the scientists are tired from the process.
The document discusses the application of quantum theory concepts to model human cognition and decision making processes. It summarizes that quantum models have been more successful than classical approaches at modeling data on how concepts combine. Specifically, quantum effects like superposition, interference and contextuality can account for the overextension and underextension of membership weights seen in experiments combining two concepts. The document also introduces the Brussels approach to modeling concepts as entities in states rather than containers of examples, and explains how quantum theory provides a framework to model the "guppy effect" where an item is seen as more typical of a combined concept than its constituent concepts alone.
The document describes the design and development of a modular pedestrian bridge made of composite materials. Key points:
- The bridge is 18m wide and uses a modular assembly of identical spatial elements made of composites to reduce production costs.
- Finite element analysis was used to dimension and optimize the structure. Modal analysis found vertical and lateral vibration frequencies above the required minimum.
- A 1:1 scale physical model was made and used to create molds for vacuum bag laminating composite semi-modules.
- Modules are joined with adhesive and external carbon fiber belts. Sensors will be used to map the bridge's tension state under different loads.
The document discusses the origins and remnants of rationality and irrationality. It begins by exploring how rational thought developed through logic, probabilities, and scientific advances. However, it notes several ways human reasoning can diverge from rational standards, like probability matching rather than maximizing outcomes. It suggests context plays a key role, as rationality depends on the information and story provided. The document then examines challenges in describing irrational reasoning, like when people violate logical rules of inference or draw conclusions from conflicting contexts. Overall, it examines how rationality evolved but how human thought still demonstrates remnants of irrationality in certain situations.
The document outlines the agenda for a conference on parallel convergences between academic and industrial research. The agenda includes three presentations: Prof. Lucia Sorba will discuss fabrication and applications of semiconductive nanostructures; Prof. Josep Fontcuberta will cover developments in spintronics and multiferroics for innovative devices; and Prof. Lucia Sorba and Dr. Silvia Cella will address strategies for technology transfer from the CNR-Nano research institute.
This document provides advice and guidance for scientists. It discusses the importance of planning ahead, having clear goals, finding mentors, managing opportunities, and understanding different career paths in academia, government labs, and industry. It also covers topics like ethics, networking, publishing, conferences, and securing funding. Throughout, it emphasizes self-awareness, preparing for challenges and rejections, and understanding different roles like leaders who manage groups and those who execute research. Peer review is discussed as an imperfect but necessary system for evaluating scientific work.
This document outlines Jennifer Trueblood's work using quantum probability theory to model human judgments. It discusses how quantum theory allows for violations of classical probability axioms like distributivity to explain judgment biases. Specific examples covered include the conjunction and disjunction fallacies in probability judgments, asymmetries in similarity judgments that violate the triangle inequality, and order effects in criminal inference. Experimental evidence is presented showing order effects in how people judge guilt depending on whether the prosecution or defense case is presented first. Quantum theory provides a framework for representing incompatible events with separate sample spaces to account for these context and order dependent effects.
The document discusses research on predicting the quality of post-harvest fruit using non-destructive methods. Researchers studied the degradation kinetics of external quality attributes (appearance, color) and internal attributes (firmness, sugars, acids) in three varieties of apples stored at 5°C. They found correlations between the degradation of external and internal attributes, with some internal attributes following zero-order kinetics and others following first-order kinetics similar to external attributes. This suggests external quality monitoring could allow prediction of internal quality changes over storage time.
This document provides an overview of the Institute of Nanoscience and its research activities related to semiconductor nanostructures and their applications. The institute has over 250 researchers studying the fundamental properties and manipulation of nanoscale systems through synthesis, fabrication, experimental and theoretical studies of nanostructures and devices. Key areas of research include semiconductor nanowires for applications in electronics, optoelectronics and spintronics. Heterostructured nanowires of InAs, InSb and InP are investigated for high mobility transistors and terahertz detectors. Strain-driven self-assembly is used to create 3D nanostructures for applications in sensing, energy harvesting and photonics.
This document discusses OLED technology for lighting and display applications. It highlights that OLEDs offer high efficiency, flexibility, large area, and potentially low cost of manufacturing. It also describes the typical bottom emission OLED structure and how different colors can be achieved. Examples are given of OLEDs being used in displays and how their efficiency is approaching that of fluorescent tubes for lighting. The document outlines an OLED technology roadmap and technology transfer successes between research institutions and companies.
Kilian Singer's research focuses on quantum information processing with trapped ions. His work includes developing techniques for transporting ions within segmented ion traps for quantum information processing, as well as transporting ions out of traps for deterministic high-resolution ion implantation into solid state systems. Some key aspects of his research summarized:
1) Developing fast diabatic transport techniques for moving ions within segmented ion traps while maintaining quantum coherence, allowing for scalable quantum information processing.
2) Designing methods for precisely extracting ions from traps and implanting them into solid state systems like diamond, aiming for sub-10nm resolution, to interface ions with solid state quantum systems.
3) Investigating techniques like sideband cooling and
This document provides an overview of the intersections between physics and economics. It begins with a brief history of economic theory, including milestones in models of choice under uncertainty. It then discusses applications of statistical physics concepts in economics. Finally, it reviews ways quantum physics has been applied, including in decision making, game theory, and finance through models of option pricing, uncertainty, and information processing. The document suggests physics concepts may provide new insights but applications in economics also face challenges.
1. Ion traps use oscillating electric fields to confine charged particles like ions in three dimensions. Paul traps are a common type of ion trap that use radio frequency (RF) and DC electric fields to dynamically trap ions.
2. Trapped ions can be laser cooled and manipulated with laser beams, allowing experiments in quantum optics and quantum information processing. Multiple ions can be trapped together and their vibrational modes and interactions studied.
3. By coupling trapped ion internal states like atomic energy levels to motional modes using laser beams, quantum gates can be implemented to process quantum information with ions. This enables building basic elements of a trapped ion quantum computer.
A quantumbit (qubit) is the smallest unit of quantum information, analogous to a classical bit but capable of existing in a superposition of states. A qubit can be represented by a vector and can be in multiple states simultaneously. To realize qubits, various physical systems are used including trapped ions, photons, and superconducting circuits. These qubits must be cooled to extremely low temperatures near absolute zero to minimize noise and preserve quantum properties. Techniques like Doppler cooling, optical molasses, and Sisyphus cooling have allowed researchers to create qubits from trapped ions and achieve temperatures within millionths of a degree above absolute zero.
The document discusses thin film deposition techniques for industrial applications. It describes electron beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering methods. Examples are given of thin film applications in architectural glass coatings, photovoltaics, and web coating systems. Rotatable and planar sputtering targets are compared, showing higher deposition rates and uniformity are achieved with rotatable targets. Reactive sputtering is detailed for depositing oxides and nitrides. The document emphasizes von Ardenne's equipment for high-rate production coating of large glass or flexible polymer substrates.
This document outlines a research project on grafting biomolecules to vascular prostheses through surface functionalization. It describes the science behind modifying prosthesis surfaces with ammonia plasma treatment to add chemical functionalities for bioconjugation of active molecules. Results showed increased nitrogen and decreased fluorine on treated surfaces. Treated prostheses exhibited reduced platelet adhesion and increased endothelial cell growth compared to commercial controls. In vivo tests in dogs showed treated prostheses remained patent after 6 months. The principal investigator considered patenting or licensing the technology and ultimately two patents were obtained, a spin-off company Materium was created, and license negotiations are underway, satisfying the university and scientists, though the scientists are tired from the process.
The document discusses the application of quantum theory concepts to model human cognition and decision making processes. It summarizes that quantum models have been more successful than classical approaches at modeling data on how concepts combine. Specifically, quantum effects like superposition, interference and contextuality can account for the overextension and underextension of membership weights seen in experiments combining two concepts. The document also introduces the Brussels approach to modeling concepts as entities in states rather than containers of examples, and explains how quantum theory provides a framework to model the "guppy effect" where an item is seen as more typical of a combined concept than its constituent concepts alone.
The document describes the design and development of a modular pedestrian bridge made of composite materials. Key points:
- The bridge is 18m wide and uses a modular assembly of identical spatial elements made of composites to reduce production costs.
- Finite element analysis was used to dimension and optimize the structure. Modal analysis found vertical and lateral vibration frequencies above the required minimum.
- A 1:1 scale physical model was made and used to create molds for vacuum bag laminating composite semi-modules.
- Modules are joined with adhesive and external carbon fiber belts. Sensors will be used to map the bridge's tension state under different loads.
The document discusses the origins and remnants of rationality and irrationality. It begins by exploring how rational thought developed through logic, probabilities, and scientific advances. However, it notes several ways human reasoning can diverge from rational standards, like probability matching rather than maximizing outcomes. It suggests context plays a key role, as rationality depends on the information and story provided. The document then examines challenges in describing irrational reasoning, like when people violate logical rules of inference or draw conclusions from conflicting contexts. Overall, it examines how rationality evolved but how human thought still demonstrates remnants of irrationality in certain situations.
The document outlines the agenda for a conference on parallel convergences between academic and industrial research. The agenda includes three presentations: Prof. Lucia Sorba will discuss fabrication and applications of semiconductive nanostructures; Prof. Josep Fontcuberta will cover developments in spintronics and multiferroics for innovative devices; and Prof. Lucia Sorba and Dr. Silvia Cella will address strategies for technology transfer from the CNR-Nano research institute.
This document provides advice and guidance for scientists. It discusses the importance of planning ahead, having clear goals, finding mentors, managing opportunities, and understanding different career paths in academia, government labs, and industry. It also covers topics like ethics, networking, publishing, conferences, and securing funding. Throughout, it emphasizes self-awareness, preparing for challenges and rejections, and understanding different roles like leaders who manage groups and those who execute research. Peer review is discussed as an imperfect but necessary system for evaluating scientific work.
This document outlines Jennifer Trueblood's work using quantum probability theory to model human judgments. It discusses how quantum theory allows for violations of classical probability axioms like distributivity to explain judgment biases. Specific examples covered include the conjunction and disjunction fallacies in probability judgments, asymmetries in similarity judgments that violate the triangle inequality, and order effects in criminal inference. Experimental evidence is presented showing order effects in how people judge guilt depending on whether the prosecution or defense case is presented first. Quantum theory provides a framework for representing incompatible events with separate sample spaces to account for these context and order dependent effects.
The document discusses research on predicting the quality of post-harvest fruit using non-destructive methods. Researchers studied the degradation kinetics of external quality attributes (appearance, color) and internal attributes (firmness, sugars, acids) in three varieties of apples stored at 5°C. They found correlations between the degradation of external and internal attributes, with some internal attributes following zero-order kinetics and others following first-order kinetics similar to external attributes. This suggests external quality monitoring could allow prediction of internal quality changes over storage time.
This document provides an overview of the Institute of Nanoscience and its research activities related to semiconductor nanostructures and their applications. The institute has over 250 researchers studying the fundamental properties and manipulation of nanoscale systems through synthesis, fabrication, experimental and theoretical studies of nanostructures and devices. Key areas of research include semiconductor nanowires for applications in electronics, optoelectronics and spintronics. Heterostructured nanowires of InAs, InSb and InP are investigated for high mobility transistors and terahertz detectors. Strain-driven self-assembly is used to create 3D nanostructures for applications in sensing, energy harvesting and photonics.
This document discusses OLED technology for lighting and display applications. It highlights that OLEDs offer high efficiency, flexibility, large area, and potentially low cost of manufacturing. It also describes the typical bottom emission OLED structure and how different colors can be achieved. Examples are given of OLEDs being used in displays and how their efficiency is approaching that of fluorescent tubes for lighting. The document outlines an OLED technology roadmap and technology transfer successes between research institutions and companies.
Kilian Singer's research focuses on quantum information processing with trapped ions. His work includes developing techniques for transporting ions within segmented ion traps for quantum information processing, as well as transporting ions out of traps for deterministic high-resolution ion implantation into solid state systems. Some key aspects of his research summarized:
1) Developing fast diabatic transport techniques for moving ions within segmented ion traps while maintaining quantum coherence, allowing for scalable quantum information processing.
2) Designing methods for precisely extracting ions from traps and implanting them into solid state systems like diamond, aiming for sub-10nm resolution, to interface ions with solid state quantum systems.
3) Investigating techniques like sideband cooling and
This document provides an overview of the intersections between physics and economics. It begins with a brief history of economic theory, including milestones in models of choice under uncertainty. It then discusses applications of statistical physics concepts in economics. Finally, it reviews ways quantum physics has been applied, including in decision making, game theory, and finance through models of option pricing, uncertainty, and information processing. The document suggests physics concepts may provide new insights but applications in economics also face challenges.
1. Ion traps use oscillating electric fields to confine charged particles like ions in three dimensions. Paul traps are a common type of ion trap that use radio frequency (RF) and DC electric fields to dynamically trap ions.
2. Trapped ions can be laser cooled and manipulated with laser beams, allowing experiments in quantum optics and quantum information processing. Multiple ions can be trapped together and their vibrational modes and interactions studied.
3. By coupling trapped ion internal states like atomic energy levels to motional modes using laser beams, quantum gates can be implemented to process quantum information with ions. This enables building basic elements of a trapped ion quantum computer.
A quantumbit (qubit) is the smallest unit of quantum information, analogous to a classical bit but capable of existing in a superposition of states. A qubit can be represented by a vector and can be in multiple states simultaneously. To realize qubits, various physical systems are used including trapped ions, photons, and superconducting circuits. These qubits must be cooled to extremely low temperatures near absolute zero to minimize noise and preserve quantum properties. Techniques like Doppler cooling, optical molasses, and Sisyphus cooling have allowed researchers to create qubits from trapped ions and achieve temperatures within millionths of a degree above absolute zero.
The document discusses thin film deposition techniques for industrial applications. It describes electron beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering methods. Examples are given of thin film applications in architectural glass coatings, photovoltaics, and web coating systems. Rotatable and planar sputtering targets are compared, showing higher deposition rates and uniformity are achieved with rotatable targets. Reactive sputtering is detailed for depositing oxides and nitrides. The document emphasizes von Ardenne's equipment for high-rate production coating of large glass or flexible polymer substrates.
188 Laboratori e Testimonianze realizzate, più di 1.000 docenti invitati da tutto il mondo, per oltre 7.000 ore di lezione. Sono questi i numeri dei bandi Laboratori dal Basso e Testimonianze, realizzati da ARTI – Regione Puglia tra il 2012 e il 2015.
Attraverso attività formative basate sulla domanda, per cui giovani imprenditori pugliesi tra i 18 e i 35 anni sono stati chiamati a scegliere temi, sedi, metodi didattici e docenti, ARTI ha realizzato percorsi formativi pubblici e aperti a tutti , con lezioni trasmesse anche in streaming e disponibili in remoto su una piattaforma dedicata, www.laboratoridalbasso.it
1. C o n v e r g e n z e p a r a l l e l e
l a b o r a t o r i d a l b a s s o
Lecce / Brindisi - Mesagne, 10 -11 luglio 2013
Progetti su scala territoriale
A1. Corrugated Landscape, Lamezia Terme (Italia)
A2. Runninghami, Givors – Saint Etienne (France)
Filippo Broggini arch.EPFL
BlueOffice Architecture, Bellinzona (Suisse)
A. F o r m e c o n i l p a e s a g g i o
2. I N D U S T R I E P E R I L S U D
Nuovi paesaggi industriali