2. • To be able to grow,devloped and produce at their
best plants must have specific elements or
compound called plant essentials elements .
• In lack of essential nutrients;
➢Cannot complete life cycle
➢May not germinate
➢May not able develop roots ,stem, leaves ,flower
properly
➢May not able to produce offspring
➢Plant die itself
3. ➢Having too much of a nutrients also harm or
ever kill the plants.
➢Eg.high in nitrogen –excessive growth of
vegetative parts of plants but may not
fruits,Mn –Yellowing of leaves ,Boron –kill the
plants .
4. • So we need to understand about plants
nutrients and their function .
• Can save money and effort also even plants .
• If we know how much applied and when
plants will more productive .
5. • There is 17 essentials nutrients.they are
classified in to three category .
• Macronutrients –Structural elements /Primary
/secondary.
• C,H,O/N,P,K/Ca, Mg , S
• Micronutrients –
Fe,Mn,B,Cu,Mo,Cl,Zn,Ni
6.
7. Structural elements
1) Carbon- Co2- Major component of organic
compound-rarely limiting as a nutrients; no
specific symptoms .
2) Hydrogen-H2O – Major component of
organic –rarely limiting as a nutrients ; no
specific symptoms .
3) Oxygen –H2O/O2 – Major component of
organic compound – rarely limiting as a
nutrient ;no specific symptoms .
8. Primary Nutrients
4) Nitrogen
function:
➢ Helps in cell division
➢ Give dark green color
➢ Part of amino acid
➢ Major part of chlorophyll
Deficiency :
➢ Chlorosis in older leaves
➢ Stunted growth
➢ No head formation in cabbage
➢ In corn`V’ shaped browining of leaves .
9. Phosphorous
• Function of Phosphorous
➢Promote early root formation and growth .
➢Necessary for seed formation.
➢Major role in energy storage ,acid ,protein
,DNA,RNA and enzyme .
Deficiency
➢Purple or bluish green leaves
➢Slow growth ,maturity .
➢Poor seed formation
➢Premature defoliation of leaves.
10. Potassium
• Function of Potassium
• Also called traffic police man
➢Control stomata function
➢Increase immunity power of plants .
➢Water balance in plants.
➢Transfer of starch and sugar .
Deficiency;
➢ Reduce fruit and size.
➢Marginal leaf chlorosis .
➢Weaking of Straw in grain .
11. Secondary Plant Nutrient
-Calcium
• Function of calcium
➢ Essential parts of cell wall.
➢ Increase protein content of mitochondria .
➢ Increase availability of Molybdenum .
Deficiency
➢ Malformation and disintegration of
terminal part of plant does not form
➢ Soft nose in mango
➢ Internal tip burn of cabbage
➢ Blossom end rot of tomato
12. Magnesium
Functions
➢ Oil/fat formation in seed
➢ Important part of chlorophyll
➢ Activator and component of many
enzymes
Deficiency
➢ Inteveinal chlorosis of the leaves
➢ Premature defoliation of leaves .
➢ Leaves curve upward along margin .
13. Sulfur
• Function ;
➢Promote nodulation and nitrogen
fixation in legumes .
➢Formation of sulfur containing amino
acid .
➢Gives distinct taste and smell in onion
and mustard .
Deficiency ;
➢Young leaves become uniformly yellow .
➢Reduction of protein .
➢Reduction in oil contain oil seed .
14. Micronutrients
Boron
• Function ;
➢ Required for cell division .
➢ Required for protein synthesis
➢ Help in nodule formation
➢ Flowering and fruiting in plant
Deficiency
➢ Abnormal types of fruits are formed
➢ Young leaf becomes yellow
➢ Breaking and dropping of fruits
➢ Dead heat formation in cauliflowers
15. manganese
• Function
➢It is required for synthesis of chlorophyll
.
➢It is the part of many enzymes .
➢It has important role in photosynthesis .
Deficiency
➢The young leaves develop chlorosis .
➢Flowering is greatly affected .
➢Grey steak in wheat .
16. zinc
• Function
➢It help in formation of plants hormones auxin .
➢It help in formation of protein and nucleic acid.
➢Help in formation of seed in plants .
➢Help in photosynthesis.
Deficiency
➢Yellowing of young leaf except veins green .
➢Khaira disease in rice .
➢Drying of tips in mandarin .
➢Plants will be stunted .
17.
18. Iron
• Function
➢It helps in formation of chlorophyll .
➢Needed for respiration .
➢Required for protein formation in protein in
legumes .
➢It is required for formation of many enzymes .
Deficiency
➢Yellowing of new leaves where veins remain
green .
➢Short and thin stems in plants .
19. ➢In severe leaves and stem
become white .
➢Yield of citrus soya been and
vegetable crop is reduce .
20. Copper
• Function
➢ It is the part of many enzymes .
➢ It is the important in reproductive stage of
plant grow .
➢ It improves the flavor of fruit and vegetable .
➢ Increase sugar content in citrus .
Deficiency
➢ Necrotic spots on leaves .
➢ Young leaves become twisted , curved and
margin.
➢ Dropping of fruits before maturation .
21. Chlorine
• Function
➢It helps in photosynthesis.
➢It is needed for decreasing root rot infection in
wheat .
➢It is needed for stalk rot in corn (maize).
➢It is involved in closing and opening stomata .
Deficiency
➢Wilting of upper leaves and then chlorosis .
➢Reduction in root growth .
➢Failure to set fruit .
22. Molybdenum
Function
➢ It is the part of nitrogenous enzymes .
➢ Helps in nitrogen fixation .
➢ It helps in absorption and
translocation in plants .
Deficiency
➢ Whiptail in cauliflower and broccoli .
➢ Yellow spot in citrus leaves .
➢ Nitrogen fixation reduced .
23. Nickel
• Function
➢It is the component of some plants enzymes .
➢Protect toxic substance from plant .
➢Deficiency
➢Dwarfing of foliage .
➢Cold injury .
➢Early –season leaf chlorosis
➢Dwarfed internodes .
