This document summarizes a research study on the antecedents and consequences of job satisfaction and organizational commitment among internal auditors in the telecommunications industry in Indonesia. Specifically, it analyzes how the work environment influences job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and how job satisfaction and organizational commitment then impact organizational citizenship behavior. The study aims to answer four research questions regarding the relationships between these variables. It distributed 162 survey questionnaires to internal auditors and used path analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that a conducive work environment leads to greater job satisfaction and organizational commitment, which then encourage employees to exhibit organizational citizenship behavior to help achieve organizational goals.
The Impacts Of Learning Orientation Dimention As The Relation Antecedent Between The Capability Of Information Technology Towards The Information Quality Of Accounting Management And Uncertainty Of Technology As The Moderation Variable
The Effect Of Firm Size And Organizational Culture On The Quality Of Financial Reporting In Sharia Microfinancing Institution (Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil) (The Case Of Ex Banyumas Residency-Indonesia)
The Impacts Of Learning Orientation Dimention As The Relation Antecedent Between The Capability Of Information Technology Towards The Information Quality Of Accounting Management And Uncertainty Of Technology As The Moderation Variable
The Effect Of Firm Size And Organizational Culture On The Quality Of Financial Reporting In Sharia Microfinancing Institution (Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil) (The Case Of Ex Banyumas Residency-Indonesia)
The Effect of Information Technology, User Technical Skills, Education and Tr...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study aims to determine the effect of information technology, user technical skills,
education and training on the performance of the accounting information system of the Village Credit Institution
(LPD in Indonesia).This research was conducted at LPD Tegallalang District. Determination of the sample
using nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 45 samples.
The data collection method is to use a survey method by distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique
used is multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of the analysis obtained indicate that information
technology, user technical skills, education and training have a positive and significant effect on accounting
information system performance.
KEYWORDS: accounting information system perfomance, information technology, user technical skills,
education and training
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The Effects of Organizational Changes Towards Students' EmotionNada Rahmah Majied
This paper have been presented at 5th Global Conference Business and Social Science (GCBSS) organized by Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) at Bangsar South-Kuala Lumpur- Malaysia, 4-5 May, 2017.
Abstract:
Organizational change can produce a number of positive and negative emotional responses. This study uses the Theory of Emotional Contagion (Hatfield, Cacioppo & Rapson, 1993) where negative as well as positive feelings can be transferred to others. The aims of the study are to examine the effects of perception on technological change, leadership change and structural change towards students’ emotions; and to analyze the mediating effect of experience on perception and emotion resulting from organizational changes. The study employs the quantitative research design using the survey method with the self-administered questionnaire. A total of 223 respondents was collected from among the undergraduate students at a faculty in a public university who have faced organizational changes (technological, leadership and structural). Results reveal that perceptions of technology, leadership and structural changes are found to have moderate effects on students’ emotions. However, experiences of change partially mediate students’ emotion and perception of technological, leadership and structural changes. Experience with organizational changes affects students’ emotions badly. This implies that the Emotional Contagion Theory holds true for organizational changes as the hypotheses are supported.
The Rayon Office On Of Sub District, So The Head Of Rayon Office Receipt Part Of Authority Delegated From Sub District, And The Sub District Receipt Part Of Authority Delegated From The Local Government.
Many organizations and institutions are struggling to survive in a business and market environment
which is volatile and fierce, and thus they are doing everything within their means in their quest to keep the
motivation levels of their staff high and to ensure an increase in their competitiveness and an improvement in
performance. Several studies indicate that improved employee performance gives organizations an age over and
above the others in the same business
The Effect of Information Technology, User Technical Skills, Education and Tr...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study aims to determine the effect of information technology, user technical skills,
education and training on the performance of the accounting information system of the Village Credit Institution
(LPD in Indonesia).This research was conducted at LPD Tegallalang District. Determination of the sample
using nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 45 samples.
The data collection method is to use a survey method by distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique
used is multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of the analysis obtained indicate that information
technology, user technical skills, education and training have a positive and significant effect on accounting
information system performance.
KEYWORDS: accounting information system perfomance, information technology, user technical skills,
education and training
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The Effects of Organizational Changes Towards Students' EmotionNada Rahmah Majied
This paper have been presented at 5th Global Conference Business and Social Science (GCBSS) organized by Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) at Bangsar South-Kuala Lumpur- Malaysia, 4-5 May, 2017.
Abstract:
Organizational change can produce a number of positive and negative emotional responses. This study uses the Theory of Emotional Contagion (Hatfield, Cacioppo & Rapson, 1993) where negative as well as positive feelings can be transferred to others. The aims of the study are to examine the effects of perception on technological change, leadership change and structural change towards students’ emotions; and to analyze the mediating effect of experience on perception and emotion resulting from organizational changes. The study employs the quantitative research design using the survey method with the self-administered questionnaire. A total of 223 respondents was collected from among the undergraduate students at a faculty in a public university who have faced organizational changes (technological, leadership and structural). Results reveal that perceptions of technology, leadership and structural changes are found to have moderate effects on students’ emotions. However, experiences of change partially mediate students’ emotion and perception of technological, leadership and structural changes. Experience with organizational changes affects students’ emotions badly. This implies that the Emotional Contagion Theory holds true for organizational changes as the hypotheses are supported.
The Rayon Office On Of Sub District, So The Head Of Rayon Office Receipt Part Of Authority Delegated From Sub District, And The Sub District Receipt Part Of Authority Delegated From The Local Government.
Many organizations and institutions are struggling to survive in a business and market environment
which is volatile and fierce, and thus they are doing everything within their means in their quest to keep the
motivation levels of their staff high and to ensure an increase in their competitiveness and an improvement in
performance. Several studies indicate that improved employee performance gives organizations an age over and
above the others in the same business
This paper presents the design and the implementation of a new microcontroller-based solar
Power inverter. The aim of this paper is to design single phase inverter which can convert DC voltage
to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar and wind powered electricity generation are
being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. Power
inverters, which convert solar-cell DC into domestic-use AC, are one of the key technologies for
delivering efficient AC power The hardware and software design are oriented towards a single-chip
microcontroller-based system, hence minimizing the size and cost. With this new approach the
modularization of the conversion from solar power to electric power at its maximum power point can
be made more compact and more reliable.
Searching is one of the important operations in computer science. Retrieving information from
huge databases takes a lot of processing time to get the results. The user has to wait till the completion
of processing to find whether search is successful or not. In this research paper, it provides a detailed
study of Binary Search and how the time complexity of Binary Search can be reduced by using Odd
Even Based Binary Search Algorithm, which is an extension of classical binary search strategy. The
worst case time complexity of Binary Search can be reduced from O(log2N) to O(log2(N-M)) where
N is total number of items in the list and M is total number of even numbers if search KEY is ODD
or M is total number of odd numbers if search KEY is EVEN. Whenever the search KEY is given, first
the KEY is determined whether it is odd or even. If given KEY is odd, then only odd numbers from
the list are searched by completely ignoring list of even numbers. If given KEY is even, then only
even numbers from the list are searched by completely ignoring list of odd numbers. The output of
Odd Even Based algorithm is given as an input to Binary Search algorithm. Using Odd Even Based
Binary Search algorithm, the worst case performances in Binary Search algorithm are converted
into best case or average case performance. Therefore, it reduces total number of comparisons, time
complexity and usage of various computer resources.
Hydraulics now a days is a very distinguished area which has lot of major challenges often came in its
progress due to the realistic changes affecting on applicable working fluid viz. Water. Most occasions,
Water can be easily available but in certain times it may be scarce also. The available water vary according
to its properties. It exists in normal conditions as well as salty or hardy due to deposits. Majority of Water
is contaminated with minerals, dust or dirt. Often pure water which may be acidic or alkaline can be used
for making discharges through the Turbines
THE AFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT, JOB SATISFACTION, ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT ON ...pitaloka .
This study is analyzing the work environment, job satisfaction, and commitment in enhancing the organizational citizenship behavior of the internal auditor in Indonesia telecommunication industry. A conducive working environment will have a positive impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Employees will feel comfortable and confident with the organization safe with their job. If employees satisfied with their work, they want to support the goals, objectives and maintain their membership in the organization. The work environment is antecedent of job satisfaction and commitment variables. Job satisfaction and commitment have a positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior. Employees who are satisfied with the job and organization are tends to perform extra roles for the organization’s benefit. High organizational commitment encourages employees exhibit a strong OCB such as high labor initiative, concerned about a co-worker in the organization interests, and prioritize the organization concerned. Work environment, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment are important in developing the behavior of OCB.
A Study Of The Effect Of Organization, Employees Opinion, Experience And Comm...IOSR Journals
Employees form the basis and foundation for the growth of the organization just like a seed giving
rise to a huge tree bearing fruits and vegetables. The employees promote the growth of an organization to
produce useful products beneficial to mankind and the country. Employee satisfaction is defined as “a function
of perceived performance and expectations”. The reasons such as high stress, lack of communication within the
company, recognition, good working conditions or limited growth opportunities force the employees to resign.
My study is focussed on determining the effect of some of the above stated reasons on the employees in order to
achieve maximum career success. To assess the degree of Employee Satisfaction, Questionnaires were
administered to the employees in the real estate company taking a random of seventy employees for the study
and the research methodology to be used for analysis of the study was descriptive and inferential statistics. The
validity of the questionnaire was tested, using the Cronbach Reliability Calculator software. Further, the
influences of demographics such as gender, age, educational qualification, designation and years of experience on their opinions were examined by Chi-Square Test and the effect of the Constructs on Employee Satisfaction were determined by Regression Analysis.
An Empirical Study of Employees’ Motivation and its Influence Job SatisfactionAI Publications
Human Resource Management is getting more important in the business nowadays, because people and their knowledge are the most important aspects affecting the productivity of the company. One of the main aspects of Human Resource Management is the measurement of employee satisfaction. Companies have to make sure that employee satisfaction is high among the workers, which is a precondition for increasing productivity, responsiveness, quality, and recognitionservice. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the level of employee satisfaction and work motivation. It also deals with the effect the culture has on employee satisfaction. The theoretical framework of this thesis includes such concepts as, job satisfaction, motivation, and rewards differences. One of the biggest strength of the organization is the relationship and communication between the employees and the managers.
Impact of Organizational Culture and Conflict on Employees Performance at Pt ...inventionjournals
: The purpose of this study is to analyze the Impact of Organizational Culture And Conflict on Employee Performance while Satisfaction as intervening variable. The studytake place at PT Pembangunan Jaya Ancol using research methods. The sample is using purposive random sampling with 100 respondents. Analysis tool using SPSS with path analysis besides that using classic assumption test, normality, heterodekistas, autocorrelation and multicolleration. The results of the research shows that organizational culture variable affect on satisfaction variable, conflict variable affect on satisfaction, organizational culture variable does not affect performance, conflict variable affect on satisfaction andsatisfaction variable does not affect on performance. Test result of coefficient determination shows that satisfactionscore R2 = 39.3%. Coefficients for other variables outside the research affects 0.77, whereas the performance score R2 = 0.922 and the influence of other variables score to 0.279. The best way to solve problem is PT Pembangunan Jaya Ancol Tbk should develop openness to public
A Study on Impact of Internal Mobility on Organisational Performance: A Case ...IJLT EMAS
Over a time, manufacturing Industry in India is essentially an outstanding amongst the most well-known enterprises in Indian market. Manufacturing is the producing of goods and a service using labor and other machinery tools this helps to understand the organization performance directly or indirectly has an impact on internal mobility of an employee. Internal mobility mainly tells that relying upon worker's expertise skill and prerequisites with the toss of the employment with organizational commitment and the change in job structure, job design occurs with or without raise in the salary. Organization performance which has many factors which influence the performance but internal mobility is also a supporting factor which has an impact in achieving the vision of the company. This gives an understanding that apart from providing all the necessary facility and good working culture, healthy promotion and transfer employee exit rates are increasing. Thus, internal mobility is most preferable objective to success which implies observable career accomplishments such as promotion, transfer & hierarchical level held and salary. In future to achieve internal mobility, company should adapt the principle of succession management at all ranks, provide transparent discussion of skill and the potential, as well as organizational needs. The reason for this would the favoritism and lack of recognition which is making an employee dissatisfaction towards their organization by this I conclude that the unfair or unethical practices in organization with respect to the internal mobility in the future periods make employee unhappy this is one of the reason to leave an organization which creates a huge impact in the organization performance
A STUDY ON JOB ON JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES AT VIJAYALAKSHMI ENGINEERING ...IAEME Publication
Human resource is considered to be most valuable asset in any organization. It is the sum-total of inherent abilities, acquired knowledge and skill represented by talents and aptitude of the employed person who comprise executives, supervisors and rank file employees. It may be noted here that human resources should be utilized to maximum possible extent, in order to achieve individual and organizational goals.
It is thus employee performance, which ultimately decides the attainment of goals. However, the employee performance is to large extent, influence by motivation and job satisfaction. So an attempt has been made by the researcher to study the job satisfaction level of the staffs in VEWL located at Thuvakudi-Trichy.
The main purpose of this study is to explain and
Test the effects of Job satisfaction, Job performance towards
Organizational commitment. Job satisfaction & employee job
Performance is a pleasurable and positive result from the
experience of one employee job and their job experiences.
Highly satisfied person, the higher level of job satisfaction and
committed towards the works and performance. It may be
assumed that high level of satisfied employees towards work
more committed to the organization and it’s also enhance the
performance of the employees based on this attitude. Data used
in this study is based on primary data which were collected
through closed questionnaire with 1-5 Likert scale. The result
of this study showed that there is positive relationship between
job satisfaction and job performance but not significant effect
to job satisfaction and job performance of an employee’s .The
result showed that every positive efforts towards
organizational has a positive effects on organization
commitment and towards job satisfaction & job performance
in an organization.
Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employee Retention of IT Professionalsijtsrd
Human resources are the source of revenue of all types of an organization. The major challenge that organizations are facing today is not only managing these resources but also retaining them. Securing and retaining experienced employees plays an important task in any organization, because employees acquaintance and skills are vital to companies ability to be competitive cost-effectively. This paper focusing on employee satisfaction can positively impact the organization as it increases the productivity, performance, quality of work, profits & dedication to the organization, reduced turnover, superior attendance. Thus, this paper seeks to look at the impact of job satisfaction on employee retention of information technology professionals specifically the software engineers. Pavithra. P | Dr. V. M. Anitha Rajathi"Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employee Retention of IT Professionals" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10884.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/10884/impact-of-job-satisfaction-on-employee-retention-of-it-professionals/pavithra-p
The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment and Empo...inventionjournals
The aim of this conducted study is to analyze the effect of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, empowerment of organizational citizenship behavior and managerial performance at PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia. Analyzing the effect of organizational citizenship behavior on managerial performance at PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia and analyze the influence of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, empowerment of managerial performance through organizational citizenship behavior at PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia. The population in this research is manager of PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia spread over 24 provinces which consist of 150 people. Sampling method used in this study using census. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result of research shows that transformational leadership, organizational commitment and empowerment give influence to organizational citizenship behavior and managerial performance of PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia. Organizational citizenship behavior gives influence to managerial performance of PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia. Transformational leadership, organizational commitment, empowerment gives effect to managerial performance through organizational citizenship behavior of PT. Cobra Direct Sale Indonesia
This study aims to determine the factors that influence the turnover intention of private sector
employees in East Java. This type of research is causality research, which is to determine the relationship
pattern of prophet leadership, work environment, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, compensation
and turnover intention. So that we can find out the structure of the model for the five latent variables and can be
used as a reference to reduce employee turnover intention according to the indicators that are most capable of
contributing to each latent variable that is measured. The population in this study is the entire Surabaya
community who work as private employees
Job Satisfaction Perception of Management Loyalty and Turnover Intent A Confi...Atif Ahmed
The main objective behind doing this study is to explain the motivational factors which can affect job satisfaction of a person within the organization. For this purpose, we have designed an easy and understandable research instrument (Likert scale Questionnaire) and
filled from the people working in different firms mainly SBT JAPAN and AXact. The variables used in this research are Job Satisfaction as dependent variable and Loyalty, Perception of Management, and Turnover Intent as independent variables.
Role of Organizational Commitment & Transformational Leadership in Enhancing ...inventionjournals
Past and present studies discuss the importance of transformational leadership and organizational commitment in an organization. This study further aimed at adding into the existing body of literature and explores the relationship between organizational commitment, transformational leadership and its role in enhancing employee in role performance and organizational citizenship behavior in banking sector of Pakistan. Study explores a significant positive relationship between variables. A sample of 240 employees working in public sector was drawn using multistage cluster sampling. 180 respondents took final part and response rate was 75%. Data was collected primarily with help of questionnaire and further analyzed with help of several techniques e.g. descriptive statistics to describe & summarize the data. Correlation and regression analysis was run to prove the hypothesis of the study.
A STUDY ON ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION IN SELECTED BUSINESS ...IAEME Publication
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Employees’ productivity is largely related to their level of job satisfaction and in fact, the turnover rate can be reduced with a higher level of organizational commitment. Therefore, it is important for an organization to study the relationships between these two variables. The database was collected from the organization through a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of personal data, Questions related to the dimension organization commitment and job satisfaction in Selected BPOs in Tiruchirappalli. Hence the sample size for the study is 110 respondents by adopting Purposive sampling technique.
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Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
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Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
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1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
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3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
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1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
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India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
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Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
Explore our most comprehensive guide on lookback analysis at SafePaaS, covering access governance and how it can transform modern ERP audits. Browse now!
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Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
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Klibel5 bus 40
1. Proceeding - Kuala Lumpur International Business, Economics and Law Conference Vol. 2.
November 29 - 30, 2014. Hotel Putra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ISBN 978-967-11350-4-4
139
ANTECEDENT AND CONEQUENCE OF INTERNAL AUDITORS JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT
Endang Pitaloka
Phd Student of Management Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Email: pitaloka.oka@gmail.com
Irma Paramita Sofia
Accounting Studies Universitas Pembangunan Jaya, Indonesia
Email: irma_paramita@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Telecommunication industry became one of the rapidly growing industry along with the increasing development of technology and information needs. In addition to the changes in technology and information, the three largest telecommunications companies in Indonesia have ownwership change. Nowdays the majority shareholder of Indonesian telecommunication company was owned by foreign investor. Theese changes employee recruitment standards . The company seeks many experienced and qualified employees from a rival company, with an offer of a better salary package. If the company is not able to retain the best talent, it will cause problems in the performance and competitive advantage. This shows the importance of employees commitment and employee performance. Employees including internal auditor will give their best performance if get job satisfaction and get support from the company. Internal Auditor is one of the functions in the organization whose job is to examine the management of the organization and the fairness of the organization's financial statements. The importance of their role required internal auditor to give their best performance to the needs of company. Telecommunication industry have found difficult to retain good internal auditors. There is need for the organization to come up with strategies to retain employees and improve the company’s performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the work environment as antecedent cause job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and how job satisfaction, organizational commitment have an impact on organizational citizenship behavior. About 162 survey questionnaires were distributed by using in person and email. The data were processed using Path Analysis. The results showed that the work environment is antecedent of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment significantly affect organizational citizenship behavior. A conducive work environment lead to job satisfaction organization commitment. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment encourage employee to show organizational citizenship behavior in achieving organization goals.
Keywords: Work environment, job satisfaction, commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, internal auditor
2. Proceeding - Kuala Lumpur International Business, Economics and Law Conference Vol. 2.
November 29 - 30, 2014. Hotel Putra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ISBN 978-967-11350-4-4
140
INTRODUCTION Every organization wants to have employees with competence in accordance with the needs of their organization, committed to the organization and have high performance. Therefore any company competing for the best employees. Companies need to do something to attract potential employees. One of the things that can be done to attract potential employees is to establish a pleasant working environment. Jain and Kaur (2014) Work environment involves all the aspects which act and react on the body and mind of an employee. If the environment is congenial, fatigue, monotony and boredom are minimized and work performance can be maximised. work environment is one of the comprehensive concept because it includes aspects of physical, psychological and social working conditions. The work environment can have a positive or negative effect on psychological and welfare of employees. In organizations with high job demands and high pressures tend to make employee stress. Stress can have a negative impact on employee productivity and performance for the organization. Difficult working environment would make the employees are not happy and are not comfortable with the organization (Bakotić and Babić, 2013). organization seeks to eliminate the negatives of the work environment so that employees are satisfied with their works. Job satisfaction shows how much an employee likes his work, job satisfaction is a sense of comfort and positive experience that an employee have related to his job. Job satisfaction can affect work behavior and organization performance. Employees who are satisfied will have high performance thereby improving organizational performance (Abdullah and Ramay, 2012) . Creating a supportive work environment is a necessity for organizations who want job satisfaction (Mokaya et al, 2013). Job satisfaction is the key to productivity and employee performance, job satisfaction also explain the behavior of employees (Mehboob and Bhutto, 2012). The work environment also has a relationship with organizational commitment. Commitment refers to the focus and the desire of attachment of an individual to a certain task or his work (Abdullah and Ramay, 2012). If the employee works in a good working environment, the employee 's organizational commitment will increase. Organization with committed employees, will have low employee turnover rate. For the achievement of stability and to retain the competitive position, it is necessary to enhance the commitment level of employees. Attractive work environment helps make the employees more committed, enhances their motivation and satisfaction level. Organizational commitment is affected by different outcomes like work environment, motivation, turnover, and organizational support (Danish et al, 2013). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment is an important element in the organization. Both of these factors can affect employee behavior and performance of employees. This is confirmed by Uludag et al (2011 ) which states job satisfaction, motivation, and organizational commitment affect organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Organ defined organizational citizenship behavior as unconditional behavior which is shown by an employee beyond from what is asked by organization and the responsibility is given to organization. The behavior like that is not received the official recognition as the organization demand to its employ although OCB can encourage the efficiency. The organizational citizenship berhaviors (OCB) appears due to its employee has the motivation to do more than Company’s hope to reach its goal.
Job satisfaction and organitation commitment are important to organization success. Both can impact on employee retention and employee behavior. It is believed that internal motivation, emotional association of belongingness to the organization, regard for the organization’s goals, and a willing team commitment are instrumental in fostering the construct of organizational citizenship behavior (Uludag et al, 2011).
Abdullah and Ramay ( 2012) also showed job satisfaction and commitment influence OCB. OCB arise because employees have the urge to behave more than requested by the organization to achieve its objectives. In other words OCB encourages corporate efficiency. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a consequence of the work environment. OCB is also the reciprocal of the organization with employees, employees who are satisfied with their job will exhibit OCB. According to Organ (1988), OCB is an important factor that can contribute to the survival of the organization.
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Therefore, it is very important to understand the variables that significantly and positively assist in creating this OCB behavior . Telecommunication industry became one of the rapidly growing industry along with the increasing development of technology and information needs. In addition to the changes in technology and information, the three largest telecommunications companies in Indonesia have ownwership change. Nowdays the majority shareholder of indonesian telecommunication company was owned by foreign investor. Theese changes employee recruitment standards. The company seeks many experienced and qualified employees from a rival company, with an offer of a better salary package. If the company is not able to retain the best talent, it will cause problems in the performance and competitive advantage. This shows the importance of employees commitment and employee performance. Employees will give their best performance if get job satisfaction and get support from the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze work environment as antecedent of job satisfaction and organization commitment, and how job satisfaction, organization commitment have an impact on organizational citizenship behavior.
RESEARCH QUESTION
The major motivation of this research is to examine how work environtment as antecedent affect job satisfaction and organization commitment, and how job satisfaction and organization commitment influence organizational citizenship behavior of internal auditor in telecommunicaton industry.
More specifically, it seeks to answer the following research questions:
1. Can work environment affect job satisfaction?
2. Can work environment affect organization commitment?
3. Can job satisfaction affect organizational citizenship behavior?
4. Can organization commitment affect organizational citizenship behavior?
BENEFITS OF RESEARCH
1. The research is hoped to give the benefit for knowledge development of human resource management, specifically, related to working environment, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB).
2. The research is also hoped to give the contribution for corporate to apply the behavior of Organizational Citizenship in planning and implementing some policies to support OCB.
LITERATURE REVIEW
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Nowday most of organizations pay attention in employees needed. They tries to provide positive working environment so the employees will be happy and satisfied. They believe that happier the employees are, more delightful the customer will be (Mehboob and Bhutto 2012).
Woodman et al (1993) examined two work environment characteristics in organization 1) group characteristics includes norms, consistency in group, problem solving approaches used in the group; 2). organizational characteristics including rewards, recognition, strategy, structure, resources, organizational culture and technology. Both characteristics have the potential to encourage innovation and creativity.
According to Mehboob and Bhutto (2012) the concept of work environment is comprehensive one including the physical, psychological and social aspects that mark up the working condition. Work environment involves all the aspects which act and react on the body and mind of an employee.
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Workplace environment plays a vital role in motivating employees to perform their assigned work (Chandrasekar, 2010). The working environment factors are: 1) Space and facilities required doing the job, 2) Relationship with superiors at the workplace, 3) Equality of treatment at the workplace, 4) Communication system at the workplace, 5) Environmental actors are conducive to work, 6) Procedures to identify and control hazards (Chandrasekar, 2010).
While Wallgren (2011) stated the working environment factors are: 1) variety in tasks, 2) job autonomy, 3) praise for a job well done, 4) the chance to acquire new skills and 5) the sense of accomplishment.
Mehboob and Bhutto (2012) described work environment as the environment in which people are working. Such as, it is very wide category that incorporates the physical scenery (e.g. noise, equipment, heat), fundamentals of the job itself (e.g. workload, task, complexity) extensive business features (e.g. culture, history) and even extra business background (e.g. industry setting, workers relation).
According to Mehboob and Bhutto (2012) characteristics of work environment are: 1) apparent and open communication, 2) stability of work-life, 3) impartiality, 4) consistency and predictability situation.
The definition of the working environment in this research is any attribute in the organization includes physical and nonphysical affecting employees in doing through employment. Phssical factors such as space and facilitties. Nonphysical factors such as fairness treatment at the workplace, communication climate, rules and procedures at the workplace.
JOB SATISFACTTION
Job satisfaction is ‘‘individual’s positive emotional reaction to a particular job (Nadiri and Tanova 2010). It reflects the positive emotion of employees towards the work and organization. Job satisfaction “is related to self-perception of needs fulfillment through work (malik et al, 2010). Job satisfaction level of an employee is manifestation of his positive and negative feelings about his workplace and work itself (Arif and Cohan 2012). According to Robbin and Judge (2011) job satisfaction is a collection of positive and/or negative feelings that an individual holds toward his or her job.
Huang and Liu (2012) defines job satisfaction as: the gap between actual and expected earnings compared by the personnel with related others on salary raise and promotion according to the ratio of their devotion and earnings. According to Bakotić, Babić (2013) job satisfaction is a sense of comfort and positive experience that an employee have related to his job.
Job satisfaction shows how much an employee likes his work as well as the level of his preoccupation with work. Job satisfaction can affect work behavior, and through that, the organizational performance.
Kreitner and Kinicki (2012) identified five factors determined job satisfaction: need fulfillment (e.g. salary needs, family needs); discrepancies between what is expected and what actually happens; fulfillment of work values, equity or fairness of treatment; and dispositional (genetic) components where certain congenital personality traits lead to job satisfaction.
According to Smith, Kendall and Hulin (Mohammad et all 2011), all sources of job satisfaction fall into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction. Intrinsic sources originate from within the individual and have psychological value. Such satisfactions are essentially self-administered. In contrast, extrinsic sources of satisfaction originate from the environment (outside the individual). Forces beyond the individual's control (e.g., job security and fringe benefits) determine the frequency and magnitude of extrinsic satisfaction.
Job satisfaction should include a variety of factors such as nature of work, salary, stress, working conditions, colleagues, superiors, working hours (Bakotić , Babić 2013). Factors the affecting job satisfaction are: fringe benefit, relationship with management and co-workers, technology innovation (Khuong and Vu, 2014). In this study the definition of job satisfaction is the emotional and psychological feeling towards his job . Job satisfaction is measured through the following indicators: job it self, benefits, relationships with other employees, promotional opportunities.
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ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Organizational Commitment is defined as the sense of identity and individual’s dependence on the organization (Allameh, 2001). Lee (2005) difined commitment as a loyalty toward the organization and in-progress processes by the members of an organization, concerning about organizational achievements. Organization commitment means the degree to which employee identifies with a practicular organization and its goals and wishsing to maintain membership in the organization (Robbin and Judge, 2011).
Organizational commitment is determined by: 1) personal factors (age, gender), 2) internal and external control properties, 3) organizational factors (designing the job and leadership style of a supervisor), 4) nonorganizational factors (existence of a replacement), affecting on organizational commitment.According to Meyer Affective, continuance and normative commitment are the tools to measure organizational commitment (Robbins and Judges, 2011).
Organization commitment refers to the employee’s emotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in the organization (Malik et al, 2010). Commitment refers to the focus and the desire of attachment of an individual to a certain task or his work. Organizational commitment refers to individual feelings of employees with regard to the organization.
Organizational commitment showed by behaviors and performance of employees at the workplace (Mehrabi et al, 2013). Commitment explain empolyee behavior. Organizational commitment is defined based on the individual’s relative ability and involvement in a certain organization. It indicates the attitudes of people toward the organization’s values and goals (Mehrabi et al, 2013).
Batool and Ullah (2013) showed three points about organizational commitment 1). A burly belief in the organizational values and goals. 2) Willingness to exert sufficient effort on behalf of the institute. 3) A strong wish to maintain association in organization (Mowday. Attitudes, risk of work, and relation with co worker and managers might affect organization commitment (Khuong and Vu 2014).
In this research, organization commitment difined as the desire of employees to support the goals, values and objectives of the organization and also maintain membership in the organization. This research used Affective, continuance and normative commitment are to measure organizational commitment.
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)
Organ (1988) defined OCB as “individual behavior that is discretionary, not directly or explicitly recognized by the formal reward system, and that in the aggregate promotes the effective functioning of the organization.” According to Organ (1988) there were five categories of OCB. These are altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, courtesy, and civic virtue.
Organizational citizenship behavior is the extra role behavior that is demonstrated by the individual, this behavior is not a compulsory part of the job requirements. Organizational citizenship behavior refered to voluntary behavior that is not explicitly identified by the organization's formal reward system and, in general, makes the responsibility level of the individual promoted in the organization (Allameh 2001).
Organizational citizenship behaviors are “behaviors of a discretionary nature that are not part of employees’ formal role requirements”; nevertheless, these behaviors contribute to the effective functioning of an organization (Robbin and Judge, 2011). Huang and Liu difined organizational citizenship behaviors as the behaviors voluntarily conducted by personnel outside their official job requirements which may reinforce organization’s efficiency.
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According to Vondey (2010) organizatinal citizenship behaviors are behavior voluntarily showed by employee in achieving organization goals. OCB measured by four factors: 1) interpersonal helping focuses on helping co-workers, 2) individual initiative describes communication to others that improves individual and group performance, 3) personal industry relates to specific tasks that are not part of the job description, such as not missing work, 4) loyal boosterism promotes the organization‘s image to others (Vondey, 2010). Huang and Liu (2012) defined the OCBs as the behaviors voluntarily conducted by personnel outside their official job requirements which may reinforce organization’s efficiency. The tools to measure OCB in Huang and Liu studies are: 1) organization identification, 2) assisting colleagues, 3) accountability and law abiding, 4) interpersonal harmony and 5) protection of corporate resources.
Organizational citizenship behavior represents a human conduct of voluntary action and mutual aid without request for pay or formal rewards in return and now become quite a relatively new concept in performance analysis (Lian and Tui, 2012). Examples of employees OCB include: accepting extra duties and responsibilities at work, working overtime when needed and helping subordinates with their work.
Organizational citizenship behavior is not specified by any contract or not even expected by an average employee ,this behavior is organizationally desirable because this behavior assist resource transformation’, adaptability and innovation in order to increase the organization efficiency (Turnipseed & Murkison, 1996). Organizational Citizenship behavior are the actions that are not nominated or demanded by the formal job responsibilities (Farh, Zhong & Organ, 2004).
Past researches have suggested that there is a relationship between OCB and a host of outcomes, such as satisfaction, commitment, employee productivity, and etc. This behavior encourage efficient and effective functioning of the organization. The definition of OCB in this study is the behavior of employees who act and do something out of his responsibility to the organization interest, and not expecting anything in return. OCB factor in this research include: 1) employee initiative, 2) other-oriented, 3) organization-oriented.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENVIRONTMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION
Roelofsen (2002) showed that the work environment affects job satisfaction. Comfortable working environment reduce complaints and the level of absence for employees satisfied with their job. Organizations must be able to create a conducive working environment. Heartfield ( 2012) work environment affects job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is not only based on material benefits , an organization with a positive communication climate, and positive social interaction increased job satisfaction .
Mokaya et al (2013) condusive workplace characterized by a cheerful and pleasant atmosphere, bright and cheerful decorations, proper arrangement of facilities and adequate working space; all having positive effect on employee job satisfaction. Good work environment condition helps employees accomplish their work and organizational goals; making the workplace more enjoyable, thus increasing job satisfaction.
Jain and Kaur (2014) studied proved that good working condition, refreshment & recreation facility, health & safety facility, fun at workplace increase the degree of job satisfaction. On the other hand workload, stress, overtime, fatigue, boredom are some factors to increase job dissatisfaction. Effectual human resource management and preserving progressive work environment would consequence sthe job satisfaction and performance of organisation as well as entire economy.
Empirical research of Bakotić and Babic (2013) paper showed that there is no significant difference in overall job satisfaction between workers who work in normal working conditions and workers who work in difficult working conditions. workers who work in normal working conditions are more satisfied with working conditions than workers who work under difficult working conditions. Organization should provided good working conditions which may act favorably on their overall job satisfaction as well as their performance.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENVIRONTMENT AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT
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Employee commitment to the organization is a crucial issue in today's. The correlation of affective organizational commitment and work environment conditions indicated a significant and positive relationship. Also, a statistically significant relationship was found between affective organizational commitment and life satisfaction (Vanaki and Vagharseyyedin, 2009). It means the implementation of a comprehensive program to improve the work conditions and life satisfaction could enhance their organizational commitment.
Haggins (2011) suggest that social support as the part of work environment is the key to increasing organizational commitment. According to Abdullah and Ramay (2012) a healthy and friendly work environment may enhance an employee’s commitment towards his work and organization, the result of Abdullah and Ramay studied showed that Work environment significant to organizational commitment. Dorgham (2012) proved the positive relationship between organization work climate and organizational commitment, theese showed that organizational climate was significantly and positively related to organizational commitment.
Work environment and perceived organizational support help enhance the organizational commitment and self-monitoring mediates this association (Danish et al, 2013).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)
Satisfied employees who feel fairly treated are more willing to engage in behaviors that go beyond the normal expectations of their job (Robbin and Judge, 2011). Job satisfaction has implications on organizational behavior. These implications can produce positive and negative behavior. Organization tries to satisfied employee. If they satisfied they will demonstrate positive behaviors. Satisfied employee will show positive attitude and feelings towards his job (Mehboob and Bhutto 2012).
According to Organ and Ryan (1995) Job satisfaction has strong relationship with OCB. Employees will tend to demonstrate organizational citizenship when they feel satisfied with their jobs, against support or benefit provided by their organization. Werner (1994) proved the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Only satisfied employees seem more likely to display positive behaviors that can effectively contributeto the overall functioning of the organization.
Mohammad et al (2010) studied showed that the two categories of job satisfaction: intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction have significant affect on organizational citizenship behavior. Both intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfactions are important variables in predicting the citizenship behaviours that can benefit organizations. Therefore, priority should be given to both intrinsic and extrinsic variables that will encourage employees to be more spontaneous and willing to achieve the organisational goals even though they exceed their formal duties and responsibilities.
The similiar result was proved by Uludag et al (2011) and Arif & Cohan (2012) a job satisfaction is positively related to organizational citizenship behavior and negatively related to turnover intentions. Job satisfaction reflects the feeling of employees whereby they express contentment and a positive attitude towards the work and organization. Satisfaction is an attitude.
Arif and Chohan (2012) was found there is a significant degree of correlation with the dimensions of job satisfaction and within the dimensions of OCB. The increase in job satisfaction will significantly increase the organizational citizenship behavior of the employees and vice versa.
Mehboob and Bhutto (2012) found a weak relationship between job satisfaction and OCB’s dimensions. The job satisfaction only foundrelated with Courtesy and Altruism dimensions of OCB, while other dimensions found insignificantlyrelated with job satisfaction. The result showed that job satisfaction is a weak predictor of OCB and only has partial influence on the various dimensions of OCB.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)
Today it becomes crucial to have employee that have strong organizational citizenship behavior, especially because past researchs propved that OCBs affects organization performance. One factor that can develop OCB is organizational commitment.
Employees who have organization commitment demonstrated loyalty and show positive behavior to achieve organization goals. This behavior called organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). OCB represents the individuals’ attitudes toward the organization’s values and goals. An employee who is highly committed to the organization contributes to the organization performance. (Freund & Carmeli, 2003). In the study of Liu (2009) organizational commitment affect organizational citizenship behavior significantly. Liu studied also obtained a strong correlation between organizational commitment and OCB, organizational commitment can predict organizational citizenship behavior .
Tsai and Tsai (2010) studied showed that organizational citizenship behaviors can be influenced positively by organizational commitments. organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational commitments could influence organizational learning effects positively. When the staffs are loyal to loyalties to their organization, they can make more commitments to help the organization to complete organization’s strategies. These results lead to the conclusion that when the manager of an organization provide their staff with high organizational commitments, the higher quality of organizational commitments results in the employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors very well.
Benjamin (2012) analyzed the influence of affective commitment on organizational citizenship behavior . The result showed that affective commitment had a statistically significant relationship with organizational citizenship behavior and voluntary turnover intentions. With affective commitment and OCB employees are able to put the interest of organization above personal interest, work diligently, sacrificially and proactively, unleash creative and innovative potentials, defend the organization when necessary and stay with the organization in turbulent times while actively participating in efforts to salvage it. Affective commitment and OCB, indeed, key to organizational success and long-term sustainability.
Mehrabi et al (2013) stated that organizational commitment has a positive relationship only with OCB dimensions of altruism and conscientiousness . Employees work with goodwill at the workplace whenever the conditions are lower than the desirable limit and without any complaint. Employees also perform the tasks that are not bound to do but performing them is in the interests of the organization. Also employees help their colleagues do their tasks.
HYPOTHESIS:
1. Work environment as antecedent is significantly affected job satisfaction.
2. Work environment as antecedent is significantly affected organization commitment.
3. Job satisfaction is significantly affected organizational citizenship behavior.
4. Organiz isation commitmen significantly affected organizational citizenship behavior.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative method. In addition, this study also tested the hypothesis, and relationship between the variables studied. Data for this study were collected using questionnaire that were conducted in Jakarta. These study involved 162 internal auditors. All of the internal auditors work in the big three telecommunication companies in Indonesia. The data were processed using Path Analysis. Further analysis of the data include hypothesis testing with t-test.
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RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The result of this research showed in figure 1, and table 1.
Figure 1 result of research model (OCB model)
Tabel 1: Estimation output of OCB model
Estimate
Satandardized
S.E.
C.R.
P
Label
Commitment
<--
WorkEnv
.523
.507
.070
7.460
***
par_1
Jobsatisfaction
<--
WorkEnv
.339
.355
.070
4.826
***
par_2
OCB
<--
Commitment
.294
.375
.071
4.173
***
par_3
OCB
<--
Jobsatisfaction
.217
.254
.076
2.835
.005
par_4
From the tabel above, all variable are significantl affected directly and indirectly.
HYPOTHESIS ANALYSIST
WORK ENVIRONTMENT ON ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT
The results showed that the work environment significantly affects job satisfaction. Cconducive working environment will cause a physical pleasure and satisfaction with employee’s job. Job satisfaction is an accumulation of feelings and attitudes of individuals in the organization by comparing what is expected and what is received by the employees from the organization. Facilities and equipments that support the jobs, a clear and written job procedures will facilitate employees to finishing their work. A good communication makes employees have a social interaction with superiors and co-workers. Fair treatment and enforced regulations and firmly to any person will make employees feel valued and make employees have a fair chance of promotion. Based on the research results, work environment variables proved to be antecedent of job satisfaction.
Internal auditor enjoy the work environments, they have all amunities that they needs, well communicated climate, fair treatments, and procedures, rules that easy to understood. If goals and objectives were well communicated and understood, it help employees to focused and work towards the achievement of the set targets. A condusive work environment resulting in positive effect on employee job satisfaction.
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WORK ENVIRONTMENT ON ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT
The results showed the working environment significantly affect commitments. A good working environment is a working environment that can make employees feel comfortable and secure with their job and facilitate employees in completing their work. In a conducive work environment, employee will trust to the organizational values, believing that they can achieve the organization goals, and believe that they have taken the right decision to join the organization. Although internal auditors have role with high demands, such as the time in completing employment targets, the accuracy of the results of the examination (audit), etc. but due to working in a conducive work environment remains internal auditors have a high commitment to the organization. Internal auditors still holds the principles and values by not ignoring the code of ethics and professional responsibility, and loyal to the organization. The results of this study proved that the work environment is an antecedent of internal auditor organizational commitment
JOB SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)
Job satisfaction significantly affect organization behavior of internal auditor. One of the indicators of job satisfaction is a good relationship with co-workers; this relationship shows that there is awareness among co- workers as an example: helping another auditor who has difficulty in completing the work or duties. These things do not exist in the official rules of company, but because the employees are satisfied with the work environment and the work, employees will voluntarily help his co-workers. The behavior is included in the organizational citizenship behavior. In response to employee job satisfaction, the employee will exhibit OCB even have to give extra effort without compensation from the organization. In this study, the job satisfaction supposed to influence organizational citizenship behavior
ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)
Organization commitment significantly affect organization behavior of internal auditor. Commitment encourages employees to voluntarily engage in the organization and have an intention to be member of organization for long term. This can encourage the emergence of OCB behavior-organization oriented. With the commitment, employees being bound and loyal to the organization.
Internal auditor who has high level of organization commitment can easily accept the goals, organizational goals and values of the organization. Thus, will exhibit a strong OCB such as high employment initiative, concerned about a co-worker for the organization importance, and concerned with the organization interest as a manifestation of their commitment to the organization. Based on the result of this research it is prooved that internal auditor organizational commitment affect to organizational citizenship behavior.
CONCLUSION
A conducive working environment will have a positive impact on employees’ job satisfaction and employees’ organizational commitment. Employees will feel comfortable and confident with the organization safe with their job. If employees satisfied with their work, they want to support the goals, objectives and maintain their membership in the organization. The work environment is antecedent of job satisfaction and commitment variables. Job satisfaction and commitment have a positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior. Employees who are satisfied with the job and organization are tends to perform extra roles for the organization’s benefit. High organizational commitment encourages employees exhibit a strong OCB such as high labor initiative, concerned about a co-worker in the organization interests, and prioritize the organization concerned. Work environment, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment are important in developing the behavior of OCB.
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IMPLICATION
This study is basically about analyzing the organizational citizenship behavior of the internal auditor of private company in Indonesia and also examining the role of work environment, job satisfaction, and commitment in enhancing the organizational citizenship behavior. This study contributes in assessing the factors that increase the organizational commitment that ultimately boost the organizational citizenship behavior of internal auditor. Organization should enhance empowering internal auditor through specialized training, team building, revising compensations systems upwards, improving leadership climate and role clarity. There should be a regular evaluation of the organizational internal environment to monitor and evaluate the level of supervision, reward related issues, knowledge sharing, consultation, coping strategies, occupational attitudes, and physical climate. This is aimed at enhancing internal auditor psychological empowerment and performance. Competence based performance appraisals should be introduced and implemented expeditiously. Employees should be sensitized about their roles, key result areas, competences and expected performance output. For the organization, organization managements should provide necessary facilities, conducive work environment and take actions for employee welfare to improve job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It is believed that job satisfaction and organizational commitment results in organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), both encourages employees’ voluntary involvement with the organization, and create personal goals that are in consonance with organizational goals.
The impact of OCB is that the organization will gain a loyal and an oriented employees, so their work will increase organizational performance and competitive advantage also keep the going concern of the organization
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