The document provides an overview of the geography, climate, soil, vegetation, religions, festivals, culture, occupations, clothing, languages, temples, and cuisine of Kerala, India. Some key points include: - Kerala has a diverse landscape ranging from mountains to valleys and receives heavy rainfall from both southwest and northeast monsoons. - The major religions practiced are Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity. Festivals such as Onam and Easter are celebrated. - Arts including Kathakali dance drama, Mohiniattam dance, and music like Carnatic are part of Kerala's rich cultural traditions. - The state is known for its literacy rate and education level. Agriculture, fishing, and tourism are important

1. KERELA
GOD’S OWN COUNTRY
ASHI KAPOOR
2ND YEAR 1ST SEM

2. CONTENTS
 GEOGRAPHY
 CLIMATE
 SOIL AND
VEGETATION
 RELIGION
 FESTIVALS
 CULTURE
 OCCUPATION
 CLOTHING
 LANGUAGES
 TEMPLES OF
KERALA
 CUISINE

3. GEOGRAPHY
• The Kerala State lies along the south-west
corner of Peninsular India.
• The boundaries of the State are the
Lakshadweep sea in the west, Tamil Nadu in
the south and east and Karnataka in the
north.
• The State has an area of 38,863 km2 and is
administratively divided into 14 districts.
The State has a complex topography with
mountains, valleys, ridges and scarps.

4. CLIMATE
 The State receives both south-west and north-east monsoons.
 The mean annual rainfall is 2693 mm.
 The mean annual temperature varies from 25.40C to 310C in the central parts of Kerala.
 March-May are summer months and the temperature raises to 400C in the central plains.

5. SOIL AND VEGETATION
 Kerala has diverse types of
soil such as Coastal
alluvium, riverine
alluvium, laterite, red,
black, and forest soil.
 The natural vegetation of
Kerala comprises 3,872
flowering plants including
900 plants of great
medicinal value.
 The Western Ghats
represent one of the
World's 18 hot spots of bio-
diversity. Kerala has a total
recorded forest cover of
9400sq.km .
 Forests of Kerala are
broadly classified into 6
major categories. They
are:
 1..Tropical Wet
Evergreen and Semi
Evergreen 3299
 2.Tropical Moist
Deciduous 4100
 3.Tropical Dry
Deciduous Forests
100
 4.Montane Sub-tropical
Temperate sholas
70
 5.Plantations
1809.424
 6.Grass Lands
21.576

6. RELIGION
 Hinduism
(54.74%)
 Islam (26.56%)
 Christianity
(18.38%)
 Other or none
(Buddhism,Jainism,
Judaism) (0.32%)

7. FESTIVALS
 KARTHIGAI
 ONAM
 MAHASHIVRATRI
 THIRUNELLI FESTIVAL
 ASTHAMI ROHINI
 EASTER
 CHRISTMAS
 BAKRA ID

8. CULTURE
 FOUR CULTURAL AREAS[TRAVANCORE]:
 COCHIN
 CENTRAL KERALA
 SOUTH MALABAR
 NORTH MALABAR
 The culture of Kerala is a synthesis of Aryan and
Dravidian cultures, developed and mixed for centuries,
under influences from other parts of India and abroad It
is defined by its antiquity and the organic continuity
sustained by the Malayali people.

9. CULTURE
 PERFORMING ARTS
 KERALA MURAL PAINTINGS- Fresco-Secco &Murals
 MUSIC
 MARTIAL ARTS
 LITERATURE
 FOLKLORE
 POLITICS
 KERALA MODERN SOCIETY
 ELEPHANTS IN MODERN CULTURE

10. PERFORMING ARTS
 Thirayattam
 Kathakali
 Thullal-Ottan thullal, an art form in Kerala state-India Kolam
Thullal, a ritual dance in south Kerala-Sarpam Thullal (Dance
of Snakes), a ritual dance in Kerala
 Mohiniyattam
 Kalaripayattu[martial art form]
 Chakyar koothu
 Nangiar kothu
 Theyam [kaliyattam]
 Panchavadyam

11. MUSIC
 Chenda melam
 Panchari melam
 Panchavadyam
 Carnatic Music
 Native music system, sopanam, which is a lugubrious and step-by-step
rendition of raga-based songs.
 Background music used in Kathakali, also includes melam (including the
paandi and panchari variants), as style of percussive music performed at
temple- centered festivals using an instrument known as the chenda.
 Panchavadyam is a differing type of percussion ensemble consisting of five
types of percussion instruments.

12. MARTIAL ARTS AND SPORTS
 Kerala also has its own
indigenous form of martial art —
Kalarippayattu, derived from the
words kalari ("place", "threshing
floor", or "battlefield") and
payattu ("exercise" or
"practice").
 In modern times more popular
sports such as cricket, kabaddi,
soccer, badminton, and others.

13. LITERATURE (Malyalam)
 Malayalam literature is ancient in origin,
and includes such figures as the 14th
century Niranam poets (Madhava
Panikkar, Sankara Panikkar and Rama
Panikkar), whose works mark the dawn
of both modern Malayalam language and
indigenous Keralite poetry.

14. FOLKLORE
 The folklore of Kerala includes elements
from the traditional lifestyle of the people of
Kerala. The traditional beliefs, customs ,
rituals etc. are reflected in the folkart and
songs of Kerala.
 Folklore could be defined as the lore of the
common people who had been marginalized
during the reign of feudal Kings.
 RITUALISTIC- DEVOTIONAL&MAGICAL
 NON RITUALISTIC

15. POLITICS
 The people of Kerala are very fond of
politics
 Religious leaders have high influence in
Kerala political movements. For many
Keralites it's nostalgic to remember the
political discussions and debates they had
done in the 'chaya kada' in their younger
ages.

16. KERALA MODERN SOCIETY
 highest literacy rate and education level in the country
 the Kerala society has moved from its agricultural background.
 Although Kerala remains fairly liberal in its outlook and open to
modern ideas , and technological changes, the State largely
remains conservative on social issues.

17. ELEPHANTS IN KERALA CULTURE
 The Elephants of Kerala are an integral part of
the daily life in Kerala.
 These Indian elephants are given a
prestigious place in the state's culture. They
are often christened names by which they're
known across the entire state.
 often referred to as the 'sons of the sahya'

18. OCCUPATION
 AGRICULTURE
 FISHING
 HUMAN POTENTIAL
EXPORTS
 TOURISM

19. CLOTHING
 SYNONOMOUS WITH
SIMPLICITY-WHITE&OFF
WHITE, Kanchipuram Silk
and Benares Silk sarees are
highly preferred.
 The most traditional costume
for the men of Kerala is the
“Mundu” which is white in
colour.
 .
 Women following Hinduism wear
a blouse and mundu known as
“Mundu neriyathu”. Women
following Christianity wear a
blouse known as “chatta” and a
mundu that folds nicely like a fan
at the back.
 Women following Islam wear a
long purdah in deep blue or black
shades over their dress, mostly in
the central and northern parts of
Kerala

20. LANGUAGES
 PRINCIPLE LANGUAGE-MALYALAM Dravidian
group of languages.
 90% people of Kerala speak Malayalam.
 There are 5 main regional dialects of Malayalam.
 Other common languages are English and Tamil.
These Kerala languages are often interspersed with
words from Sanskrit, Latin, Urdu, etc. due to foreign
influence.

21. TEMPLES OF KERALA
 Kerala has a large number of temples.
 The temples celebrate annual festivals
which are not only unique to the region
but sometimes have features that are
unique to each temple.
 Each temple describes each interesting
history behind its creation. In the Malabar,
distinct art form called Theyyam attract
tourists, and
 mini carnivals are also held along with
temple festivals.

22. KERALA CUISINE
 One of Kerala's popular attractions is its
delicious Kerala cuisine. The unusual cuisine
of Kerala brings to the fore the culinary
expertise of the people of Kerala. Producing
some of the tastiest foods on earth.

23. LUNCH DISHES
Sadya
Mean(fish) curry
Sadya
 Sadya is the traditional vegetarian feast of Kerala. Usually
served as lunch, it consists of par boiled pink rice, side
dishes, savories, pickles and desserts spread out on a
plantain leaf. Tradition insists that the tapering end of the
leaf points to the left of the seated guest.

24. BREAKFAST DISHES
Idiappam &
kurma
Puttu &
kadala(Chickpeas
) curry
Appam &
Kurma
Idli with
chutney

25. CUISINE
 Some of the other important side dishes include Thoran and Olan.
 Desserts are served mid-way through the meal.
 Payyasam is a thick fluid dish of sweet brown molasses, coconut
milk and spices, garnished with cashew nuts and raisins. Olan
Thoran

26. Thank you