1) Methane injection into an aquifer over 72 days caused shifts in the indigenous microbial communities, stimulating the growth of methanotrophs up to 64% relative abundance.
2) Methane oxidation decreased with depth due to oxygen limitation, and anaerobic methanotrophs were undetected.
3) Low microbial cell numbers and persistent methane even after 8 months suggested methane oxidation was relatively ineffective in the aquifer, with methane plumes persisting over 245 days.
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Soil of Phaltan Tahsil In Satara District From M...inventionjournals
Soil is natural body of mineral and organic material. It serves as more reliable index for productivity. In the present study, ten samples are collected from different places of Phaltan Tahasil and physico-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductance, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium were analyzed in the month of January 2017. pH indicates that almost all the sample soil are alkaline. The concentration of organic carbon and nitrogen are below the moderate limit. While concentration of phosphorous and potassium is found to be moderate and greater than moderate limit.
Groundwater quality of south India is depending on climate condition and bedrock geology but may also be impacted by pollution, particularly from industrial sources and agricultural activity. In the current study, 15 groundwater samples were collected from different locations in the Kinathukkadavu Taluk, Coimbatore to assess water quality for drinking as well as for irrigation purpose by analyzing the major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and F-) besides some physical and chemical parameters (pH, total hardness, electrical conductivity and total alkalinity). Statistical analysis like correlation, R- mode factor and cluster analysis were performed for demarcate the association of hydro geochemical parameters. Also groundwater quality mapping was developed using geographic information system.
NYC DEP update on Ribbed Mussel potential for treating pathogens in water bodiesecowatchers
John Mcloughlin managing director of NYC DEP office of Ecosystem services and Green infrastructure research gives updates on the research they have done on using natural features such as ribbed mussels to remove pathogens from water bodies
ABSTRACT- A study was carried out to assess the pollution load in river Yamuna at Mathura (U.P.) and its impact on
population size of some aquatic microbes. The key indicators of sewage waste load were Coliform count (MPN), BOD,
sulphates, chloride and ammonia. The susceptible microbes that were analysed included Ulothrix, Paramecium spp.
Difflugia sp. and species of Cyclops. The study revealed that the river is very badly polluted especially with sewage,
garbage and effluents from city and local industries. The population of Coliform bacteria and Ulothrix (algal organisms)
was found very high in those areas, where organic pollutants were very high in amount. But other organisms like,
Paramecium spp. Difflugia spp. and Cyclops exhibited a severe decline in population count, indicating heavy pollution
load, especially during summer months.
Key-words- Pollutants, BOD, Coliform bacteria, Sewage waste
Impact of Iron and Steel Industry on Ground Water Quality of Tungabhadra Rive...IJARIIT
Bellary district has 25 % of India's Iron ore reserves and is well known for its rich iron and manganese ore
reserves. Iron ore deposits in Bellary district are widespread and have been a backbone to industrial development in the region.
The environmental impact of large scale mining activities includes soil erosion, formation of sinkholes, loss of biodiversity,
and contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water by chemicals from mining processes.In this paper, efforts have been
made to assess the quality of Tunga - Bhadra river water extensive survey and laboratory analysis which would give the
information about ‘Impacts on reservoir water quality’ due to the Iron and steel industry. Also an attempt has made for
controlling the groundwater pollution, which would serve as a basis to evolve suitable management strategy for the District.
Therefore there is a significant changes in values of different parameters of ground water sources indicate the influence of
industrial wastes on ground water.
Evaluation of physico chemical parameters and microbiological populations o...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Microbial metabolisms in a 2.5-km-deep ecosystem created by hydraulic fractur...Marcellus Drilling News
A paper published in the journal Nature Microbiology. Ohio State University researchers have discovered what they believe to be a new bacterial life form that was caused by and lives in fracked shale wells, which they have dubbed "Frackibacter."
Bacterial Numbers, Biomass and Productivity within the KwaZulu-Natal Bight: A...MACE Lab
Travis Kunnen, Ursula Scharler, David Muir. Presented at the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) 2015.
Travis Kunnen, Ursula Scharler, David Muir. Presented at the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) 2015.
Artifi cial wetlands are useful for wastewater treatment; however, relatively little is known of the effects of sewage on artifi cial wetland microbial community structure. Therefore, we assessed the effect of municipal sewage on microbial community diversity in surface water throughout an artifi cial wetland (Xiantao artifi cial wetland) treating municipal sewage. We analyzed the relationship between physicochemical parameters of surface water (i.e., Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), and
NH4+-N) with microbial community structure (Illumina MiSeq sequencing followed by abundance indices). The results showed that the total microbial community in surface water was signifi cantly correlated with COD, TN, TP, and NH4
+-N (r = 0.764, 0.897, 0.883, 0.839, P < 0.05). In addition, the most abundant taxa were significantly correlated with COD (r = 0.803, P < 0.05). The relative abundance of rare operational taxonomic units in the more purifi ed water farther downstream was higher than in the polluted area, suggesting that rare groups were more sensitive to physicochemical parameters than abundant groups, and that the abundance of some bacteria could indirectly indicate the degree of aquatic pollution. Our results indicate that the responses of microorganisms in artificial wetlands to environmental conditions should be considered to ensure efficient treatment.
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Soil of Phaltan Tahsil In Satara District From M...inventionjournals
Soil is natural body of mineral and organic material. It serves as more reliable index for productivity. In the present study, ten samples are collected from different places of Phaltan Tahasil and physico-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductance, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium were analyzed in the month of January 2017. pH indicates that almost all the sample soil are alkaline. The concentration of organic carbon and nitrogen are below the moderate limit. While concentration of phosphorous and potassium is found to be moderate and greater than moderate limit.
Groundwater quality of south India is depending on climate condition and bedrock geology but may also be impacted by pollution, particularly from industrial sources and agricultural activity. In the current study, 15 groundwater samples were collected from different locations in the Kinathukkadavu Taluk, Coimbatore to assess water quality for drinking as well as for irrigation purpose by analyzing the major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and F-) besides some physical and chemical parameters (pH, total hardness, electrical conductivity and total alkalinity). Statistical analysis like correlation, R- mode factor and cluster analysis were performed for demarcate the association of hydro geochemical parameters. Also groundwater quality mapping was developed using geographic information system.
NYC DEP update on Ribbed Mussel potential for treating pathogens in water bodiesecowatchers
John Mcloughlin managing director of NYC DEP office of Ecosystem services and Green infrastructure research gives updates on the research they have done on using natural features such as ribbed mussels to remove pathogens from water bodies
ABSTRACT- A study was carried out to assess the pollution load in river Yamuna at Mathura (U.P.) and its impact on
population size of some aquatic microbes. The key indicators of sewage waste load were Coliform count (MPN), BOD,
sulphates, chloride and ammonia. The susceptible microbes that were analysed included Ulothrix, Paramecium spp.
Difflugia sp. and species of Cyclops. The study revealed that the river is very badly polluted especially with sewage,
garbage and effluents from city and local industries. The population of Coliform bacteria and Ulothrix (algal organisms)
was found very high in those areas, where organic pollutants were very high in amount. But other organisms like,
Paramecium spp. Difflugia spp. and Cyclops exhibited a severe decline in population count, indicating heavy pollution
load, especially during summer months.
Key-words- Pollutants, BOD, Coliform bacteria, Sewage waste
Impact of Iron and Steel Industry on Ground Water Quality of Tungabhadra Rive...IJARIIT
Bellary district has 25 % of India's Iron ore reserves and is well known for its rich iron and manganese ore
reserves. Iron ore deposits in Bellary district are widespread and have been a backbone to industrial development in the region.
The environmental impact of large scale mining activities includes soil erosion, formation of sinkholes, loss of biodiversity,
and contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water by chemicals from mining processes.In this paper, efforts have been
made to assess the quality of Tunga - Bhadra river water extensive survey and laboratory analysis which would give the
information about ‘Impacts on reservoir water quality’ due to the Iron and steel industry. Also an attempt has made for
controlling the groundwater pollution, which would serve as a basis to evolve suitable management strategy for the District.
Therefore there is a significant changes in values of different parameters of ground water sources indicate the influence of
industrial wastes on ground water.
Evaluation of physico chemical parameters and microbiological populations o...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Microbial metabolisms in a 2.5-km-deep ecosystem created by hydraulic fractur...Marcellus Drilling News
A paper published in the journal Nature Microbiology. Ohio State University researchers have discovered what they believe to be a new bacterial life form that was caused by and lives in fracked shale wells, which they have dubbed "Frackibacter."
Bacterial Numbers, Biomass and Productivity within the KwaZulu-Natal Bight: A...MACE Lab
Travis Kunnen, Ursula Scharler, David Muir. Presented at the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) 2015.
Travis Kunnen, Ursula Scharler, David Muir. Presented at the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) 2015.
Artifi cial wetlands are useful for wastewater treatment; however, relatively little is known of the effects of sewage on artifi cial wetland microbial community structure. Therefore, we assessed the effect of municipal sewage on microbial community diversity in surface water throughout an artifi cial wetland (Xiantao artifi cial wetland) treating municipal sewage. We analyzed the relationship between physicochemical parameters of surface water (i.e., Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), and
NH4+-N) with microbial community structure (Illumina MiSeq sequencing followed by abundance indices). The results showed that the total microbial community in surface water was signifi cantly correlated with COD, TN, TP, and NH4
+-N (r = 0.764, 0.897, 0.883, 0.839, P < 0.05). In addition, the most abundant taxa were significantly correlated with COD (r = 0.803, P < 0.05). The relative abundance of rare operational taxonomic units in the more purifi ed water farther downstream was higher than in the polluted area, suggesting that rare groups were more sensitive to physicochemical parameters than abundant groups, and that the abundance of some bacteria could indirectly indicate the degree of aquatic pollution. Our results indicate that the responses of microorganisms in artificial wetlands to environmental conditions should be considered to ensure efficient treatment.
Determination of Bacteriological and Physiochemical Properties of Som-Breiro ...RSIS International
The study seeks to examine the Bacteriological and
physiochemical properties of Sambrero River in Ahoada East
Local Government Area of Rivers State. Three (3) points were
sampled from different locations designated as location (L1)
location (L2) and location (L3) respectively, samples were
collected in 0.1m of Sterile containers and were transported to
the laboratory for immediate analysis. Ten (10) physiochemical,
three (3) heavy metal sand three microbiological parameters
were observed. Data was analyzed using standard methods
(ALPHA, 1998) 20th edition and Ms-Excel version 2013 software.
The result showed little variation in physiochemical parameters
which are in line with World Health Organization (WHO)
standard of potable water but shows much variation in
microbiological parameters which are not in line with WHO
standard, thereby making the water not wholesome and not
potable for consumption except after proper treatment of the
water. The work therefore recommends that members of Ekpena
Community should ensure basic water treatment such as boiling
and chlorination before consumption.
QUESTION 1Which ecological niche described below possesses the gre.pdfeyevisioncare1
QUESTION 1
Which ecological niche described below possesses the greatest number of prokaryotic cells
(select one)?
A.
Oceanic and Terrestrial sub-surfaces
B.
In or on non-prokaryotic organisms (humans, animals and plants)
C.
Dry land
D.
Lakes, rivers and oceans
E.
Earth stratosphere
1 points Saved
QUESTION 2
Which organism was primarily responsible for oxygenation of the earth approximately 2 billion
years ago (select one)?
A.
cyanobacteria
B.
Wooly mammoths
C.
Green sulfur bacteria
D.
Thermophilic archaea
E.
algae
1 points Saved
QUESTION 3
The earliest microorganisms were likely restricted to deep ocean and sub-surface ecological
niches until which of the following (select one)?
A.
Ozone layer developed
B.
Aquatic life carried them to land
C.
Phototrophy evolved
D.
Chemolithotrophy developed
E.
The development of chemoorganotrophy
1 points Saved
QUESTION 4
Two tubes are inoculated from one test tube of a bacterial culture. The cultures are then
transferred every day for 2 months. All of the media and growth conditions are the same in every
tube. After 2 months of cultivation, the fitness and genotype frequencies of the populations in the
two tubes are compared. The fitness of the two cultures is the same, but the genotype frequencies
are very different in the two cultures. How is this possible?
A.
This result is not possible because different genotype frequencies would result in different
fitness levels under the same growth conditions.
B.
Genetic drift within the small populations in the test tubes resulted in different genotype
frequencies.
C.
It is highly unlikely that any bacterial culture could be maintained for 2 months
D.
Natural selection caused the evolution of different genotype frequencies within the separate test
tubes.
E.
Two months is not long enough for different fitness levels to evolve even if the genotype
frequencies change.
1 points Saved
QUESTION 5
If you allowed 20 identical parallel Listeria cultures to evolve for 20,000 generations under new
growth conditions with very little nitrogen, the parallel cultures would do which of the following
(select one)?
A.
Direct mutations to occur in nitrogen utilization and uptake genes in order to adapt rapidly to the
culture conditions
B.
Each parallel culture would accumulate different random mutations resulting in different
adaptations to use the nitrogen in the media.
C.
Evolve identical adaptations to use the nitrogen source provided in the media
D.
Not change or adapt significantly over this small number of generations
E.
Each culture would evolve to use arsenic in place of nitrogen
1 points Save Answer
QUESTION 6
Which of the following statements are correct about the early formation of life on earth (select all
that apply)?
A.
Lateral gene transfer is one plausible explanation as to why organisms in Archaea, Bacteria, and
Eukarya still share so many genes among such distinct domains.
B.
The domains of life arose as barriers between gene exchange evolved between organisms
C.
W.
Project SABRE (Source Area BioRemediation) – an Overviewian_farrar
Project SABRE was a five-year collaborative project undertaken by a
multidisciplinary team from the UK, USA, and Canada, supported
through the DTI Bioremediation LINK programme. Its objectives were to
demonstrate that in situ enhanced anaerobic bioremediation can result
in effective treatment of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous phase
liquid (DNAPL) source areas and to improve related site investigation
tools and process understanding. An important feature of the SABRE
programme was the field application of DNAPL partitioning electron
donor to the source zone to provide a source of electron donor at the
DNAPL:water interface. The SABRE project is one of the most detailed
demonstrations of its kind, and the first scientifically robust development
of in situ bioremediation of a chlorinated solvent source zone in the UK.
An overview of the SABRE project - an integrated laboratory and field investigation with process modelling and performance assessment of DNAPL source zone bioremediation.
TIE microplastics immersed in Muskegon Lake, Michiganjeanniekane
Toxicity analysis of three different types of microplastics - polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene - immersed in the benthic and pelagic regions of Muskegon Lake, Michigan
Effect of air pollution on biodiversity of coastal lichens
Kay_Isme2016_poster
1. Figure 2. Left: Microbial cell counts from day -1 (pre CH4 injection) to day 253. The stable
or increasing cell numbers at 2 m and 4 m depth was indicative of an active
methanotrophic population. Combined effects of CH4 concentration (Figure 3) and
anoxic conditions possibly contributed to the sharp decline in cell numbers at 6 m. No
visible change was observed at 8 m depth.
Middle: Green enhanced fluorescent image from 2 m depth of various cell morphologies at
day -1.
Right: Day 253 sample image showing dominance of large coccoid cells. The morphology
and cell diameter is consistent with Methylococcaceae and support their relative
abundance in Figure 1 as a direct result of CH4 release.Figure 3. Contour plot by depth at 113 days and
245 days showing CH4 migration and
persistence in the aquifer. Dashed line; CH4
injection horizon, Blue arrow; groundwater flow
direction, Diamond in green box; monitoring
well for this study.
Figure1. Left: Domain level taxonomic distribution. The relative sequence abundance of
methane oxidizers (red), other Bacteria (blue) and Archaea (green) are displayed per depth.
Right: Relative sequence abundance of bacterial taxa in the monitoring well. CH4 was
injected from day 0 to day 72 (dashed line). Methylococcaceae are shown in red,
Methylophilaceae in orange, sulfate reducers in yellow. Other taxa possibly involved in the
cycling of sulfur and iron are shown in blue and brown, respectively.
Methane injection strongly and persistently disturbed indigenous microbial communities with
no sign of recovery after 254 days.
Microbial community response to
fugitive methane in groundwater
Olukayode Kuloyo1
* (olukayode.kuloyo@ucalgary.ca)
Collaborators: Emil Ruff1
, Bernhard Mayer1
, Aaron Cahill2
, Beth Parker2
, Colby Steelman2
, John Cherry2
, Ulrich
Mayer3
, Olenka Forde3
, Cathryn Ryan1
, Bethany Ladd1
, Sara Cho1
, and Marc Strous1
1
Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Canada
2
G360 Centre for Applied Groundwater Research, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
3
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, University of British Colombia, British Colombia, Canada
Abstract
The expansion of unconventional natural gas extraction (e.g. from shale) has raised concerns over potential impacts of fugitive methane migration
on shallow groundwater. To provide direct insight into the effect of methane (CH4) and the microbial processes involved in CH4 removal from
contaminated aquifers, we performed metagenomic and microbiological analyses of groundwater from multi-level depths during a controlled
methane-release experiment at a research aquifer in Borden, Ontario.
Methane (51,350 liters) was injected at 4.5 m
and 9 m depth into the aquifer over a 72-day
period
Groundwater from multi-level monitoring wells
was sampled for geochemical and molecular
analyses over 254 days
Samples were serial-filtered through 0.22 mμ
and 0.1 m membrane filters for DNAμ
extraction
The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was
amplified and sequenced using Illumina Miseq
platform
Microbial cells were visualized and enumerated
using DAPI stain under a fluorescent
microscope
Materials and Methods
Microbial community profile of groundwater monitoring well site
2 m
4 m
6 m
8 m
Depth
(m)
113 Days 245 Days
Horizontal Distance (m)
CH4
(mg/l)
CH4 release caused microbial community shift
and strongly stimulated the growth of
methanotrophs (up to 64% relative abundance)
Methane oxidation decreased with depth due
to oxygen-limitation. Anaerobic methanotrophs
were undetected.
Low microbial cell numbers and persistent CH4
after 8 months suggested that methane
oxidation was relatively ineffective in the
aquifer.
Metagenomic analyses are an important and
complementary tool to geochemical and
isotopic techniques for assessing the fate of
CH4 in contaminated shallow groundwater.
Key Findings
Microbial cell numbers
Methane Plume Persistence
Day -1 Day 253