Visual Basic is a programming tool created by Microsoft to build graphical user interface (GUI) applications in a user-friendly environment. It supports key programming concepts like flowcharts, algorithms, variables, loops, and operators. Flowcharts provide a graphical representation of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem. Algorithms are sets of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem. Variables act as containers to store and memory values. Loops allow actions to be performed repeatedly until a condition is met. Operators include arithmetic, relational, and logical operators to perform math operations and make comparisons.