Warna seragam Pramuka adalah coklat muda dan coklat tua. Warna tersebut dipilih karena merupakan salah satu warna yang digunakan para pejuang indonesia .ketika masa perang kemerdekaan. Pada zaman perjuangan kemerdekaan dahulu ,yaitu tahun 1945-1949,para pejuang indonesia menggunakan pakaian berwarna coklat ,hijau dan wulung.Dan dari ketiga warna tersebut,yang paling serasi dengan warna bendera negara kita adalah warna coklat.
Selain itu,penggunaan seragam coklat ini kemudian diselaraskan juga dengan setangan dan pita leher pramuka yaitu berwarna merah putih,sesuai dengan keputusan Kwarnas No.226 th.2007
2011 203 Akreditasi Gugusdepan dan Litbang Data Dasar Gerakan Pramukaastozone
Pedoman akreditasi gugus depan bertujuan untuk menjamin dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan kepramukaan di setiap gugus depan. Akreditasi dilakukan untuk menilai sistem penjaminan mutu internal gugus depan dan membuktikan bahwa gugus depan telah melaksanakan program pendidikan dengan baik. Akreditasi diharapkan dapat membantu gugus depan meningkatkan mutu secara berkelanjutan sebagai ujung tombak pendidikan kepram
Dokumen tersebut berisi petunjuk penyelenggaraan kecakapan khusus di Gerakan Pramuka, mencakup definisi, tujuan, jenis, syarat, dan cara pengujian kecakapan khusus serta gambar-gambar tanda kecakapan khusus.
Gerakan Kepanduan dunia dimulai pada tahun 1907 ketika Lord Robert Baden Powell mengadakan perkemahan pertama di Pulau Brownsea, Inggris. Sejak saat itu, gerakan kepanduan terus berkembang dan menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Organisasi Kepanduan Sedunia didirikan pada tahun 1920 untuk menaungi gerakan kepanduan global. Di Indonesia, gerakan kepanduan dikenal dengan nama Gerakan Pramuka yang berdiri sejak tahun 1922 dan
Dokumen tersebut membahas berbagai jenis pertemuan dan kegiatan untuk Pramuka Penegak dan Pandega, seperti Raimuna, Gladian Pimpinan Satuan, berbagai jenis perkemahan, pengembaraan, latihan kepemimpinan dan pengelolaan dewan kerja. Juga dibahas tentang tingkatan Penegak serta syarat dan tanda kecakapan khusus untuk mencapai tingkatan Pramuka Garuda.
Program kegiatan pendidikan kepramukaan di Gugus Depan SMP N 10 Semarang meliputi pelatihan peserta didik untuk mencapai SKU dan SKK, kegiatan pembinaan orang dewasa, serta pelaksanaan berbagai kegiatan seperti latihan, perkemahan, bakti sosial, dan lomba. Pelaksanaannya telah mencapai target yang direncanakan seperti peningkatan keterampilan peserta didik dan pendidikan lanjutan bagi pembina.
Warna seragam Pramuka adalah coklat muda dan coklat tua. Warna tersebut dipilih karena merupakan salah satu warna yang digunakan para pejuang indonesia .ketika masa perang kemerdekaan. Pada zaman perjuangan kemerdekaan dahulu ,yaitu tahun 1945-1949,para pejuang indonesia menggunakan pakaian berwarna coklat ,hijau dan wulung.Dan dari ketiga warna tersebut,yang paling serasi dengan warna bendera negara kita adalah warna coklat.
Selain itu,penggunaan seragam coklat ini kemudian diselaraskan juga dengan setangan dan pita leher pramuka yaitu berwarna merah putih,sesuai dengan keputusan Kwarnas No.226 th.2007
2011 203 Akreditasi Gugusdepan dan Litbang Data Dasar Gerakan Pramukaastozone
Pedoman akreditasi gugus depan bertujuan untuk menjamin dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan kepramukaan di setiap gugus depan. Akreditasi dilakukan untuk menilai sistem penjaminan mutu internal gugus depan dan membuktikan bahwa gugus depan telah melaksanakan program pendidikan dengan baik. Akreditasi diharapkan dapat membantu gugus depan meningkatkan mutu secara berkelanjutan sebagai ujung tombak pendidikan kepram
Dokumen tersebut berisi petunjuk penyelenggaraan kecakapan khusus di Gerakan Pramuka, mencakup definisi, tujuan, jenis, syarat, dan cara pengujian kecakapan khusus serta gambar-gambar tanda kecakapan khusus.
Gerakan Kepanduan dunia dimulai pada tahun 1907 ketika Lord Robert Baden Powell mengadakan perkemahan pertama di Pulau Brownsea, Inggris. Sejak saat itu, gerakan kepanduan terus berkembang dan menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Organisasi Kepanduan Sedunia didirikan pada tahun 1920 untuk menaungi gerakan kepanduan global. Di Indonesia, gerakan kepanduan dikenal dengan nama Gerakan Pramuka yang berdiri sejak tahun 1922 dan
Dokumen tersebut membahas berbagai jenis pertemuan dan kegiatan untuk Pramuka Penegak dan Pandega, seperti Raimuna, Gladian Pimpinan Satuan, berbagai jenis perkemahan, pengembaraan, latihan kepemimpinan dan pengelolaan dewan kerja. Juga dibahas tentang tingkatan Penegak serta syarat dan tanda kecakapan khusus untuk mencapai tingkatan Pramuka Garuda.
Program kegiatan pendidikan kepramukaan di Gugus Depan SMP N 10 Semarang meliputi pelatihan peserta didik untuk mencapai SKU dan SKK, kegiatan pembinaan orang dewasa, serta pelaksanaan berbagai kegiatan seperti latihan, perkemahan, bakti sosial, dan lomba. Pelaksanaannya telah mencapai target yang direncanakan seperti peningkatan keterampilan peserta didik dan pendidikan lanjutan bagi pembina.
The document discusses various physiological changes that occur in the maternal body during pregnancy. It covers changes in the respiratory, cardiovascular and circulatory systems. Respiration rate increases leading to higher minute ventilation to support gas exchange. Cardiac output increases significantly due to rises in both heart rate and stroke volume. Blood volume expands substantially to support increased organ perfusion and uterine blood flow.
This document presents 5 case studies of common gynecological problems:
1. A pregnant woman at 7 weeks with severe vomiting was found to have hyperthyroidism and twins. She was treated and her pregnancy continued.
2. A woman with recurrent vaginal infections was prescribed long-term antifungal medication.
3. A woman with chronic pelvic pain was found to have adenomyosis after diagnostic tests and surgery.
4. A woman with heavy periods and fibroids underwent a myomectomy and later became pregnant.
5. A postmenopausal woman was found to have endometrial cancer after continued bleeding and tests, and was treated with surgery and radiation.
This document discusses surgical jaundice, including:
1. It defines jaundice and surgical jaundice, and classifies jaundice into pre-hepatic, hepatic, and post-hepatic types.
2. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the biliary tract and bilirubin metabolism.
3. Common causes of obstructive jaundice include gallstones, cancer, strictures, and inflammation. A thorough history and physical exam can help identify the cause.
4. Investigations include blood tests, imaging like ultrasound and MRCP, and procedures like ERCP. The goal is to determine the specific cause and level of obstruction.
5. Treatment depends on the
This document discusses the anatomy, physiology, diagnostic studies, diseases, and surgical procedures related to the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary system. Key points include:
- The gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac located in the liver that stores and concentrates bile. Bile is produced by the liver and aids in fat digestion.
- Gallstones are a common problem, forming when bile becomes supersaturated, and can cause conditions like cholecystitis. Surgical interventions include cholecystectomy.
- Other issues discussed include bile duct injuries, tumors, and abnormalities like sclerosing cholangitis. A variety of imaging studies and endoscopic procedures are used for diagnosis and treatment.
The document discusses a case study of a 24-year-old female patient named Kalpana Pandit who was admitted to the hospital for cholelithiasis (gallstones). It provides details of her medical history, symptoms, physical examination findings, diagnosis, and treatment plan. The causes and risk factors for cholelithiasis are also briefly explained.
The document discusses the pathogenesis of gallstones. It begins by describing the anatomy of the liver and its role in bile synthesis. Bile is composed of cholesterol, bile acids, phospholipids, and bilirubin. Cholesterol in bile can precipitate to form gallstones under certain conditions. Gallstones are usually either cholesterol stones or pigment stones, with different risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms for each. Gallstones may be asymptomatic but can also lead to complications if they block bile ducts or the pancreas.
This document discusses common gynecological medical problems including dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, menopause, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, and premenstrual syndrome. It provides information on symptoms, causes, diagnostic approaches and treatment options for these conditions. Key topics covered include primary and secondary dysmenorrhea, causes of amenorrhea, menopause symptoms and diagnosis, abnormal uterine bleeding etiology, and evaluation and management of postmenopausal bleeding.
The document summarizes yoga practices for biliary tract disease. It discusses the anatomy and functions of the biliary system and defines biliary tract disease as the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. It describes the prevalence, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and allopathic medical treatment of choledocholithiasis. It then discusses specific yoga practices like relaxation, pranayama, and meditation that may help reduce stress, pain, and the need for medication in patients with biliary tract conditions when used as a supplement to proper medical care.
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, embryology, histology, imaging, and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It describes the components of the extrahepatic biliary system including the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. It discusses the formation of the gallbladder during embryological development and provides details on the structure and blood supply of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It also summarizes the function of bile in digestion and the neurohormonal regulation of bile secretion and gallbladder contraction.
Bile is produced by the liver and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released to aid digestion. The biliary tree consists of intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts that drain bile from the liver to the gallbladder and duodenum. Developmental variations in branching patterns can occur and need to be recognized to avoid complications during surgery or imaging studies. Biliary disorders in children may be developmental, such as biliary atresia or choledochal cysts, or acquired, like inspissated bile plug syndrome. Gallbladder diseases include cholecystitis, porcelain gallbladder, and adenomyomatosis.
This document discusses obstructive jaundice, providing definitions, pathophysiology, effects on various body systems, etiology, history and examination findings, laboratory investigations, imaging modalities, and causes of biliary obstruction. It defines obstructive jaundice as a failure of bile to reach the intestine due to mechanical obstruction. Pathophysiological changes include bile duct dilation, hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Causes include gallstones, strictures, tumors, and congenital anomalies. A thorough history, physical exam, and lab tests can localize the level and cause of obstruction, while imaging modalities like ultrasound and MRCP can identify and characterize obstructive lesions.
Obstructive jaundice is caused by obstruction of the bile ducts, preventing bile from reaching the duodenum. This document discusses the various causes of obstructive jaundice, including gallstones, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing elevated bilirubin and imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, MRCP and ERCP to identify the level and cause of obstruction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include ERCP for gallstone removal, surgery like the Whipple procedure for pancreatic cancer, or stenting of inoperable tumors.
The document provides an overview of obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) including:
1. OB/GYN deals with surgical care of the female reproductive system, including care for pregnant and non-pregnant patients.
2. There are several OB/GYN subspecialties focused on areas like high-risk pregnancies, infertility, cancers, and pelvic issues.
3. OB/GYN care is organized through ambulatory practices, maternity houses, gynecology departments, and various levels of hospitals.
This document provides information on examining a pregnant patient and summarizing the stages of labor. It begins with guidelines for conducting the abdominal examination, including obtaining consent and maintaining privacy. It then describes assessing the abdomen through inspection, palpation, and auscultation to determine fetal position, presentation, and other details. Finally, it divides labor into three stages - the first stage from onset to full dilation, the second from full dilation to delivery, and the third being delivery of the placenta. Key points on assessing cervical dilation and the definition and typical durations of each stage are also provided.
This document discusses obstructive jaundice, including a case study of an 82-year-old male patient presenting with progressive jaundice, itching, weight loss, and other symptoms. It reviews the causes, pathophysiology, investigations, and management of obstructive jaundice. Common causes include gallstones, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Investigations may include blood tests, ultrasound, CT, MRCP, and ERCP. Management depends on the underlying cause but may involve surgical procedures like cholecystectomy, Whipple procedure, or stenting to relieve the obstruction.
This document discusses gallstones, including their types, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, investigations, and treatments. The main points are:
- Gallstones are typically cholesterol stones, pigment stones, or mixed. Their composition varies globally, with Asia having more pigment stones and Europe more cholesterol stones.
- Risk factors for gallstones include being female, over 40, fertile, or overweight, as well as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, certain medical conditions, and hyperlipidemia.
- Gallstones can be asymptomatic or cause issues like biliary colic, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, jaundice, and cholangitis due to obstruction or inflammation in the biliary system
Obstetrics deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period. Key terms include gestation, which is the duration of pregnancy, and trimesters, which divide pregnancy into three stages. Complications can include preterm birth before 37 weeks, post-term birth after 42 weeks, and pregnancy-induced high blood pressure conditions like preeclampsia. Delivery methods include normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and Cesarean section.
Materi ini membahas tentang defenisi dan Usia Anak di Indonesia serta hubungannya dengan risiko terpapar kekerasan. Dalam modul ini, akan diuraikan berbagai bentuk kekerasan yang dapat dialami anak-anak, seperti kekerasan fisik, emosional, seksual, dan penelantaran.
The document discusses various physiological changes that occur in the maternal body during pregnancy. It covers changes in the respiratory, cardiovascular and circulatory systems. Respiration rate increases leading to higher minute ventilation to support gas exchange. Cardiac output increases significantly due to rises in both heart rate and stroke volume. Blood volume expands substantially to support increased organ perfusion and uterine blood flow.
This document presents 5 case studies of common gynecological problems:
1. A pregnant woman at 7 weeks with severe vomiting was found to have hyperthyroidism and twins. She was treated and her pregnancy continued.
2. A woman with recurrent vaginal infections was prescribed long-term antifungal medication.
3. A woman with chronic pelvic pain was found to have adenomyosis after diagnostic tests and surgery.
4. A woman with heavy periods and fibroids underwent a myomectomy and later became pregnant.
5. A postmenopausal woman was found to have endometrial cancer after continued bleeding and tests, and was treated with surgery and radiation.
This document discusses surgical jaundice, including:
1. It defines jaundice and surgical jaundice, and classifies jaundice into pre-hepatic, hepatic, and post-hepatic types.
2. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the biliary tract and bilirubin metabolism.
3. Common causes of obstructive jaundice include gallstones, cancer, strictures, and inflammation. A thorough history and physical exam can help identify the cause.
4. Investigations include blood tests, imaging like ultrasound and MRCP, and procedures like ERCP. The goal is to determine the specific cause and level of obstruction.
5. Treatment depends on the
This document discusses the anatomy, physiology, diagnostic studies, diseases, and surgical procedures related to the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary system. Key points include:
- The gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac located in the liver that stores and concentrates bile. Bile is produced by the liver and aids in fat digestion.
- Gallstones are a common problem, forming when bile becomes supersaturated, and can cause conditions like cholecystitis. Surgical interventions include cholecystectomy.
- Other issues discussed include bile duct injuries, tumors, and abnormalities like sclerosing cholangitis. A variety of imaging studies and endoscopic procedures are used for diagnosis and treatment.
The document discusses a case study of a 24-year-old female patient named Kalpana Pandit who was admitted to the hospital for cholelithiasis (gallstones). It provides details of her medical history, symptoms, physical examination findings, diagnosis, and treatment plan. The causes and risk factors for cholelithiasis are also briefly explained.
The document discusses the pathogenesis of gallstones. It begins by describing the anatomy of the liver and its role in bile synthesis. Bile is composed of cholesterol, bile acids, phospholipids, and bilirubin. Cholesterol in bile can precipitate to form gallstones under certain conditions. Gallstones are usually either cholesterol stones or pigment stones, with different risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms for each. Gallstones may be asymptomatic but can also lead to complications if they block bile ducts or the pancreas.
This document discusses common gynecological medical problems including dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, menopause, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, and premenstrual syndrome. It provides information on symptoms, causes, diagnostic approaches and treatment options for these conditions. Key topics covered include primary and secondary dysmenorrhea, causes of amenorrhea, menopause symptoms and diagnosis, abnormal uterine bleeding etiology, and evaluation and management of postmenopausal bleeding.
The document summarizes yoga practices for biliary tract disease. It discusses the anatomy and functions of the biliary system and defines biliary tract disease as the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. It describes the prevalence, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and allopathic medical treatment of choledocholithiasis. It then discusses specific yoga practices like relaxation, pranayama, and meditation that may help reduce stress, pain, and the need for medication in patients with biliary tract conditions when used as a supplement to proper medical care.
This document provides an overview of the anatomy, embryology, histology, imaging, and physiology of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It describes the components of the extrahepatic biliary system including the gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. It discusses the formation of the gallbladder during embryological development and provides details on the structure and blood supply of the gallbladder and biliary tree. It also summarizes the function of bile in digestion and the neurohormonal regulation of bile secretion and gallbladder contraction.
Bile is produced by the liver and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released to aid digestion. The biliary tree consists of intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts that drain bile from the liver to the gallbladder and duodenum. Developmental variations in branching patterns can occur and need to be recognized to avoid complications during surgery or imaging studies. Biliary disorders in children may be developmental, such as biliary atresia or choledochal cysts, or acquired, like inspissated bile plug syndrome. Gallbladder diseases include cholecystitis, porcelain gallbladder, and adenomyomatosis.
This document discusses obstructive jaundice, providing definitions, pathophysiology, effects on various body systems, etiology, history and examination findings, laboratory investigations, imaging modalities, and causes of biliary obstruction. It defines obstructive jaundice as a failure of bile to reach the intestine due to mechanical obstruction. Pathophysiological changes include bile duct dilation, hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Causes include gallstones, strictures, tumors, and congenital anomalies. A thorough history, physical exam, and lab tests can localize the level and cause of obstruction, while imaging modalities like ultrasound and MRCP can identify and characterize obstructive lesions.
Obstructive jaundice is caused by obstruction of the bile ducts, preventing bile from reaching the duodenum. This document discusses the various causes of obstructive jaundice, including gallstones, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing elevated bilirubin and imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, MRCP and ERCP to identify the level and cause of obstruction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include ERCP for gallstone removal, surgery like the Whipple procedure for pancreatic cancer, or stenting of inoperable tumors.
The document provides an overview of obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) including:
1. OB/GYN deals with surgical care of the female reproductive system, including care for pregnant and non-pregnant patients.
2. There are several OB/GYN subspecialties focused on areas like high-risk pregnancies, infertility, cancers, and pelvic issues.
3. OB/GYN care is organized through ambulatory practices, maternity houses, gynecology departments, and various levels of hospitals.
This document provides information on examining a pregnant patient and summarizing the stages of labor. It begins with guidelines for conducting the abdominal examination, including obtaining consent and maintaining privacy. It then describes assessing the abdomen through inspection, palpation, and auscultation to determine fetal position, presentation, and other details. Finally, it divides labor into three stages - the first stage from onset to full dilation, the second from full dilation to delivery, and the third being delivery of the placenta. Key points on assessing cervical dilation and the definition and typical durations of each stage are also provided.
This document discusses obstructive jaundice, including a case study of an 82-year-old male patient presenting with progressive jaundice, itching, weight loss, and other symptoms. It reviews the causes, pathophysiology, investigations, and management of obstructive jaundice. Common causes include gallstones, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Investigations may include blood tests, ultrasound, CT, MRCP, and ERCP. Management depends on the underlying cause but may involve surgical procedures like cholecystectomy, Whipple procedure, or stenting to relieve the obstruction.
This document discusses gallstones, including their types, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, investigations, and treatments. The main points are:
- Gallstones are typically cholesterol stones, pigment stones, or mixed. Their composition varies globally, with Asia having more pigment stones and Europe more cholesterol stones.
- Risk factors for gallstones include being female, over 40, fertile, or overweight, as well as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, certain medical conditions, and hyperlipidemia.
- Gallstones can be asymptomatic or cause issues like biliary colic, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, jaundice, and cholangitis due to obstruction or inflammation in the biliary system
Obstetrics deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period. Key terms include gestation, which is the duration of pregnancy, and trimesters, which divide pregnancy into three stages. Complications can include preterm birth before 37 weeks, post-term birth after 42 weeks, and pregnancy-induced high blood pressure conditions like preeclampsia. Delivery methods include normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and Cesarean section.
Materi ini membahas tentang defenisi dan Usia Anak di Indonesia serta hubungannya dengan risiko terpapar kekerasan. Dalam modul ini, akan diuraikan berbagai bentuk kekerasan yang dapat dialami anak-anak, seperti kekerasan fisik, emosional, seksual, dan penelantaran.
Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 Fase E Kurikulum MerdekaFathan Emran
Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka - abdiera.com, Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka, Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka, Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka, Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka, Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 SMA/MA Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka
PPT RENCANA AKSI 2 modul ajar matematika berdiferensiasi kelas 1Arumdwikinasih
Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi merupakan pembelajaran yang mengakomodasi dari semua perbedaan murid, terbuka untuk semua dan memberikan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang dibutuhkan oleh setiap individu.kelas 1 ........
Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 Fase F Kurikulum MerdekaFathan Emran
Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 SMA/MA Fase F Kurikulum Merdeka - abdiera.com. Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 SMA/MA Fase F Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 SMA/MA Fase F Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 SMA/MA Fase F Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Matematika Kelas 11 SMA/MA Fase F Kurikulum Merdeka.
2. Pioneering adalah salah satu ketrampilan
yang mestinya harus dimiliki oleh teman
Pramuka. Pioneering merupakan
ketrampilan menggunakan barang-barang
yang ada di alam untuk dijadikan suatu
benda atau alat yang dapat membantu kita