KSRTC operates over 5,000 buses in the Indian city of Bangalore. To reduce emissions and fuel costs, 81 buses now run on a 90% diesel 10% pongamia oil blend, saving over $30,000 annually. KSRTC has implemented various environmental programs to reduce air, water, noise pollution and waste. This includes regular emissions testing, fuel quality controls, and an afforestation program planting over 278,000 trees. The biofuel blend leads to significant reductions in emissions like SOx, PM, HC, CO and CO2 compared to pure diesel.
Flybus-Switch to flight mode even before take off.KSRTC
#KSRTC is proud to introduce #Flybus - a luxury intercity #airport coach.Joining forces with #Bengaluru international airport, Flybus aims to make your departure travel less burdensome, quicker and economical. passengers travelling in and out of the airport can benefit from this service. Coaches will ply from destinations and back twice a day. Flybus will ensure a luxurious, reliable and affordable experience to all passengers.
Flybus features:
Flybus on Volvo multi-Axle Chassis
In-Bus pantry and Chemical Toilet
In-Bus Entertainment with 70+ channels
Artificial leather seats with increased legroom
Live display of flight timings
Bus would have GPS devices from ITS, Mysore
Daily 2 Departures each from BIAL(9.45 AM and 9.45 PM) and Mysore (2 AM and 2 PM)
Book now ,visit : www.ksrtc.in
Project management and scm training & certificationKSRTC
Training program on Project Management and Supply Chain Management.Certification courses approved by reputed Institutes like Brenau University(USA) and IIMM.
The document discusses media mix, public relations, and newsletters. It defines media mix as the combination of various media modes used for advertising and promotion. It notes the key roles of media mix in business include planning strategy, managing costs, and reaching target markets. Public relations is defined as the art of analyzing trends, counseling organizations, and implementing planned programs to serve both organizational and public interests. Newsletters are described as regular publications distributed to defined groups to inform, announce events, and promote products/services. Effective newsletter creation follows rules like knowing the audience and writing for them.
Communication is the process of sharing ideas, thoughts, and feelings between people so they can understand each other. It involves a source sending a message through a channel that is received by the intended audience. For communication to be effective, the receiver must understand the message. Technology now plays an important role in communication by making the process faster and allowing it to reach more people through different channels. However, barriers like language differences or distractions can interfere with effective communication.
SPAANS Tours & Travels is a company providing luxury bus services in India. The document outlines SPAANS' objectives of providing quality service, profitable growth, and customer satisfaction. It discusses the company's market analysis, strategies, resources, competition, financial plan, and vehicles. The key points of success are excellence in fulfilling promises to customers and timely marketing responses.
Emotional and rational appeals are two of the most important types of advertising appeals. Emotional appeals target an individual's psychological and social needs and are often effective for younger consumers, while rational appeals emphasize the functional benefits of a product and tend to work better for older audiences. The document then describes various other specific types of advertising appeals commonly used, including personal, social, fear-based, humor, sex, music, scarcity, masculine/feminine, brand, snob, adventure, less than perfect, romance, emotional word usage, youth, endorsement, wordplay, statistics, plain, and bandwagon appeals.
The document discusses different types of advertising appeals that are used to influence consumer purchasing decisions. It identifies 18 different appeals including emotional appeals like fear and humor appeals, rational appeals that focus on product features, and social appeals that play on desires for status or acceptance. The appeals are designed to create a positive image of products and make consumers feel purchasing them will fulfill psychological or social needs. Examples of how different appeals could be implemented in advertisements are provided.
Flybus-Switch to flight mode even before take off.KSRTC
#KSRTC is proud to introduce #Flybus - a luxury intercity #airport coach.Joining forces with #Bengaluru international airport, Flybus aims to make your departure travel less burdensome, quicker and economical. passengers travelling in and out of the airport can benefit from this service. Coaches will ply from destinations and back twice a day. Flybus will ensure a luxurious, reliable and affordable experience to all passengers.
Flybus features:
Flybus on Volvo multi-Axle Chassis
In-Bus pantry and Chemical Toilet
In-Bus Entertainment with 70+ channels
Artificial leather seats with increased legroom
Live display of flight timings
Bus would have GPS devices from ITS, Mysore
Daily 2 Departures each from BIAL(9.45 AM and 9.45 PM) and Mysore (2 AM and 2 PM)
Book now ,visit : www.ksrtc.in
Project management and scm training & certificationKSRTC
Training program on Project Management and Supply Chain Management.Certification courses approved by reputed Institutes like Brenau University(USA) and IIMM.
The document discusses media mix, public relations, and newsletters. It defines media mix as the combination of various media modes used for advertising and promotion. It notes the key roles of media mix in business include planning strategy, managing costs, and reaching target markets. Public relations is defined as the art of analyzing trends, counseling organizations, and implementing planned programs to serve both organizational and public interests. Newsletters are described as regular publications distributed to defined groups to inform, announce events, and promote products/services. Effective newsletter creation follows rules like knowing the audience and writing for them.
Communication is the process of sharing ideas, thoughts, and feelings between people so they can understand each other. It involves a source sending a message through a channel that is received by the intended audience. For communication to be effective, the receiver must understand the message. Technology now plays an important role in communication by making the process faster and allowing it to reach more people through different channels. However, barriers like language differences or distractions can interfere with effective communication.
SPAANS Tours & Travels is a company providing luxury bus services in India. The document outlines SPAANS' objectives of providing quality service, profitable growth, and customer satisfaction. It discusses the company's market analysis, strategies, resources, competition, financial plan, and vehicles. The key points of success are excellence in fulfilling promises to customers and timely marketing responses.
Emotional and rational appeals are two of the most important types of advertising appeals. Emotional appeals target an individual's psychological and social needs and are often effective for younger consumers, while rational appeals emphasize the functional benefits of a product and tend to work better for older audiences. The document then describes various other specific types of advertising appeals commonly used, including personal, social, fear-based, humor, sex, music, scarcity, masculine/feminine, brand, snob, adventure, less than perfect, romance, emotional word usage, youth, endorsement, wordplay, statistics, plain, and bandwagon appeals.
The document discusses different types of advertising appeals that are used to influence consumer purchasing decisions. It identifies 18 different appeals including emotional appeals like fear and humor appeals, rational appeals that focus on product features, and social appeals that play on desires for status or acceptance. The appeals are designed to create a positive image of products and make consumers feel purchasing them will fulfill psychological or social needs. Examples of how different appeals could be implemented in advertisements are provided.
GreenCAB concept for Delhi is a public transportation system using a human-powered medium. GreenCAB is a dial-a-cycle-rickshaw service, similar to dial-a-cab service, which will attempt towards balancing demand and supply. Cycle Rickshaws are the key mode of transportation for short distances in India.
The document discusses sustainability initiatives in the courier and logistics industry. It notes that 253 million tonnes of packaging is used annually, half of which is paper and plastic. It also discusses the large carbon emissions from trucks in Europe. Various companies like FedEx, DHL, Mahindra Logistics, and Gati are highlighted as taking steps to reduce their environmental impact through fleet optimization, use of renewable energy, electric vehicles, reducing packaging, and other measures. Government regulations are also noted as drivers for companies to improve sustainability.
The document discusses sustainability practices in the transport and logistics industry. It provides an overview of the industry and trends like globalization and outsourcing. It explains emission categorization and modes of transport and their emissions. It discusses sustainability measures by major players like FedEx, DHL, and Indian Railways which include reducing emissions, increasing fuel efficiency, using renewable energy, and waste management. The conclusion states that environmental sustainability is an important responsibility for transport providers.
(Ximb)sustainability petroleum industry automobile(2 wheeler and 3 wheeler) i...SustainabilityXIMB
The document summarizes sustainability practices in the two and three wheeler automobile industry in major Asian countries. It notes that the number of these vehicles has exceeded 200 million and is expected to grow significantly. It outlines challenges like solid waste generation and landfill issues in the post-use stage of the vehicle lifecycle. It then discusses current sustainability strategies of companies like Suzuki, Hero Motocorp, Harley Davidson and Kawasaki focusing on areas like energy efficiency, waste reduction, recycling, and green manufacturing and supply chain practices. It concludes with recommendations around resource conservation, energy efficiency, waste reduction, and introducing green human resource management practices.
12-13 May 2016 - India's Policy Dialogue
International Workshop on Extended Producer Responsibility in India: Opportunities, Challenges and Lessons from International Experience, New Delhi, India.
Vehicle Emission Testing Stations in PakistanMuhammad Aqil
Presentation on the importance of vehicle emission testing including procedure of testing and different vehicle emission testing stations currently available in Pakistan. It also includes the policy and situation of Pakistan regarding vehicle emission testing.
Reffcon conducted a pilot study with RSRTC, Rajasthan's public bus service, to test their fuel efficiency solutions. The study found an average 6.84% increase in fuel efficiency across 3 buses from different depots, showing potential for cost and emissions savings. If implemented across RSRTC's entire fleet, Reffcon estimates their solutions could save over 10% of fuel costs annually while reducing carbon emissions by millions of kilograms. The pilot demonstrates that targeted maintenance practices can significantly improve bus fuel efficiency without engine modifications.
ESOS Transportation energy consumption-eco3 partnership brochureEco3 Partnership
Energy and Strategic Cost Management Solutions
ESOS Energy-Strategic Cost Management
The Eco3Partnership focuses on providing advice and guidance on the design and implementation of sustainable business solutions in the energy efficiency and renewables sector.
Our innovative solutions are designed to identify practical and cost efficient ways of reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.
We can help deliver clear insight into energy consumption across your business, driving increased efficiency and reduced costs by providing a unique managed service and helping you implement our eco3 Smart Cloud Software that allows you to measure, manage and monitor your energy and carbon effectively.
These solutions reduce business operational costs whilst ensuring compliance with new legislation. We also provide guidance on energy procurement, low energy lighting and controls and combined heat and power initiatives.
Where required we can assist with the preparation of carbon management and carbon reduction programmes.
The document describes Enviro Technology's Accuscan 4600 vehicle emissions monitoring system. The system uses optical sensors to remotely measure vehicle emissions in real-time as vehicles drive through an invisible monitoring path. It can measure levels of various pollutants and identify high-polluting vehicles. Local authorities can use short-term vehicle emissions monitoring studies with this system to characterize vehicle fleets and identify pollution hot spots to help guide traffic and air quality strategies. The system provides accurate, cost-effective data to support various applications such as air quality management.
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Integrated Urban Electric Mobility Solutions in the Context of the Paris Agreement, the Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda
InCo flagship project on “Urban mobility and sustainable electrification in large urban areas in developing and emerging economies”
Fazilka Ecocabs is a social enterprise that organized rickshaw operations in Fazilka, India using a dial-a-rickshaw system with mobile phones. It aimed to improve the rickshaw system for the benefit of rickshaw drivers and the environment. The system includes call centers for ride requests, a mobile app, and a website to locate rickshaws. Over 500 rickshaw drivers are registered in the system. The program has led to benefits like increased income for drivers, reduced traffic and pollution, and more organized transportation. Fazilka Ecocabs has received recognition and its model has expanded to other cities in India.
Three Wheels United is a social enterprise focused on improving the lives of auto rickshaw drivers in India. It aims to address drivers' limited earnings, lack of access to finance, and environmental issues through providing financing for new fuel efficient vehicles, banking and insurance services, and organizing drivers into cooperative groups. The company partners with NGOs and universities to develop retrofit kits to reduce auto emissions and increase fuel efficiency. Its mission is to positively impact the lives of over 1 million auto drivers in India over the next 10 years through financial inclusion and community development programs.
The document discusses the need for more sustainable transportation systems and outlines several strategies to achieve this. It notes that a sustainable system allows access needs to be met safely while protecting health and the environment. It also should limit emissions, waste and resource consumption. The document then provides examples of strategies like behavioral changes, fuel shifting, improving efficiency, mode shifting, and technological innovations. It discusses specific options for freight transport and promoting electric vehicles.
The document outlines the goals and strategies of a drayage carrier company to improve air quality and reduce congestion at ports. The company's goals are to reduce greenhouse gases and congestion in port areas. It discusses the company's ownership and operations statistics. It also describes the environmental issues facing the drayage industry and the company's efforts to retrofit its tractor fleets and implement emission reduction technologies. The company proposes a load matching program called ECO-MATCH to better match import and export loads to reduce trips and fuel consumption. Future steps include continuing retrofit efforts and promoting the ECO-MATCH program.
Indian cities currently perform poorly in providing basic civic amenities like housing, transportation, air quality, water supply, and waste management. The document proposes several solutions to address these issues and make future cities more sustainable, environmentally friendly, and efficiently managed. It suggests implementing policies and practices around green buildings, sustainable transportation systems, improved air and water management, increased waste recycling and minimization, and more effective municipal solid waste management. The goal is for future cities to utilize resources judiciously, be self-sustaining, and prioritize disposal as a last resort through better urban planning and governance.
An EcoMobility certification system for citiesNuno Quental
The document provides an overview of the EcoMobility SHIFT project which aims to create an EcoMobility certification scheme for cities. The certification scheme will assess cities' sustainable transport policies and allow municipalities to obtain an 'EcoMobility Label'. The scheme is intended to be a static measure of overall achievement as well as a dynamic measure of process. It will also function as an internal management tool and external comparative tool for cities. The certification system will include a quality management system, labelling scheme, and auditing procedures to guide cities in policy improvements and attribute labels. A review was conducted of existing similar schemes to identify best practices and lessons for the EcoMobility SHIFT certification system.
The document discusses sustainability practices in the global and Indian cable industries. It provides details on sustainability initiatives by major global cable companies like Prysmian Group, General Cable, and Nexans, which include adopting sustainability reporting guidelines, reducing carbon footprint through initiatives like recycling and using recycled materials, and obtaining environmental certifications. It also outlines sustainability trends in major Indian cable companies such as Havells India, Polycab, Sterlite Technologies, and others focused on areas like renewable energy products, afforestation, health and education. Global firms are more focused on formal sustainability reporting and recycling while Indian firms emphasize local communities and electrical access.
Keolis is a global mobility operator that has been in business since 1983. In 2016-2017, Keolis saw increased revenue and number of employees. Keolis focuses on improving customer experience, safety, partnership with public authorities, employee engagement, social responsibility, and operational excellence. Keolis operates various modes of transportation across many countries and continues to innovate and develop new mobility solutions.
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Similar to K S R T C: Driving Further On Greener Fuel (20)
1. Driving further on greener fuel
Biofuel blends in KSRTC’s buses in India
N.S. Megharikh, Director (Personnel & Environment), KSRTC, & P.S. Anand Rao, Environment Officer, KSRTC, Bangalore, India
As part of a raft of environmental programmes,
81 buses in the Indian city of Bangalore now run on
a diesel:pongamia oil blend. As well as affording a
huge cut in emissions, this fuel has enabled annual
savings of over EUR 20,000.
KSRTC is a pioneer in the use of SVOs blended with diesel
Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC)
was established in 1961 as a State Owned Road-
ways Transport Undertaking. The Government of
Turning fortunes around
India and Karnataka State Government have a stake
Transport is an important index of the social, cultural and
in the capital structure of the Corporation in the
economic development of any society. Although passenger
form of an equity and capital contribution. KSRTC
transport is a business for public transport operators, it is
has its headquarters in Bangalore, India, and is a
very difficult to run under a strict business principle of no
public utility service that aims to provide adequate,
profit and no loss given that State transport undertakings are
economical and properly coordinated passenger
run as more of a social service than a business. Financial per-
transport services to the citizens of Karnataka State.
formance at KSRTC has been exceptional in spite of the need
KSRTC currently operates 5045 schedules with a to fulfill this social responsibility obligation and its transfor-
fleet of 5423 buses covering 1.75 million km and mation into a profit making organization is unheard of in
carrying about 2.3 million passengers per day. Daily Indian State transport undertakings. Over recent years KSRTC
traffic revenue ranges from INR 30 to 40 million has turned its fortunes around, starting from -480.28 million
(EUR 515,000 to 687,000). KSRTC employs a work- INR (EUR -8.2 million) in 1995-1996 to +327.38 INR (EUR +5.6
force of 25,897 in its 10 operating divisions, which million) for the period 2002-2003. Its revenue margin now
include 56 depots, two regional workshops, a print- stands at +200.50 INR (EUR +3.4 million).
ing press, three training centres and a hospital.
KSRTC offers a range of passenger services using KSRTC has managed to become financially healthier by
World Class Volvo AC buses, Ultra Deluxe buses, adopting new technologies and management concepts, cost
Semi deluxe and Express buses. These aerodynami- control exercises and environmental upgrade programmes,
cally designed and fuel-efficient buses operate on initiatives that have also made it possible to maximize traffic
regional urban and suburban routes - both local and revenue.
long distance services - that can be up to 1200km in Combating pollution
length. Headed by a Director (Personnel & Environment) at corporate
level, KSRTC’s ‘Environmental Cell’ came into existence in
1996 and is the first of its kind set up by any State Transport
Undertaking in the entire country. The cell monitors the envi-
26 Public Transport International - 4/2006
2. DOSSIER
ronmental impact on air pollution, water pollution, noise pol-
lution and waste generation and has introduced various tech-
nological innovations in the areas of steam boilers, re-tread-
ing of tyres, generation of distilled water and material waste.
The progress of the environmental impact assessment and
implementation of environmental upgrade programmes is
RELATION BETWEEN EMISSION CHECKS
monitored from corporate level. Some of the pollution control
measures in operation include:
AND DEFECTS FROM1999-00 TO 2005-06
• Regular pollution level checks for the entire bus fleet and
display of pollution free stickers. No. of checks * 10,000
• Although emission levels have to be checked every six No. of defects * 1,000
months according to regulations, corporation policy 6
requires vehicles to be checked once a month. 5.386
5.048
• Fuel supply quality controls at all depots via random checks 5
4.305 4.494
of fuel critical parameters.
4
• Ambient air quality checks at nodes such as depots, bus
Numbers
stations and production units to assess the impact of air
3 2.712
pollution.
• Noise level checks at production units and depots to moni- 2
tor noise pollution and keep within noise level limits - by
means of acoustic treatment - at stationary generator sets. 1 0.652
0.264 0.258
• Cleanliness levels in bus stations, administrative offices,
0
depots and production units, maintained through competi-
tive grading of the depots. 1999 - 2000 2001 - 2002 2003 - 2004 2005 - 2006
Years
• An afforestation programme launched by the organisation
in 1996 in which over 278,000 saplings (pongamia and
other varieties) have been planted and maintained.
KSRTC is in the process of gaining ISO 14000 (2000) certifica-
tion, and performs a monthly energy, water and waste mini-
mization audit in all its units. On top of this, smoke emission
checks have been regularly conducted on its fleet of 5423
buses. COMPARISON OF EMISSIONS FOR BUSES
FUELLED BY DIESEL WITH THOSE RUNNING ON A 10% BLEND
Biofuel blend in KSRTC’s buses
The KSRTC is a pioneer in the use of Straight Vegetable Oils Diesel
(SVO) blended with diesel. Pongamia Oil began to be used in 10% blend
2003 and at present 81 buses are in operation in KSRTC’s
10 9.64 9.95
Doddaballapur Depot using a 90:10 ratio mix of HSD (High
Speed Diesel): Pongamia Oil. This split was arrived at by
analysing the effect of using a biofuel / diesel blend in vari- 8
ous ratios on a multi cylinder Ashok Leyland Diesel Hino
engine. Induction of Pongamia Pinnata biofuel with diesel in 6 5.803
g/kWhr
varying proportions on an engine test bed was tested at the 4.835
different speeds (varying RPM and load of the engine) and
4
the results compared with the same engine using HSD. Sig-
nificant emissions reductions were obtained especially for 2.272 2.176
SO x , PM, HC, CO and CO 2 emissions. The diesel:biofuel 2
ratios were calculated in varying percentages of 10 and 20
0.307 0.285
with diesel. The use of biofuel with diesel in the ratio of 0
90:10 (Diesel:Pongamia Oil) was concluded as being the PM HC CO NOx
most cost effective (see overview of results below)1 and non-
polluting substance for petroleum products, and resulted in Emissions
a tremendous reduction in emissions (see opposite).
Reduction Reduction Reduction Increase
During the case study in the Doddaballapur depot of KSRTC, 4.2% 7.2% 16.7% 3.2%
biofuel was found to have caused no problems to fuel equip-
ment or the engine. This was corroborated by Mico Bosch
Ltd. (a fuel equipment and injectors manufacturing company
in India) after dismantling the engine of KSRTC bus run on
pongamia oil. The use of transesterified oil is more beneficial
both for the engine and the environment. It chemically
matches the quality and specification of diesel oil. However,
Public Transport International - 4/2006 27
3. DOSSIER
instead of the transesterifica- of Indian Standards (BIS).
tion of the oil - a useful method KSRTC has also embarked on
of reducing its high viscosity by the large scale plantation of
use of a special fuel additive - a pongamia and other varieties on
special two-stage filtration sys- plots of vacant land.
tem - of 25 microns and one The use of biofuel and its mar-
micron – was employed to ket especially in public trans-
ensure clean filtration and pre- port buses in India and else-
vent filter clogging. To achieve where clearly depend upon
better combustion and spray of various factors such as the pro-
the biofuel, the atomiser pres- duction and application poten-
sure was increased from 230 to tial, appropriate feedstock,
240 kg/cm2. A 200 RPM agita- financial viability, environmen-
tor and a gear pump were also tal impact, and government and
installed and operated every institutional support. Neverthe-
three hours to keep the fuel cor- less, the rising cost of fossil fuel
rectly mixed and steadily circu- is certain to accelerate the pace
The biofuel was found to have caused no problems to fuel equipment or the lating in the underground tank. of use of biofuel.
engine during the experiment The use of biofuel at KSRTC in
1 A study on the use of biofuel in
the form of Straight Vegetable KSRTC was carried out jointly by
Oil (Pure Plant Oil) with an BMVEL/GTZ, TERI & ISEC in October
improved filter system 2005 and the findings were presen-
increased fuel efficiency from ted at the ‘International Conference
And Expo – BIOFUEL 2012 – Vision to
5.10 km per litre to 5.12 km per Reality’ (17-18 October 2005) organi-
litre as compared to the buses zed by TERI, New Delhi.
run on HSD. KSRTC plans to
gradually convert its 56 depots
over to using a 10% biofuel
blend depending on the opera-
tional results, the cost of biofuel
and its availability. It plans to
run buses on 100% esterified
biofuel respecting the parame-
ters as laid down by the Bureau
Overview of results of using 10% Pongamia Pinnata with HSD in
KSRTC’s Doddaballapur Depot for 81 buses
Daily average vehicle journey 364km
Average km per litre* 5.18
Cost per km on high speed diesel INR 6.50 (11 euro cents)/km
Cost per km using 90/10 HSD/biofuel INR 6.39 (11 euro cents)/km
Difference in cost per km using 10% pongamia oil INR 0.11(0.1 euro cent) /km
Savings per bus per annum INR 14,615 (EUR 251)
Approximate annual savings of 81 buses INR 1.183 million (EUR 20,291)
*A test study was conducted by R.V.College of Engineering, Bangalore, India (www.rvce.ac.in) for Kar-
nataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) using 10% pongamia oil with 90% diesel fuel at their
engine test rig. The results were presented at the National Conference on Biofuels, held at National If you have questions or want
Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India, March 23-25, 2006. information on the technical
details of the trial please contact
megharikh@hotmail.com /
www.ksrtc.in
28 Public Transport International - 4/2006