Unregulated harvesting of black cohosh poses threats to both species conservation and herbal supplement safety. Up to 1 in 4 supplements labeled as black cohosh actually contain other Actaea species like mountain bugbane, which is declining and can be toxic. The authors developed an outreach guide to help untrained herb gatherers safely identify and distinguish black cohosh from look-alike species. By simplifying technical descriptions and including pictures, the guide aims to reduce accidental harvesting of imperiled species like mountain bugbane while maintaining the herbal trade.
This ppt contains all about the family Rosaceae under Dicotyledons. It explains about its systematic position, general characters, phylogenetic affinities, floral formula and diagram, economic importance and important genera under this family.
The Borojó is a tree native to South America that produces edible berries. Its fruit is round, brown in color, and contains high levels of nutrients like protein, vitamin C, calcium, and phosphorus. Traditionally, the Borojó fruit has been used in medicine to treat various ailments and as an energizer. Commercially, around 3,000 hectares are used to cultivate the Borojó tree for its fruit, which are harvested after 5-6 years. The tree grows best in humid, shady conditions in rich soil along river banks.
Plant sheets rosaceae - November 2013 Out of the Wilds talkcvadheim
This document provides information on the California Wild Rose (Rosa californica). It is a clumping woody shrub native to southern Oregon and Baja California that typically grows 4-6 feet tall and 4-9 feet wide. It has pink flowers in showy clusters in spring through fall and orange-red hips appreciated by birds. It is easy to grow and useful in gardens as a specimen plant, for hedgerows, and to attract bees and birds. Minimal care is needed once established.
Redshanks is a woody shrub or small tree native to southern California and northern Baja California. It grows 6-15 feet tall with narrow, linear leaves. Its old bark is red-brown and shreddy, giving it its common name of "Redshanks". Redshanks blooms in summer with small pale-yellow or cream flowers and is covered in blooms, attracting native pollinators. It is commonly used in chaparral-themed gardens and provides habitat for birds. Redshanks thrives in hot, dry places and requires full sun, adaptable soil, and little to no summer water once established.
This document provides information on the Canyon Silktassel plant (Garrya veatchii). It is a native evergreen woody shrub or small tree found in chaparral and oak woodlands in southwestern California. It has catkins that bloom in spring and produce purple-brown berries. It is suitable for use as a garden ornamental, hedge, or specimen tree and provides habitat for birds. It requires full sun to light shade and little water once established.
Rosaceae is a plant family, it belongs to the flowering planst i.e., the Angiosperms. It is also commonly called as Rose Family.
Most common specoes is Rosa indica. Almond is also included in this family.
Whole description of the family along with vegetative and floral characters, the economic importance as well. All is demonstrated with the help of images.
Lady Banks Rose: A Waterwise Plant - OregonFarica46m
Lady Banks rose (Rosa banksiae) is a species rose native to China that was introduced to England in the late 1700s or early 1800s. It has cascades of small, double, pale yellow flowers and can also be white. As a climber, it is a beautiful addition to waterwise gardens that requires less water once established. It grows in semi-shade to full sun and has semi-evergreen foliage.
The document describes the common eucrypta plant, a native annual wildflower found in coastal central and southern California and Arizona. It grows 1-2 feet tall and wide, with fern-like, lemon-scented leaves and white to pale pink bell-shaped flowers that bloom in spring. It is useful for dry, shady garden areas and containers, where it will thrive with little care beyond natural winter/spring rains. It provides habitat and food for pollinators and birds.
This ppt contains all about the family Rosaceae under Dicotyledons. It explains about its systematic position, general characters, phylogenetic affinities, floral formula and diagram, economic importance and important genera under this family.
The Borojó is a tree native to South America that produces edible berries. Its fruit is round, brown in color, and contains high levels of nutrients like protein, vitamin C, calcium, and phosphorus. Traditionally, the Borojó fruit has been used in medicine to treat various ailments and as an energizer. Commercially, around 3,000 hectares are used to cultivate the Borojó tree for its fruit, which are harvested after 5-6 years. The tree grows best in humid, shady conditions in rich soil along river banks.
Plant sheets rosaceae - November 2013 Out of the Wilds talkcvadheim
This document provides information on the California Wild Rose (Rosa californica). It is a clumping woody shrub native to southern Oregon and Baja California that typically grows 4-6 feet tall and 4-9 feet wide. It has pink flowers in showy clusters in spring through fall and orange-red hips appreciated by birds. It is easy to grow and useful in gardens as a specimen plant, for hedgerows, and to attract bees and birds. Minimal care is needed once established.
Redshanks is a woody shrub or small tree native to southern California and northern Baja California. It grows 6-15 feet tall with narrow, linear leaves. Its old bark is red-brown and shreddy, giving it its common name of "Redshanks". Redshanks blooms in summer with small pale-yellow or cream flowers and is covered in blooms, attracting native pollinators. It is commonly used in chaparral-themed gardens and provides habitat for birds. Redshanks thrives in hot, dry places and requires full sun, adaptable soil, and little to no summer water once established.
This document provides information on the Canyon Silktassel plant (Garrya veatchii). It is a native evergreen woody shrub or small tree found in chaparral and oak woodlands in southwestern California. It has catkins that bloom in spring and produce purple-brown berries. It is suitable for use as a garden ornamental, hedge, or specimen tree and provides habitat for birds. It requires full sun to light shade and little water once established.
Rosaceae is a plant family, it belongs to the flowering planst i.e., the Angiosperms. It is also commonly called as Rose Family.
Most common specoes is Rosa indica. Almond is also included in this family.
Whole description of the family along with vegetative and floral characters, the economic importance as well. All is demonstrated with the help of images.
Lady Banks Rose: A Waterwise Plant - OregonFarica46m
Lady Banks rose (Rosa banksiae) is a species rose native to China that was introduced to England in the late 1700s or early 1800s. It has cascades of small, double, pale yellow flowers and can also be white. As a climber, it is a beautiful addition to waterwise gardens that requires less water once established. It grows in semi-shade to full sun and has semi-evergreen foliage.
The document describes the common eucrypta plant, a native annual wildflower found in coastal central and southern California and Arizona. It grows 1-2 feet tall and wide, with fern-like, lemon-scented leaves and white to pale pink bell-shaped flowers that bloom in spring. It is useful for dry, shady garden areas and containers, where it will thrive with little care beyond natural winter/spring rains. It provides habitat and food for pollinators and birds.
Roxaneh Khorsand Rosa has extensive experience in ecological research, education, and conservation. She received her Ph.D. from FIU in 2013, studying the reproductive ecology of Mauritia flexuosa palm in Brazil. Her career goals are to conduct innovative ecological research and apply results to management/conservation, and help students develop critical thinking skills relating to ecology. She has taught various courses at FIU as an adjunct instructor and TA. Her research focuses on plant phenology and pollination in tropical and arctic ecosystems.
Undergraduate Research Symposium Poster PresentationerikaLane14
This study aimed to identify morphological characters that differentiate the northern tetraploid Packera taxa from P. plattensis in Minnesota, as the two are often confused. The author measured 13 characters on 82 herbarium specimens of 6 Packera taxa. ANOVA found 7 characters with significant mean differences, including flowering date, involucre length, ray length, basal leaf length-to-center, height, and two ratios. Of these, 6 characters effectively distinguished the northern tetraploids from P. plattensis. Identifying these differentiating characters provides a foundation for formally recognizing and describing the northern tetraploid group.
This document provides information about two forest insect pests: the red-bellied woodpecker and Callidiellum rufipenne. It describes the signs of damage caused by each pest, including exit holes, suckering, and galleries underneath bark. For C. rufipenne, it outlines its native range, hosts, and lifecycle of laying eggs in late spring that develop into larvae that burrow under bark to feed. The document also provides information about identifying Asian longhorned beetle, noting its size, antennae, coloration, potential blue feet, and signs of heavily infested trees with dime-sized exit holes and frass at the tree's base. Contact information is given if suspicious
The Baboquivari Mountain chain in southern Arizona comprises four mountain ranges from different geologic periods that contain a diverse flora. The mountain chain contains over 785 plant species and represents four distinct bioregions. Several rare plant species are found within the mountains. The mountain ranges have been inhabited for over 2,500 years by indigenous peoples including the Hohokam, Tohono O'odham, and more recently Hispanic and Anglo settlers, many of whom utilized the local flora for food, medicine, and other purposes. The Baboquivari Mountains play an important ecological role due to their location at the eastern edge of the Sonoran Desert.
The document discusses several important Ayurvedic plant families including their botanical descriptions. It covers the Menispermaceae family which includes plants like Guduchi. It describes the Malvaceae family containing plants like Bala and provides descriptions of key features like leaves and flowers. The document also discusses the Fabaceae/Mimosaceae family containing plants like Khadira, and provides botanical details of families like Rutaceae containing Bilva, and Rubiaceae containing Manjishtha.
The document summarizes key information about the mulberry family (Moraceae). It discusses that the family comprises 37 genera and 1050 species that are mostly found in tropical regions. It then describes some of the largest genera, including Ficus with 759 worldwide species. The document outlines morphological features of the family including habit, latex, stipules, leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. It also provides examples of Moraceae species found in Malaysia. Finally, it discusses some economic uses of species from the family.
This document discusses several monocot weed species found in Chhattisgarh, India. It begins by explaining that monocots have one cotyledon and includes grasses, sedges, lilies and cattails. Several grass species are described, including Saccharum munja, Eleusine indica, Phalaris minor and Cynodon dactylon. Sedges are also discussed. The document then provides detailed descriptions, images and information on the growth habit, habitat and uses of various monocot weed species found in the region.
An Interactive Key to the Genus Galanthus L.Kehan Harman
This document describes an interactive key for identifying species in the genus Galanthus, commonly known as snowdrops. It contains 19 species and numerous hybrids and cultivars. The key uses three main identification elements: leaf vernation, markings on the inner perianth segments, and leaf surface color/texture. It demonstrates the use of the key by providing details on an unknown specimen that is identified as G. ikariae based on its supervolute leaves, single apical marking, and description of large air spaces inside the leaves.
This document provides information on the Bigelow Beargrass plant, including that it is a large, drought-tolerant, herbaceous perennial native to deserts in southern California and other southwestern states. It grows in large clumping rosettes of long, strap-like leaves and produces tall flowering stalks in late spring with fragrant white flowers. As a dramatic desert plant, it is suitable for water-wise gardens and providing pollinator habitat.
This document discusses key concepts in plant reproduction including pollination, fertilization, and plant breeding. It defines terms like pollination, cross-pollination, self-pollination, fertilization, compatible, incompatible, parthenocarpy, and explains the significance of triploid cultivars and F1 hybrid seeds. Characteristics of wind and insect-pollinated plants are reviewed. Genetics concepts like dominant and recessive genes, and how they impact plant breeding through creating F1 hybrids with hybrid vigor, are also covered.
Baja Rose is a woody shrub native to coastal San Diego County and northern Baja California. It grows 4-6 feet tall and wide, with extremely small leaves and dense prickles on the stems. In late winter and early spring, it produces beautiful pink single roses. Baja Rose is drought tolerant and adaptable, making it a good choice for water-wise gardens, as a specimen plant, or for erosion control. It provides habitat and food for native pollinators.
The document provides descriptions of various plants, animals, and geological features found in Yosemite National Park. It describes the giant sequoia as the largest tree in the world, sugar pine as having the largest pine cones, and gossamer threads from spiderlings floating through the air. It also describes bracken fern, wintergreen, mousetails, sword fern, turkey tail fungus, manzanita, yerba santa, coast live oak, bumble bees, bigleaf maple, lichens on rocks, and humans inhabiting Yosemite Valley for thousands of years. Photos were provided by classmates on a field trip.
The document describes the soursop (Annona muricata), a small, evergreen fruit tree native to the Caribbean and Central America. It produces large, prickly green fruits that are high in vitamins and often processed into products like ice cream or consumed raw. In traditional medicine, parts of the plant are used to treat various illnesses.
7500 American chestnut trees and counting, the research that ate my summer in...Richard Gardner
During the summer of 2015 in reaction to the questionable concept I continually heard about the American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) going extinct I decided to do a census of the American Chestnut on the Appalachian Trail from the Rausch Gap to the Lehigh Gap and other local trails. Over 38 days were spent on the census using a GPS equipped camera with many more days gathering data on American Chestnut reproduction and how the Chestnut Blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) affected the trees. A total of over 80 miles of Appalachian Trail was walked along with at least another 40 miles on other trails. More than 7500 trees of various sizes from seedlings to mature adults were found along two trail systems separated by about 25 miles. In three separate locations a total of forty-four trees were found bearing seeds. The limiting factor in American Chestnut reproduction was clearly shown to be access to direct sunlight, not disease. The obvious conclusion derived from this time in the field is that the American Chestnut is coming back without our interference. Attempts to hybridize it with non-native chestnut species to make “blight resistant” trees are unnecessary and is detrimental to the ecology of the Appalachian forest. This study will be continued in 2016 by walking additional trails.
This document summarizes information about the California Hemp plant (Hoita macrostachya). It is a native perennial herbaceous plant that grows 4-6 feet tall and wide. It has large compound leaves and produces purple pea-like flowers from May to August. The plant prefers partial shade and regular water, and can be used in gardens near streams or ponds to stabilize banks and improve soil nitrogen. It provides habitat for wildlife and its roots were used by Native Californians for dye, medicine, and fiber.
The document provides recommendations for native plant species well-suited for gardens in Southwestern Oregon, highlighting plants unique to the region as well as those shared with other parts of Oregon, California, and the Pacific Northwest. Examples are given of various native shrubs, trees, ferns, flowers and groundcovers including their characteristics, growing requirements, and images. The document aims to educate homeowners on selecting native plants well-adapted to the climate and conditions of Southwestern Oregon.
Manilkara zapota (l.) p.royen (sapodilla) a reviewIJARIIT
Manilkara zapota, also known as Sapodilla, is very commonly distributed in Indian subcontinent. It is an important
member of Sapotaceae family as it is well known all over the world for its traditional medicinal uses. Numerous phytoconstituents
have been reported from the plant by different authors that are responsible for many biological effects such as anti-inflammatory,
anti-arthritis, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-diabetic activities. The present article describes a
detailed review of literature for this plant species including taxonomy, pharmacology and photochemistry in an organized way.
This review paper will surely serve as an important source for the future scientific investigations on this plant.
Pictures and information on some of the wide variety of trees, shrubs, perennials, annuals and bulbs that can be used in WaterWise landscapes in Oregon.
The document discusses characteristics of roses including their origin, parts, climate adaptation, and classification. Roses are flowering shrubs from the rosaceae family, originating mainly from Asia but also parts of Europe, Africa, and North America. They have roots, stems, calyxes, pistils, stamens, and petals. While roses can grow in different climates, they thrive best in warm regions. Proper fertilizer and maintenance help renew roses annually. There are over 30,000 rose varieties classified into six groups.
Edward salazar cruz. bienes comunes, consensos y recreacion no.2Edward Salazar
Este documento discute los desafíos que enfrentan los bienes comunes como la atmósfera y los
bosques debido a problemas como el cambio climático y la sobreexplotación. Argumenta que los
gobiernos tienen una capacidad limitada para gestionar estos bienes debido a la globalización y el
poder de las corporaciones transnacionales. Finalmente, propone varias estrategias para proteger los
bienes comunes, incluyendo establecer principios para su uso sostenible, aprobar leyes que garanticen
el acceso igualitario
Roxaneh Khorsand Rosa has extensive experience in ecological research, education, and conservation. She received her Ph.D. from FIU in 2013, studying the reproductive ecology of Mauritia flexuosa palm in Brazil. Her career goals are to conduct innovative ecological research and apply results to management/conservation, and help students develop critical thinking skills relating to ecology. She has taught various courses at FIU as an adjunct instructor and TA. Her research focuses on plant phenology and pollination in tropical and arctic ecosystems.
Undergraduate Research Symposium Poster PresentationerikaLane14
This study aimed to identify morphological characters that differentiate the northern tetraploid Packera taxa from P. plattensis in Minnesota, as the two are often confused. The author measured 13 characters on 82 herbarium specimens of 6 Packera taxa. ANOVA found 7 characters with significant mean differences, including flowering date, involucre length, ray length, basal leaf length-to-center, height, and two ratios. Of these, 6 characters effectively distinguished the northern tetraploids from P. plattensis. Identifying these differentiating characters provides a foundation for formally recognizing and describing the northern tetraploid group.
This document provides information about two forest insect pests: the red-bellied woodpecker and Callidiellum rufipenne. It describes the signs of damage caused by each pest, including exit holes, suckering, and galleries underneath bark. For C. rufipenne, it outlines its native range, hosts, and lifecycle of laying eggs in late spring that develop into larvae that burrow under bark to feed. The document also provides information about identifying Asian longhorned beetle, noting its size, antennae, coloration, potential blue feet, and signs of heavily infested trees with dime-sized exit holes and frass at the tree's base. Contact information is given if suspicious
The Baboquivari Mountain chain in southern Arizona comprises four mountain ranges from different geologic periods that contain a diverse flora. The mountain chain contains over 785 plant species and represents four distinct bioregions. Several rare plant species are found within the mountains. The mountain ranges have been inhabited for over 2,500 years by indigenous peoples including the Hohokam, Tohono O'odham, and more recently Hispanic and Anglo settlers, many of whom utilized the local flora for food, medicine, and other purposes. The Baboquivari Mountains play an important ecological role due to their location at the eastern edge of the Sonoran Desert.
The document discusses several important Ayurvedic plant families including their botanical descriptions. It covers the Menispermaceae family which includes plants like Guduchi. It describes the Malvaceae family containing plants like Bala and provides descriptions of key features like leaves and flowers. The document also discusses the Fabaceae/Mimosaceae family containing plants like Khadira, and provides botanical details of families like Rutaceae containing Bilva, and Rubiaceae containing Manjishtha.
The document summarizes key information about the mulberry family (Moraceae). It discusses that the family comprises 37 genera and 1050 species that are mostly found in tropical regions. It then describes some of the largest genera, including Ficus with 759 worldwide species. The document outlines morphological features of the family including habit, latex, stipules, leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. It also provides examples of Moraceae species found in Malaysia. Finally, it discusses some economic uses of species from the family.
This document discusses several monocot weed species found in Chhattisgarh, India. It begins by explaining that monocots have one cotyledon and includes grasses, sedges, lilies and cattails. Several grass species are described, including Saccharum munja, Eleusine indica, Phalaris minor and Cynodon dactylon. Sedges are also discussed. The document then provides detailed descriptions, images and information on the growth habit, habitat and uses of various monocot weed species found in the region.
An Interactive Key to the Genus Galanthus L.Kehan Harman
This document describes an interactive key for identifying species in the genus Galanthus, commonly known as snowdrops. It contains 19 species and numerous hybrids and cultivars. The key uses three main identification elements: leaf vernation, markings on the inner perianth segments, and leaf surface color/texture. It demonstrates the use of the key by providing details on an unknown specimen that is identified as G. ikariae based on its supervolute leaves, single apical marking, and description of large air spaces inside the leaves.
This document provides information on the Bigelow Beargrass plant, including that it is a large, drought-tolerant, herbaceous perennial native to deserts in southern California and other southwestern states. It grows in large clumping rosettes of long, strap-like leaves and produces tall flowering stalks in late spring with fragrant white flowers. As a dramatic desert plant, it is suitable for water-wise gardens and providing pollinator habitat.
This document discusses key concepts in plant reproduction including pollination, fertilization, and plant breeding. It defines terms like pollination, cross-pollination, self-pollination, fertilization, compatible, incompatible, parthenocarpy, and explains the significance of triploid cultivars and F1 hybrid seeds. Characteristics of wind and insect-pollinated plants are reviewed. Genetics concepts like dominant and recessive genes, and how they impact plant breeding through creating F1 hybrids with hybrid vigor, are also covered.
Baja Rose is a woody shrub native to coastal San Diego County and northern Baja California. It grows 4-6 feet tall and wide, with extremely small leaves and dense prickles on the stems. In late winter and early spring, it produces beautiful pink single roses. Baja Rose is drought tolerant and adaptable, making it a good choice for water-wise gardens, as a specimen plant, or for erosion control. It provides habitat and food for native pollinators.
The document provides descriptions of various plants, animals, and geological features found in Yosemite National Park. It describes the giant sequoia as the largest tree in the world, sugar pine as having the largest pine cones, and gossamer threads from spiderlings floating through the air. It also describes bracken fern, wintergreen, mousetails, sword fern, turkey tail fungus, manzanita, yerba santa, coast live oak, bumble bees, bigleaf maple, lichens on rocks, and humans inhabiting Yosemite Valley for thousands of years. Photos were provided by classmates on a field trip.
The document describes the soursop (Annona muricata), a small, evergreen fruit tree native to the Caribbean and Central America. It produces large, prickly green fruits that are high in vitamins and often processed into products like ice cream or consumed raw. In traditional medicine, parts of the plant are used to treat various illnesses.
7500 American chestnut trees and counting, the research that ate my summer in...Richard Gardner
During the summer of 2015 in reaction to the questionable concept I continually heard about the American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) going extinct I decided to do a census of the American Chestnut on the Appalachian Trail from the Rausch Gap to the Lehigh Gap and other local trails. Over 38 days were spent on the census using a GPS equipped camera with many more days gathering data on American Chestnut reproduction and how the Chestnut Blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) affected the trees. A total of over 80 miles of Appalachian Trail was walked along with at least another 40 miles on other trails. More than 7500 trees of various sizes from seedlings to mature adults were found along two trail systems separated by about 25 miles. In three separate locations a total of forty-four trees were found bearing seeds. The limiting factor in American Chestnut reproduction was clearly shown to be access to direct sunlight, not disease. The obvious conclusion derived from this time in the field is that the American Chestnut is coming back without our interference. Attempts to hybridize it with non-native chestnut species to make “blight resistant” trees are unnecessary and is detrimental to the ecology of the Appalachian forest. This study will be continued in 2016 by walking additional trails.
This document summarizes information about the California Hemp plant (Hoita macrostachya). It is a native perennial herbaceous plant that grows 4-6 feet tall and wide. It has large compound leaves and produces purple pea-like flowers from May to August. The plant prefers partial shade and regular water, and can be used in gardens near streams or ponds to stabilize banks and improve soil nitrogen. It provides habitat for wildlife and its roots were used by Native Californians for dye, medicine, and fiber.
The document provides recommendations for native plant species well-suited for gardens in Southwestern Oregon, highlighting plants unique to the region as well as those shared with other parts of Oregon, California, and the Pacific Northwest. Examples are given of various native shrubs, trees, ferns, flowers and groundcovers including their characteristics, growing requirements, and images. The document aims to educate homeowners on selecting native plants well-adapted to the climate and conditions of Southwestern Oregon.
Manilkara zapota (l.) p.royen (sapodilla) a reviewIJARIIT
Manilkara zapota, also known as Sapodilla, is very commonly distributed in Indian subcontinent. It is an important
member of Sapotaceae family as it is well known all over the world for its traditional medicinal uses. Numerous phytoconstituents
have been reported from the plant by different authors that are responsible for many biological effects such as anti-inflammatory,
anti-arthritis, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-diabetic activities. The present article describes a
detailed review of literature for this plant species including taxonomy, pharmacology and photochemistry in an organized way.
This review paper will surely serve as an important source for the future scientific investigations on this plant.
Pictures and information on some of the wide variety of trees, shrubs, perennials, annuals and bulbs that can be used in WaterWise landscapes in Oregon.
The document discusses characteristics of roses including their origin, parts, climate adaptation, and classification. Roses are flowering shrubs from the rosaceae family, originating mainly from Asia but also parts of Europe, Africa, and North America. They have roots, stems, calyxes, pistils, stamens, and petals. While roses can grow in different climates, they thrive best in warm regions. Proper fertilizer and maintenance help renew roses annually. There are over 30,000 rose varieties classified into six groups.
Edward salazar cruz. bienes comunes, consensos y recreacion no.2Edward Salazar
Este documento discute los desafíos que enfrentan los bienes comunes como la atmósfera y los
bosques debido a problemas como el cambio climático y la sobreexplotación. Argumenta que los
gobiernos tienen una capacidad limitada para gestionar estos bienes debido a la globalización y el
poder de las corporaciones transnacionales. Finalmente, propone varias estrategias para proteger los
bienes comunes, incluyendo establecer principios para su uso sostenible, aprobar leyes que garanticen
el acceso igualitario
El autor describe haber mejorado su comprensión de proyectos este año en comparación con el año pasado, haberse entendido mejor con su equipo. También menciona haber tenido alguna inconformidad sobre proyectos para niños de sexto grado que finalmente no está seguro de cómo se resolvió, y su deseo de que su experiencia continúe creciendo para dejar el Loyola en lo alto al graduarse.
This document is a resume for Amy Markovitz. It summarizes her professional experience and qualifications. She has over 20 years of experience in healthcare administration, including administering medical practices and hospitals. Her experience includes managing budgets, implementing electronic medical records, and developing new healthcare programs. She holds masters degrees in public health and social work.
This document provides information about a book titled "Terrific Teaching" that contains 36 weekly homework tasks. The tasks are designed to provide open-ended activities that all students can complete at their own ability level, variety to avoid boredom, and challenges for more capable students without demeaning struggling students. Most tasks do not require teacher marking and involve games to play at home or presentations for class. The tasks also aim to involve parents in observing their child's progress and supporting classroom work.
Liz Juarez, a PR student at Fresno State, is reaching out to invite a reporter to cover the first ever Fresno State Recruitment Fair for students seeking careers in education. The fair will be held from 9am to 2pm at the Satellite Student Union and feature employers from districts across California looking to hire teachers. It will provide an opportunity for students in the education field to connect with employers and learn about classroom ideas and projects.
This one sentence document does not provide enough context or information to create an accurate 3 sentence summary. The document contains only one word without any other details.
Joshua R. Clark was certified as a Fire Fighter 1 by Bucks County Community College's Department of Public Safety Training & Certification on May 18, 2011. The certificate confirms that Clark passed an accredited exam in the National Professional Qualification System and is valid until November 18, 2011. The certificate was signed by the Executive Director of the Department of Public Safety Training & Certification and the Vice President of Continuing Education, Workforce Development & Public Safety at Bucks County Community College.
This proposal outlines plans to reclaim 58 acres of land in Boston by filling in an antiquated body of water. The proposal would create 29 blocks of land similar in scale and character to nearby Back Bay, and include over 2,000 units of housing and 250,000 square feet of commercial space. A mile-long river walk and 575-foot harbor promenade would be built to connect the existing harbor walk and engage with the water, improving connectivity in the city while addressing issues like rising sea levels.
This document provides a summary of purchase orders from Barnard Construction CC to various vendors. It lists 27 purchase orders between January 10, 2014 and November 9, 2012 totalling over R1,000,000 for various construction and renovation projects. The projects include installing traps in a bathroom, erecting fences, painting offices, repairing and replacing infrastructure, and casting concrete.
This one sentence document does not provide enough context or information to create an accurate 3 sentence summary. The document contains only one word - "Lorem" - which is not meaningful on its own.
The document discusses several leafy vegetable crops grown in India, including amaranth, spinach beet, spinach, New Zealand spinach, and Malabar spinach. It provides details on the botanical classification and origin of each crop. For amaranth and spinach beet, it describes breeding objectives such as disease resistance and yield improvement. It also lists improved varieties that have been developed for some of the crops.
This document provides information on various leafy vegetable crops grown in India, including their botanical classification and origins. It discusses amaranth, spinach beet, spinach, New Zealand spinach, poi/Basella, and fenugreek. For each crop, it outlines key details such as the genus and species, origin, cytology/chromosome number, breeding systems and objectives. It also provides information on improved varieties that have been developed for many of these crops. The document emphasizes the importance of these leafy vegetables in Indian agriculture and cuisine.
Botanic, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of Phyllanthus Amarus Sch...CrimsonPublishersACSR
Botanic, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of Phyllanthus Amarus Schum & Thorn as Powerful Tools to Improve its Biotechnological Studies by Maria Aparecida MM in Annals of Chemical Science Research
This document provides definitions and explanations of terms related to invasive plant species. It defines native, non-native, naturalized, and invasive plant species. It also defines terms used to describe plant life cycles and herbicide application methods. The document is intended to provide context for understanding materials on invasive plant species.
The document is a trail guide for the University of Central Florida Arboretum. It provides an introduction to the trail and terms used in the guide. The guide then describes 15 plant species that can be seen along the trails, including their scientific names, families, growth forms, key identifying features, historical uses, and edibility. The guide concludes with contact information for the arboretum.
This document provides information on the botany and taxonomy of various leafy and salad vegetables. It discusses the scientific classification, description, and important varieties of vegetables like asparagus, leek, spinach, amaranth, lettuce, and artichoke. It notes their countries of origin and nutritional benefits. The document is intended as a submission for a horticulture course on leafy and salad vegetables.
This grant proposal requests $772.35 to fund an undergraduate research project investigating the allelopathic effects of hayscented ferns. The student hypothesizes that the ferns suppress competing plants either through chemicals released from roots/leaves or as leaf litter leachate, and aims to determine if suppression occurs at the seed germination or seedling growth stages. The project will expose seeds and seedlings of sugar maple, red maple, red oak, and black cherry to aqueous extracts and a leachate treatment from ferns. Effects on germination and growth will be measured over several months. The budget details supplies, equipment, and a timeline to complete the work by April 2015.
The document provides information on the avocado lace bug, including that it feeds on avocado and related plants, has several generations per year, and can damage plants through leaf feeding. It describes the lace bug's life cycle and appearance at different stages. Damage symptoms include pale or brown leaf blotches. The document outlines integrated pest management approaches like tolerating low populations, maintaining plant health, and using biological or chemical controls if needed.
This article discusses the unique Pima pineapple cactus and its relationship with its sole pollinator, the Diadasia rinconis bee. The cactus is small and hemispherical, found in southern Arizona, and produces bright yellow flowers once a day for one day in response to summer rains. It relies entirely on the Diadasia bee for pollination. The bee is also small, solitary, and specialized to feed only on cactus pollen. It lives in large underground nesting colonies and efficiently pollinates cactus flowers by climbing down their styles to collect pollen. Both species are threatened by habitat loss, so conservation efforts must consider maintaining corridors to allow for pollinator movement between
Richard Gardner conducted surveys from 2015-2017 and found over 10,000 surviving American chestnut trees along the Appalachian Trail and other trails in Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, and Connecticut. The limiting factor for the American chestnut's reproduction was found to be access to direct sunlight rather than disease. Hybridizing the American chestnut with other species is unnecessary and detrimental as the species is recovering on its own through natural selection and evolution. Future work will extend the survey further and continue monitoring regeneration through seedlings.
Pests of Blackgram, greengram, cowpea_Dr.UPR.pdfPirithiRaju
Blackgram, greengram, and cowpea are all leguminous crops that are vulnerable to similar pests. Some of the common pests affecting these crops include:
Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera): The larvae of this moth species bore into the pods and feed on the developing seeds of blackgram, greengram, and cowpea, leading to yield losses.
Aphids: Aphids can infest the leaves and stems of these crops, causing stunted growth, leaf curling, and the transmission of viral diseases.
Whiteflies: Similar to aphids, whiteflies feed on the sap of the plants and can transmit viral diseases. They also excrete honeydew, promoting the growth of sooty mold.
Thrips: Thrips are small insects that feed on the leaves and flowers of blackgram, greengram, and cowpea, causing damage and reducing plant vigor.
Bean Fly (Ophiomyia spp.): The larvae of bean flies tunnel into the stems and pods of these crops, causing wilting, stem breakage, and reduced yield.
Leafhoppers: Leafhoppers are sap-sucking insects that can transmit viral diseases to blackgram, greengram, and cowpea plants, leading to yield losses.
Cutworms: Cutworm larvae can cut the stems of young plants at the soil level, leading to plant lodging and reduced stand establishment.
Armyworms: Armyworm larvae feed on the leaves of these crops, leading to defoliation and reduced photosynthesis.
Leaf Miner (Liriomyza spp.): The larvae of leaf miner flies tunnel into the leaves of blackgram, greengram, and cowpea, causing characteristic serpentine mines and reducing leaf area for photosynthesis.
To manage these pests, integrated pest management (IPM) practices can be employed, including crop rotation, use of resistant varieties, conservation of natural enemies, and judicious use of pesticides when necessary. Early detection and monitoring of pest populations are also crucial for effective pest management in these crops.
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This document summarizes a study on herbal remedies used by rural populations in the Varanasi region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. The study found that 40 medicinal plant species belonging to 27 families are commonly used to treat diseases like colds, coughs, fever, snake bites, and boils. Plants are the main source of healthcare for many poor rural residents. While herbal knowledge is passed down over generations, the researchers observed this knowledge is gradually declining as older herbal practitioners pass away and youth lose interest. Conservation of medicinal plant species is important to preserve this traditional healthcare system.
1) The document discusses a survey of herbal remedies used by rural populations in the Varanasi region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.
2) A total of 40 medicinal plant species from 27 families were recorded as being used to treat diseases like colds, coughs, fever, snake bites, boils and piles.
3) The plants are used as they are easily available and provide affordable healthcare options for poor communities in the region. Preserving these medicinal plant species is important.
Herbal Cures Practised By Rural Populace In Varanasi Region Of Eastern U.P.(I...IOSR Journals
A survey based study to collect information regarding use of herbs as household treatment of common ailments in rural areas of Varanasi region of eastern U.P. was undertaken .In Varanasi as in other parts of India , the people especially those residing in rural and semi-urban areas still practise herbal cures for many of their ailments. In the present investigation a total of 40 medicinally important plant species belonging to 27 families were recorded which are frequently used by local populace to cure diseases such as cold,cough,fever,snake bite,boils piles etc.As plants are easily available and sometimes the only source of healthcare available to poor therefore there is a great need for preservation of such medicinal plants.
This document summarizes an ethnomedicinal study conducted in Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Researchers interviewed local people to document traditional medicinal uses of plants by indigenous tribes in the region. A total of 43 plant species were identified and their local names, descriptions, flowering/fruiting times, and traditional medicinal uses were recorded. Plant specimens were collected, identified, preserved and deposited in a university herbarium for future reference. The study aimed to document the traditional phytotherapy knowledge of tribes residing in the Kotia Hills area of Vizianagaram District.
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Anatomical and Palynological Studies on Napoleona imperialis P. Beauv. (Lecy...Scientific Review SR
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1) Pollen morphology showed N. imperialis has tricolpate pollen that is oval in shape with a microspinulose type of exine ornamentation. Pollen fertility and viability was 84.66%.
2) Anatomical analysis of the leaf midrib found features typical of dicotyledons like collenchyma cells, vascular bundles, and bundle sheath sclerenchyma cells.
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1. Unregulated herb harvesting poses dual threats of species endangerment as well as herbal supplement
contamination. The adulteration of herbal supplements such as black cohosh, A. racemosa, is
commonly caused by misidentification errors within a genus or family2. As is the case with the genus
Actaea and many others in the Ranunculaceae family, misidentification can have severe health and
ecological consequences. Currently, up to 1 in 4 herbal supplement sold as black cohosh are in fact
another species of Actaea4. Two species of this genus are commonly mistaken for black cohosh due to
similarities of native range and morphological characteristics including doll’s-eye, A. pachypoda, that
is toxic when ingested, and mountain bugbane, A. podocarpa DC. A. podocarpa is listed as imperiled
(S2) in Maryland where it is only found in one county, critically imperiled (S1) in IL, and vulnerable
(S3) in PA, WV, and GA. There are less than 500 known extant populations including 10 in
Maryland. The decline of this species continues due to increasing unintentional harvest, as
approximately 98% of black cohosh comes from wild harvested sources2,4. A. podocarpa may make
up a component of the up to 259,617 pounds of black cohosh wild-harvested a year (Alexander et al.).
While species of Actaea may be differentiated via analysis of active compounds, these methods have
limited accessibility to herb diggers and the general public. Our project aids in identification from the
perspective of an occasional herb harvester with little formal training in botany.
Introduction
• Brochure development:
• Photograph flowers, fruits, and other features distinguishing A. racemosa from A. podocarpa and
A. pachypoda.
• measure height, petiole length, leaf surface area, and stalk girth.
• Developed differentiation techniques using common language and everyday references (Fig. 1-5)
• Brochure distribution to National Forests and State Forest offices, local plant societies, herb guilds,
and at related outreach events as a reference guide to individuals applying for plant collection
permits.
Materials and Methods
We would like to thank Frostburg State University and the Western Maryland Chapter of the Maryland Native Plant Society.
Funding was provided from the Maryland Native Plant Society.
Acknowledgments
Mountain bugbane (Actaea podocarpa DC, Ranunculaceae), an understory herbaceous plant, is
declining throughout its range in the southern and central Appalachian mountains due to ecological
and anthropogenic pressures. Ecologically the species is found beneath eastern hemlock (Tsuga
canadensis (L.) Carrière) trees which are threatened by an exotic adelgid resulting in declining
habitat. An anthropogenic threat is species misidentification as black coshosh (A. racemosa L.) which
results in unintentional harvesting for the medicinal plant trade. We developed outreach material for
herb diggers, lay botanists, herbalists, and the general public that differentiates the intended species of
harvest, A. racemosa, from similar-looking related species: A. podocarpa and A. pachypoda Elliott.
Our outreach material simplifies technical morphological descriptions in botanical floras, increasing
the ability to differentiate species in the genus Actaea. This should have positive conservation
implications for A. podocarpa and a reduction in adulteration of herbal supplements. Additional
guides could include Appalachian bugbane, A. rubifolia (Kearney) Kartesz, for the southern part of
the range and red baneberry, A. rubra (Aiton) Willd, for the northern part of the range.
Abstract Results continued
As the demand for Actaea racemosa as an herbal supplement over the past two decades continues to
increase, the ecological pressure on wild populations of Actaea greaten. Often, wild collection occurs
without the aid of resources to properly distinguish A. racemosa from resembling species. Accessibility to
information is key in order for herb diggers and collectors to avoid accidentally digging the imperiled A.
podocarpa. By distributing information to places where herb digging permits are attained, the likelihood
of misidentification decreases, with the goal that herb diggers obtain a working knowledge of the potential
for species and personal health endangerment via herb misidentification. Such information presented with
picture elements, the use of comparative botanical descriptions, and colloquial language also helps to
account for usability. While the process of chemical analysis is widely accepted as an accurate1 means of
identification, general physical and morphological delineations between species can be of great benefit to
wild harvesters and the general public. Additional guides should be developed which include A. rubifolia
for the southern part of the range and A. rubra for the northern part of the range.
Literature Cited
1) Alexander, Susan J.; Oswalt, Sonja N.; Emery, Marla R. 2011. Nontimber forest products in the United
States: Montreal Process indicators as measures of current conditions and sustainability. Gen. Tech. Rep.
PNW-GTR-851. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Research Station. 36 p.
2) Baker, D. A., Stevenson, D. W., & Little, D. P. (2012). DNA Barcode Identification of Black Cohosh
Herbal Dietary Supplements. Journal Of AOAC International, 95(4), 1023-1034.
doi:10.5740/jaoacint.11-261
3) Foster, S. (2013). Exploring the Peripatetic Maze of Black Cohosh Adulteration. Herbalgram, (98), 32-
51 20p.
4) NatureServe. 2015. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version
7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available http://explorer.natureserve.org. (Accessed: April 28,
2016 ).
5) Pengelly, A., Bennett, K. (2012). Appalachian plant monographs. Black cohosh Actaea racemosa L.
Published online at http://www.frostburg.edu/aces/appalachian-plants/
6) Predny, M. L., De, A. P., Chamberlain, J. L., & United States. (2006). Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa):
An annotated bibliography. Asheville, NC: Southern Research Station.
7) Rhoads, A. F., & Block, T. A. (2007). Actaea L. In The Plants of Pennsylvania (p. 419). Philadelphia,
PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
8) Weakley, A. S., Ludwig, J. C., Townsend, J. F., & Crowder, B. (2012). Ranunculaceae: Actaea. In Flora
of Virginia (pp. 830-832). Fort Worth, TX: Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press.
1 Undergraduate Ethnobotany Majors, 2Associate Professor, Frostburg State University Department of Biology: Ethnobotany, Frostburg, MD, USA
Karen Johnson1, Laura Price1, and Sunshine Brosi2
Conservation concerns of misidentification among the genus Actaea
Figure 4: (left to right) Smooth, non-grooved petiole of A. racemosa; Grooved petiole
(commonly darkened along groove) of A. podocarpa; Smooth, non-grooved petiole of A.
pachypoda, with diameter approx. ¼ size of petioles of A. podocarpa and A. racemosa.
Figure 3: (left to right) A. racemosa flowers; White, aromatic mono-pistilate ( flowers terminally
arranged in bottle brush-like, branching racemes, A. podocarpa flowers; Non-aromatic flowers that
are multi-pistilated (3) A. pachypoda flowers.
Results
Morphological characteristics of look-alike species among the genus Actaea are distinctive when
presented in a comparative view and help to properly distinguish Actaea podocarpa from A.
racemosa and A. pachypoda.
Discussion
Figure 2: (left to right) A. racemosa leaflet; Leaflets do not overlap each other on the petiole.
Terminal leaf sinus is approximately ½ the length of the entire terminal leaflet. A. podocarpa
leaflet; Leaflets heavily overlap one another along the petiole. Terminal leaf sinus is greater than
½ the length of the entire terminal leaflet. Leaflet bases are highly cordate. Leaflet of A.
pachypoda; Leaflets do not overlap one another on the petiole. Terminal leaf sinus is less than ½
the length of the entire terminal leaflet. Sinus is sometimes lacking.
Leaflet of A. racemosa Leaflet of A. podocarpa Leaflet of A. pachypoda
Mono-pistilate flowers of A.
racemosa7
Multi-pistilate flowers of A.
podocarpa
Mono-pistilate flowers of A.
pachypoda
Results continued
How Do I Know If The Plant is Black Cohosh?
Black Cohosh
(A. racemosa)
Mountain Bugbane
(A. podocarpa)
Doll’s Eye
(A. pachypoda)
Height (ft) 4-6’ 3-7’ 1.5-2.5’
Flower
Single, vase-shaped
inner most part
(female part)
3-8 vase-shaped inner
most parts (female
parts)
Stalks of berries are
bright red
Length of the
stalk with
flowers on it
6-11” 8-10’’ 1-3”
Flowering time June-July Aug-Sept May-June
Flower aroma
Flowers with a strong
smell
Flowers without a
smell
Flowers with a strong
smell
Fruit
Fruit is round with a
hard outside with a
distinctive line
separating it in half
Fruit is shaped like a
half-moon and is
paper-like and thin
Berries: oval, white w/
purple cap, remains on
plant until frost
Stalk of plant
below the leaves
Groove absent Groove present Groove absent
Space between
the lobes on the
top most leaf
Approx. ½ leaf length> ½ leaf length < ½ leaf length
Leaflet overlap
Leaflets do not
overlap one another
on stem
Leaflets overlap one
another on stem
Leaflets do not overlap
one another on stem
Figure 1: (left to right) A. racemosa fruit, ovoid follicles with hard walls and a transverse vein: A. podocarpa fruit, flattened,
papery follicles with a beak-like tip: A. pachypoda fruit, white berries with purple/black top on bright red pedicels.
Typical floras include a description separating out the species by physical
descriptions using technical botanical language (Figure 5 and Figure 6).
We developed a more general descriptive characteristics (Figure 7).
How Do I Know If The Plant is Black Cohosh?
Black Cohosh
(A. racemosa)
Mountain Bugbane
(A. podocarpa)
Doll’s Eye
(A. pachypoda)
Height (ft) 4-6’ 3-7’ 1.5-2.5’
Flower
Solitary pistil, single
ovary
3-8 pistils, multiple
ovaries
Pedicels red
Panicle length
(in)
6-11” 8-10’’ 1-3”
Phenology June-July Aug-Sept May-June
Flower aroma Aromatic, bittersweet Non-aromatic Aromatic, bittersweet
Fruit
Follicles:
transversely veined,
firm walled, ovoid,
dehiscent
Follicles: non-veined,
membranous/ thin
walled, flattened,
beaked at the top,
dehiscent
Berries: ovoid, white w/
purple cap, persistent
until frost
Petiole Groove absent Groove present Groove absent
Terminal leaf
sinus depth
Approx. ½ leaf
length
> ½ leaf length < ½ leaf length
Leaflet overlap
Leaflets do not
overlap one another
on stem
Leaflets overlap one
another on stem
Leaflets do not overlap
one another on stem
Figure 5: Botanical descriptions of Actaea. (Weakley, A. S., Ludwig, J. C., Townsend, J. F., &
Crowder, B. (2012). Ranunculaceae: Actaea. In Flora of Virginia (pp. 830-832). Fort Worth, TX:
Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press.)
Figure 6: Comparative chart between physical characteristics of A. racemosa, A. podocarpa, and A. pachypoda using
botanical references and terms.
Figure 7: Translated comparative chart between physical characteristics of A. racemosa, A. podocarpa, and A.
pachypoda using common, colloquial language.