John Brown was born in 1800 in Torrington, Connecticut to a father who hated slavery. As a boy, Brown witnessed the brutal beating of a slave with an iron shovel, an image that haunted him. Later in life, Brown led an unsuccessful raid on an armory at Harpers Ferry to start a slave rebellion. He was subsequently hanged for treason, murder, and insurrection. His actions were an early catalyst in the events that led to the American Civil War and the eventual abolition of slavery.