4. DEHYDRATION
▪Affects younger animals more rapidly
▪Older patients with chronic disease require
more fluids
▪Active animals or those in hot/humid
conditions need more fluids
▪Corticosteroids and diuretics alter fluid
requirements
6. ▪ Euhydrated- Normal
▪ Mild- minimal loss of skin
turgor, semidry mucous
membranes, normal eyes
▪ Moderate- moderate loss of
skin turgor, dry mucous
membranes, weak rapid
pulses, enophthalmos
▪ Severe- considerable loss of
skin turgor, severe
enophthalmos, tachycardia,
extremely dry mucous
membranes, weak/thready
pulses, hypotension, altered
level of consciousness
7. REHYDRATION
▪Based on the estimated % dehydration
▪mL = % dehydration x weight (kg) x
1000
ex. 0.10 x 12.5kg x 1000 = 1250 mL
8. MAINTENANCE
▪Losses from feces and urine are easily
measured; sweating, ventilation, and
evaporation are not.
▪50 mL/kg/day in adult
▪110 mL/kg/day in young animals
ex. 50 mL x 12.5kg x 1 day = 625 mL
10. How fast do we give fluids?
▪Rapidly at first, then tapered to
maintenance
▪Depends on CV and renal status
▪Ideally given over 24 hours
11. How fast may fluids be given
▪Generally, the rate of infusion should not
exceed 100mL/kg/hr for dogs and cats,
but may be faster in large animals.
oFluid administration sets deliver
drops/mL of fluid
oAdult admin sets = 15gtt/mL
oPediatric = 20 gtt/mL
12. ▪Weight in kg x % dehydration equals to
the amount in liters that the animals is
dehydrated
ex. 10kg animal who is 8% dehydrated
Solution: 10kg x 0.08 = 0.8 liters/800mL
