Industrial Visit Report

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Industrial Visit Report
Venue: Central Silk Board, Madiwala, Bangalore, Karnataka
Date of Visit: 29th
may, 2018
Duration of Visit: 3 hours
Faculty Members: Prof. Indira Vinod and Misss. Nishitha Shetty
-By
Anwarul Haque
Mba 2nd
Semester

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Contents
Sl. No. Topics Page No
1. Journey Details 3
2. Company Details 3
3. Objective of Visit 4
4. Market Structure 4
5. Financial Position 5
6. Departmentation of Firm 6
7. Observation 7
8. Outcome of Visit 12
9. Group Photo 12

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Journey Details
 We started travelling from our college campus at 9:30 am by college bus along with
our coordinator on 29th
may, 2018.
 We reached Central Silk Board, B.T.M. Layout, Madivala at 10:30 am.
 We started return journey at 1:30 pm from Central Silk Board.
Company Details
Central Silk Board (CSB) is a statutory body established in 1948 by an Act of Parliament. It
is working under the administrative control of Ministry of Textiles, Government of India.
Address of headquarter of the Central Silk Board is as follows:
Central Silk Board,
Ministry of Textile,
GOVT. of India,
CSB Complex, B.T.M. Layout, Madivala, Bengaluru-560068
www.csb.gov.in
Top Management of CSB
1. Director
a. Shri R Sathish Kumar (Finance)
b. Shri G Ravichandran (Jt. Admin)
c. Shri Julian Tobias (Jt. Admin)
d. Shri K Dhanraj (Computer)
e. Divakar Y Bhat (Inspection)
f. Shri M.N. Ramesha (Publicity)
2. Secretary
a. Shri Moncy Issac (Tech)
b. Shri R.C. Das (Tech)
3. Scientist
a. Dr. P. Kumaresan
b. Dr. R.S. Teotia
c. Dr. Priya Ranjan
d. Dr. C.M. Bajpeyi
e. Dr. V.K. Rahmathula

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Objective of Visit
 Industrial visit is an excellent opportunity to interact with industries.
 Students know about the function of different sectors like IT, Financing Marketing.
Market Structure

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Financial Position

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Departmentation of Firm
Managing
Committee
Managing Director
Secretary
Establishment Project and
Development
Marketing Engineering

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Observation
Basically, CSB produce 4 types of silk,
Mulberry Silk:
The bulk of the commercial silk produced in the world comes from this variety and often silk
generally refers to mulberry silk. Mulberry silk comes from the silkworm, Bombyx mori
L. which solely feeds on the leaves of mulberry plant. These silkworms are completely
domesticated and reared indoors. In India, the major mulberry silk producing states are
Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Jammu & Kashmir which
together accounts for 92 % of country's total mulberry raw silk production.
Tasar Silk:
 Tropical Tasar: Tasar (Tussah) is cop perish color, coarse silk mainly used for
furnishings and interiors. It is less lustrous than mulberry silk, but has its own feel and
appeal. Tasar silk is generated by the silkworm, Antheraea mylitta which mainly
thrive on the food plants Asan and Arjun. The rearings are conducted in nature on the
trees in the open. In India, tasar silk is mainly produced in the states of Jharkhand,
Chattisgarh and Orissa, besides Maharashtra, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh. Tasar
culture is the main stay for many a tribal community in India.
 Oak Tasar: It is a finer variety of tasar generated by the silkworm, Antheraea proyeli
J. in India which feed on natural food plants of oak, found in abundance in the sub-
Himalayan belt of India covering the states of Manipur, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar
Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya and Jammu & Kashmir. China is the major producer of
oak tasar in the world and this comes from another silkworm which is known
as Antheraea pernyi.
Eri Silk:
Also known as Endi or Errandi, Eri is a multivoltine silk spun from open-ended cocoons,
unlike other varieties of silk. Eri silk is the product of the domesticated silkworm, Philosamia
ricini that feeds mainly on castor leaves. Sericulture is a household activity practiced mainly
for protein rich pupae, a delicacy for the tribal. Resultantly, the eri cocoons are open-mouthed
and are spun. The silk is used indigenously for preparation of chaddars (wraps) for own use
by these tribals. In India, this culture is practiced mainly in the north-eastern states and
Assam. It is also found in Bihar, West Bengal and Orissa.
Muga Silk:
This golden yellow color silk is prerogative of India and the pride of Assam state. It is
obtained from semi-domesticated multi volatile silkworm, Antheraea assamensis. These
silkworms feed on the aromatic leaves of Som and Soalu plants and are reared on trees
similar to that of tasar. Muga culture is specific to the state of Assam and an integral part of
the tradition and culture of that state. The muga silk, an high value product is used in
products like sarees, mekhalas, chaddars, etc.

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Process of silk Production:
Drying Of Cocoon:
Cocoons should be hot air dried to the optimum level to achieve better quality silk. This
method achieves the major objective of hardening the sericin uniformly in all the layers of
cocoon shell apart from killing pupa and removing the moisture. Hot air drying can be done
by batch type hot air driers or in Ushnakoti.
The temperature and time profile recommended for hot air drying of bivoltine
cocoons is as follows:
Temperature Duration
115°C 60 minutes
100°C 60 minutes
85°C 60 minutes
70°C 60 minutes
55°C 60 minutes
In case the cocoons are not dried to the optimum level then may be once again dried at the
lower temperature viz., 70 °C and 60 °C depending upon the requirement.
Cocoon Storage:
The cocoons dried to the optimum level may be conditioned for a minimum period of 7 - 10
days before taking up for reeling in order to achieve better reeling performance. The cocoons
should be stored in an appropriate storage room for long duration storage. The cocoon storage
should have 20 °C and below temperature in the center of the room and the air inside the
room should have 55 % and below relative humidity so that fungus will not attack the
cocoons.
Cocoon Sorting:
In order to achieve better results in reeling, the defective cocoons namely. Double cocoons,
flimsy cocoons, melted cocoons, uzi infected cocoons, urinated cocoons and malformed
cocoons which are unsuitable for reeling quality silk should be sorted out using CSTRI
cocoon sorting table.
Cocoon Mixing:
Mixing of cocoons should be done based on the single cocoon filament denier and reliability
of the cocoon lots. Among the cocoon lots taken for mixing, cocoon lots having similar single

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cocoon filament denier and reliability should be taken. The cocoons lots having wide
variation in single cocoon filament denier and reliability should not be mixed together.
Cocoon Cooking:
The ideal cocoon cooking for bivoltine cocoons by employing two/ three pan cooking and
circular type pressurized cocoon-cooking machine.
Three pan cooking using cocoon cooking cage
In order to cook the hot air dried bivoltine cocoons effectively three-pan cooking can be
adopted. The procedure while three pan cooking is as follows.
 The cage with cocoons is immersed in first cooking pan at 50 -55 °C for about 45 - 60
seconds.
 The cage is transferred to second cooking pan, which is at 90 - 93°C for about 90 -
120 seconds.
 The cage is then dipped in third pan at 60 - 65 °C for about 45 - 60 seconds.
 The cage is then returned to the second pan at a boiling temperature of about 95-
96 °C for 90-120 seconds.
 Steam supply is stopped and cold water is sprinkled on the cage for about 10 seconds.
 The cage is opened and the cocoons are transferred to the cooking pan. The floating
cocoons are then pressed using perforated pressing plate for 30 seconds without steam
and 30 - 45 seconds with steam.
 Steam supply to the pan is stopped and cold water is sprinkled gradually on the
cocoons to reduce the temperature to 70 - 80 °C gradually.
 The cocoons are then brushed at 75 - 80 °C and transferred to reeling basin.
For large scale reeling establishments it is advisable to adopt circular pressurized cooking
technique for hot air dried bivoltine cocoons to achieve better productivity and quality raw
silk. The methodology to be followed is as follows.
 The cooking vessel shall be filled with water up to half level mark.
 Dry cocoons are then filled up in the baskets.
 The water temperature is raised to 70 to 75 °C by passing steam.
 The cocoon baskets are immersed at 70 -75 °C for about 45 - 60 seconds.
 The baskets are raised above the water level and steamed by passing steam at 90 -
93°C for about 90 - 120 seconds.
 The baskets along with cocoons are immersed in water at 70 - 75 °C for about 60 - 90
seconds for low temperature permeation.
 After low permeation, the cocoons are raised above the water level and kept at about
80 °C. During the same period the water temperature will be raised to 97 °C.
 The cocoons are again steamed above water level at a boiling temperature of about 97
- 98 °C for 90 - 120 seconds to cook the cocoons.
 After cooking treatment the cocoons are immersed at 97 °C water and allowed to
stand for 60 - 90 seconds.

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 Then the steam valve will be closed and the lid will be opened.
 Cold water is sprinkled (Initially very gradually and later rapidly) to reduce the water
temperature from 97 °C to 75 °C in about 4 - 6 minutes.
 The cocoons are taken from the baskets and stored at 40 °C water.
 The cooked cocoons are brushed at about 80 °C and transferred to reeling basin.
Brushing:
Cooked cocoons are then brushed in a pan at 80 °C using paddy straw brush
Reeling:
It is recommended to reel bivoltine cocoons on Multi end reeling machine in order to produce
superior grade raw silk with following reeling parameters.
1. Reel speed : 100 - 120 meters/min.,
2. Croissure length : 8 cms for 20/22 denier.
3. Reeling basin water temperature : 40 °C
4. Good quality reeling button with appropriate hole size should be used.
Water Quality:
The quality standards for the water used in the reeling industry:
 Water should be colorless, limpid and odorless.
 pH of the water should be 7.0 at ambient temperature
 Total hardness should be less than 75 ppm.
 Total alkalinity should be less than 50 ppm.
Reel Permeation:
The silk reeled on small reels should be soaked in CSRTI reel permeation chamber kept at
low pressure. The emulsion medium is water with wetting agents. The permeation of the
liquor is effected three times to facilitate easy unwinding of silk from the small reels.
Re-Reeling:
Silk reeled on the small reels are converted in to standard size skeins after permeation. Re-
reeling may be done at a reel speed of 150 - 180 mtrs/min. Care should be taken to dry the
silk during re-reeling to avoid gum spots either by heat radiation through steam pipes. The
broken ends should be knotted properly to improve the performance of silk in winding.
For producing superior grade raw silk closed type Re-reeling with drying of silk using steam
pipe is preferable. Recommended temperature of drying inside the re-reeling machine is 35
°C - 40 °C and relative humidity of 40 - 45 %.

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Finishing Of Silk:
Lacing and skinning
The silk skeins should be placed at six places using cotton thread so that the silk threads will
be retained without entanglement.
The re-reeled silk should be cleaned for gum spots and extraneous impurities gently by hand
without damaging the silk threads. During lacing, cleaning, skinning and book making extra
care should be taken to avoid end breakages in the skeins. The laced silk in the form of hanks
are made in to skeins on a skinning machine. The silk is folded and twisted to have five
spirals. Care should be taken to avoid any break of silk threads during skinning.
Price of Cocoon:
Cocoon Name Price (Rs./kg.)
Reeling Cocoon 200-584
Seed Cocoon 400-680
Raw silk
Filature 3900
Charka 3500
Dupion 2300
ME (CB/BV) 3000-3900
ARM 4100
Vanya Silk
Tasar 3200-4000
Eri 2250-2600
Muga 17000-22000
Silk Waste Filature & Charka 450-610
Pure Mysore 1245
Silk Yarn 2/60s superior (6s count) 3100-3300 (spun silk)
2/60s Medium (7s
count)
725-780 (noil silk)
Disease Free
Layings
Cross breed 600
Hybrids 700
Import and Export:
Export Item Price (in Crore) [2018]
Silk Yarn 0.35
Fabrics, Madeups 25.09
Readymade Garments 118.79
Silk Carpet 3.66
Silk Waste 9,92
Total 157.81

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Outcome of Visit
Industrial visit represent important activities in any UG/PG program that contribute to the
achievement of various essential learning outcomes and program objectives. It enables
educational institutions to build close ties with industrial experts. Several broader educational
partnerships have emerged as a result of this visit.
Group Photograph